Unveiling the dynamic interplay of biophysical, morphological, and temperature extremes in arid regions of Kuwait: Decoding sustainable urban resilience by utilizing remote sensing techniques

Abstract

In an era of increasing importance on sustainable urban ecosystems, this study examines arid region of Kuwait’s dramatic urban transformation over 20 years, highlighting the crucial collaboration between urban resilience, biophysical and morphological composition, land surface temperature (LST), and environmental sustainability. By utilizing the Landsat satellite imagery through geospatial and remote sensing techniques from 2003 to 2023, we identified significant trends in land use alterations and LST fluctuations at 6-year intervals. Our findings reveal a striking expansion of Kuwait’s built-up areas by 1246.51 km² (217.88%) over the study period, associated by a significant diminishing in water bodies (227.88 km², 58.40%), barren land (884.02 km², 5.48%), and vegetation (134.62 km², 45.58%). Urban zones consistently exhibit elevated temperatures above 54.70 °C, attributed to amplified built-up lands and diminished vegetation, barren land, and water bodies. This study underscores the intricate nexus between LST dynamics and biophysical indicators, offering valuable insights for formulating robust environmental mitigation strategies and urban planning interventions. By illuminating the multifaceted interplay among urbanization, environmental dynamics, and climate change, our research aims to empower policymakers, urban planners, and practitioners to implement adaptive measures crucial for preserving ecological integrity amidst rapid urbanization and a shifting climate landscape.