Arabian Journal of Geosciences最新文献

{"title":"Provenance and paleoenvironment of the Albian-Lower Turonian detrital deposits in the northern part of the Coastal Douala sub-basin (Cameroon)","authors":"Christel Sobdjou-Kemteu,&nbsp;René Toyama,&nbsp;Milan Stafford Tchouatcha,&nbsp;Usman Abubakar,&nbsp;Soureiyatou Fadil-Djenabou,&nbsp;Abakar Mahamat,&nbsp;Elvis Duplex Kenne Kalguem,&nbsp;Gabriel Ngueutchoua,&nbsp;Simon Ngos III","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12228-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12228-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Douala sub-basin is a coastal basin located in the heart of the Guinea Gulf. The study area is located in the North part of this basin, and the study deposits are detrital of Albian-Cenomanian to Lower Turonian age. The geochemical data reveal that the studied sediments from both sides of the Mungo River consist mainly of Shales associated with Wacke, rare arkoses and sub-arkoses originated mainly from intermediate rocks composition according to the SiO₂ vs. Al₂O₃/TiO₂ plot, high LREE/HREE ratios (11.25 to 38.48) and slight positive or no to positive Eu anomalies (0.99 to 1.36). The CIA (Chemical Index of Alteration) and ICV (Index of Compositional Variability) values ranging respectively from 67.00 to 83.42 and from 0.37 to 1.12 suggest that these sediments are globally mature and were mainly deposited in a fluvio-deltaic to shallow marine or marginal environments as indicate the sequential analysis, associated with palynological content, with continental (e.g., <i>Ephedripites</i> sp. and <i>Integritetradites</i> sp,) and marine (e.g., microforaminiferal test lining) species. The tectonic setting diagram suggests collision tectonic events that are inconsistent with the classic geological history of the Atlantic Basin margin, but consistent with the geological history of the basement. The deposits from the both sides of the Mungo River are separated each other’s during the evolution of the South Atlantic at the Cenozoic period by the Precambrian fault reactivations. The geological history of the Douala sub-basin is similar to those of Nigerian and Brazilian East costal basins, with marine transgression on both sides of the South Atlantic Ocean and the sediment lithology is related to the source rock lithology varying along the coastal areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of organochlorine pesticides and diuron (urea pesticide) in the sediments of Prydz Bay, East Antarctica","authors":"Princy Mundackal John,&nbsp;Vellorkirakathil Narayana Sanjeevan,&nbsp;Anil Kumar Narayanapillai,&nbsp;Anu Gopinath","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12247-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12247-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study provides crucial insights into the extent and impact of human activity on Antarctic ecosystems by shedding light on previously unexplored contamination patterns in one of the earth’s most pristine environments. In modern periods, several pesticides have been developed worldwide, applied, and released into the environment. As a result, information regarding occurrence patterns and spatial variability is limited to easily accessible regions, and only a finite number of research have been published from the remote Antarctic region. Seven surface sediments were collected from Prydz Bay, East Antarctica, by which four organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were detected along with the presence of a herbicide diuron. The concentration of diuron (range BDL-16.57 ng/g) is several times higher than other OCPs. In the case of OCPs, the highest concentrations were for p,p′ DDD (BDL-0.42 ng/g), followed by dichloran (BDL-0.17 ng/g), BHC β (BDL-0.09 ng/g), and then HCB (BDL-0.02 ng/g).\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of fault planes and seismic hazard distribution maps using GIS-based 3D modeling algorithms for a seismic risk mitigation study in Egypt","authors":"Ibrahim Djamaluddin,&nbsp;Poppy Indrayani,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Meneisy","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12252-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12252-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although Egypt is generally considered an area of low to medium seismicity, it has experienced recurring destructive earthquakes throughout its history. The distribution of damage is significantly influenced by fault geometry and local site effects. Consequently, assessing seismic hazards has become a major challenge in effectively mitigating seismic risk. This study aims to develop a geographic information system (GIS)-based three-dimensional (3D) modeling framework to enhance seismic hazard assessments in Egypt, a region of low to medium seismicity that has historically faced destructive earthquakes. The research focuses on integrating fault-specific parameters, geological data, and local site effects into deterministic seismic hazard models. Using 3D fault modeling algorithms, fault plane geometries are generated based on fault traces, geological features, and topography. To account for local site effects, a 3D grid-mesh system models ground motion velocity amplification, incorporating average shear-wave velocity and a soil susceptibility map. The developed methodology is then applied to simulate seismic hazard maps for the October 12, 1992, Dahshour earthquake; the October 11, 1999, Beni Suef earthquake; and a scenario analysis for a maximum expected magnitude 6.5 Dahshour earthquake. Validation of the 1992 Dahshour earthquake simulation against observed isoseismal maps and damage evidence demonstrates the model’s reliability in reproducing high-intensity zones (MMI = VII–VIII). The scenario-based analysis highlights high-risk areas vulnerable to liquefaction and significant ground motion amplification, underscoring the critical need for updated building codes and disaster mitigation strategies. Despite data limitations, the GIS-based 3D modeling framework serves as a robust tool for detailed seismic hazard assessments, helping local governments and planners identify high-risk zones, prioritize mitigation efforts, and enhance disaster preparedness in Egypt and similar regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on the effect of stress and water content on resilient modulus of unsaturated subgrade soil: implications for pavement design","authors":"Mulugeta Damtew Amare,&nbsp;Tompai Zoltan,&nbsp;Lemlem Abebaw Asaye,&nbsp;Yasir Mahmood","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12246-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12246-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Subgrade soils possess essential mechanical properties that influence the load-bearing capacity and deformation behavior of pavements. This directly impacts pavement structural performance and longevity. This paper presents the experimental results on determining the factors affecting the resilient modulus (Mr) of a subgrade soil as determined by the triaxial loading machine. A silty sand subgrade soil, tested in its unsaturated form to represent site conditions, was subjected to characterization and cyclic loading tests. The variables considered for this research are deviatoric and constant stress, confining stress, and water content. The Mr is highly dependent on the deviatoric stress, confining pressure, and water content. The shear stress test result at the end of each cyclic loading shows that the soils at the optimum water content level show better shear resistance and elastic deformation below certain stress levels. In contrast, soils in the other moisture levels show complete plastic deformation. Moreover, while confining stress enhances Mr, deviatoric stress reduces it.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12517-025-12246-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical and petrological characterization of listwaenite from Oman and Iran ophiolites: implications for hydrothermal carbonation and silicification alteration processes","authors":"Sobhi Nasir,&nbsp;Kamal Noori Khankahdani,&nbsp;Abdel Rahman Nasir","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12244-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12244-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Listwaenites (carbonated/silicified ultramafic rocks) are widely spread in the Semail Ophiolite of Oman, mainly in Fanja rea and in Islam Abad area of the Neyriz Ophiolite of Iran. Listwaenite is gaining worldwide interest due to their possible economic value as gold bearing rocks and assessing the global carbon sequestration and flux. This work presents new petrographic and geochemical data of listwaenite from Fanja and Islam Abad area and estimates the physical and chemical conditions of their formation. Three types of listwaenite are known to occur within ophiolites worldwide, and these include silica-, carbonate-, and silica-carbonate. Typical minerals which are usually known to occur in these listwaenite include dolomite, ankerite, calcite, magnesite, quartz, iron oxides, relict chromite grains ± talc and serpentine. Calcite- and magnesite-dolomite listwaenite is more abundant in the Fanja area, while dolomite listwaenite is more abundant in Islam Abad area. The major element chemistry of the different types of listwaenite in both Fanja and Islam Abad area is largely similar to that of altered ultramafic rocks and listwaenites from other ophiolites occurrences. In comparison to the primary mantle and chondrite spider diagrams, the Islam Abad listwaenite shows higher trace and REE elements abundance than those from the Fanja area. The variable and high abundances of Ca, Mg, Ba, Zr, Sr, Pb, Zn, Mo, and W in the carbonate- and silica-carbonate listwaenite indicate a hydrothermal source from the sedimentary and metamorphic units of the Arabian Platform underlaying the listwaenite. Depletion and enrichment of major and trace elements in the listwaenite are indicative of large fluctuations in major and trace element mobility, where listwaenite preserves different stages of gradual alteration of their ultramafic protoliths. The listwaenite content of CaO, SiO₂, and MgO depends on the stage of listwaenite formation, in which carbonate listwaenite is formed in the first stage, progressing to silica-carbonate listwaenite in the final stage. The listwaenite in Islam Abad and Fanja area was altered to different stages by hydrothermal alteration of serpentinite and harzburgite along Late Cretaceous thrust and Paleocene-Miocene extensional faults and shear zones, which acted as pathway for trace elements and Ca and/or Si rich fluids at different times probably during subduction and/or post obduction stages.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving iron ore blending using radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) for enhanced steel production in Egypt","authors":"Hamdy A. M. Sayedahmed","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12209-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12209-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ores are vital to the economies of developing countries, significantly contributing to growth and industrialization. In Egypt, iron ore is particularly impactful, forming the backbone of the country’s mineral sector. Among the stages of iron processing, blending is crucial as it directly affects the final quality of the processed iron. Currently, blending is done manually by mineral researchers who analyze samples, set blending specifications, and create blends, often compromising the overall quality. This study proposes the use of an artificial neural network (ANN) model, specifically the radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), to classify blend quality in Egypt’s Aswan region. The model, powered by the radial basis function (RBF), efficiently handles large datasets and reduces the costs of achieving optimal blending. Using expert-judged “best blend” data for analysis and prediction, the RBFNN model demonstrates superior performance in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score compared to traditional methods. Additionally, a thorough analysis of iron ores was conducted during deployment, confirming the model’s effectiveness in identifying and improving blend quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of reference evapotranspiration estimates by several models in the region of Western São Paulo Plateau (Brazil)","authors":"Maurício Bruno Prado da Silva,&nbsp;Valter Cesar de Souza,&nbsp;Caroline Pires Cremasco,&nbsp;Marcus Vinícius Contes Calça,&nbsp;Cícero Manoel dos Santos,&nbsp;Camila Pires Cremasco,&nbsp;Luís Roberto Almeida Gabriel Filho,&nbsp;Sergio Augusto Rodrigues,&nbsp;João Francisco Escobedo","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12240-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12240-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evapotranspiration is the way in which water from the Earth’s surface passes into the atmosphere in the vapor state and plays an important role in the global hydrological cycle. Reliable and direct measurement of evapotranspiration is a high-cost activity in the implementation of techniques and equipment maintenance. This study sought to compare the estimates of reference evapotranspiration made by means of multiple regression and machine learning techniques for the region of the Western São Paulo Plateau. The results showed good performances for estimating the reference evapotranspiration through multiple regression and machine learning techniques. The two methods that presented the best performance were the multilayer perceptron method (ETo-MLP, rRMSE = 0.62%) and the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ETo-ANFIS; rRMSE = 0.75%), both machine learning techniques. Machine learning models are more convenient and comparatively faster to implement than other models, especially when climate data are limited. The results can be applied to the area of water resource management, especially to help estimate evapotranspiration for irrigation and water balancing. In addition, the results of this study can also be applied to predict crop productivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemometric quantification of trace element impurities within kaolin and talc white clay minerals in Kutch and Banas-Mahi basin, India","authors":"Prashant Shriram Wagh,&nbsp;Ravishankar Kumar,&nbsp;Sanjeev Bhasin,&nbsp;Pawan Pal","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12242-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12242-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The unique properties of kaolin-talc white clays such as hydration, plasticity, rheological, color, and adsorption capacities are affected by the existence of elemental/trace metal impurities. A systematic and comprehensive study regarding elemental/trace metal impurities in kaolin and talc is lacking. Thus, the present study investigated elemental impurities in kaolin and talc and their source apportionment pattern. For this concern, a total of 50 kaolin samples from the Bhuj area of the Kutch basin (Gujarat, India) and 30 talc samples from the Mahi-Banas basin of Rajasthan (Bhilwara, Udaipur, and Dungarpur) were analyzed. The major trace element impurities such as lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) were detected in kaolin-talc clays from inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) technique. Further, the source apportionment study was carried out by using multivariate analyses such as principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and Pearson correlation matrix (PCM). The results indicated that the mean concentrations of trace elements Cr, Pb, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cu, and As in kaolin were 114, 57.82, 33.31, 20.36, 16.51, 10.98, and 0.05 mg/kg, respectively, whereas 2.53, 0.63, 159, 5.05, 20.11, 1.22, and 11.23 mg/kg, correspondingly, in talc samples. However, the toxic elemental impurity level was low as compared to Indian and European Union standards for soils. The present study explores the existence of major trace elemental impurities in kaolin-talc clays. Furthermore, the multivariate analyses described that the major sources of existing elemental impurities are attributed as being from different geogenic sources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequence stratigraphy, sea-level dynamics, and syn-sedimentary tectonic evolution of the Late Cretaceous/Paleocene basin on the western shoulder of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt","authors":"Abdalla M. El Ayyat,&nbsp;Nageh A. Obaidalla","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12214-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12214-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Upper Cretaceous-Lower Paleogene successions (up to 120 m) consists of fine-grained siliciclastic and carbonate outcrops in the northeastern Desert of Egypt. It extends along the eastern escarpment face of the Southern Galala Plateau on the western shoulder of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Depending on the stratigraphic range of the index planktonic foraminiferal species, several biozones are defined ranging in age from Late Cretaceous to Early Paleogene. The studied stratigraphic record includes five third-order depositional sequences, which are confined by eight sequence boundaries and their correlative conformities. Each sequence includes an early retrogradational parasequence suit topped by a marine-flooding surface and a late progradational parasequence suit covered by a sequence boundary. Herein, the lowstand systems tracts were not formed because of the low-relief of the ramp status. Sequential analyses for the study area will contribute significantly to the sub-surface geology of the northern part of the Eastern Desert in Egypt, which is viewed as a potential source rocks and hydrocarbon reservoirs. Comparison of the regional sequences with the eustatic curve including uncertainties, nevertheless, a few of the sea-level changes recorded might be tied to eustatic sea-level oscillations. It is important to state that the present study was conducted in an area that was tectonically active during the Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene and experienced major uplifting during this interval.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of particulate matter (PM10, PM5, PM2.5, and PM1) concentrations at significant intersections in Douala-Cameroon city using low-cost sensors","authors":"Yannick Cédric Ngangmo,&nbsp;Cyrille Mezoue Adiang","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12239-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12239-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The uneven PM exposure in urban areas poses problems and gives rise to models of detrimental health impacts. Low-cost sensors like the OC-300 Laser Gas and Dust Particle Detector allow for the continuous and simultaneous measurement of the particle concentration at different places within the study area. Measurements of ambient PM were conducted from January to March 2023 in order to assess the temporal and geographical variability of PM as well as the relative importance of traffic in relation to the concentration of outdoor PM in Douala. The analyses were performed using statistical methods. The study found that, on an hourly and daily average, PM₁, PM_2.5, PM₅, and PM₁₀ concentrations, in particular, range 24–127 µg/m³, 44–210 µg/m³, 48–225 µg/m³, and 50–240 µg/m³, respectively. Diffuse concentrations are found at locations with significant concentrations of pollutants, according to spatial mapping (Q3, Carrefour Ndokoti; Q5, Carrefour PK14). PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 particle air quality indices fall into the bad and extremely poor categories. For Q3 and Q5, the PM_2.5 air quality index is 660.86% and 580.46%, respectively. In contrast, Q3 and Q5 PM₁₀ levels are 264.97% and 231.37%, respectively. While Q5’s high concentrations are caused by the phenomenon of re-suspension brought on by the presence of unpaved roads, Q3’s high concentrations are the result of the area’s significant traffic. According to the study, the levels of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ are five and eleven times higher, respectively, than the most recent WHO limits for daily exposure. This study provides important information on the pollution levels in Douala, which should be considered since they could be a major cause of illness in the area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}