Arabian Journal of Geosciences最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic reservoir characterization using production data in the Haripur field, Sylhet, Bangladesh","authors":"Biraj Kumer Sarker,&nbsp;A S M Woobaidullah,&nbsp;Mohammad Amirul Islam,&nbsp;Mahmud Al Noor Tushar,&nbsp;Sabrina Sultana Snigdha,&nbsp;Nazmul Haither","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12288-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12288-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dynamic reservoir characterization involves analyzing a reservoir’s behavior over time, particularly as fluids (like oil, gas, and water) are produced or injected. The main objective of the study is to assess the dynamic reservoir characteristics of the Haripur oil field, Sylhet, Bangladesh in synchronous and post production phases by applying streamline simulation technique. The field started production in 1987 and terminated in 1994 producing approximately 0.53 MMSTB of oil. In the current study, the dynamic behavior of the Haripur reservoir has been assessed based on some key performance indicators such as flow line concentration, oil flow rate, pressure and time of flight (TOF). The indicators were obtained by using Petrel 2009 software platform from production data gathered during the well’s peak and late production phases. Flow line concentrations which refer to the accumulation of streamlines within a specific region indicating variations in flow velocity and pressure, show a considerable connectedness among the flow paths between synchronous and post production periods. Oil flow rate is decreased significantly among the periods. The flow pressure has been decreased by 91.74% within synchronous and post production phases. On the other hand, the TOF and oil saturation have experienced only a minor variation that implies the presence of significant amount of oil in the reservoir till the present day. This study presents a novel application of streamline simulation to evaluate the dynamic reservoir characteristics of the Haripur oil field in Bangladesh, focusing on both synchronous and post-production phases—an approach rarely applied in regional reservoir analyses. By examining unique indicators such as flow line concentration, time of flight, and pressure decline, this research provides critical insights into remaining reservoir potential and connectivity that can inform future production and development strategies.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower Eocene mixed carbonate siliciclastic ramp facies, Sohag Governorate, Upper Egypt","authors":"El-Sayed Sedek Abu Seif,&nbsp;Abdelhamid A. El-Shater,&nbsp;Wafaa A. Soliman,&nbsp;Esraa H. Attia","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12262-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12262-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study area (Egyptian Nile Valley, Upper Egypt, east Sohag Governorate) represents a minor slice of the El-Maaza Plateau, mainly composed of Lower Eocene carbonate succession. Three well-selected Lower Eocene sections were investigated (Wadi Bir Al-Ain, Awlaad El-Sheekh Village, and Hashem Al-Eseri Village). The studied Lower Eocene succession distinguished into distinct two formations: Thebes Formation (yellowish white laminated and bedded limestone with bands of chert and fine-sliciclastic beds) and conformably followed upward by Drunka Formation (snow white color, more or less horizontality and chert concretions). Field observations revealed numerous structural elements (faults, joints, folds, and shear zones associated with the Pan-African Orogeny) that greatly influenced the lithology and areal distribution of the Lower Eocene sequence. These structural elements were followed by a series of tectonic reactivations, especially during the Cretaceous and Oligocene periods. Particularly in the Wadi Bir Al-Ain, the carbonates of the Drunka Formation are often characterized by a distinct depositional cyclicity feature and more landward facies covering more basinward facies throughout each cycle. These cyclic carbonate deposits show shallowing upward, reflecting shallow epi-continental environmental conditions. The thickness of these cycles and lack of truncated cycles indicate that the amplitude of sea-level fluctuation and periodicity were generally consistent, pointing to a eustatic process for relative sea-level change rather than a tectonic one. Rockfalls, joints, tilting, and faulting are examples of deformation features seen within the Drunka Formation that could be post-depositional. Additionally, there is no argillaceous lithic succession within the Drunka Formation in the studied area. Consideration of the studied Lower Eocene rock units as carbonate ramp deposits was concluded based on thorough field investigations, sedimentological, and lithofacies of the studied Eocene succession, and careful reading of published works of Eocene rock units in Egypt and other international localities (Thebes Formation in inner-middle ramp environmental conditions and Drunka Formation in an outer-ramp environment). Based on standard classification schemes, five microfacies of the studied carbonate rock units (lime mudstone, lime wackestone, lime packstone, lime grainstone, and lime dolostones) were identified from the petrographic microfacies analysis conducted on 85 representative samples of the studied Lower Eocene succession. These microfacies were considered a main tool for better understanding the depositional environments of the studied Lower Eocene rock units.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on compressive strength characteristics of lime-fly ash composite improved mottled red clay","authors":"Xiushao Zhao,&nbsp;Qi Deng,&nbsp;Qijing Yang,&nbsp;Linhao Zhao,&nbsp;Zhijie Zhou,&nbsp;Yunfan Li","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12285-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12285-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address the susceptibility to softening instability in mottled red clay subgrade fillers from Jiangxi Province, a lime-fly ash composite modification approach was proposed. Systematic experimental investigations were conducted through a series of unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests with designated fly ash (0%-25%) and lime (0%-8%) dosages, combined with immersion tests, wet-dry cycles, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, to elucidate the strength evolution patterns and micro-mechanisms of modified soils. The test results show that: (1) the soil's UCS strength significantly increased after adding lime and fly ash to the mottled red clay. The strength increment from composite improvement with both lime and fly ash was more significant than the sum of the individual improvements, demonstrating a \"1 + 1 &gt; 2\" synergistic effect; (2) After water immersion, the UCS of the soil modified with 3% lime and 15% fly ash and cured for 7 days, reached 538.22 kPa, meeting the railway subgrade fill specification of 350 kPa. After 28 days of curing, the UCS can be as high as 1176.85 kPa. Furthermore, the water stability and softening coefficients after five dry–wet cycles were 1.44 times and 2.25 times those of pure mottled red clay; (3) SEM analysis results indicate that while filling the pores, fly ash also acts as a network of solidified particle structures, forming rod-like and three-dimensional mesh structures with enhanced bonding forces between soil particles; and (4) An optimal ratio of 3% lime and 15% fly ash is recommended based on this study, which can be used as a reference for the modified mottled red clay field engineering application.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145145246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petrology and geochemistry of the metamorphic rocks from the Bikélélé area, the Chaillu Massif, southwestern Republic of the Congo","authors":"Yarsé Brodivier Mavoungou,&nbsp;Noël Watha-Ndoudy,&nbsp;Anthony Temidayo Bolarinwa,&nbsp;Hardy Medry Dieu-Veill Nkodia,&nbsp;Aliyu Ohiani Umaru,&nbsp;Georges Muhindo Kasay","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12287-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12287-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents the petrographical and geochemical data of the metamorphic rocks from the Bikélélé area in order to constrain their petrogenetic evolution, provenance source and tectonic setting. These rocks include biotite gneisses, amphibolites, hornblende gneisses, clinopyroxene amphibolites, epidote amphibolites, actinolite-chlorite schists, quartzites and mica schists. The biotite gneisses exhibit analogous geochemical features with sanukitoids, as well as negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*)_N = 0.4–0.61 in their REE chondrite-normalised patterns. The metavolcanic rocks have high SiO₂, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, MgO, CaO, Mg#, low to high fractionation (La/Yb)_N = 0.89–39.45 and negative to no Eu anomalies (0.43–1.07). Both the biotite gneisses and metavolcanic rocks show depletion in Nb, Ta and Ti in their primitive mantle-normalised diagrams. The metasedimentary rocks exhibit high SiO₂, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃ and enriched light rare earth element (LREE) with depleted heavy rare earth element (HREE) patterns. Based on the geochemical characteristics, we suggest that the melts of the biotite gneiss protoliths formed by the partial melting of a high-K rich mantle that was metasomatised by melts derived from subduction-related terrigenous sediments associated with oceanic slab. The metavolcanic rocks likely formed at shallow depths, by 2.5–4% partial melting of a subcontinental lithospheric mantle source that was enriched through metasomatism involving sediments, melts and subduction-related fluids. However, the metasedimentary rocks originated from the Archean granitoids of the Chaillu Massif that underwent an intermediate tropical weathering. Based on the literature and data of this study, a subduction-arc environment associated with a back-arc extensional basin was suggested as the potential tectonic setting of these rocks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Source characteristics of local reservoir-triggered seismicity (1.0 ≤ ML ≤ 3.6) in the Song Tranh 2 Region, Vietnam","authors":"Thai Anh Tuan,&nbsp;Cao Dinh Trong,&nbsp;Dang Thanh Hai,&nbsp;Cao Dinh Trieu,&nbsp;Le Van Dung,&nbsp;Dinh Quoc Van,&nbsp;Mai Xuan Bach,&nbsp;Nguyen Huu Tuyen,&nbsp;Pham Nam Hung","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12286-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12286-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Earthquakes have occurred near the Song Tranh 2 hydropower since the reservoir's impoundment in November 2010. These include several thousand earthquakes, with a magnitude Ml 4.7 event on 15 November 2012 being the largest. The Institute of Earth Sciences deployed digital data acquisition systems near the Song Tranh 2 reservoirs to investigate earthquake generation. In the present study, source parameters of 97 local events (1.0 ≤ M_L ≤ 3.6) that occurred around the Song Tranh 2 region from September 2013 to April 2017 have been estimated by using spectral analysis. The source parameters including moment magnitude (M_w) seismic moment (M₀), source radius (r), displacement (s), corner frequency and stress drop (∆σ) are found to vary from 1.4 ÷ 3.7, 1.4 × 10¹¹ ÷ 4.3 × 10¹⁴ Nm, 66.1 ÷ 188 m, 0.16 ÷ 10.4 mm, 6.9 ÷ 19.7 Hz and 0.2 ÷ 58 MPa, respectively. Empirical scaling laws among these parameters are developed for the first time in the region. Stress drops in the Song Tranh 2 region increase with magnitude and concentrate in the northern cluster near the reservoir at a depth of 3 to 4 km, consistent with the higher seismic activity observed in that area and depth range. The intersection of tectonic activity and Song Tranh 2 reservoir overburden pressure likely creates stress heterogeneities, leading to higher energy release and stress drops.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145145165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and microchemical characterization of gold grains in stream sediments around Eseka (Nyong Unit), Cameroon: insights into Au origin and exploration","authors":"Penn Emile Nkeng,&nbsp;Mboudou Germain Marie Monesperance,&nbsp;Ndema Mbongue Jean Lavenir,&nbsp;Fuanya Christopher,&nbsp;Balla Ateba Moïse Christian,&nbsp;Nsangou Ngapna Moussa,&nbsp;Emmanuel Esseya Mengu Junior,&nbsp;Okpara David Dicken,&nbsp;Owona Sebastien","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12283-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12283-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gold in stream sediments at Eseka located within the metasedimentary Nyong Unit (Ntem Complex) is known as an artisanal mining site. The primary source of gold remains unknown, and an adequate exploration model is of concern. This study uses the morphology and microchemistry of the gold grains and trace element geochemistry to constraint its primary source. Scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, inductively coupled plasma optical emission/mass spectrometry, and multivariate statistics were used for these investigations. The results show that gold grains are irregular, elongated, or angular and display a size variation of 0.5 to 1.4 mm. Au count in the studied sediments ranges from 2 to 5, and a few sub-rounded grains with groovy surface topography are observed. These indicate a short transportation distance (~ 1000 m) through fluvial system and proximity to the Au primary source. Eseka sediments contain Au (&gt; 1000 ppb), Ag (0.1–1.1 ppm), and Hg (&lt; 0.05 ppm), and two main element associations (Hg-La-Mo-Pb-Th and Ba-Co-Cr-Cu-V) have been determined. Au (93.32–100.01 wt%) is alloyed with Ag (0.119–2.660 wt%), Cu (0.010–0.378 wt%), Hg (0–0.037 wt%), and Te (0–0.011 wt%) with a narrow fineness (935–999). The mineralization in Eseka is classified as very high grade Au which is linked to a mesothermal/orogenic source similar to some Au deposits of the Ntem Complex. A prospective zone has been identified and can be explored using field geologic mapping, pitting-trenching, geophysical method, and soil and stream sediment geochemistry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of forest land cover due to forest landscape restoration of the Bunduki gap in the Uluguru Nature Forest Reserve, Morogoro, Tanzania","authors":"Abdulkadiri M. Ramiya,&nbsp;Emmanuel F. Nzunda,&nbsp;Charles J. Kilawe,&nbsp;Daud J. Kachamba,&nbsp;Djibril S. Dayamba","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12282-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12282-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forest landscape restoration is important for the mitigation of climate change, conservation of biodiversity, protection of watersheds, provision of livelihoods, and enhancement of ecosystem services, thereby promoting environmental sustainability and human well-being on a global scale. This study investigates land cover changes in the Bunduki Gap, a region where eviction occurred in 2008 to establish biological connectivity between the northern and southern blocks of the Uluguru Nature Forest Reserve, in Morogoro, Tanzania. The research employs supervised image classification using the random forest algorithm on Google Earth Engine using high-resolution imagery from Quickbird 2005, Worldview 2011, and Pleiades 2017. It assesses classification accuracy, analyzes changes in land cover classes, tracks their persistence and trajectories, and examines spatial distribution for the periods 2005–2011 and 2011–2017. In 2005, the study area exhibited 1.74% forest, 16.01% bushland, 39.03% grassland, and 43.21% bare land. By 2011, these proportions shifted to 26.81%, 44.51%, 17.54%, and 11.14%, respectively. By 2017, the proportions further transformed to 51.80%, 31.79%, 13.41%, and 3.00%, respectively. The classification achieved a high overall accuracy of more than 90% for each respective year. The main result is the replacement of bare land, grassland, and bushland by forest land cover. The rate of this replacement differs temporally and spatially across the gap. The observed land cover changes were primarily driven by the cessation of farming activities, natural forest regeneration, and the influence of local conservation efforts following the eviction. The transition to forest cover has significant socioecological implications, including improved biodiversity connectivity, enhanced ecosystem services such as water regulation and carbon sequestration, and the potential for alternative livelihoods like ecotourism. The study recommends continuous monitoring and research to assess the emerging land cover’s composition and its similarity to the reserve’s northern and southern blocks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and assessment of a regional water poverty index (WPI) model for Dhanbad Municipal Corporation (DMC), Eastern India","authors":"Jaydev Kumar Mahato,&nbsp;Suraj Kumar,&nbsp;Brahmdeo Yadav,&nbsp;Shivam Saw,&nbsp;Nitin Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12284-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12284-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coal mining activities exacerbate water contamination and scarcity in the vicinity of the respective region. In this study, a regional water poverty index (WPI) model was developed to assess the water stress situation of Dhanbad Municipal Corporation (DMC). The groundwater quality of DMC was assessed by collecting samples from 17 spatially distributed GIS-based locations. The cationic and anionic chemistry of groundwater showed the dominancy calcium (Ca²⁺) followed by magnesium (Mg²⁺) &gt; sodium (Na⁺) &gt; potassium (K⁺), and sulphate (SO₄²⁻) followed by chloride (Cl⁻) &gt; nitrate (NO₃-) &gt; fluoride (F⁻), respectively. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of heavy metals and hydrogeochemical facies was investigated using ArcGIS 10.3 (MAP) and Origin (version 3.7) analytical tools. The concentration of Fe in groundwater of DMC varied from 216 to 2699 µg/L, surpassing BIS’s guideline value (300 µg/L). The estimated non-carcinogenic risks based on hazard index (HI) value were found to be higher in children (1.07E-01 to 5.55E-01) than in adults (1.04E-01 to 2.24E-01). The result of the present study is important for designing remediation scenarios for water scarcity and contamination in mining regions.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning algorithms for FCB (fractional cycle bias) estimation in PPP ambiguity resolution","authors":"Furkan Karlitepe,&nbsp;Bahattin Erdogan","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12276-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12276-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study introduces a novel machine learning–based framework for estimating fractional cycle biases (FCBs) to enhance ambiguity resolution in precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution (PPP-AR). While previous studies have relied on traditional models such as the single difference between satellites (SDBS) technique, our work is the first to modify this model by integrating supervised learning algorithms—specifically support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF)—to improve the precision of FCB estimation. The key novelty lies in enabling accurate estimation of even low-magnitude FCB values, which has a direct impact on shortening the convergence time—a known limitation of PPP techniques. Experimental evaluations using real GNSS datasets demonstrate that the SVM-based model significantly outperforms both RF and traditional SDBS approaches in FCB estimation accuracy. These findings establish a new direction for improving PPP-AR performance using data-driven methods, making the approach highly relevant for real-time geodetic and navigation applications where rapid convergence is critical.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of 2D electrical resistivity tomography to recognize groundwater salinity sources relevant to the Messinian salinity crisis, Kert aquifer, NE of Morocco","authors":"Mohammed Elgettafi,&nbsp;Abdennabi Elmandour,&nbsp;Mahjoub Himi,&nbsp;Juan M. Lorenzo,&nbsp;Albert Casas","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12280-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12280-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Groundwater salinization poses a growing threat to water security and sustainable development in arid regions, particularly in northeastern Morocco. In the Kert Basin, increasing salinity levels compromise groundwater quality, especially in the southern and eastern areas, where total dissolved solids (TDS) exceed 12,000 mg/L. This study employs 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to characterize subsurface salinity patterns and investigate the geological and hydrological processes influencing salinization. A total of 20 resistivity profiles were acquired across the basin, with 12 selected for detailed analysis. The results reveal a clear spatial correlation between electrical resistivity and measured groundwater salinity. Low resistivity zones (&lt; 20 Ωm) are associated with highly mineralized waters and Miocene marls, particularly in the east and south, whereas higher resistivity values (&gt; 100 Ωm) in the northwest correspond to fresher water conditions (TDS &lt; 600 mg/L). The study identifies two major sources of salinity: (1) the dissolution of evaporite minerals within the Miocene marls and (2) possible infiltration from the Kert River, which shows elevated electrical conductivity (3828 µS/cm) during seasonal flow. These findings align with previous hydrochemical and isotopic studies and underscore the value of ERT as a non-invasive method for delineating saline and fresh groundwater zones. By enhancing the understanding of subsurface salinization processes, this research contributes to the sustainable management of water resources in the context of climate-induced aridity and historical geological events such as the Messinian Salinity Crisis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}