Litho-structural–depth interpretation of high-resolution aeromagnetic, radiometric, and field data over Akiri area, Central Benue Trough, Nigeria: implications for hydrocarbon prospectivity

Abstract

Nigeria’s renewed efforts to increase its declining reserves by exploring oil and gas resources in Cretaceous sedimentary basins have led to the necessity to reevaluate hydrocarbon potentials in the Central Benue Trough. This study uses field data sets, satellite-based observations, organic geochemistry, aeroradiometric data, and aeromagnetic data to look at intrasedimentary volcanic formations and detailed aeromagnetic and radiometric data in the Akiri region of the Central Benue Trough. We apply various enhancement methodologies to chart the structural and stratigraphic layout of the basement and enhance depth delineation, extending from 55.17 m to approximately 6735 m. Among these techniques for improving things are the first vertical derivative, analytic signal, source parameter imaging, Euler deconvolution, 2D power spectrum, center for exploration targeting (grid and porphyry), ratio maps, ternary maps, percentage potassium (%K), percentage thorium (eTh), and radiometric analyses. The results show six lithological units, several magmatic intrusions, and undulating and highly faulted basement surfaces with horst and graben structures. We determine shale to be the principal source rock for hydrocarbon maturation. The Central Benue Trough’s center region has a higher potential for hydrocarbon occurrence. However, further geophysical (seismic and well) studies are necessary to accurately locate and evaluate possible hydrocarbon reserves. Field and organic geochemical validation confirm the existence of important mapped structures. This gives more evidence that oil and gas could be extracted from the coal and shale formations.