Arabian Journal of Geosciences最新文献

{"title":"Modeling groundwater level using geographically weighted regression","authors":"Yuganshu Badetiya,&nbsp;Mahesh Barale","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12051-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12051-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An economic development, crop production, and socioeconomic development highly dependent on the availability of groundwater resources in nearby areas. In order to manage groundwater sustainably, it is crucial to predict groundwater levels. Analysis of groundwater levels along with various influential factors becomes possible due to the availability of remotely sensed geospatial data. The spatially differing groundwater level is highly influenced by the geographical factors called influential factors as like elevation and slope. In the present study, we use the spatial regression and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models for predicting the groundwater level. The GWR model gives comparatively satisfactory results as compared to the three variants of the spatial regression models with lower Bayesian information criterion value (1101.04) and highest <span>(R^2)</span> value (0.84). It can be noted that the factors of vegetation index, drought index, elevation, and topographic position positively affect the groundwater level. While the factors of roughness, surface temperature, precipitation, and runoff are affected negatively. The current study highlights that GWR model is useful for exploring the spatial relationships between the different influencing factors and the groundwater level.</p><p>Prediction groundwater level using geographically weighted regression</p>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Late Oligocene–Early Pleistocene paleoclimatic pattern in the northeastern Sahara, Sohag Basin, Egypt: evidence from lithofacies and pedogenic features","authors":"Tawfiq Mahran","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12047-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12047-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The lithofacies and pedogenic features in the Late Oligocene–Early Pleistocene formations provide evidence of changing paleoclimate in the northeastern Sahara region. The strata of the Katkut Formation and the lower Member of the Madamud Formation consist predominantly of coarse and fine-grained siliciclastic lithofacies deposited by braided and sinuous streams that formed under the influence of humid paleoclimate during the Late Oligocene–Late Miocene time. Paleosol horizons with mature calcretes in the overlying upper member of the Madamud Formation suggest increasing aridity by the end of Late Miocene through Pliocene time. This trend of aridification continued during the Early Pleistocene lacustrine deposition of Issawia and Armant formations, as indicated by the predominance of palustrine carbonates displaying different pedogenic features. The climate change may have resulted from the southward movement of Asian monsoons and the uplifts of the Red Sea Mountain chains, as the African continent drifted northeastward. This paleoclimate transition generated variations in basin sedimentation rates that were controlled by base level and tectonics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying the effect of floods on transportation systems in desertic countries by estimation and comparison of two models: propensity score matching and difference-in-differences","authors":"Sharaf AlKheder","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12050-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12050-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transportation systems support economic activity by facilitating the mobility of people and goods. The main weather-related impact on the transportation industry is flooding, particularly due to heavy rainstorms. Therefore, considering the flooding in Kuwait that occurred in November 2018, this research aims to identify the effect of the floods on the transportation system by estimation and comparison of two models: propensity score matching and difference-in-differences. The impact of flooding has been verified for frequency, time of travel, and car expenses. The results showed that the parameters of the transportation system such as frequency of travel, its duration, and car expenses are significantly affected by the floods in a negative way. Moreover, floods are negatively associated with only two governates, which are Al Asimah Governate and Hawalli Governate. However, flood risk and expectation of flood severity have a significant positive impact on the flood experience. The propensity score matching was more reliable since it describes the data better. Based on experts’ opinion, the design of the roads is the main cause of flooding in Kuwait. It is recommended to construct precast box culvert to prevent floods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary Riedel faults in the Batouri region and inferences to major shear zones kinematics and gold mineralization","authors":"Madi Boukar,&nbsp;Mero Yannah,&nbsp;Bernard Njom,&nbsp;Temdjim Robert,&nbsp;Amidou Moundi,&nbsp;Roger Bissaya,&nbsp;Mabrouk Sami,&nbsp;Ndjigui P. Desiré,&nbsp;Douaa Fathy","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12049-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12049-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Pan-African domain of Batouri shows many generations of post-collisional granitoids emplaced between 640 and 500 Ma. They are affected by secondary Riedel faults systems R⁓N084E, R′⁓N016E P⁓N140E and T⁓N060E arranged into en-echelon systems oblique to the prominent Y shear bands directed N091E or to the related C′ or Y⁓N091E. The description and analysis of these brittle-ductile faults are based on classic structural geological methods, including structural surveys, analysis and stereographic projection of mesostructures (planar and linear fabrics) and microscopic observation. The results show two Riedel fault systems with two major bands, C′ and Y, oriented E-W with dextral and sinistral polarities. There are two shortening directions (Z) oriented: NW–SE, which accounts for dextral shear bands, and NE-SW, which develops the sinistral shear bands. The high values of dihedral angles (⁓78°–80°) between the R and R′ faults indicate a compressive tectonic regime of the basement, confirmed by the presence of the B_<i>n</i> and B_<i>n</i>+1 boudins stretching NE-SW and NW–SE. These faults likely interact with the neighbouring and regional scale CCSZ, which control gold mineralization in the Batouri granitoids. The mineralization is hosted by Qz-Fk veins in the R, R′, P and C′ Riedel faults. These mark the late-D₃ phase of deformation, which correlates with the nappes stacking event on the WAC at 600 Ma. The relative chronology of deformation at the regional scale suggests that gold mineralization is controlled by Qz-Fk veins in the R, R′, P and C′ Riedel faults, which correlate with the post-collisional phase of the CAFB around 585–580 Ma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An iterative workflow introduced to model complex heterogeneous reservoirs: an example from NEAG-2 Field, north Western Desert, Egypt","authors":"Ola Rashad,&nbsp;Ahmed Niazy El-Barkooky,&nbsp;Abd El-Moneim El-Araby,&nbsp;Mohamed El-Tonbary,&nbsp;Mohamed Zahran","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12041-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12041-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The challenge in modeling complex-heterogeneous reservoirs is to accurately represent dimensions, trends, and quality for each facies type and to avoid overestimating or underestimating the reservoir elements. NEAG-2 Field has a highly heterogeneous reservoir system of the Albian-Cenomanian age; it is the main reservoir system in the East Abu Gharadig Basin, and it is the main oil contributor in the north Western Desert of Egypt. Therefore, developing a water-tight model for such a complex system can act as an analog for any similar complex-heterogenous system worldwide. In the NEAG-2 Field, a representative reservoir model and dynamic simulation for its reservoir are required to restore the field’s production. The field has an excellent yet unique performance, and it recorded an average production rate of 9000 bbl/d from five producer wells in 2018. Since that peak, production has been declining, with a current total of 1390 bbl/d from four wells. This production behavior was not modeled nor predicted in the previous modeling trials. Therefore, we introduce a mature model to improve production forecasts and optimize recovery while giving an example of how the complex heterogeneous reservoirs should be properly modeled. An object-based geostatistical algorithm was applied in modeling the reservoir facies, and a truncated Gaussian algorithm was applied for the background (non-reservoir) facies. The property models were distributed using Gaussian simulation algorithms, with the guidance of variogram analysis. Three reservoir facies were distinguished, with specific geometry, orientation, and porosity–permeability characteristics to model their flow behavior. The highest-quality facies (type 1) were tidal channels, followed by moderate-quality (type 2) tidal sand bars, which had smaller lateral dimensions compared to the channels. The lowest quality sand facies (type 3) were embodied as mixed tidal flats. Each facies body, reservoir zone, and field segment was modeled distinctly to ensure a representative statistical range for each. The integrated workflow developed a flow-unit-based model that preserved the reservoir heterogeneity and fluid flow complexity, which improved the forecasting for reviving the field production. The final results of this static model were validated by the production data and the history matching of each well.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of groundwater potential zones, depth to water level and water level trend in Deori Tehsil, Central India: using geospatial techniques","authors":"Nanabhau Santujee Kudnar,&nbsp;Sandeep Tiwade","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12053-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12053-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The geospatial techniques are being used in this research to determine the depths, trends, water levels, and likely groundwater zones in the Deori Tehsil. In the research area, topography maps of India and water quality analysis are used to define physical parameters for the inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation method. The soil slopes from 150 to 300 m at this point. With the branches of Navegaon Mountain and Chichgarh Hills to the south of it, it is situated 302 m above sea level. The study shows that the pre-monsoon water levels in the deeper aquifer range from 5.7 to 14.85 mbgl in May 2021, and the post-monsoon water levels in the deeper aquifer range from 0.2 to 2.5 mbgl in November 2021. This study region has the highest drinkable water quality (41.27%), followed by excellent water (17.46%) and good water (23.81%). This is because there is not much urbanization in the area, the water quality is excellent, and there is developed agricultural land nearby. There, the quality of the water appears to have declined. It has a capacity of 30.16% for bad water, 7.94% for unsuitable water, and 20.63% for extremely poor water, all of which are good for drinking and farming.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Projected future changes in food insecurity hotspots over the IGAD region of Eastern Africa","authors":"Paulino Omoj Omay,&nbsp;Josiah M. Kinama,&nbsp;Nzioka J. Muthama,&nbsp;Christopher Oludhe,&nbsp;Guleid Artan,&nbsp;Zachary Atheru","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12044-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12044-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Food insecurity is a major issue in many parts of the world, driven by conflict, economic instability, environmental challenges, and poor governance processes. Understanding the impact of future rainfall extremes on areas already experiencing food insecurity is crucial. This study investigates how food insecurity hotspots (FIH), food crisis frequency, and duration will change in the near future (2021–2050) and far future (2071–2100) under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5). The study utilizes precipitation data from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) and FIH data from the NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). To calculate future exposure and vulnerability to FIH, as well as food crisis frequency and duration, weighted sum models were used. The results indicate that arid and semi-arid areas in northeastern Kenya, most of Somalia, zones in southeastern Ethiopia, most of Djibouti, and central and northern Sudan are highly vulnerable to future extreme rainfall events, an increase in FIH cases, and longer food crisis frequency and duration in the near future (2021–2050) and far future (2071–2100) under all scenarios. On the other hand, most districts in Uganda, southern and southwestern South Sudan, counties in western Kenya, and the majority of zones in western Ethiopia are projected to have very few FIH cases, low food crisis frequency, and duration in both the near and far future under all scenarios. These findings are crucial for early warning systems, humanitarian responses, and food security interventions. We recommend harnessing projected increases in rainfall for water harvesting in Kenya, as well as promoting cash and food crop production in central and western Ethiopia, central and northern Uganda, and most of South Sudan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12517-024-12044-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated geophysical and remote sensing investigations in hydrothermal mapping for orogenic gold mineralization in parts of Ife–Ilesa schist belt SW Nigeria—a case study","authors":"Daniel Oluwafunmilade Afolabi,&nbsp;Ayokunle Adewale Akinlalu,&nbsp;Sherif Olumide Sanusi","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12048-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12048-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents an integrated approach involving geophysical and remote sensing datasets in the identification of regions that have undergone hydrothermal alteration in the gold-hosted site of the Ife–Ilesa schist belt. Geophysical methods employed include the aeromagnetic and aeroradiometric data, while the remote sensing involved Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data. Derivatives such as analytic signal, total horizontal derivative, tilt derivative of the total horizontal derivative, and 3-D Euler deconvolution were applied on the aeromagnetic data for the mapping and delineation of structures guiding migration of hydrothermal and mineralizing fluids in the study area. Radiometric analyses involving K/eTh, Ideal K anomalies deviation (Kd), and F-parameter, including principal component analyses on ASTER to isolate Potassic, Argillic, Propylitic, and Phyllic alteration zones were performed to delineate hydrothermally altered zones. The lineament map showed that the study area is geodynamically active as evident by the presence of deep-seated intersecting structures with depths ranging from 189 to 899 m, principally trending NE–SW, which is an impression of the Pan–African orogeny. The fuzzy gamma operator 0.9 was thereafter used in the integration of aeroradiometric and ASTER data for the hydrothermal alteration map production. Subsequently, five classes ranging from background to very high alteration anomalies were derived using the concentration–area (C–A) fractal model from the hydrothermal alteration map. These classes reveal the pervasive styles of alteration in the study area. The study further revealed the close association of structures, granitoids, hydrothermal alteration, and orogenic gold deposits. Also, the flurry of mining activities in the southern flank of the study coincides with most of the hydrothermally mapped areas with the Prediction–area (P–A) plot showing 78% occurrence of orogenic gold deposits in 22% of the total area explored. This translates to high potential of orogenic gold mineralization in the study area. The study therefore concluded based on the validation result that hydrothermal alteration mapping is important in the mapping of orogenic gold deposit. Hence, unexplored areas particularly in the western and eastern flank of the study area where there are strong indications of hydrothermal alteration have good prospect for gold mineralization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Senegalo-Mauritanian basin: a new emerging oil and gas province in the West African passive margin","authors":"Ndeye Khady Ndiaye,&nbsp;Matthew Essien Nton,&nbsp;Cheikh Abdoul Kader Fofana,&nbsp;Thierno Seydou Ly,&nbsp;Arsene Frederic Boissy","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12040-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12040-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study presents a review of the Geology of the Senegalo-Mauritanian (S-M) sedimentary basin with a glance on stratigraphy, tectonic evolution, and integrated petroleum systems. The S-M basin is a typical Mesozoic-Cenozoic passive margin which opened westward from the Northwest African craton into the Atlantic Ocean. The basin overlies a Paleozoic sequence which represents part of the Taoudeni basin. Rifting and tectonic movements associated with the breakup of Gondwana and the formation of the Atlantic Ocean began in the Triassic and have led to a subdivision of the basin into three stages: pre-rift (Proterozoic-Paleozoic), syn-rift (Late Triassic-Middle Jurassic), and post-rift (Middle Jurassic-Present). Pre-rifting phase, made of sediments deposited between the Precambrian and Devonian, is mainly continental detrital rocks. The main deposits of the syn-rift stage are Triassic evaporites and Jurassic volcanic intrusion from the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP). The post-rift segment consists of an Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous carbonate platform overlain by a predominantly progradation and transgressive Cretaceous-Tertiary clastic sequence, up to 12,000 m thick in places. The S-M basin exhibits oil and gas potential. Indeed a total of three petroleum systems exist in the basin: the Lower Paleozoic Petroleum System (LPPS), the Subsalt Petroleum System (SSPS), and the Cretaceous-Tertiary Petroleum System (CTPS). Previous source rock analyses have shown a good quantity of total organic content (TOC) and type I kerogen; type I, II, and III for the LPPS and CTPS, respectively. The main reservoirs comprised fractured sandstone of Cambrian to Ordovician and Devonian, with good porosity up to 20%, karstified Oligocene limestone, and Maastrichtian and Miocene sandstones. The primary seals include the Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary marine mudstone and shale for these petroleum systems. Both stratigraphic and structural traps were derived from seismic profiles and included growth faults, slope truncation, turbidite-related traps, salt-related structures, carbonate bank deposits, and structures related to volcanism. Preserved extensional structures before the rifting and especially normal faults along the Paleozoic section have served as migration pathways for hydrocarbon in the Southern sub-basin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141923612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of indicators of climate change for three different decades in Australia","authors":"Evan Hajani","doi":"10.1007/s12517-024-12043-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12517-024-12043-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focused on assessing and analyzing meteorological characteristics based on rainfall and temperature data from eight stations in Australia over the past three decades (1991–2000, 2001–2010, and 2011–2020). A Mann–Kendall test, followed by Sen’s slope analysis, was conducted to evaluate the spatial and temporal patterns of the most common indicators of climate change. Several drought indices were used to monitor and detect drought occurrences in the study area. It was found that from 2011 to 2020, most stations recorded negative rainfall trends, with no significant trends overall. Northern Australia saw slight rainfall increases, the northeast had notable increases, and the southwest and southeast showed drying trends. Minimum temperatures increased in northern and northeastern Australia, with significant positive trends at some stations. Maximum temperatures showed slight increases, with several stations having significant positive trends. PET values were higher at stations with low rainfall and high temperatures. The results of the drought indices show a normal drought cycle that recurs every ten years. Additionally, the driest conditions were recorded in the most recent decade, with extreme dryness noted in 2011–2020 compared to previous decades, highlighting the complex and changing climate patterns in Australia with varying regional impacts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":476,"journal":{"name":"Arabian Journal of Geosciences","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.827,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}