Arabian Journal of Geosciences最新文献

{"title":"A CNN-based method for forest classification using compact PolSAR images","authors":"Sahar Ebrahimi,&nbsp;Hamid Ebadi,&nbsp;Amir Aghabalaei","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12163-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12163-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The primary intention of this study is to explore the ability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for forest classification using Compact Polarimetric (CP) data. Due to the phenomenal performance of the CNNs, more and more studies have tended to apply CNN-based methods to classify polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) images. In this study, three strategies were applied for this purpose. The first strategy involved designing and applying a CNN-based network to the Full Polarimetry (FP) mode of RADARSAT-2 C band, the simulated CP modes, and the reconstructed Pseudo Quad (PQ) modes. The results of these different modes were then compared with each other. In the second strategy, we compared the outcomes obtained from the first strategy with those from the Wishart classifier and the support vector machine (SVM) used in previous studies. Finally, the last strategy combined the CP modes to improve the classification outcomes further. Results showed that the CNN network outperformed other methods by using the CP modes for forest classification, and combining π/4 and DCP_L modes provided higher overall accuracy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of natural and anthropogenic changes on the morphology and shoreline dynamics along the southeast coast of Bangladesh","authors":"Md Sakaouth Hossain,&nbsp;Muhammad Yasir,&nbsp;Zahidul Bari,&nbsp;Mahmuda Khatun,&nbsp;Maftuha Jahan","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12161-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12161-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The southeastern coast of Bangladesh is forming the backbone of Bangladesh’s Blue Economic Zone, where the shoreline types are constantly changing. This research examines the classification of Bangladesh’s southeast coast, changes in shoreline types, and shoreline dynamics from 1990 to 2020. Field investigations, data from Google Earth, satellite images, and statistical analysis have all been carried out, where the transition matrix, sedimentation-erosion, LRR, EPR, and NSM are all used to examine the shifting of coastlines. According to the findings, the overall length of the investigated coastline in 1990 was 295.64 km, with only 11.12 km of human-induced coastline, but the total length of the coastline in 2020 was 281.38 km, with 67.39 km of human-induced coastline. Natural coasts include bedrock, beach, estuary, mangrove, and muddy coastlines; human-induced coastlines include salt fields, constructions, revetment and seawall, ship breaking, and manmade forest coastline. Approximately 60% of the sandy, muddy, and bedrock coastline has been transformed into seawalls, salt fields, and construction shorelines between 1990 and 2020. The changing intensity of coastal length in the study area is highest during 2010–2020, with a value of 0.28%. The analysis shows that over the last 30 years, the study area has lost around 1.06 km² per year and gained 2.35 km² per year, for a total net increase of 38.74 km². Human activities are hastening the process of coastline change, making it critical to protect healthy coastal ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Rayleigh-type surface wave propagation in a self-reinforced layer embedded overlying a sandy semi-infinite half-space","authors":"Suparna Roychowdhury,&nbsp;Abhijit Pramanik,&nbsp;Mostaid Ahmed,&nbsp;Magfura Pervin","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12158-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12158-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work explores a complex system consisting of two separate layers: an upper layer consisting of a self-reinforced medium and a bottom layer made up of a half-space, especially a dry sandy medium. The surroundings that Rayleigh waves travel through are these two layers. Analytical solutions for the self-reinforced layer and the dry sandy half-space have been methodically derived using the variables separation method approach. After that, dispersion relation of the system has been found within a predetermined range. The computational capacity of MATHEMATICA software has allowed for the quantitative illustration of some important Rayleigh wave features. The characteristics give a thorough knowledge of wave behaviour in such layered material and include phase velocity, group velocity, and wave attenuation. The results draw special attention to the important ramifications for a range of real-world applications, especially in the areas of military infrastructure and coastal marine constructions. The design and stability of foundations subjected to wave-induced forces in marine structures depend heavily on an understanding of Rayleigh wave behaviour. The knowledge gained can be applied to military settings to improve the resilience and lifespan of structures by designing them to withstand the impact of vibrations and waves. Thorough investigation and findings of this study deepen our understanding of wave mechanics in layered media and provide important insights for engineering applications where complicated geological features and wave interactions are crucial. Emphasizing the wider significance and application of the research findings, this study not only increases theoretical knowledge but also offers helpful guidance for the design and analysis of structures in difficult situations. The study ends with conclusions and an outlook on possible future research directions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cooperative load-carrying mechanism and control technology of the gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting and goaf filling","authors":"Hongchun Xu,&nbsp;Hang Yin,&nbsp;Pei Ge","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12160-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12160-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The deep mining industry commonly encounters significant challenges, including large displacements of the roof in the gob-side entry retaining, and large deformations and failures of the filling body, which seriously compromise the structural safety and reliability of mines. In this study, we focus on a specific engineering case of the 8318 working face from the Xinzhou coal mine, employing the methodology of roof cutting for pressure relief and goaf filling with gangue reinforcement. Through a comprehensive approach involving numerical analysis, theoretical derivation, and experimental validation, the key parameters of the gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting, and the cooperative load-carrying mechanism of gangue reinforcement in gob-side entry retaining by cutting roof were systematically investigated. The numerical simulations and underground mine pressure monitoring data demonstrated that the optimum roof cutting height is 10 m at an optimum roof cutting angle of 8°. The proposed cooperative load-carrying technology of gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting significantly reduced the peak vertical stresses in the centre of the roof and the filling body by 22.6% and 43.4%, respectively. Furthermore, individual pillar stress levels showed notable reductions, with the maximum working stress and average stress decreasing by 34.2% and 47.8%, respectively. The practical implementation of our study offers valuable guidance in the control of surrounding rock in deep mining, thereby contributing significantly to the advancement in the field of surrounding rock support control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental adaptability and biosurfactant production of bacterial isolates from the Boca de Jaruco oil field (Cuba)","authors":"Liliya Biktasheva,&nbsp;Alexander Gordeev,&nbsp;Thais Hernández,&nbsp;Polina Galitskaya,&nbsp;Svetlana Selivanovskaya","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12130-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12130-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Environmental protection requirements and the need to increase the proportion of oil recovered by secondary methods have led to the rise in popularity of microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) techniques. Usually, MEOR requires the use of indigenous strains of microorganisms residing in wells, as they are adapted to local conditions. However, for some wells and fields, such as the Boca de Jaruco field in Cuba, information about the oilfield microorganisms and their properties is extremely limited. One of the properties crucial for the successful implementation of MEOR in fields is the ability of indigenous strains to produce biosurfactants. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the ability of six bacterial isolates obtained from the Boca de Jaruco field in Cuba to produce biosurfactants. The isolates capable of utilizing oil as their sole carbon source were identified as <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (strains CC21, CC23, CC31, and CC32), <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> (strain CC33), and <i>Aeromonas veronii</i> (strain CC22). It was determined that all isolates can tolerate temperatures between 30 and 60 °C, salinity ranging from 0.5 to 10.0% NaCl, and pH levels between 6 and 9. Regarding their ability to produce biosurfactants, assessed using the drop collapse method, oil-spreading method, emulsification activity test, and surface tension measurement, the isolates ranked as follows: <i>A. veronii</i> CC22 &gt; <i>B. subtilis</i> CC21 = <i>B. subtilis</i> CC31 &gt; <i>B. subtilis</i> CC23 = <i>B. subtilis</i> CC32 &gt; <i>B. licheniformis</i> CC33. The biosurfactants produced were stable in the presence of 1.7 to 20.0% NaCl, irrespective of temperature (30 or 70 °C). However, substituting 20% of the NaCl with CaCl₂ resulted in destabilization of the biosurfactants produced by all investigated isolates, with destabilization levels averaging up to 32% at 70 °C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Step-by-step algorithm for creating and tuning a PVT model for a reservoir hydrocarbon system","authors":"Taras S. Yushchenko,&nbsp;Alexander I. Brusilovsky","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12150-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12150-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The reservoir fluid PVT model is necessary to all types of hydrodynamic modelling (field development, well flow, well test, basin modelling, etc.). The PVT model, when not properly tuned, can result in significant inaccuracies in calculating PVT properties and field production of volatile oil and gas-condensate systems. The process of tuning the reservoir fluid PVT model is a complex and time-consuming task. Various methods, such as regression and machine learning (ML), have been employed for reservoir oil PVT model tuning; however, a definitive approach has not yet been identified. This paper introduces a novel and efficient step-by-step approach for developing and tuning reservoir fluid PVT which enables engineers to tune PVT models much faster than before. The new proposed approach can assist in the initialisation of a PVT model by employing effective methods for initial data pre-processing. Furthermore, it can accurately reproduce the results obtained from field measurements and basic laboratory studies conducted on representative samples, in a model using a cubic equation of state. Tuning the PVT model enables the reliable modelling of the PVT properties of all five types of reservoir fluids (black oil, volatile oil, gas condensate, wet gas, dry gas) in various applications; the applications include the design and monitoring of field development, multiphase flow calculations in wells and field pipelines, and basin modelling. It is possible to algorithmise and automate the application of this approach in specialised software. This study considered eight Russian reservoir oil and gas-condensate systems, for which the PVT models were tuned, using the proposed approach. The comparison between proposed approach and other tuning methods in modern PVT simulators (PVTi, PVTsim, Multiflash, PVT Designer) is shown in the article. These examples show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of source parameters of local earthquakes near Koldam, Himachal Himalaya, India","authors":"Ankush Kumar Ruhela,&nbsp;Subhash Chandra Gupta,&nbsp;Josodhir Das","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12151-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12151-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Koldam site is located in the Himachal Lesser Himalaya in the vicinity of the main boundary thrust. The area near Koldam is seismically active, with earthquakes ranging in size from mild to major. Earthquakes result in the death and destruction of people and property. It is vital to research the features and nature of earthquake sources. This paper examines an analysis of 45 local earthquakes that were observed in the Himachal Himalaya region during the period from June 2014 to May 2019. The seismic moment, source radius, and stress drop are among the source parameters that are computed for earthquakes. These source parameters are computed using the hypocenter parameters, corner frequency (<span>({f}_{text{c}})</span>), and low-frequency spectral level (<span>({Omega }_{text{o}})</span>) with the help of Seisan software following Brune’s source model which describes the displacement amplitude spectrum as the physical process that releases energy at the source. This study is used to monitor and interpret the characteristics of the regional seismicity. The seismic moment ranges between 7.94 × <span>({10}^{10})</span> and 1.25 × <span>({10}^{15})</span> N-m with magnitudes between 1.6 and 4. The source radius is found to vary from 122.3 to 427.2 m. The stress drops of most of the events vary from 0.45 to 74.92 bar except for two events which have stress drops of 130.56 bar and 175.06 bar, respectively. Stress drops of 19 events range from 0.45 to 10.83 bar with <i>M</i>_o between 1 × 10¹² and 8 × 10¹² N-m, stress drops of 18 events range from 2.5 to 39.41 bar with <i>M</i>_o between 1 × 10¹³ and 8 × 10¹³ N-m, and stress drops of 6 events range from 18.08 to 74.92 bar with <i>M</i>_o between 1 × 10¹⁴ and 4 × 10¹⁴ N-m, respectively. Stress drops exhibit an increasing tendency up to a focal depth of 20 km, beyond which they show a decreasing pattern that appears to be associated with the strength of the crust. It appears that below 20 km, the strength of the upper crust decreases based on the variation of the maximum stress drop with focal depth. A scaling relationship has been established between the source parameters and the magnitudes for the region. A scaling law <span>({M}_{text{o}})</span> = 3.85 × <span>({10}^{15}{f}_{text{c}}^{-3.068})</span> has been developed between the seismic moment and corner frequency, for the region. This law almost agrees with that of the Kameng region (<span>({M}_{text{o}})</span> = 2.0 × <span>({10}^{15}{f}_{text{c}}^{-3.34})</span>) of the Arunachal Lesser Himalaya, the Bilaspur region (<span>({M}_{text{o}})</span> = 2.0 × <span>({10}^{15}{f}_{text{c}}^{-3.03})</span>) of the Himachal Lesser Himalaya, and the Garhwal Himalaya (<span>({M}_{text{o}})</span> = 3.0 × <span>({10}^{16}{f}_{text{c}}^{-3.0})</span>).\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagenetic attributes of Badabagh Member sandstone of Jaisalmer Formation, western Rajasthan, India: implications toward reservoir quality","authors":"Taskin Ahmed,&nbsp;Tahreer Ayaz,&nbsp;Abdullah Khan,&nbsp;Bushra Noor,&nbsp;Naseem Akhtar","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12143-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12143-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Badabagh Member sandstone is mainly quartz arenite, and its composition ranges from sub-arkose to sub-lithic arenite. Petrographic analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and quantitative measurements of reservoir properties were utilized to thoroughly examine the physical and diagenetic characteristics of the Badabagh Member sandstone. Mechanical compaction; the precipitation of calcareous, ferruginous, and silica cement; the creation of clay minerals; the breakdown and alteration of unstable clastic grains like feldspar and rock fragments; and grain fracturing are among the identified diagenetic properties. Primary porosity was greatly decreased by mechanical compaction and using authigenic cement, such as ferruginous, calcareous, and silica. Clastic grains and cement dissolved, resulting in secondary porosity. Porosity was estimated to have been 40% at first, then compaction decreased it to approximately 9.76%, and cementation further reduced it to 28.03%. Compared to compaction, cementation had a relatively greater effect on the reduction of porosity in the Badabagh Member sandstone. On the other hand, some primary porosity was preserved due to sporadic patches of calcareous cement and imperfect filling. Physical compaction, cementation, and grain ductility were primary contributors to reduced porosity and permeability, whereas clay coatings like kaolinite booklet-type coating, pore-lining chlorite coating around grains, and feldspar dissolution were instrumental in preserving reservoir quality by creating secondary porosity. The sandstone under study exhibits diagenetic processes that are intimately related to its reservoir potential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated geological and geophysical analysis on the study of the structure of ultramafic bodies in the Batain nappes, Asseelah beach, Sultanate of Oman","authors":"Callegari Ivan,&nbsp;Gurk Marcus,&nbsp;Rarivoarison Heninjara,&nbsp;Al Hashmi Al-Hanoof Said","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12156-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12156-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The northeastern region of Oman presents exceptional outcrops of carbonatite and ultramafic lamprophyre along the east coast, and they intruded a sequence of marine sedimentary rocks. This study aims to study these outcrops through geological and geophysical methods to assess their dimensions and orientations beneath the recent coastal sediments. Geologically, the area is characterized by sedimentary rocks belongings to the Batain nappes. The Batain Group consists of various formations rich in alkaline volcanic rocks, including the Wahra Formation, which hosts the studied outcrops. Fieldwork revealed folded cherts and shales with fault zones and breccias containing ultramafic lamprophyre and carbonatite. Geophysical surveys utilizing radiomagnetotelluric (RMT) soundings identified the lateral extension of these rock sequences beneath sedimentary cover. Inversion of RMT data provided insights into the resistivity distribution, delineating the ultramafic lamprophyre and carbonatite body beneath the sediments. Structural analysis suggests that these rocks were involved in transpressive deformation during late Neogene tectonic events. Despite challenges posed by conductive beach sediments, the RMT method proved effective in shaping these subsurface features, contributing to understanding the geological complexities of the region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of infiltration process in Kokamthan village using Horton model","authors":"Chandrakant L. Jejurkar,&nbsp;Manoj Wagh,&nbsp;Sandeep R. Korake","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12152-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12152-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Infiltration, signifying the downward movement of water, consistently shapes various surface runoff features, influencing both their magnitude and distribution. Traditionally, assessing soil infiltration in the field has been a time-consuming and challenging task. However, the use of assorted infiltration models has significantly streamlined this process. This study focused on measuring soil infiltration in clay soil using a double-ring infiltrometer. The Horton infiltration model emerged as a prominent choice for analyzing the infiltration characteristics of clay soil. Cumulative infiltration depths were employed to determine model parameters and evaluate its performance. A comparison between measured infiltration rates and model-estimated rates was conducted. Statistical parameters, such as the coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²), indicated a strong mean value of 0.842, approaching unity. Both the root mean squared error (RMSE) and absolute mean difference (AMD) demonstrated robust agreement between field-measured infiltration depths and model-estimated infiltration depths. The results of this investigation suggest that the Horton infiltration model serves as a suitable tool for estimating soil infiltration characteristics in the Kokamthan village within the Godavari basin, part of the Kopargaon region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}