RLA最新文献

{"title":"Referencias espaciales lingüísticas y deícticas de niños rurales mapuches y no mapuches: Un estudio exploratorio sobre la descripción del trayecto en espacios amplios*","authors":"Rebeca Muñoz-Sanhueza, Paula Alonqueo Boudon","doi":"10.4067/S0718-48832017000100073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48832017000100073","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEste estudio tuvo por objetivo describir las expresiones linguisticas y deicticas que escolares rurales mapuches y no mapuches, de cuarto ano de ensenanza basica, usaron para referir espacios amplios en una tarea de descripcion del trayecto escuela-hogar. El espacio fue descrito principalmente por el sistema sin coordenadas, a traves de deicticos linguisticos y gestos referidos al marco relativo. El sistema con coordenadas tuvo menor presencia en los relatos y en ambos grupos las referencias espaciales estuvieron en el marco intrinseco, debido a las implicancias de la tarea, aunque en los escolares mapuches hubo mas referencias geocentricas. Los resultados indican un desfase del grupo en la adquisicion de nociones y conceptos linguisticos espaciales mas complejos, en abstraccion geocentrica y egocentrica. Se discute la relacion de las experiencias cotidianas e informacion sensorial con la descripcion linguistica y gestual del espacio, como factores de la variabilidad en las representaciones y predileccion por marcos de referencia espacial entre los hablantes. EnglishThe objetive of this study was to describe the linguistic and deictic expressions that rural Mapuche and non-Mapuche students, from fourth grade of elementary school, used to refer to large spaces in a task of describing the school-home journey. The space was described mainly the system without coordinates, through linguistic deictics and gestures referred to the framework. The system with coordinates had less presence in the reports. The intrinsic spatial frame of reference was the majority in both groups, due to the implications of the task, although there were more absolute references in Mapuche students. The results indicate a gap in the group in the acquisition of more complex notions and spatial concepts linguistic, according to a geocentric and egocentric abstraction. The relation of everyday experiences and sensory information with the linguistic and gestural description of space is discussed, as well as factors of variability in representations and preference for spatial reference frames between speakers.","PeriodicalId":35168,"journal":{"name":"RLA","volume":"39 1","pages":"73-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73842215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASOCIACIÓN DE LA F0, DURACIÓN E INTENSIDAD EN EL HABLA DE UNA MUJER DE MEDELLÍN (COLOMBIA) EN FUNCIÓN DE LA MODALIDAD ORACIONAL Y SUS SINTAGMAS","authors":"Mercedes Muñetón","doi":"10.4067/S0718-48832017000100053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48832017000100053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35168,"journal":{"name":"RLA","volume":"40 2","pages":"53-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72605252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF ACCURACY AND GRAMMATICAL COMPLEXITY IN THE WRITING OF UPPER INTERMEDIATE AND ADVANCED LEARNERS OF ENGLISH","authors":"Ana Cristina Lahuerta Martínez","doi":"10.4067/S0718-48832017000100013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48832017000100013","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl objetivo de este trabajo es doble: (a) se ocupa de examinar y comparar las composiciones de estudiantes universitarios de ingles como lengua extranjera, utilizando como medidas la precision y la complejidad gramatical; (b) ademas, pretende describir la evolucion de los errores morfologicos, sintacticos, de pronunciacion y de ortografia cometidos por estos alumnos. Los participantes en el estudio fueron 100 aprendices de ingles como lengua extranjera, que fueron divididos en dos grupos de acuerdo a su resultado en la Prueba Oxford Placement Test. Asi, el grupo A estaba formado por 36 aprendices de nivel avanzado (C1 segun el Marco Comun Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas o MCERL) y el grupo B por 64 estudiantes de nivel intermedio alto (B2 segun el MCERL). Los resultados de los analisis de las composiciones recogidas para llevar a cabo el estudio mostraron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos tanto en precision como en complejidad. Se observo una tendencia de mejora entre los dos niveles B2 y C1 analizados. Sin embargo, las diferencias entre grupos solamente resultaron significativas en los errores de puntuacion y ortografia. En conclusion, aunque los dos grupos investigados muestran una tendencia hacia la mejora en la competencia escrita, se encontraron casos de estabilizacion y de regresion en los errores. EnglishThe aim of the present study is twofold. In the first place, it aims at examining and comparing the written compositions of two groups of undergraduates enrolled in a University Degree in English Studies, using as measures accuracy and grammatical complexity. It also intends to describe the development of the morphological, syntactic, punctuation and spelling errors as English is used by these learners. A total of 100 learners of English as a foreign language participated in the study. They were divided into two groups according to their Oxford Placement Test score: group A was formed by 36 advanced students (C1 as per the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR)); and group B was made up of 64 upper intermediate students (B2 as per the CEFR). The analysis of the compositions collected showed significant differences between advanced and upper intermediate students both in complexity and in accuracy. The figures indicated that there was an improvement trend between B2 and C1. However, the differences between groups were significant only in spelling and in punctuation errors. Although the upper intermediate and advanced EFL groups investigated were mainly found to be dominated by progress, there were nevertheless some cases of error stabilization and regression tendencies.","PeriodicalId":35168,"journal":{"name":"RLA","volume":"15 1","pages":"13-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83046221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Características de la competencia prosódica de jóvenes bilingües vascos en la lectura en voz alta: las cumbres tonales","authors":"Iñaki Gaminde, Aintzane Etxebarria, Asier Romero, Naia Eguskiza","doi":"10.4067/S0718-48832017000100035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48832017000100035","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl objetivo de este trabajo es describir las relaciones entre las distintas cumbres tonales de un grupo prosodico en la lengua vasca, para la identificacion de diferentes modelos combinatorios de cumbres y la relacion y el uso de los modelos segun factores endogenos (puramente linguisticos) y exogenos, como el genero, el grupo linguistico y la procedencia de los informantes. Para la confeccion del corpus se ha utilizado un texto leido por 101 jovenes bilingues vascos de ambos generos, con lengua materna euskera y espanol, en unos casos, y euskera y frances, en otros. Algunos de ellos han aprendido el euskera en el entorno familiar y otros en la escuela, todos ellos son procedentes de los territorios del Pais Vasco. El analisis de los datos se ha realizado en tres niveles: en el nivel lexico, sintactico y en el del grupo prosodico. Una vez realizado el analisis se concluye que no hay diferencias estadisticamente significativas entre los tres niveles citados; las interacciones de todos los niveles muestran variedad y dispersion en cuanto a la cumbre tonal; y, por ultimo, la manera en la que los informantes han aprendido la lengua vasca y la procedencia geografica influye en la posicion de la cumbre tonal. EnglishThe purpose of this paper is to describe the relation between the different tonal peaks of a prosodic group in Basque language to identify the different combination models of peaks and the relation and use of the models according to endogenous (linguistics) and exogenous (gender, linguistic group, provenance) factors. To create this corpus a text read by 101 bilingual young men and women has been used. Their mother tongue was Basque and Spanish in some cases and Basque and French in other cases. They come from the Basque Country territories, some learnt Basque within the family environment and others at school. Data analysis has been carried out in three levels: on the lexical level, at syntactic level and in the prosodic group. The conclusions are that there are no statistically significant differences according to the three levels mentioned; the interaction of all the levels show variety and dispersion referring the tonal peak and, finally, the position of the tonal peak is influenced by the way the informants have learnt Basque as well as their geographical origin.","PeriodicalId":35168,"journal":{"name":"RLA","volume":"26 1","pages":"35-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84853437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La gestión temática como marcador de déficit lingüístico primario en personas con diagnóstico de primer episodio de esquizofrenia: Un estudio en una muestra chilena*","authors":"Alicia Figueroa, E. Durán, S. Oyarzún","doi":"10.4067/S0718-48832017000100117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48832017000100117","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn esta investigacion se analiza la gestion tematica en una muestra de 50 entrevistas cli- nicas realizadas a personas con diagnostico de esquizofrenia cronica y de primer episodio, desde la perspectiva de la linguistica clinica aplicada a la psiquiatria. Especificamente se propone determinar si existen diferencias en la gestion tematica entre ambos grupos de pacientes. Asimismo, a fin de probar si constituye un marcador de deficit primario, se pretende verificar la relacion entre la gestion tematica, el estadio de la enfermedad y el sexo. El analisis de los datos, en primer lugar demuestra que es posible observar la perdida de la unidad tematica, la presentacion frecuente de topicos sin desarrollo referencial y saltos topicales en personas con esquizofrenia de primer episodio. En segunda instancia, las variables estadio de la enfermedad y sexo presentan significacion estadistica, por lo cual, es posible considerar la gestion tematica como un marcador primario de deficit pragmalinguistico para esquizofrenia. EnglishIn this research the issue management is analyzed in a sample of 50 clinical interviews with people diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia and first episode, from the perspective of linguistics applied to clinical psychiatry. Specifically it proposes to determine if differences exist in the thematic management between both groups of patients. Likewise, in order to try if it constitutes a scoreboard of primary deficit one tries to check the relation between the thematic management, the stadium of the disease and the sex. Also, in order to test whether it is a marker of primary deficit is to verify the relationship between the subject management, disease stage and sex. The analysis of the information, first it demonstrates that it is possible to observe the loss of the thematic unit, the frequent presentation of topics without referential development and of leaps of discursive topics in persons with schizophrenia of the first episode. Secondly, the variables disease stage and sex have statistical significance, therefore, it is possible to consider the issue management as a primary marker of pragmalinguistic deficit schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":35168,"journal":{"name":"RLA","volume":"26 1","pages":"117-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81652090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¿Qué ocurre cuando comparamos dos unidades léxicas sinónimas?: Un estudio psicolingüístico sobre la naturaleza de la sinonimia","authors":"María del Carmen Horno-Chéliz, Raquel Timor, A. Sarasa","doi":"10.4067/S0718-48832017000100149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48832017000100149","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl presente estudio tiene como proposito estudiar, desde un punto de vista experimental, la naturaleza de la sinonimia lexica. En concreto, se pretende contestar tres preguntas diferentes: 1) ?como es la relacion de sinonimia, gradual o discreta?, 2) ?es realista la percepcion consciente de los hablantes sobre el grado de sinonimia entre dos items? y 3) ?como se procesa dicha relacion en el cerebro? Para ello, siguiendo a Recarte Goldaracena y Peraita Adrados (1988), se ha preparado un experimento conductual (una tarea de decision semantica) en la que los participantes debian decir si dos items eran o no sinonimos. En segundo lugar, se pasaba a esos mismos sujetos un cuestionario en el que tenian que decidir, en una escala Likert de 10 posiciones, cuan sinonimas eran las mismas parejas de items de la tarea de decision anterior. A partir de los resultados de estas dos pruebas y de su correlacion se llega a la conclusion de que la sinonimia es una relacion gradual y especular que opera, en tiempo real y de modo holistico, tanto a nivel consciente (metalinguistico: el valor ofrecido en el cuestionario) como automatico (procedimental: el tiempo de reaccion en la tarea de decision semantica). EnglishThe aim of this research is the analysis of synonymy through an experimental design. Three questions have been considered: 1) is the synonymy relationship gradual or discrete? 2) is the conscious perception of the synonymy realistic? And 3) how does the brain processes this relationship? Following a previous work by Recarte Goldaracena and Peraita Adrados (1988), a lexical decision task (where participant should decide whether two items were synonyms) has been prepared. Following this task, participants were asked to mark, in a ten-Likert scale how synonyms the same partners of words were. As the result of this research, synonymy seems to be a gradual, mirrored, holistic and real relationship, which works both in the conscious and unconscious processing of language information.","PeriodicalId":35168,"journal":{"name":"RLA","volume":"51 1","pages":"149-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73770354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actitudes lingüísticas en contextos interculturales: Población asháninka bajo chirani","authors":"Pedro Manuel Falcón Ccenta, Luis Alberto Mamani Quispe","doi":"10.4067/S0718-48832017000100095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48832017000100095","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn el marco del enfoque mentalista, se evaluan los factores adscritos e inherentes que influyen en el comportamiento actitudinal de los pobladores indigenas bilingues ashaninka de la comunidad nativa de Bajo Chirani (Selva Central del Peru), la misma que se inserta en la dimension formativa de las actitudes linguisticas hacia las lenguas de contacto. Se analizan las preferencias de lenguas en terminos afectivos, cognoscitivos y socioculturales, dimensiones que permiten circunscribir la influencia de las variables edad, sexo y escolaridad en el condicionamiento de las actitudes positivas o negativas hacia la lengua originaria y hacia el castellano. Los resultados del estudio evidencian contextos comunicativos diversos y una mayor funcionalidad de la lengua castellana respecto de la lengua ashaninka de la comunidad nativa Bajo Chirani; asimismo, se advierten rasgos cognoscitivos y socioculturales en la estructuracion de un espectro amplio de utilidad y prestigio que sistematicamente afianzan el desplazamiento de la lengua originaria y una paulatina precarizacion identitaria de la poblacion ashaninka. EnglishThis study evaluates the influence of inherent and given factors that affect the attitudinal behavior of the bilingual Ashaninka population, who lives in Bajo Chirani (Central Amazonian region of Peru), from a mentalist approach. Such influence underlies in the formative dimension of linguistic attitudes towards languages in contact. There’s an analysis of language preferences in terms of affective and cognitive language, as well as socio-cultural factors. These dimensions will determine the boundaries of the influences within the following variables: age, gender, and level of education, and their relationship with positive or negative attitudes towards the originary language and towards the regional Spanish. The results of this study show diversity in communicative contexts, as well as a higher level of functionality in the Spanish language in comparison to the Ashaninka used in Bajo Chirani. Furthermore, some cognitive and sociocultural factors are present on the systematisation of the ample spectrum of usefulness and prestige, that are systematically taking over the originary language, and decreasing the cultural identity of the Ashaninka population.","PeriodicalId":35168,"journal":{"name":"RLA","volume":"64 1","pages":"95-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84359974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FONÉTICA ARTICULATORIA, RUIDO E INTELIGIBILIDAD EN ESPAÑOL","authors":"Jorge Sommerhoff Hyde, C. R. Aguilar","doi":"10.4067/S0718-48832017000200089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48832017000200089","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35168,"journal":{"name":"RLA","volume":"44 1","pages":"89-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88098105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APELACIÓN Y ATENUACIÓN: COMPARACIÓN INTERGENÉRICA ENTRE JUICIOS ORALES Y DEBATES PARLAMENTARIOS ESPAÑOLES","authors":"Cristina Villalba, B. Kern","doi":"10.4067/S0718-48832017000200169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48832017000200169","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar los mecanismos de apelacion que desarrollan una funcion atenuante en contextos formales. Mas concretamente, nos proponemos centrar nuestro estudio en las formas de tratamiento nominales (como senoria) y en las formulas apelativas convencionalizadas (como mira). Para ello, esta investigacion se basa en dos corpus de dos generos pertenecientes al registro oral formal: el debate parlamentario y el juicio oral. Tras analizar las muestras tomando como referencia la funcion (preventiva o reparadora) del atenuante, la fuerza ilocutiva, la posicion y los roles de los participantes, se ha comprobado que incluso en contextos formales, estos mecanismos pueden desarrollar valores estrategicos relacionados con la atenuacion. Ademas, el analisis destaca los beneficios de realizar estudios intergenericos pues, por un lado, ayudan a conocer con mas precision la manera en que se configura la atenuacion en distintos contextos y, por otro lado, la observacion de fenomenos pragmaticos desde una perspectiva contrastiva podria permitir anadir nuevos detalles para la caracterizacion de los generos. EnglishThis study analyses forms of address that may play a mitigating role in formal contexts. More specifically, it focuses on nominal forms of address (such as senoria) and conventionalised formulas (such as mira). To that end, the research is based on corpora for two genres of formal oral language: parliamentary debate and oral trials. An analysis of the data taking into consideration the function (preventive or reparative) of the mitigating device, its position, the illocutionary force of the speech act as well as the roles of the speakers showed that these mechanisms can adopt mitigation-related strategic values even in formal contexts. The paper also highlights the benefits of intergeneric studies, noting that they contribute to a more precise understanding of how mitigation plays out in different contexts and that a comparative approach to the study of pragmatic phenomena might help add new details for the characterization of the genres.","PeriodicalId":35168,"journal":{"name":"RLA","volume":"7 1","pages":"169-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89926569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LA APLICACIÓN DE LA GRAMÁTICA EN EL AULA: RECURSOS DIDÁCTICOS CLÁSICOS Y MODERNOS PARA LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA GRAMÁTICA","authors":"I. Bosque, Ángel J. Gallego","doi":"10.4067/S0718-48832016000200004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48832016000200004","url":null,"abstract":"En este trabajo introducimos una tipologia de ejercicios de gramatica que parte de la presentada en Bosque (2015b), a la que anadimos algunos tipos nuevos. Unos y otros se comparan aqui con los ejercicios que resultan mas habituales en los libros de texto de lengua castellana y catalana en Espana, asi como con los que suelen proponerse en los examenes de selectividad. Se explica en estas paginas que los ejercicios que tienen menor tradicion entre nosotros son precisamente los que mejor desarrollan la capacidad de los estudiantes para observar, argumentar, reflexionar y, en definitiva, comprender las estructuras gramaticales. Por el contrario, los que poseen mayor tradicion en nuestras aulas (especialmente los de etiquetado y los de amplificacion) son los que menos favorecen esas capacidades. En el trabajo se presta especial atencion a las competencias que cada tipo de ejercicio pretende potenciar, asi como a sus posibles desarrollos didacticos en el aula.","PeriodicalId":35168,"journal":{"name":"RLA","volume":"104 1","pages":"63-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87784586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}