Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour最新文献

{"title":"How different levels of semantic segmentation affect human perception of driving scenes","authors":"Alice Cohen ,&nbsp;Avinoam Borowsky ,&nbsp;Joel Lanir","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As automated vehicles continue to advance, teleoperation has emerged as a critical support system for navigating complex and unpredictable environments that exceed the vehicles' current autonomous capabilities. A main issue in the implementation of teleoperation is latency caused by the high bandwidth required to transmit the video feed from the vehicle to the remote teleoperation station. A possible approach for addressing the latency problem is the transfer of lower-resolution or compressed videos between the vehicle and the teleoperation station. When applying semantic segmentation on the video feed, many pixels are mapped to a limited set of possible colors according to the types of objects that they represent. This concept has been commonly used in autonomous driving algorithms and has the potential to enable the transferring of smaller-sized videos thus reducing bandwidth. In this study, we examine how presenting semantically segmented driving scenes to humans affects their perception of the scene, and specifically, how it affects their hazard perception and situation awareness. We conducted two user studies comparing the effects of using different levels and types of semantic segmentation. Our results indicate that viewing partly segmented scenes, such that only a selected set of object types are colored, commonly achieves the same effect, and sometimes even outperforms a realistic view. Our study and its insights may pave the way for future research, development, and design of teleoperation systems of automated vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 19-31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of gaze strategies and cognitive load on safeguarding performance of motorists in right-turning scenarios involving potential conflicts with vulnerable road users","authors":"Florian Denk ,&nbsp;Felix Fröhling ,&nbsp;Pascal Brunner ,&nbsp;Werner Huber ,&nbsp;Martin Margreiter ,&nbsp;Klaus Bogenberger ,&nbsp;Ronald Kates","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In urban traffic, while the fraction of collisions involving Vulnerable Road Users (VRU) is low, their importance is high due to the higher injury risk for VRU. Their infrequent occurrence on average (compared with far more common individual perceptual and behavioral errors by both drivers and VRUs) reflects an underlying fault tolerance in traffic processes. However, the degree of fault tolerance varies among traffic situations. The underlying perceptual and cognitive processes involved are complex and can require a high level of attention and concentration, particularly in situations with intersecting trajectories. These processes can occasionally fail, leading to collision risk. The situation of right-turning motorists (in right-hand-drive countries) encountering cyclists moving straight on a bike lane (with right of way) has a particularly low error tolerance, since motorists must actively scan for cyclists approaching from behind. In order to develop, test and assess solutions that mitigate collision risk in this situation, the behavior-related causation mechanisms need investigation. This is the focus of this article. We conducted a trial on our closed test track with n = 35 subjects. The experiment was designed as a within-subject design with three independent factors: maneuver, target velocity, and cognitive load in an n-back task. The trial included observations of participants' gaze control. A primary research focus was the quality and efficiency of the safeguarding gaze behavior of participants in order to draw conclusions on the causation mechanisms of collisions in this situation. For this purpose we define metrics in order to quantify the quality and efficiency of a specific gaze behavior. Furthermore, we studied the effect of factors cognitive load and target velocity on safety and secondary (n-back) task performance. Remarkably, only four out of 35 participants reached a collision risk of 0% relating to the defined quality metric. Furthermore, we identified four distinct gaze strategy groups through hierarchical clustering, where one group performed particularly few glances overall. This group showed significant differences with respect to the defined quality metric whereas the other groups showed only slight differences to each other. The results have implications on subsequent crash causation model development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 32-49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of motorized two-wheeler virtual environment: Influence of perceived realism and simulator fidelity","authors":"Monik Gupta,&nbsp;Nagendra R. Velaga","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study explored the behavioral validity and contributing factors to improve realism in the virtual environment. The driving performance of motorized two-wheelers was compared in a simulator environment and real-world conditions. The driving simulator featured a virtual environment created with Unity 3D software, designed to replicate the real-world road infrastructure and traffic conditions to simulate a mixed-traffic environment. The driving performance measures, including mean speed, lateral acceleration, and longitudinal acceleration, were used to evaluate the behavioral validity. The control factors considered for determining the relative validity were a) Road Geometry and b) Distraction due to pillion rider. The Bayes hypothesis testing was conducted to compare the differences in performance measures in a) high fidelity driving simulator with motion base platform, b) driving simulator without motion base platform, and c) actual field conditions. The results supported the relative validity of the driving simulator in both with and without motion-based platforms. This study further quantified the difference in driving performance using explanatory variables: a) Perceived realism, b) Prior exposure to the virtual environment, and c) Individual characteristics. The results showed that the hypothesis proposing consistent relative standard performance parameters between the riding simulator and real-world distracted riding situations was three times more likely to be true. The motion feedback systems marginally improved the speed perception by reducing mean speed by 7.4 km/h. However, other factors, such as the realism of sound and surrounding traffic, reduced the mean speed in the simulator by 16.3 km/h and 28.6 km/h, respectively. This study also indicated that extended familiarization sessions beyond the hardware control and dwelling into speed perception improved the realistic speed in the virtual environment by 11.47 km/h. Overall, this study achieves a relative behavioral validity of the motorized two-wheeler simulator and highlights the critical aspects to consider while designing the experiments in the virtual environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 672-688"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An observational study of understanding the factors influencing merging behaviour in work zones","authors":"Sajani Siriwardene,&nbsp;Mahmud Ashraf,&nbsp;Ashim Kumar Debnath","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Merging due to lane closure in work zones is an everyday driving activity that is characteristically different from merging in non-work zone sections. Despite many studies analysing merging behaviour in lane change situations, limited efforts explicitly aimed to understand work zone merging processes, particularly using real-world observational data and to distinguish behavioural patterns for different types of lane closure configurations. To fill these important gaps, this paper analyses merging behaviour in work zones featuring slow lane closure (SLC) and fast lane closure (FLC) using observational data from work zones in Australia. Merging behaviour in terms of merging locations, merging speed, and acceleration/deceleration rate during merging were examined using regression models. The results showed that work zone merging behaviour varied significantly among the SLC and FLC types of lane closure. In an SLC setup, most vehicles merged closer to the taper end, whereas most vehicles in an FLC setup merged well ahead of the taper start area. Traffic and vehicle characteristics, including vehicle type, type of vehicle in front, gap to the target lane lag vehicle, traffic volume, proportion of heavy vehicles, and order of a merging vehicle in a platoon, influenced merging behaviour across both types of sites. Traffic simulation and design of future work zone traffic controls should consider the insights developed on different merging behaviour and their influential factors in SLC and FLC setups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 556-570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How do perceptions of risk influence the adoption of electric motorcycles? A theory-based investigation considering the multidimensional nature of risk","authors":"Duy Quy Nguyen-Phuoc ,&nbsp;Diep Ngoc Su ,&nbsp;Anh Truong ,&nbsp;Zhi-Chun Li ,&nbsp;Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In low- and middle-income countries, electric motorcycles (EMs) are not generally well accepted in the community as many infrastructural, technological, and psychosocial barriers remain unaddressed. A greater understanding of adoption barriers perceived by motorcycle riders can help devise strategies, such as policy and behavioural change interventions, to increase the uptake of EMs. This study aimed to investigate the risk dimensions of EM adoption and integrate them into the Theory of Planned Behaviour to model users’ intention to adopt EMs. A multi-group analysis was also conducted to examine the moderating effect of demographic characteristics on the proposed model. The data were collected from two cities in Vietnam, making this one of the region’s first theory-based studies on the electrification of the transport system. The outcomes of the structural equation modeling affirmed that the psychosocial variables outlined in the Theory of Planned Behaviour (i.e., attitudes, perceived behavioural control, and social norms) and perceived risk significantly influence the behavioural intention to adopt EMs. These findings hold significance for policymakers and manufacturers as they provide valuable insights into the factors that can be targeted to enhance the adoption of EMs. This represents a crucial step towards advancing sustainability goals in low- and middle-income countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 689-710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What psychological and socio-demographic factors can influence people’s intention to use ridesharing during the war? A case study in Ukraine","authors":"Nima Dadashzadeh ,&nbsp;Natalia Volkova ,&nbsp;Mustafa Ekmekci ,&nbsp;Daniil Horpenko ,&nbsp;Lee Woods ,&nbsp;Alexandros Nikitas","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Public transport services can be disrupted by natural or human-made crises, such as the recent war in Ukraine. Ridesharing has the potential to be used as an alternative to public transport during such crises. However, peoples’ attitudes and intentions towards ridesharing during war has not been studied. This study aims to address this critical gap by collecting and analysing travel behaviour data in two Ukrainian cities: Kyiv and Odessa. Exploratory factor analysis identified ten factors influencing ridesharing, namely: <em>attitudes, perceived behavioural control, subjective norm, ease of use, usefulness, moral norms, trust, perceived safety, emotions,</em> and <em>discrimination</em>. Then, a combined conceptual model based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, and the Technology Acceptance Model was proposed, to incorporate potential psychological and socio-demographic in the context of a war situation. Structural equation modelling was used to explore the causal relationships between these factors and ridesharing. In the context of war, perceived ‘usefulness’ affected attitudes, while perceived ‘ease of use’ influenced perceived behavioural control. Moral norms strongly impacted the ridesharing intention; trust influenced attitudes; and gender played a major role by indirectly affecting ridesharing intention. This can provide transport planners and policy-makers with insights as to how ridesharing can be more attractive and become a genuine tool for enhancing human mobility resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 211-230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crossing the line: Impact of pedestrian group behavior on individual crossing decisions in AV interactions","authors":"Maximilian Hübner,&nbsp;Jan-Niklas Birger Stockmann,&nbsp;Klaus Bengler","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research and development in automated driving are steadily progressing, with an increasing number of vehicles equipped with these systems participating in road traffic. Ensuring safe and robust interactions between automated vehicles and other road users is essential, especially in urban environments where interactions between vehicles and groups of pedestrians are common. Literature shows that external human–machine interfaces on automated vehicles might serve as a possible solution for such communication. Pedestrian groups have not been adequately considered in research on road crossings in front of automated vehicles equipped with external human–machine interfaces. This study investigates whether and how the behavior of a pedestrian group affects a single pedestrians behavior and perception of crossing in front of an automated vehicle equipped with an external human–machine interface. A virtual reality study with 44 participants revealed that pedestrians adjust their crossing behavior based on the behavior of others, leading to both improved efficiency and potential safety risks during crossings. Subjective measures revealed increased trust in automated vehicles with repeated exposure. However, trust remained essentially unchanged across different behaviors of the pedestrian group. After the experiment, almost three-quarters of the participants reported a subjective influence of the pedestrian group. Objectively, participants crossed earlier and more confidently when the group began to cross the street, improving efficiency in scenarios where the automated vehicle stopped. The same behavior raises safety concerns in scenarios where the automated vehicle is about to pass, as participants follow the pedestrian group early. These findings highlight the need for automated vehicle communication systems to consider group dynamics to ensure safety and efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 921-937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a brain-like cognitive computational model to analyze the difference between desired speed and actual speed on rural highways for young drivers","authors":"Zishan Peng ,&nbsp;Bo Yu ,&nbsp;Kun Gao ,&nbsp;Shan Bao ,&nbsp;Ye Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the lower technical standards and complex driving environments on rural highways, drivers, especially young drivers, often encounter significant differences between their desired speed and actual speed (hereafter referred to as speed difference), resulting in frequent traffic accidents. Thus, this study proposes a brain-like cognitive computational model containing three subnetworks (i.e., perceptual, cognitive, and motor subnetworks) to analyze and predict young drivers’ speed difference through a “perception-cognition-action” loop. Simulated driving experiments were conducted on a 13.5-kilometer rural highway stretch with 50 young participants. Brainwave information (32-channel EEG) and actual speed were collected while driving, and the desired speed was obtained from participants’ self-reported data while they were watching their driving recording videos. A visual road environment model (VREM) was developed using deep neural networks to extract quantifiable parameters of the road environment perceived by drivers, which were then used as inputs for the perceptual subnetwork. In this study, the perceptual, cognitive, and motor subnetworks were composed of 4, 3, and 3 servers, respectively. Desired speed was the output of the cognitive subnetwork, while actual speed was obtained from the motor subnetwork. The brain-like cognitive computational model was calculated using the linear mixed-effects model that considers the driver heterogeneity. The results showed that using the brain-like cognitive computational model could predict the speed difference more accurately than using VREM alone. The findings could help to analyze speed difference causations and prevent risky driving behavior from an innovative brain-like perspective, thereby promoting the development of advanced driver assistance systems and human-like autonomous vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 880-896"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Driving behavior inertia in urban tunnel diverging areas: New findings based on task-switching perspective","authors":"Shiming He ,&nbsp;Zhigang Du ,&nbsp;Jialin Mei ,&nbsp;Lei Han","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban tunnel diverging areas are crucial for enhancing overall traffic efficiency. However, the complexity of driving tasks and drivers’ inaccurate perception and response to these tasks are primary contributors to accidents. This study categorizes tunnel diverging areas into three task segments: the approach segment, ramp discovery segment, and entry and navigation segment, with task switching occurring during segment transitions. The objective is to investigate drivers’ responses to driving tasks and their behavior during task switching, providing a foundation for optimizing traffic engineering in diverging areas. Data on speed, longitudinal acceleration, vehicle position, and steering wheel angle were collected from 44 drivers in field tests. Initially, a comparative analysis of driving behavior within task segments was conducted. ANOVA was then used to identify critical change points for each indicator during task switching. Finally, K-means clustering was employed to analyze multiple driving behavior indicators and explore response delays during task transitions. The results reveal that drivers exhibited a higher speeding ratio and delayed lane-change responses within task segments. During task switching, drivers tended to continue their previous driving state—termed ‘driving behavior inertia’, which led to later entries into deceleration lanes and more abrupt deceleration, highlighting drivers’ reduced task sensitivity and lower risk perception in tunnel diverging areas. Furthermore, driving behavior inertia was significantly influenced by route and gender. Drivers in the left lane showed weaker inertia than those in the right lane, while female drivers exhibited stronger inertia. These findings offer valuable insights for the design and optimization of traffic engineering facilities in tunnel diverging areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 1007-1023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Too sick to take over? − Impact of car sickness on cognitive performance related to driving in the context of automated driving","authors":"Myriam Metzulat ,&nbsp;Barbara Metz ,&nbsp;Andreas Landau ,&nbsp;Alexandra Neukum ,&nbsp;Wilfried Kunde","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Car sickness in automated driving is not only a comfort issue but might also negatively affect performance. It could be a safety risk if a car-sick driver has to take over, for example in an emergency situation, and their ability to safely control the vehicle is impaired. Previous studies have shown negative effects of other types of motion sickness, such as sea sickness or simulator sickness, on various cognitive performance measures. This is the first study to investigate the effects of actual car sickness in a real vehicle on several performance requirements relevant to driving. Data from two independent studies with <em>N</em> = 20 and <em>N</em> = 47 participants are reported. In both studies, performance tasks were completed before and after car sickness was induced in a real vehicle ride. These tasks represented different aspects of driving, i.e. a visual search task for visual selection, a simple reaction task for reactions to sudden events, a mental rotation task for visuo-spatial ability and a tracking task for hand-eye coordination. Reaction times were significantly prolonged and hand-eye coordination significantly impaired as symptoms of car sickness increased. Visuo-spatial performance also decreased with increasing car sickness, but not significantly (<em>p</em> = 0.059). Visual search was not negatively affected by car sickness. Subjectively, car sickness reduced the ability to concentrate and increased the subjective effort to complete tasks. The results indicate that actual driving performance may be affected by car sickness. The transferability of the results should be verified in a real driving study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 480-500"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}