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Mn(III)-mediated defluorinative radical cyclization of β,β-difluoro-ortho-alkenyl isocyanides with boronic acids: Access to 3-fluoroquinoline derivatives 锰(III)介导β,β-二氟邻烯基异氰酸酯与硼酸的去氟自由基环化:获得3-氟喹啉衍生物
IF 2.2 3区 化学
Tetrahedron Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2025.134942
Yanfeng Zhou , Lei Ma
{"title":"Mn(III)-mediated defluorinative radical cyclization of β,β-difluoro-ortho-alkenyl isocyanides with boronic acids: Access to 3-fluoroquinoline derivatives","authors":"Yanfeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Lei Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A Mn(III)-mediated cascade synthesis of 3-fluoroquinoline derivatives through radical cyclization of β,β-difluoro-<em>ortho</em>-alkenyl isocyanides with boronic acids is reported. This strategy features high efficiency, broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. The scalability of the process is demonstrated with gram-scale reactions yielding promising results, highlighting its practical applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":437,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 134942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Iron-mediated C(sp3) transthioetherification 铁介导的C(sp3)转硫醚化
IF 2.2 3区 化学
Tetrahedron Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2025.134937
Yuanjie Yang, Mingzhe Zhang, Elias Picazo
{"title":"Iron-mediated C(sp3) transthioetherification","authors":"Yuanjie Yang,&nbsp;Mingzhe Zhang,&nbsp;Elias Picazo","doi":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thioethers and disulfides are two sulfur-based functional groups commonly found in essential macronutrients, enzymes, therapeutics, materials, and agrochemicals. The ability to readily exchange one sulfur-containing unit for another through a single transthioetherification process presents an opportunity for facile sulfur group exchange. Despite the importance of thioethers, methods for transthioetherification remain limited to sp<sup>2</sup>-hybridized thioethers. Herein, we report the C(sp<sup>3</sup>) transthioetherification of benzylic thioethers with disulfide reagents mediated by iron. In addition to an iron source, use of substoichiometric benzylic bromide enables the reaction to be performed at lower temperatures. The reaction is operable with substrates containing diverse functionality on both the carbon and disulfide coupling partners, and the final product concentration can be influenced with higher loadings of disulfide starting material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":437,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 134937"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis, photophysical, computational evaluation of pharmacokinetic properties and ADMET profile for novel compounds incorporating pyrazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole moieties 含吡唑和1,3,4-恶二唑的新型化合物的合成、光物理、药代动力学性质和ADMET谱的计算评价
IF 2.2 3区 化学
Tetrahedron Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2025.134943
Rômulo Gabriel de Miranda de Paula Pinto , Maria Beatriz Póvoa Passos , Mariana Carvalho de Oliveira , Nayra Cordeiro da Conceição , Reinaldo Barros Geraldo , Leonardo Alves Miceli , Francislene Juliana Martins , Bernardo Almeida Iglesias , Mateus Henrique Köhler , Marcos Costa de Souza , Helena Carla Castro , Leandro Ferreira Pedrosa
{"title":"Synthesis, photophysical, computational evaluation of pharmacokinetic properties and ADMET profile for novel compounds incorporating pyrazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole moieties","authors":"Rômulo Gabriel de Miranda de Paula Pinto ,&nbsp;Maria Beatriz Póvoa Passos ,&nbsp;Mariana Carvalho de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Nayra Cordeiro da Conceição ,&nbsp;Reinaldo Barros Geraldo ,&nbsp;Leonardo Alves Miceli ,&nbsp;Francislene Juliana Martins ,&nbsp;Bernardo Almeida Iglesias ,&nbsp;Mateus Henrique Köhler ,&nbsp;Marcos Costa de Souza ,&nbsp;Helena Carla Castro ,&nbsp;Leandro Ferreira Pedrosa","doi":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Four molecular hybrids containing pyrazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole nuclei were synthesized in five steps, yielding good results. Photophysical analysis by absorption and emission techniques are conducted and compounds reveal UV emission peaks. TDDFT calculations by NTO analysis shows the HOMO-LUMO plots of derivatives, with electronic contribution of entire molecule. Computational methods, including Lipinski's Rule of Five and Veber's Filter, confirmed favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics and enhanced bioavailability. Toxicity assessments classified all compounds under toxic category III, indicating noncarcinogenic and non-mutagenic properties. Molecular docking analysis revealed promising interactions against <em>C. albicans</em>, particularly with the RTT109 enzyme. Compound <strong>7d</strong> showed the highest potential as an antifungal agent. The study underscores the importance of computational methods in early drug discovery, offering insights for lead compound selection and optimization, utilizing the cooperative characteristics of pyrazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole nuclei.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":437,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 134943"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An alkali-free synthesis strategy for high-yield unsymmetrical indocyanine dyes 高产不对称吲哚菁染料的无碱合成策略
IF 2.2 3区 化学
Tetrahedron Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2025.134941
Wenhao Su , Zhouyu Jiang , Zihui Jing , Yandong Xu , Mingzhu Yang , Xiaowen Zhang , Chuyao Wu , Mingliang Wang
{"title":"An alkali-free synthesis strategy for high-yield unsymmetrical indocyanine dyes","authors":"Wenhao Su ,&nbsp;Zhouyu Jiang ,&nbsp;Zihui Jing ,&nbsp;Yandong Xu ,&nbsp;Mingzhu Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaowen Zhang ,&nbsp;Chuyao Wu ,&nbsp;Mingliang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unsymmetrical indocyanine dyes have extremely important applications in the field of biological detection. To address the key challenges of low yield and purity during the synthesis of these compounds, a new method via a two-step process is proposed for the synthesis of a series of the unsymmetrical indocyanine dyes. In the first step, an indole with a quaternary ammonium structure is reacted with a condensing agent in acetic anhydride to synthesize the hemicyanine intermediate. In the second step, an indole with an enamine structure is reacted with the hemicyanine intermediate to synthesize the unsymmetrical indocyanine dye with no additional base catalyst. This effectively inhibits the reverse reaction of the hemicyanine intermediates to indole with a quaternary ammonium structure in basic conditions, thereby suppressing the formation of indocyanine byproducts that are difficult to separate. As a result, the yields of the unsymmetrical indocyanine dyes have been greatly improved. The higher nucleophilicity of indole containing an enamine structure than indole with a quaternary ammonium structure has been reasonable explained by DFT calculations of Frontier Molecular Orbitals and electrostatic surface potentials. This study provided a new strategy for synthesizing high-yield unsymmetrical indocyanine dyes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":437,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 134941"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Brønsted acid-catalyzed hydrothiolation and cascade cyclization of allenes for the synthesis of thiochromane compounds Brønsted酸催化丙烯氢硫基化和级联环化合成硫代铬化合物
IF 2.2 3区 化学
Tetrahedron Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2025.134930
Chen-Yuan He , Ya-Qin Huang , Hao-Hua Feng , Xiao-Lin Qin , Si-Yuan Ma , Yang-Yang Zeng , Jie-Fang Meng , Li-Ping Pang , Yan-Min Huang
{"title":"Brønsted acid-catalyzed hydrothiolation and cascade cyclization of allenes for the synthesis of thiochromane compounds","authors":"Chen-Yuan He ,&nbsp;Ya-Qin Huang ,&nbsp;Hao-Hua Feng ,&nbsp;Xiao-Lin Qin ,&nbsp;Si-Yuan Ma ,&nbsp;Yang-Yang Zeng ,&nbsp;Jie-Fang Meng ,&nbsp;Li-Ping Pang ,&nbsp;Yan-Min Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thiochromane is an important class of compound, which widely exists in many functional materials, pharmaceuticals, and natural products with biological activities, exhibiting anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, and antibacterial properties. This study introduces a metal-free, green, and environmentally friendly synthetic strategy for the synthesis of thiochromane compounds through Brønsted acid-catalyzed hydrothiolation and cascade Friedel-Crafts cycloaddition of allenes, offering significant implications for the development and research of thiochromane compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":437,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 134930"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structural elucidation of liquid pharmaceutical compounds by porous organic crystals of adamantane-containing macrocycles 用含金刚烷大环的多孔有机晶体解析液体药物化合物的结构
IF 2.2 3区 化学
Tetrahedron Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2025.134939
Tadashi Hyodo , Miku Sugimoto , Masatoshi Kawahata , Masahide Tominaga , Kentaro Yamaguchi
{"title":"Structural elucidation of liquid pharmaceutical compounds by porous organic crystals of adamantane-containing macrocycles","authors":"Tadashi Hyodo ,&nbsp;Miku Sugimoto ,&nbsp;Masatoshi Kawahata ,&nbsp;Masahide Tominaga ,&nbsp;Kentaro Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two adamantane-containing macrocycles having halobenzene and tetrazine parts were employed as porous host materials in the crystalline sponge method for the structural elucidation of liquid pharmaceutical compounds. The macrocycles were arranged into molecular networks composed of tubular assemblies having one-dimensional pores. Soaking of the porous crystals in methyl salicylate or eugenol afforded the adsorbed crystals in a single-crystal to single-crystal fashion. X-ray analysis revealed that the conformation and packing of the macrocycles in the porous crystals were changed compared with those in the original crystals. Similarly, 4-methylpyrazole (also known as fomepizole) or 3-methylpyrazole were captured within the macrocycle-based organic frameworks, and their molecular structures were confirmed. Remarkably, dimeric structures of the pyrazole derivatives were formed within the macrocycles through hydrogen bonds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":437,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 134939"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Iodine catalysed synthesis of 4′H-dispiro[indoline-3,2′-pyrrole-3′,3″-indoline]-2,2″-dione through C–C bond formation 碘通过C-C键催化合成4 ' h -吡咯[吲哚-3,2 ' -吡咯-3 ',3″-吲哚]-2,2″-二酮
IF 2.2 3区 化学
Tetrahedron Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2025.134935
Debasish Bera , Tiyasa Dhar , Arnab Roy Chowdhury , Subham Mandal , Soumitra Rana , Chhanda Mukhopadhyay
{"title":"Iodine catalysed synthesis of 4′H-dispiro[indoline-3,2′-pyrrole-3′,3″-indoline]-2,2″-dione through C–C bond formation","authors":"Debasish Bera ,&nbsp;Tiyasa Dhar ,&nbsp;Arnab Roy Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Subham Mandal ,&nbsp;Soumitra Rana ,&nbsp;Chhanda Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spirooxindoles have become a privileged skeleton due to their wide and promising activities in pharmaceutical field. This work highlights metal-free synthetic approach for the construction of 4′<em>H</em>-dispiro[indoline-3,2′-pyrrole-3′,3″-indoline]-2,2″-dione by iodine catalyzed C–C bond formation reaction. This straight-forward benign synthetic pathway results in the formation of different spirooxindoles which can be used to synthesize various naturally occurring alkaloids and drugs. The reaction involves in-situ generation of imine by reaction of easily available isatin and (+)-(<em>R</em>)-α-phenyl/naphthyl ethanamine followed by C–C bond formation and further cyclization to construct a well-designed spirooxindole.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":437,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 134935"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Formal total synthesis of neodysiherbaine A via a stereoselective [3+2]-annulation strategy 通过立体选择[3+2]环化策略正式全合成新西芹碱A
IF 2.2 3区 化学
Tetrahedron Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2025.134934
Koki Hotoda, Shoichi Minato, Ikuo Sasaki, Hideyuki Sugimura
{"title":"Formal total synthesis of neodysiherbaine A via a stereoselective [3+2]-annulation strategy","authors":"Koki Hotoda,&nbsp;Shoichi Minato,&nbsp;Ikuo Sasaki,&nbsp;Hideyuki Sugimura","doi":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The highly stereoselective synthesis of the hexahydrofuro[3,2-<em>b</em>]pyran core of neodysiherbaine A is described. The key step involves the stereocontrolled formation of the tetrahydrofuran ring via a formal [3 + 2]-annulation between isopropylidene-protected <em>aldehydo</em>-<span>d</span>-ribose and a β-substituted allylsilane mediated by trifluoroborane etherate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":437,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 134934"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sustainable access to novel pyridone scaffolds: Efficient one-pot, three-component synthesis in PEG-400 新型吡啶酮支架的可持续获取:PEG-400中高效的一锅三组分合成
IF 2.2 3区 化学
Tetrahedron Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2025.134927
Sajedeh Alizadeh , Abbas Ali Esmaeili , Mohammad Javad Sharifnia , Behrouz Notash
{"title":"Sustainable access to novel pyridone scaffolds: Efficient one-pot, three-component synthesis in PEG-400","authors":"Sajedeh Alizadeh ,&nbsp;Abbas Ali Esmaeili ,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Sharifnia ,&nbsp;Behrouz Notash","doi":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a straightforward and efficient method for synthesizing a novel series of 1-benzyl-3-((1-benzyl-4-(benzylamino)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)(aryl)methyl)-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-2(1<em>H</em>)-one derivatives through a one-pot, three-component reaction. The process employs 1-benzyl-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-2(1<em>H</em>)-one, diverse aromatic aldehydes, and 1-benzyl-4-(benzylamino)-6-methylpyridin-2(1<em>H</em>)-one in polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) as an environmentally benign solvent. The methodology prioritizes efficiency, scalability, and reduced environmental impact, offering a practical route to functionalized pyridinones.</div><div>We report a catalyst-free protocol for the efficient synthesis of biologically relevant heterocycles, notably functionalized pyridinones. This method features high atom economy, broad functional group tolerance, and minimal purification steps, embodying the sustainable chemistry principles. All products were characterized by multi-spectroscopic analyses (<sup>1</sup>H/<sup>13</sup>C NMR, IR, MS) and elemental analysis. Furthermore, single-crystal X-ray diffraction provided unambiguous structural confirmation for a representative derivative.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":437,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 134927"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Total synthesis of stemoamide from succinimide 琥珀酰亚胺合成蒸汽酰胺的研究
IF 2.2 3区 化学
Tetrahedron Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2025.134928
Suresh N. Borde, Kavirayani R. Prasad
{"title":"Total synthesis of stemoamide from succinimide","authors":"Suresh N. Borde,&nbsp;Kavirayani R. Prasad","doi":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tet.2025.134928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Total synthesis of stemona alkaloid stemoamide was accomplished from succinimide in a 10-step sequence with 4.9 % overall yield. Key transformation in the sequence is a Mukaiyama addition reaction of silyl enol ether prepared from an alkynone to N-acyl iminium ion obtained from N-allyl succinimide and further elaboration to the title compound.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":437,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 134928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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