Ranajoy Bhattacharya, Sumona Islam, Daniel Miller, Dylan Brown, Nuha Akhtar, Marcus Pearlman, Robert Hay, Kenneth A Cornell, Jim Browning
{"title":"Fabrication and Characterization of a 10 × 10 cm Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Array.","authors":"Ranajoy Bhattacharya, Sumona Islam, Daniel Miller, Dylan Brown, Nuha Akhtar, Marcus Pearlman, Robert Hay, Kenneth A Cornell, Jim Browning","doi":"10.1109/tps.2025.3646554","DOIUrl":"10.1109/tps.2025.3646554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the development of a large area cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) array. The device consists of a parallel stack of 43 linear-discharge plasma elements that create a 10 cm × 10 cm treatment area. The CAP device is fabricated using low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) layers to create 10 cm long linear discharge channels (1.1 mm discharge gap) with embedded opposing silver metal electrodes. A 21 kHz AC voltage of 1.55 kVrms applied to the electrodes generates an Ar plasma between the plates, with the gas flow directing the reactive species toward the intended biological sample (bacteria biofilms, etc.) to affect the antimicrobial treatment. Internal ballast resistors (20 kΩ) were used on each side of the two electrode elements to improve discharge uniformity and to prevent large filamentary discharges. Typical element discharge currents were 3.5-4 mA with the total array current tested at 178 mA (rms) to provide optimal device uniformity at a 1.55 kV (rms), and an argon flow rate of 130 lpm. Further, the gas flow system was optimized to obtain a uniform plasma. Treatment of <i>Ps. fluorescence</i> bacterial biofilms on stainless steel coupons demonstrated a 91% decrease in colony forming units after 150 s of treatment with a 1.5 cm gap.</p>","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"54 2","pages":"496-502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147269368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Special Issue on Selected Papers from APSPT-14 May 2027","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2026.3651943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2026.3651943","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"54 1","pages":"352-352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11349680","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Special Issue on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2026.3651947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2026.3651947","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"54 1","pages":"351-351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11349682","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Special Issue on the 40th PSSI National Symposium on Plasma Science and Technology (PLASMA 2025)","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2026.3651945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2026.3651945","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"54 1","pages":"350-350"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11349678","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-Voltage Sources and Reactors for Nonthermal Plasma Applications: A Review of Designs, Fabrications, and Their Performances","authors":"Sushma Balanagu;Srikanth Allamsetty;Ambrish Devanshu","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3650163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3650163","url":null,"abstract":"Discharge plasma-based treatments for different applications, such as sterilization, surface decontamination, food processing, water, and air pollution control, have many advantages over conventional technologies. Nonthermal plasma (NTP) consists of energetic electrons, which in turn generates free radicals through interactions and triggers important chemical reactions. As a result, NTP is being preferred in a variety of domains but there are several technical challenges for its successful implementation. Researchers from different backgrounds: physics, chemistry, electrical, and chemical engineering, are working to understand various aspects of NTP treatments with different domain-specific objectives. It is required to form multidisciplinary research groups and study various procedures to increase the potency of these treatments. This article is intended to stand as a complete guide for budding researchers working on NTP applications, simultaneously attracting new researchers to this area, by providing total information regarding various high-voltage (HV) sources, discharge techniques, and reactor configurations available in the literature for different NTP treatments, along with their details: designs, fabrications, and performances.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"54 2","pages":"801-818"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146199208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Improved Calculation Method for Dynamic Characteristics of Electromagnetic Repulsion Mechanism Based on Series Armature Equivalence","authors":"Wenying Yang;Fansong Meng;Daoyi Wu","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3647270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3647270","url":null,"abstract":"The bypass switch is an important component for protecting the modular multilevel converter submodule in the flexible DC transmission system. Due to the low impedance of the flexible DC system, the fault current rises rapidly, imposing strict requirements on the closing speed of the bypass switch. As a linear actuator, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism (ERM) can be a solution for the mechanical part of the bypass switch. At present, the ERM is primarily designed and optimized by the finite element method (FEM) and the equivalent circuit method (ECM). However, the FEM suffers from limitations such as low computational efficiency, large resource consumption, and model modification, while the inductance and inductance gradient required by the ECM are difficult to obtain. Moreover, the ECM divides the armature into multiple regions, resulting in highly ill-conditioned inductance matrix and inductance gradient matrix, which increases the risk of numerical errors. In this regard, a series armature equivalent method (SAEM) is proposed in this article to calculate the dynamic characteristics of ERM. First, the principle of SAEM is introduced, and the formulas of the electrical parameters are given. The calculation accuracy of the electrical parameters is verified by the FEM. Then, the dynamic characteristics of the ERM calculated by the ECM, the SAEM, and the FEM, are compared with the experimental results. The results indicate that SAEM has similar accuracy to the ECM, and it has more advantages in numerical stability. In addition, the SAEM has more advantages in calculation efficiency than the ECM and the FEM.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"54 2","pages":"774-783"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146199234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advances in Laminar Plasma Torch Technology and Applications: A Review","authors":"Xiuquan Cao;Lijun Yan;Fa Zhang;Ling Luo;Guangzhong Hu;Yufeng Tang","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3643347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3643347","url":null,"abstract":"Due to its favorable jet characteristics, the laminar plasma torch has been proposed and developed extensively in recent decades. To clarify current research progress and future development trends of laminar plasma technology, this article systematically analyzes the evolution of laminar plasma torches and their applications. First, the origin of the laminar plasma jet is reviewed. Next, fundamental theories of plasma torch operation are outlined, followed by an examination of key structural design principles. Subsequently, the primary applications of laminar plasma torches in modern industries are highlighted. Finally, a critical discussion is presented on defining the laminar state of plasma jets. Based on these analyses, potential future directions for laminar plasma torch development are proposed.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"54 2","pages":"784-800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146199209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamza Ben Krid;Hamza Wertani;Aymen Hlali;Hassen Zairi
{"title":"Optimization of a Hybrid Graphene–Copper Terahertz Gas Sensor Using Machine Learning","authors":"Hamza Ben Krid;Hamza Wertani;Aymen Hlali;Hassen Zairi","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3644784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3644784","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a hybrid copper–graphene terahertz (THz) sensor for multigas detection with tunable performance. The design achieves frequency reconfiguration from 5.235 THz for <inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu _{c} = 0$ </tex-math></inline-formula> eV to 5.265 THz for <inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu _{c} = 0.5$ </tex-math></inline-formula> eV, confirming the strong plasmonic control of graphene. Sensitivity analysis shows values of 405.4 GHz/RIU for CH<sub>4</sub>, 816.3 GHz/RIU for CO<sub>2</sub>, 847.5 GHz/RIU for H<sub>2</sub>O, and 606.1 GHz/RIU for NH<sub>3</sub>. To further enhance prediction accuracy, an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) regression model was employed, achieving <inline-formula> <tex-math>$R^{2} = 0.998$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. After optimization, the sensitivities were improved to 603.0, 960.7, 1003.2, and 604.5 GHz/RIU, respectively. The proposed approach highlights the dominant role of graphene chemical potential in resonance tuning and sensitivity enhancement, establishing a compact and selective platform for advanced THz gas sensing.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"54 2","pages":"766-773"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}