Arabian Journal of Geosciences最新文献

{"title":"Role of the spontaneously occurring vegetation on remediation of potential metal polluted soil: a case study in the landfill site of Ziama Mansouriah, north-eastern Algeria","authors":"Abderrezak Krika,&nbsp;Hizir Fouzia,&nbsp;Fouad Krika","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12194-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12194-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this study was to assess the accumulation of heavy metals in spontaneously occurring vegetation and soil at the Ziama Mansouriah landfill site in Algeria. The plants selected for analysis were <i>Mentha spicata</i>, <i>Silybum marianum</i>, <i>Dittrichia viscosa</i>, and <i>Pteridium aquilinum</i>. Soil samples were collected randomly from the surface at a depth of 0–40 cm and analyzed for physicochemical parameters. The heavy metal concentrations (Cd and Zn) in soils and aboveground phytomass were measured using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The physicochemical analysis showed that the pH ranged from 7.65 to 7.87, electrical conductivity (EC) ranged from 37.10 to 49.10 mS.cm⁻¹, organic matter (OM) ranged from 3.89 to 4.45%, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) ranged from 324.10 to 341.20 cmol⁺.kg⁻¹. The soils were found to have a clay texture. The concentrations of Cd and Zn in the soil ranged from 2.70 to 3.54 and 289.3 to 306.6 µg.g⁻¹, respectively, which were all above the permissible limits. The contamination/pollution index showed that soil quality varied between severely contaminated and slightly polluted status. Significant differences were observed in the average concentrations of the two metals in plants (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The results indicated that <i>Mentha spicata</i> was the most effective in taking up metals and had a higher transfer coefficient (TC) of Cd and Zn, indicating its higher accumulation ability compared to the other species.</p>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of open pit mine design with a focus on the Dichinama marble resource in Western Tigray, Ethiopia","authors":"Assefa Hailesilasie Wolearegay,&nbsp;Yowhans Birhanu Amare,&nbsp;Asmelash Abay Hagos,&nbsp;Kassa Amare Mesfin,&nbsp;Hagos Abraha,&nbsp;N. Rao Cheepurupalli,&nbsp;Yewuhalashet Fissha","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12200-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12200-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The northern region of Ethiopia, particularly the Dichinama locality, holds significant potential for marble resources. Saba Dimension Stone Private Limited Company is currently mining at three key locations in this region: Lidge, Ela-wedizare, and Dugub. However, the company faced challenges with the existing mine layout, which resulted in decreased production capacity. To address this, a comprehensive research initiative was conducted to assess the current mine design and develop a new open-pit layout. The study included geological mapping, rock characterization, sampling, laboratory testing, and geotechnical evaluations, alongside an in-depth analysis of geological formations such as joints, faults, and shear zones. Geotechnical techniques, including rock mass rating (RMR), rock quality designation (RQD), and slope mass rating (SMR), were utilized to inform the development of the new mine design. The findings from the laboratory tests and geotechnical analysis were applied to create a revised mine layout. The new open-pit design has led to significant improvements in production and recovery rates. Specifically, production volumes are projected to increase from 9976 to 12,470 m3 at Ela-wedizare, from 36,150 to 45,187.5 m3 at Lidge, and from 4620 to 5775 m3 at Dugub. Recovery rates are also expected to improve, from 20.5 to 25.6% at Ela-wedizare, from 23.4 to 29.3% at Lidge, and from 35.7 to 44.6% at Dugub. This research underscores the importance of advanced geological and geotechnical approaches in optimizing mining procedures and improving operational efficiency in the Dichinama marble resource region. The implementation of the new design has helped Saba Dimension Stone Private Limited Company overcome prior obstacles, achieving substantial gains in both productivity and recovery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closed-form solution for planar failure in rock slopes with an inclined upper surface using Barton-Bandis and Mohr–Coulomb models","authors":"Mahieddine Chettah,&nbsp;Zakaria Gahmousse,&nbsp;Rachid Lassoued","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12197-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12197-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rock slope stability, having a plane mode of failure, can be assessed by different methods. The traditional analytical approaches used in the analysis are limited to those in which the upper slope surface is horizontal and the tension crack is inclined, and generally imply the resolution of nonlinear equations which require an exhaustive calculation. The aim of this study is to develop a systematic analytical solution for estimating the safety factor of a rock slope with an inclined upper surface. By employing the basic assumptions of the limit equilibrium method, simplified expressions considering the nonlinear Barton-Bandis and linear Mohr–Coulomb failure criteria were proposed to analyze the stability of a slope with no tension cracks and sliding on a planar failure surface. Furthermore, some other expressions for the normal stress, length of the planar failure line, and self-weight of the block masses are presented. Finally, the relationships between the derived closed-form solutions and some main parameters, such as the height, cohesion, total unit weight, internal friction angle, slope face angle, failure plane angle, basic friction angle, joint roughness coefficient, and joint compressive strength and upper surface angle, are illustrated with typical examples. These results are in good agreement with practical case studies in literature and numerical simulation results. This method can be effectively utilized in rock and soil slope engineering to provide a reference for preventing and controlling planar slope failure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143184789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petrophysical evaluation and 3D reservoir modeling in Qawasim Formation, El Basant Gas Field, Nile Delta, Egypt: insights from well-log analysis and 2D seismic data","authors":"Ahmed Sedki,&nbsp;Mohamed Abd Elkhalek Mahmoud Abdelhady,&nbsp;Hany Elsayed Ahmed,&nbsp;Mohamed Reda","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12174-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12174-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research focuses on characterizing the Late Miocene Qawasim Formation in the El Basant Gas Field, located in the Eastern part of the East Nile Delta onshore, 12.5 km south of El Manzala Lake, covering approximately 30.66 km². By integrating well-log analysis from five wells and seismic data interpretation from 30 2D seismic lines, this study identifies opportunities for enhancing our understanding of the subsurface geology, reservoir characterization, and reservoir potential of the El Basant Gas Field. The study area is characterized by step normal faults oriented northeast-southwest and northwest-southeast. Lithological analysis reveals abundant shale and sandstone facies, indicating significant gas potential. Petrophysical analysis confirms the Qawasim Formation as the primary reservoir, with a net pay thickness of about 23 m, effective porosity of around 34%, and hydrocarbon saturation of about 52%. A detailed 3D model assessed the influence of structural setting, facies, and petrophysical properties on the Qawasim Formation. Integrating these findings, two highly prospective locations were identified, with estimated Gas Initial In Place (GIIP) values of approximately 29.563 million cubic feet.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143184788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tectonic setting, paleoweathering, and maturity of beach sediments along the West Atlantic Coast of Cameroon","authors":"Patrick Mendi Wajiba,&nbsp;Christopher M. Agyingi,&nbsp;Edwin Ayuk Ndip,&nbsp;Philip Fralick,&nbsp;Linus Anye Nche,&nbsp;Eric Ekoko Bokanda,&nbsp;Fidelis Esue Mokake,&nbsp;Edouard Biboum Olivier Ntomb,&nbsp;Nfomou Ntepe","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12186-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12186-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Grain size parameters and major, trace, and rare earth elements of beach sands along the west Atlantic coast of Cameroon between the coastal basins and the Cameroon Volcanic Line were evaluated to decipher their source, weathering, depositional conditions, textural maturity, and tectonic settings with the application of new formulae. Grain size analysis shows that most of the sediments are fine to medium-grained, moderately sorted to well sorted, and deposited in moderate to low energy environments with clear fluvial and beach signatures. Log(Fe₂O₃/K₂O) vs log (SiO₂/Al₂O₃) indicates that most of the sediments are iron sands while trace element plots such as 10*Th/Co, Cr/Th, 100*Th/Sc, Th/Yb, and 10*La/Co indicate mafic to intermediate sources for most of the sediments. This is further confirmed by rare earth elements (REE) normalized patterns revealing enriched light rare earth elements (LREEs) over heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) by moderate amounts, positive Eu anomalies from Post Archean Australian Shale (PAAS), and upper continental crust (UCC) normalized plots. Newly developed indices CIX and PIX, from elimination of CaO, suggest moderate to high weathering intensity which conforms with the climatic conditions of Cameroon. La/Yb chondrite normalized vs Zr plots positioned a significant portion of the sediments in a mantle environment, with minimal zircon enrichment. The volcaniclastic sands were identified as first cycle, non-recycled sediments. High ICV values (ICV &gt; 1) indicate that most of the sands are immature, but the newly introduced ICV_new, whereby oxides of Fe and Ca are eliminated, shows that some of the sediments are mature and recycled, confirmed also by SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratios especially at the tail ends of the study area. DF(A-P)M and DF (A-P)MT plots indicate that the sediments are of the passive margin setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of climate change on rainfall variability in Central Tunisian highlands and planning challenges","authors":"Islem Saadaoui","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12176-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12176-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines rainfall patterns in Central Tunisia’s highlands using 60 years of data from 21 stations. By analyzing both monthly and yearly rainfall data, the research investigates how precipitation varies across space and time. Interestingly, a “downward approach” was used, starting with simpler analyses of yearly data, and progressing to incorporate more detailed monthly information. The analysis revealed that while most areas saw an increase in the intensity of rainfall events, some low-altitude semi-arid areas experienced more frequent dry spells. This suggests a potential rise in drought risk for these specific locations. Additionally, the study highlights significant spatial variability in rainfall patterns across the region, with a decrease from east to west and north to south. This irregularity may impact land use and hinder planning strategies in these regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive sustainability analysis of installed commercial solar energy parks: a temporal and spatial machine learning assessment","authors":"Manish Mathur,&nbsp;Preet Mathur","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12195-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12195-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The pre-installation assessment criteria for solar energy parks have been simulated through a variety of machine learning algorithms, with predictors categorized into three different climatic time frames (present, 2050, and 2070 bio-climatic time frames) and four distinct Socio-Economic Emission Scenarios, namely, RCPs 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5, which represent projections for future levels of radiative forcing and greenhouse gas emissions W/m². A promising new location identification was speedily achieved through the development of an ensemble distribution model using a machine learning algorithm. The total capacity (in MW) and covered area of 78 different solar parks across India from various agro-climatic zones were examined (Sq. KM). Predictions about the future viability of existing solar parks are made in this study, and the best places for new ones are suggested. It was found that 2.08% of India’s total land area, or 68,369.69 sq. km, is optimum for solar parks, given the existing climatic, solar, and land cover characteristics. Across the board, the optimal locations were increased for RCPs 2.6 (3.87% of India’s total land area), 4.5 (2.72%), and 8.5 (4.47%) by 2050. Upward trends were similarly observed in the RCP 2.6 (3.40) and RCP 6.0 (2.27%) for 2070. Solar parks are considered ideal in the western half of the country, while more moderate locations are expected to emerge in the west, south-west, and central India.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic Q revisited","authors":"Ayman N. Qadrouh,&nbsp;José M. Carcione,&nbsp;Mamdoh Alajmi,&nbsp;Jing Ba","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12202-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12202-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper revisits the theories of <i>Q</i> (quality factor) as a measure of the attenuation and velocity dispersion of a wave field. <i>Q</i> is a dimensionless measure of energy loss per cycle, and a proper understanding is important in a variety of fields, from seismology, geophysical prospecting to acoustics of materials. Measurements for standing modes and propagating waves differ and yield the temporal and spatial <i>Q</i>, respectively. This distinction is largely ignored in the literature. The relationship between these <i>Q</i>s is investigated for a power-law stress–strain relation based on spatial fractional derivatives that describes the behavior of compressional waves when combined with the conservation of momentum equation. In addition, the relationship between the quality factors for low-loss media proposed by Knopoff et al. 60 years ago is verified.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bissa Gold mineralization in the Sabcé district, Goren belt (Burkina Faso, West African Craton): implication of arsenic in the concentration of visible and invisible gold in pyrites","authors":"Yacouba Ouedraogo,&nbsp;Hermann Ilboudo,&nbsp;Pascal Ouiya,&nbsp;Wilfried Antoine Bassou Toe,&nbsp;Séta Naba","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12191-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12191-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Bissa orogenic gold deposit is located at the contact between basic (basalt) and felsic (dacite) volcanic formations through intermediates (andesite) and graphite-intercalated sandstone-pelitic sedimentary formations. This green schist facies metamorphosed ensemble is hosted by the 15-km-long Sabcé shear zone within the Goren greenstone belt. Field investigations combined with fine microscopy enable us to define the mineralization host formations, deformation phases, and hydrothermal alteration in the Sabcé zone. The host formations (metabasalt, metasediments, metagabbro, metadacite) are affected by two deformation phases. The first deformation phase, D_1B, is a shear-type deformation that globally controls mineralization. It is taken up by the D_2B, which has a ductile-breaking deformation. The hydrothermal alteration with which the mineralization is associated is white quartz-mica-pyrite ± carbonate ± arsenopyrite, crystallization of which was manifested by veins/veinlets subparallel to parallel to D_1B. Various electron microprobe, scanning electron microscope, and LA-ICP-MS analyses show that visible gold is present in type I and II pyrites as inclusions or as microfracture fillers. LA-ICP-MS shows that in type I and II pyrites, where no visible gold is present, invisible gold is present in their distorted crystal structure as nanoparticles. The chemical association between Au-As controls the distribution of this couple in type I and II pyrites. This clearly shows that the limpid parts of arsenic-rich pyrites are where visible and invisible gold like to concentrate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of elastic settlement of rectangular footing using machine learning techniques","authors":"Rashid Mustafa,&nbsp;Ankit Anshuman","doi":"10.1007/s12517-025-12199-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-025-12199-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ensuring the structural integrity and safety of foundations depends on the accurate prediction of elastic settlement. In this study, machine learning (ML) techniques are used to predict the elastic or immediate settlement of a rectangular footing in cohesionless soil. Elastic settlement occurs when an imposed load compresses the soil initially beneath a footing, causing a drop in volume and subsequent settling of the soil as the particles reorganize and compress under pressure. The aim of this study is to propose a high-performance machine learning model to predict settlement. This study uses a dataset of 200 foundation settlements to compare the <i>K</i>-nearest neighbor (KNN), multi-layer perceptron (MLP), and support vector regression (SVR) techniques. Five input parameters are considered, namely foundation width (<i>B</i>), foundation length (<i>L</i>), foundation depth (<i>D</i>), load intensity (<i>q</i>), and average SPT blow count (<i>N</i>), which are used to predict the output. The predictive power of the models is assessed using various performance parameters, such as the coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²), Willmott’s index (WI), A-20 index, variance account factor (VAF), scatter index (SI), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and median absolute deviation (MAD). Additionally, other analyses are performed, including rank analysis, radar diagram, regression plot, reliability index, William’s plot, and error matrix, to assess the best predicting model. From this study, it is observed that the performance of SVR model is better due to its higher value of <i>R</i>² (tr = 0.879, ts = 0.784, and overall = 0.861) and the least value of RMSE (tr = 0.79, ts = 0.068, and overall = 0.101) while predicting the elastic settlement of the footing. To examine the influence of different input parameters on the output, sensitivity analysis is performed, revealing that <i>q</i> is the most influential parameter among all the inputs followed by <i>B</i>, <i>L</i>, <i>D</i>, and <i>N</i>-value.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}