IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science最新文献_第9页

Thermal Effects of Low-Pressure Glow Discharge and Its Heat Transfer Through the Discharge Tube 低压辉光放电的热效应及其通过放电管的传热

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3532112

Xintong Liu;Yangyang Fu;Guolin Yang;Zhijin Zhang;Qin Hu;Jianlin Hu;Zhihang Zhao;Liyang Zhang;Zhigang Liu;Xinxin Wang;Xingliang Jiang;Yutai Li

{"title":"Thermal Effects of Low-Pressure Glow Discharge and Its Heat Transfer Through the Discharge Tube","authors":"Xintong Liu;Yangyang Fu;Guolin Yang;Zhijin Zhang;Qin Hu;Jianlin Hu;Zhihang Zhao;Liyang Zhang;Zhigang Liu;Xinxin Wang;Xingliang Jiang;Yutai Li","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3532112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3532112","url":null,"abstract":"The light emitted by gas discharge plasma is often used as a light source for precision optical instruments. The measurement precision and accuracy of these precision instruments are greatly affected by the ambient temperature. In fact, although low-pressure glow gas discharge plasma is often referred to as “low-temperature plasma,” it may also have thermal effects under prolonged operation. There is a lack of research on the thermal effects of low-pressure glow discharges and the process of its heat transfer through the discharge tube. In this article, a 2-D axisymmetric fluid model is established, coupling multiphysics fields such as discharge plasma, laminar flow, and heat transfer. The thermal effect and heat transfer of He/Ne gas mixture glow discharge at low pressure are investigated. Studies show that, after the discharge has lasted for a certain period of time, the temperature in the gas discharge region is significantly elevated and can reach tens or hundreds of kelvins. The temperature of the glass tube may also increase by more than 20 K under certain discharge parameters. The current-limiting resistance, the gas pressure, and the He/Ne gas ratio have a large influence on the thermal effect of the gas discharge. Therefore, the thermal effect of gas discharge applied as a light source in precision optical instruments cannot be ignored and needs to be regulated and designed for specific situations. This article contributes to a deeper physical understanding of the thermal effects of low-pressure glow discharges and provides guidance for their optical application.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"40-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A High-Voltage and High-Current Miniaturized Surface Flashover Triggered Vacuum Switch 一种高压大电流小型化表面闪络触发真空开关

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3526891

Ming Zhang;Minfu Liao;Gang Lu;Liang Bu;Longfei Yu;Yifan Sun;Xiongying Duan

{"title":"A High-Voltage and High-Current Miniaturized Surface Flashover Triggered Vacuum Switch","authors":"Ming Zhang;Minfu Liao;Gang Lu;Liang Bu;Longfei Yu;Yifan Sun;Xiongying Duan","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3526891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3526891","url":null,"abstract":"To satisfy the small size requirement of high-power closing switch for compact pulsed power system, a miniaturized surface flashover triggered vacuum switch (STVS) with high withstand voltage and high-current is designed in this article. Through optimizing the switch structure, the maximum withstand voltage of the switch is exceeding 35 kV and the maximum conduction current capacity is more than 40 kA under the dimensional parameters of a total height of 39.5 mm and a diameter of 39.5 mm. The experimental test circuit is built, and the conduction delay time characteristics and impedance parameters of the miniaturized STVS are measured under different operating conditions. The experimental results show that the conduction delay time of the miniaturized STVS is significantly reduced with the increase of the trigger current and the operating voltage. The increase in conduction current leads to a decrease in the impedance of the vacuum arc channel, which reduces the resistance and inductance of the miniaturized STVS. The change in trigger current has no effect on the miniaturized STVS impedance parameters. At the operating conditions of 9 A trigger current, 15 kV operating voltage, and 40 kA conduction current, the conduction delay time of the miniaturized STVS is 1048.8 ns, the jitter is 139.7 ns, the resistance at the peak current moment is 51.2 m<inline-formula> <tex-math>$Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and the inductance at the current passing zero moment is 151.9 nH. Moreover, the operating characteristics of the miniaturized STVS have not deteriorated significantly after 200 consecutive operations under this operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"284-292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Small-Signal 1-D Model of Multistage Serpentine Waveguide Traveling Wave Tubes With Severs 带伺服器的多级蛇形波导行波管小信号一维模型

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3520622

Kasra Rouhi;Robert Marosi;Tarek Mealy;Alexander Figotin;Filippo Capolino

{"title":"Small-Signal 1-D Model of Multistage Serpentine Waveguide Traveling Wave Tubes With Severs","authors":"Kasra Rouhi;Robert Marosi;Tarek Mealy;Alexander Figotin;Filippo Capolino","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3520622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3520622","url":null,"abstract":"We present a model for calculating the small-signal gain of a multistage serpentine waveguide traveling wave tube (TWT) with one or more severs. To mitigate the occurrence of self-oscillations, the TWT stages are separated by a sever to stop RF wave propagation while the modulated electron beam (e-beam) is free to pass and is modeled by the electrons’ motion equations. Our small-signal model is an advancement of the Pierce model, assuming 1-D electron flow along a slow wave structure (SWS), accounting for SWS dispersion, the space-charge effect, and a frequency-dependent coupling strength coefficient relating the characteristic impedance to the interaction impedance. We compute the theoretical gain versus frequency for the multistage TWT and compare our results with particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The good agreement demonstrates the accuracy of our analytical model for the multistage serpentine waveguide TWT with one or more severs. Here, we focus on showing the performance of our model as an effective tool for designers rather than proposing an optimal design strategy.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"230-238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulation of Close Electric Fields From Fast M-Component Considering a Wire-Exploded Luminous Channel in Rocket-Triggered Lightning 考虑线爆光通道的火箭闪电快速m分量近场仿真

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3523862

Quanxin Li;Guohua Yang;Chijie Zhuang;Jinliang He

{"title":"Simulation of Close Electric Fields From Fast M-Component Considering a Wire-Exploded Luminous Channel in Rocket-Triggered Lightning","authors":"Quanxin Li;Guohua Yang;Chijie Zhuang;Jinliang He","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3523862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3523862","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents the close electric fields radiated by fast M-components associated with two scenarios in lightning: an elevated tall object and a wire-exploded luminous channel. The assumptions are assumed that when the downward incident wave meets the wire-exploded luminous channel, one round reflection (downward and upward) among the channel is assumed, and then, it propagates upward directly to cloud. The current expressions and current distribution for both scenarios are presented. The influences of the wire-exploded luminous channel on M-component electric fields at close distance are on the positive excursion at late-time response, while the initial negative peak is notably affected associated with the scenario of a tall tower. The influences of wave speed, reflection rounds, different close distances, and heights of the struck tower or the wire-exploded luminous channel are discussed in relation to the tall tower or the wire-exploded luminous channel. This study is meaningful to understand the lightning M-component mechanisms, specifically, by means of the measurement and reproduction of M-component electric fields at close distance.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"317-324"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of Electromagnetic Behavior of MACOR for View Dump Application 用于视图转储应用的MACOR电磁行为研究

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3524488

Prabhakar Tripathi;Varsha Siju;Abhishek Sinha;Surya Kumar Pathak

{"title":"Investigation of Electromagnetic Behavior of MACOR for View Dump Application","authors":"Prabhakar Tripathi;Varsha Siju;Abhishek Sinha;Surya Kumar Pathak","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3524488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3524488","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the impact of various view dump geometries on their electromagnetic (EM) behavior within the microwave-millimeter range, particularly at frequencies between 60 and 180 GHz. Since the view dump is to be placed inside the tokamak machine, it is expected that the material that is used for its fabrication should have certain required properties, such as low reflection in the desired range of frequencies, sustained at high temperature and high vacuum conditions, low outgassing rate, and low thermal expansion rate. The MACOR material meets all these desired mechanical requirements. For EM absorption capabilities in the desired frequency range, the slab geometry made of MACOR material was first analyzed using CST Microwave Studio. Further, to enhance the EM absorption capabilities of the slab geometry, the slab geometry was modified into various other geometries such as triangular groove, pyramid, inverted pyramid, cone, and inverted cone. In addition, an extensive simulation study was also performed to identify the structural parameters associated with these different geometries, which have the utmost impact on the EM behavior. Experimental investigations for the simulated geometries were obtained by fabricating a prototype of MACOR. The experimental and simulated results for the slab, pyramid, and inverted cone geometries are in good agreement.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"325-333"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Machine Learning Predictor for Vertical Displacement Events on EAST EAST上垂直位移事件的机器学习预测器

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3528970

H. Y. Wang;W. H. Hu;Y. H. Wang;Y. Huang;Y. H. Jia;Z. P. Luo;R. R. Zhang;Q. P. Yuan;B. J. Xiao

{"title":"A Machine Learning Predictor for Vertical Displacement Events on EAST","authors":"H. Y. Wang;W. H. Hu;Y. H. Wang;Y. Huang;Y. H. Jia;Z. P. Luo;R. R. Zhang;Q. P. Yuan;B. J. Xiao","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3528970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3528970","url":null,"abstract":"To obtain higher discharge parameters in experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST) experiments, an elongated plasma configuration is applied. As a result, vertical displacement events (VDEs) are easy to occur, especially for plasma with high vertical instability growth rate. Studying the prediction and avoidance of VDEs is of great importance for the protection of the plasma-facing and structural components of EAST tokamak. Data-driven methods based on supervised learning are widely used in disruption prediction. Labels as the key of the supervised learning are difficult to accurately divide. In this article, we first propose a labeling method based on the Jensen-Shannon (JS) divergence, enabling a specific analysis and evaluating the precursor onset time for each discharge. By comparing prediction accuracy and warning time prior to disruption using different algorithms with dataset collected from EAST experiment of 2021–2023, it is found that random forest (RF) model works best and achieves a success VDE alarm rate of 99.2% with a false alarm rate of 2.1% for nondisruptive discharges. The results show that models trained with dataset collected with class split point found by the JS divergence method from each discharge outperforms models trained with the dataset collected from each discharge with class split point of fixed time before disruption.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"136-145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ion Acoustic Waves in Plasma With Perturbation in Ion Temperature 离子温度扰动下等离子体中的离子声波

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3528096

H. R. Pakzad;K. Javidan

引用次数: 0

Discharge Characteristics and Launch Experiment of Multiphase Air-Core Pulsed Alternator 多相空芯脉冲交流发电机放电特性及发射试验

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3529314

Wenchao Li;Yingjie Chen;Youlong Wang;Rongyao Fu;Ping Yan;Yaohong Sun

{"title":"Discharge Characteristics and Launch Experiment of Multiphase Air-Core Pulsed Alternator","authors":"Wenchao Li;Yingjie Chen;Youlong Wang;Rongyao Fu;Ping Yan;Yaohong Sun","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3529314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3529314","url":null,"abstract":"The application of a multiphase air-core pulsed alternator (APA) power supply system in railgun has been studied. First, the working principle of the multiphase APA power supply system driving the railgun is introduced in detail, and the mathematical models of the multiphase APA and the railgun are given. Second, the discharge characteristics of the multiphase APA power supply system are analyzed. The relationship between the load current and the phase current is expounded at the theoretical level, and the characteristics such as the amplitude and pulsewidth of the phase current during the discharge process of the eight-phase motor are analyzed and parsed. Then, a field-circuit coupling simulation model is constructed to simulate and analyze the discharge process of the multiphase APA driving the railgun, verifying the correctness of the theoretical analysis. Finally, the experimental platform of multiphase APA driving the railgun is built, and the launch experiments are successfully conducted. Meanwhile, valuable experimental data are also provided for the subsequent further experiments.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"71-78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiobjective Optimization of Key Parameters for the Chamber of Low-Voltage DC Circuit Breakers Based on MHD 基于MHD的低压直流断路器腔室关键参数多目标优化

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3528424

Jingyi Lin;Jianwen Wu;Shangwen Xia;Ruang Chen;Mingshun Ma

{"title":"Multiobjective Optimization of Key Parameters for the Chamber of Low-Voltage DC Circuit Breakers Based on MHD","authors":"Jingyi Lin;Jianwen Wu;Shangwen Xia;Ruang Chen;Mingshun Ma","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3528424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3528424","url":null,"abstract":"The extinguishing performance of low-voltage dc circuit breakers is intricately influenced by the arc motion process, which in turn is shaped by the structure of the arc chamber. Consequently, optimizing and refining the arc chamber structure is imperative for augmenting arc-extinguishing efficacy. Addressing this necessity, this study presents an advanced multiobjective optimization algorithm grounded in the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model for low-voltage dc circuit breakers. The optimization targets key geometrical parameters within the chamber, encompassing the arc runner length, splitter plate inclination angle, as well as the horizontal and vertical spacing between neighboring splitter plates, to minimize both arc energy and overvoltage. Relative coefficients for primary and secondary objectives are seamlessly integrated into the optimization process to bolster computational efficiency. Leveraging simulation models, this algorithm expeditiously explores the impact of various arc chamber structural parameters on arc motion, thereby furnishing invaluable insights for designing and optimizing low-voltage circuit breakers.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"88-98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and Analysis of Pulse Trigger Source for Triggered Vacuum Switch Based on Pulse Transformer 基于脉冲变压器的触发真空开关脉冲触发源设计与分析

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3525131

Liang Bu;Xubin Li;Minfu Liao;Ming Zhang;Gang Lu;Longfei Yu;Xiongying Duan

{"title":"Design and Analysis of Pulse Trigger Source for Triggered Vacuum Switch Based on Pulse Transformer","authors":"Liang Bu;Xubin Li;Minfu Liao;Ming Zhang;Gang Lu;Longfei Yu;Xiongying Duan","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3525131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3525131","url":null,"abstract":"Field breakdown triggered vacuum switch (FTVS) has higher requirements for triggering pulse. The trigger source based on pulse transformer and solid-state switch has good reliability and low jitter characteristics, which can be used to trigger FTVS. A detailed analysis of the working process of the trigger source is beneficial for better design of the trigger source. This article introduces the analysis and the design process of a pulse trigger source (PTS) based on a pulse transformer using a closed annular magnetic core and IGBT. An analytical analysis of the main working process of the PTS is provided, and the effects of the PTS’s stray resistances, leakage inductances, and distributed capacitances on the output pulse waveform are evaluated. By optimizing the structure of the pulse transformer and selecting appropriate magnetic core materials, the response characteristics of the pulse transformer have been improved. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed analysis presented in this article. The designed PTS can generate high-voltage pulses with peak values exceeding 18 kV, pulsewidth of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$0sim 5~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>s, and rise time of <560 ns, which can reliably trigger FTVS.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"79-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0