Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour最新文献

{"title":"A systematic review of studies investigating the impact of sleep deprivation on drivers’ physiology and driving performance","authors":"Meenu Tomson,&nbsp;Tom V. Mathew,&nbsp;Nagendra Rao Velaga","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Driving is a multifaceted and risky activity that requires activation and utilisation of both cognitive and physiological capabilities. Sleep deprivation tends to impair cognitive function, which compromises drivers’ capabilities and increases the likelihood of crashes. Researchers have developed driver monitoring systems that can detect driving impairment by utilising driving performance measures and drivers’ physiological measures. However, sleep deprivation could induce specific physiological variations accompanied by changes in driving performance, thereby rendering detection of driving impairment challenging. This study aims to categorise drivers’ physiological and driving performance indicators associated with sleep deprivation and to evaluate existing evidence using a systematic review. Additionally, by examining the combined measures of behavioural and physiological state of vigilance, this review identifies correlations between various driving performance metrics and drivers’ physiological responses that can help in detecting the state transitions of drivers. The twenty-five studies that met the review criteria were chosen in accordance with the PRISMA framework from four research databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Transportation Research International Documentation (TRID), and IEEE Xplore digital library. Findings from this systematic review provide consistent evidence that sleep deprived driving induces physiological variations and leads to driving performance deficits. Sleep deprived driving resulted in increased electroencephalographic slow activity (alpha and theta power) of the brain and correlated with driving performance deficits. Ocular markers, including saccadic velocity, mean blink duration, variations in gaze behaviour, and PERCLOS, were able to detect physiological impairments while driving in sleep-deprived conditions. Combining physiological measures, such as slow eye movements and increased power in the alpha and theta bands of the EEG, also served as a robust measure of impaired driving performance. Notably, this review acknowledges limitations due to the diversity of methodologies across the studies, which complicates direct comparisons of findings. Nonetheless, these research findings will give directions for future research in developing strategies for robust real-time warning systems incorporating hybrid measures to mitigate the consequences of sleep deprived driving.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 458-479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISA in the USA? The likelihood of U.S. drivers accepting and using intelligent speed assistance","authors":"Ian J. Reagan,&nbsp;Jessica B. Cicchino","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Speeding has contributed to thousands of fatalities in the Unites States annually for decades, despite long-standing awareness of its risks. Intelligence speed assistance (ISA) is a technology designed for speed limit compliance that has been shown to reduce speeding, and European law has mandated ISA for all new vehicles sold from July 2024. The United States lags in ISA deployment, with research specific to the U.S. driving population lacking in spite of lives lost. We studied attitudes toward ISA to understand how the intervention options specified for European vehicles are associated with ISA acceptability among U.S. drivers.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>U.S. adult drivers (<em>N</em> = 1,802) completed a survey that measured their agreement with statements about ISA and their driving-related attitudes and behaviors. Between-subjects assignment tied respondents to one intervention group (advisory warning, supportive accelerator pedal, or intelligent speed limiter) prior to rating ISA acceptability. Analyses estimated the likelihood of agreement that ISA would be acceptable and would be kept turned on, and agreement of the acceptability of interventions that would occur at 1–2 mph, 5 mph, or 10 mph over the speed limit.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>About three fourths of respondents agreed ISA would reduce speeding-related crashes. Over 60% agreed that ISA with an advisory warning would be acceptable or kept turned on, whereas agreement hovered around 50% for ISA with a supportive accelerator pedal or an intelligent speed limiter. Adjusting for multiple covariates minimized the preference for advisory warnings and found a significantly higher likelihood (21% higher) that a supportive accelerator pedal would be kept turned on relative to an intelligent speed limiter. A quarter to a third of each intervention group agreed that ISA interventions at 1–2 mph over the limit would be acceptable, whereas majorities agreed ISA interventions at 10 mph would be acceptable.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights opportunities to improve upon a modest level of agreement that ISA would be acceptable to U.S. drivers. A strong relationship between high intervention thresholds and acceptance implies there may be an ideal balance between effectiveness and acceptance. Deploying ISA in environments with vulnerable road users also has promise, given ISA’s potential to reduce injury crashes and the high acceptance for its use in school zones and among urban residents. The relationship between increased fleet penetration and increased ISA acceptability suggests that U.S. driver attitudes toward the technology may adapt positively with time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 242-254"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the silent dialogue: Unveiling driver-pedestrian communication dynamics with a hidden Markov model","authors":"Linda Pipkorn ,&nbsp;Joshua Domeyer ,&nbsp;Bruce Mehler ,&nbsp;Bryan Reimer ,&nbsp;Pnina Gershon","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Motivation</h3><div>To enable vehicle automation to negotiate in a mixed traffic environment there is a need for formal methods that describe the communication process between drivers and pedestrians.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This work aims to model the underlying states of communication that a dyad of a pedestrian-driver system experiences when a pedestrian crosses the road in front of an approaching vehicle.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We analyzed a naturalistic driving dataset comprised of 328 encounters which were identified using a forward-facing camera from 61 drivers. A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) was employed to model the underlying communication states in these encounters. The model accounted for observable behaviors, including vehicle and pedestrian movement, pedestrian and driver gaze, and instances of driver waving, capturing the dynamic interplay between both parties.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The HMM revealed six distinct communication states: four representing <em>unidirectional</em> communication, where the driver either braked or accelerated/cruised while looking toward or away from the pedestrian and two <em>bidirectional</em> communication states including signs of negotiation, where drivers and pedestrians were likely to look in the direction of one another and pedestrians were likely to pause, with or without vehicle movement. Notably, bidirectional communication occurred in approximately 60% of the encounters, typically early on, but diminished as the encounter progressed. In contrast, unidirectional communication involving an accelerating/cruising vehicle became more frequent toward the end of the encounters.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study introduces a novel model for analyzing pedestrian-driver encounters, highlighting the importance of bidirectional communication in the early stages of interactions. The findings suggest that not all encounters involve reciprocal communication and that communication patterns shift over time. Future work can build on this model to identify instances of communication breakdowns and explore potential strategies for mitigating them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 965-976"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applicability of the contextual mediated model to predicting road crashes in Ghana and the United Kingdom","authors":"John Enoch Kwasi Dotse ,&nbsp;Richard Rowe","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Models of driver crash risks have been developed in high income countries (e.g., the contextual mediated model). However, the extent to which these models apply to motoring in low and middle income countries, which bear the majority of the world’s road crash fatalities is unknown. We investigate the applicability of a modified contextual mediated model which distinguishes between distal and proximal factors that increase crash liability. The model was applied to 404 UK and 478 Ghanaian motorists to examine the extent to which the processes underlying crash risk are culture specific. Path analyses showed that distal factors (e.g., anxiety, distracted driving susceptibility) predicted crash involvement directly and indirectly through errors, violations and hazard monitoring in both countries. Hazard monitoring was a significant predictor of crash involvement, independent of DBQ factors in both UK and Ghana, highlighting its importance in understanding driver behaviour and crash risk. The findings provide empirical support for the usefulness of the revised contextual mediated model to explain driving behaviour in Ghana as well as the UK.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 635-651"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying extended theory of planned behaviour to develop a high school traffic education programme","authors":"Manh Thong Vo ,&nbsp;Xuan Long Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although many traffic safety programmes have been developed to date, few integrate the identification of the causes of risky riding behaviours with the creation of targeted educational content. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop an educational programme with appropriate content to raise awareness among high school students by targeting the latent factors affecting their intention to engage in risky riding behaviours. To accomplish this goal, this study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, a TPB model and personality traits were applied to identify the causes of dangerous motorcycle-riding behaviours among high school students in Ba Ria-Vung Tau province, Vietnam. A total of 205 samples were analysed from the 399 questionnaires distributed to 10 classes. The data underwent exploratory factor analysis (EFA), partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), and Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) to identify the most significant latent factors influencing the intention to engage in risky riding behaviours. In the second phase, the findings from the PLS-SEM were used as a reference for the traffic safety education programme, which was combined with rational emotional behaviour therapy (REBT) to develop the programme’s content. Two classes, corresponding to the intervention and control groups, were selected from the initial phase to implement the developed education programme. To test the programme’s effectiveness, a Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was conducted, evaluating the level of improvement in awareness before and after participation using effect size (r). The findings indicate that the traffic safety education programme influenced attitude (r = 0.314) and descriptive norm (r = 0.712), thereby reducing their influence on the intention (r = 0.494) to engage in risky riding behaviours. This demonstrates the effectiveness of educational programmes in reducing risky riding behaviours among students. The study design, analytical methods, and results of the present study could assist educators to develop traffic safety education programs customized to specific areas, resulting in promoting efforts aimed at reducing risky riding behaviours among students.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 588-606"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When what’s on the outside counts: Protective motorcycle apparel","authors":"Darren Wishart,&nbsp;Shelly Weaver,&nbsp;Tobias Scholl","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aims to investigate the intention to use non-mandatory protective motorcycle apparel in a sample of Australian motorcycle riders. Past research indicates that not all motorcyclists wear non-mandatory protective apparel on every ride. Given the efficacy of protective motorcycle apparel to reduce the severity of injuries and likelihood of fatality, it is important to understand the factors contributing to usage rates. The present study applied the Theory of Planned Behaviour to examine the factors driving and impeding use of mandatory and non-mandatory protective motorcycle apparel. Participants were 398 licenced motorcycle riders (80.9% male, 18.8% female, 0.3% other) who took part in an online survey assessing licence status, riding experience, primary reason for riding, returning rider status, protective motorcycle apparel use on their most recent ride, and all Theory of Planned Behaviour constructs (i.e., attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and intentions to wear protective motorcycle apparel), including the extended constructs of descriptive norms and anticipated regret. Overall, the results showed that the majority of riders in every age category wore a full faced helmet, motorcycle-specific top, gloves, boots, and impact protectors on their most recent ride. The results indicated that both the original and extended Theory of Planned Behaviour constructs were positively associated with intention to use protective motorcycle apparel. The present study provides preliminary evidence to suggest that the efforts by industry stakeholders to improve non-mandated protective motorcycle apparel use by Queensland motorcyclists have been efficacious..</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 607-618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of feedback on powered two-wheeler riding behaviour: Insights from naturalistic data","authors":"Shivam Singh Chouhan ,&nbsp;Ankit Kathuria ,&nbsp;Ravi Sekhar Chalumuri","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In India, road crash reports highlighted that more than 74,000 Powered Two-Wheeler (PTW) riders lost their lives in the year 2022 and risky driving behaviour was the primary cause of road crashes. It is apparent from the statistics mentioned above that PTW safety has become a major problem. However, existing literature related to PTW safety is still not vast. This research addresses a gap in the existing literature by focusing on examining risky riding behaviours and exploring a feedback as a strategy to enhance PTW safety. The present study employed a comprehensive data collection strategy involving GPS data alongside the videography data. The data were collected for 45 riders in two stages. The first stage data was used to examine the relationship between riding behaviour measures and crash risk. Moreover, the findings indicate a significant positive correlation between riding behaviour measures and crash risk. Particularly noteworthy is the identification of a threshold values of 0.12 g and −0.14 g are deemed more appropriate for delineating harsh acceleration and braking events, respectively. Finally, this study aims to compute a riding behaviour score and analyse the impact of feedback on riding behaviour. The second stage of data collection was conducted to assess the impact of feedback on riding behaviour. Results show that both feedback-only and feedback with incentives conditions enhanced acceleration and braking scores, with significant improvements observed for the feedback with incentives phase. These findings suggest that combining feedback with low-cost financial incentives can effectively reduce risky riding behaviour among PTW riders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 1024-1048"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving models of pedestrian crossing behavior using neural signatures of decision-making","authors":"Siwei Ma ,&nbsp;Xuedong Yan ,&nbsp;Jac Billington ,&nbsp;Matteo Leonetti ,&nbsp;Natasha Merat ,&nbsp;Gustav Markkula","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding and modelling pedestrian behavior is important for traffic safety, not least in the context of vehicle automation. There exist competing models for how pedestrians decide if and when to cross a road with oncoming traffic. Distinguishing between these competing models is non-trivial, but recent results in the cognitive neuroscience of decision-making offer a promising method, complementing behavioral data with electroencephalography (EEG): Previous EEG studies have shown that the centro-parietal positive potential (CPP) reflects evidence accumulation during abstract perceptual decision-making tasks, and that it can be used to arbitrate between alternative models of these tasks. However, it is not yet known whether the CPP can be used to support modeling in more complex, embodied contexts, such as human locomotion in road traffic. Here, we address this question by designing an EEG paradigm for pedestrian road-crossing. In a computer-based experiment,<!--> <!-->participants made road-crossing decisions in a simulated scenario where a car approached them under different time-to-arrival (TTA) conditions. Three perception-based drift diffusion models and one utility-based drift diffusion model were used to model the pedestrian behavior. The behavioral data showed a partial preference for the utility-based model over the perception-based drift diffusion models. The EEG data showed a CPP signal, which helped distinguish between the models in a way that behavioral data alone could not: CPP amplitude was positively correlated with accumulated evidence in the drift–diffusion models, and with stronger correlations for the utility-based model than for the perception-based models. Our results show that the CPP signature can be used to help arbitrate between competing decision-making models also in more embodied tasks, a finding which has applied implications not least in the context of traffic safety engineering and vehicle automation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 1491-1506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition toward driverless robotaxi: Role of social anxiety, perceived safety, and travel habit","authors":"Xinyu Yao ,&nbsp;Jia Liu ,&nbsp;Xueqin Wang ,&nbsp;Yi Xiao ,&nbsp;Guanqiu Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2025.01.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Robotaxi services integrate autonomous driving technology with traditional online ride-hailing and can meet the increasing demand for urban transportation. This study analyzed the factors influencing passengers’ intentions to transition from traditional ride-hailing to robotaxi services. Using the stimulus-organism-response framework and theory of planned behavior, we examined social anxiety (social environment anxiety, social performance concern, and stranger interaction avoidance) and technological factors (perceived technical safety and perceived operational safety) as external stimuli affecting individuals’ internal states and behaviors. Data from 510 valid questionnaires collected in China’s first-tier cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen) revealed that social anxiety and perceived safety significantly affected transition intentions. Among the social anxiety variables, social environment anxiety had the strongest influence, followed by social performance concerns and stranger interaction avoidance. Additionally, travel habits emerged as a significant moderator between subjective norms and transition intentions and between perceived behavioral control and both transition intentions and behaviors. The classification of user groups based on levels of social anxiety and travel habits provided valuable insights; for instance, passengers with high social anxiety and weak travel habits were more inclined to transition to robotaxi services. These findings offer practical implications for urban planners and robotaxi service providers to address transportation challenges in rapidly urbanizing areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 1402-1418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143206127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting driver speeding behavior in Mumbai school zones","authors":"Rahul Raoniar,&nbsp;Vedagiri Perumal","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.12.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reckless driving, especially speeding, is a dangerous behavior associated with fatalities, particularly among school children, and it greatly contributes to deadly accidents in school zones. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehend the elements that encourage speeding in these sensitive areas. This study examined how driver, vehicle, and roadway characteristics, as well as land-use patterns, influence speeding behavior in school zones by assessing the spot speeds of 7,197 vehicles from 11 school zones in Mumbai, India. These zones were chosen through zone-weighted cluster random sampling from a total of 4,150 school records. Results showed that 28.64% of vehicles surpassed the designated speed limits of 30 km/h. The analysis using a random intercept binary logistic regression model identified several factors affecting speeding behavior. Male drivers were 7.6% more likely to speed than female drivers. The location of the school influenced speeding, with probability 36.2% higher in unsignalized mid-blocks compared to signalized mid-blocks. Motorcycle drivers had the highest probability of speeding (11.8%), followed by SUVs (9.7%) and minivans (5.8%). Road environment characteristics also affected speeding. Wider roads were associated with increased speeding, while wider parking lanes led to a substantial decrease in speeding behaviors. These results provide urban planners and road safety programs with crucial insights. Addressing these factors can create safer school zones and protect children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"109 ","pages":"Pages 652-671"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}