S. Hara, R. Dong, Sangyeop Lee, K. Takano, Naoya Toshida, S. Tanoi, Tatsuo Hagino, M. Mubarak, N. Sekine, I. Watanabe, A. Kasamatsu, K. Sakakibara, Shunichi Kubo, Satoshi Miura, Y. Umeda, T. Yoshida, S. Amakawa, M. Fujishima
{"title":"A 76-Gbit/s 265-GHz CMOS Receiver","authors":"S. Hara, R. Dong, Sangyeop Lee, K. Takano, Naoya Toshida, S. Tanoi, Tatsuo Hagino, M. Mubarak, N. Sekine, I. Watanabe, A. Kasamatsu, K. Sakakibara, Shunichi Kubo, Satoshi Miura, Y. Umeda, T. Yoshida, S. Amakawa, M. Fujishima","doi":"10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634780","url":null,"abstract":"Lower terahertz (THz) frequency band above 250 GHz is considered a promising platform for ultrahigh-speed broadband wireless communications beyond 5G [1]. Standardization of frequencies around 300 GHz (hereafter referred to as the “300-GHz band”) is discussed in [2, 3]. Research and development of transceiver circuits and modules operating in the 300-GHz band have actively been pursued [4–7].","PeriodicalId":286139,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115509545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Byeonghun Yun, Dae-Woong Park, Kyung-Sik Choi, Ho-Jin Song, Sang-Gug Lee
{"title":"245/243GHz, 9.2/10.5dBm Saturated Output Power, 4.6/2.8% PAE, and 28/26dB Gain Power Amplifiers in 65nm CMOS Adopting 2-and 4-way Power Combining","authors":"Byeonghun Yun, Dae-Woong Park, Kyung-Sik Choi, Ho-Jin Song, Sang-Gug Lee","doi":"10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634180","url":null,"abstract":"Lately, sub-THz bands are drawing attention for high data-rate communications where the H-band (220-325GHz) is a strong candidate for the next generation (6G) wireless communication systems. In terms of the level of integration and cost, CMOS has been the most attractive technology for commercialization.","PeriodicalId":286139,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115739500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yen-Kuei Lu, Miao-Shan Li, Ching-Yuan Yang, Chin-Lung Lin
{"title":"A 2.7-Gb/s Multiplexed-DLL-Based CDR Circuit for ±10% Clock-Embedded Spread-Spectrum Modulation Depth","authors":"Yen-Kuei Lu, Miao-Shan Li, Ching-Yuan Yang, Chin-Lung Lin","doi":"10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634705","url":null,"abstract":"Because Electromagnetic interference (EMI) stems from system clocks, it can be most efficiently and economically reduced with the use of spread spectrum clock (SSC) oscillators. To reduce more EMI, such as intra-panel interfaces, the energy of the processed signal after spread-spectrum modulation is spread over a wider bandwidth [1–3]. As a result, it will encounter some problems while employing the traditional type-2 PLL-based clock and data recovery (CDR) for phase-tracking SSC operation. Firstly, a wide spread-spectrum modulation depth with an increased frequency ramp makes the PLL system easily losing phase lock. Secondly, to catch up with the frequency ramp of the spread-spectrum signal, the system bandwidth must be increased, resulting in stability problems. Thirdly, considering the CDR recovering the data with the effect of spread-spectrum signal, the jitter tolerance of the system becomes worse. In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems, this work adopts the final value theorem to analyze the steady-state phase error of the system for ± 10% spread-spectrum modulation depth and modulation frequency of 200 kHz.","PeriodicalId":286139,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116866824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Canxing Piao, Yeonsoo Ahn, Donguk Kim, Jihoon Park, Jubin Kang, Minseok Shin, Kangbong Seo, Seong-Jin Kim, J. Chun, Jaehyuk Choi
{"title":"A 70mW Indirect Time-of-Flight Image Sensor with Depth Dynamic Range Enhancement and Fixed Depth Noise Compensation","authors":"Canxing Piao, Yeonsoo Ahn, Donguk Kim, Jihoon Park, Jubin Kang, Minseok Shin, Kangbong Seo, Seong-Jin Kim, J. Chun, Jaehyuk Choi","doi":"10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634817","url":null,"abstract":"Indirect time-of-flight (iTOF) is a 3D depth-sensing technology that provides the distance to the object by measuring the phase difference of emitted and reflected waves of light. Usually, iTOF sensors consume power over 200 mW owing to high frequency modulation, which prevents them from the application to the energy limited wearable devices for VR/AR. To minimize column fixed depth noise (FDN), the TX driver typically has a double-sided clock tree that provides TX signals from both the left and the right sides of the pixel array [1], [2]. However, the double-sided driver consumes significant power even though the column FDN is still present. Moreover, the clock tree generates a huge peak current to induce depth noise. Some sensors employed a clock chain to distribute the peak current [3], [4]. Because the chain induces inherent row FDN, they used a DLL [3] or two opposite-directional chains [4] for the post compensation. However, these schemes still have column FDN, power consumption from the double-sided driver, and PVT variation. Another important issue is a limited depth dynamic range (DDR) because reflected light power falls along with the squared distance. Saturation occurs for short range (SR) whereas noise overwhelms signal for long range (LR). For the WDDR, two or multiple shots of images should be synthesized while consuming additional power.","PeriodicalId":286139,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125953743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pingda Guan, Haikun Jia, W. Deng, Zhihua Wang, B. Chi
{"title":"A 33.5-37.5 GHz 4-Element Phased-Array Transceiver Front-End with High-Accuracy Low-Variation 6-bit Resolution 360° Phase Shift and 0~31.5 dB Gain Control in 65 nm CMOS","authors":"Pingda Guan, Haikun Jia, W. Deng, Zhihua Wang, B. Chi","doi":"10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634826","url":null,"abstract":"Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) phased-arrays for 5G communication, radar, and satellite communication systems have obtained ever-increasing attention. Power amplifiers (PAs) are one of the most critical components in phased-array front-ends (FEs). High output power is desired to support long-range communications and radar detection. Another critical component is the phase and gain controller that enables electric beam scanning. High accuracy, fine resolution, and orthogonality of phase and gain control are vital to support precise beamforming and improve usability. In this paper, we present a 33.5-37.5 GHz 4-element phased-array transceiver (TRX) FE with power combining PAs and hybrid architecture phase/gain controllers in 65 nm CMOS, which achieves (1) $P_{text {sat }}$ of $19.8 dBm$ and $P_{1 dB}$ of $17.2 dBm$ per element, (2) 6-bit 360° phase shift range with RMS phase error less than 2° and gain variation less than $pm 2 dB,(3)$ and 6 -bit 0-31.5 dB gain control range with RMS gain error less than $0.16 dB$ and phase variation less than ±3°.","PeriodicalId":286139,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129872819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 0.79–1.16-GHz Synthesizable Fractional-N PLL Using DTC-Based Multi-Stage Injection with Dithering-Assisted Local Skew Calibration Achieving −232.8-dB FoMref","authors":"Zule Xu","doi":"10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634799","url":null,"abstract":"Phase-locked loops (PLLs) are imperative building blocks in wireless system-on-chips (SoCs) for modulation and clock generation. Their design and implementation typically take long time, especially when multiple PLLs are needed in a large-scale SoC. To reduce this time, synthesizable PLLs have been proposed using standard cells with automatic place-and-route (P&R) [1] –[5]. In these PLLs, ring digitally-controlled oscillators (DCOs) are employed whose high phase noises can be suppressed by edge injection [1] or multiplying-delay-locked loops (MDLLs) [2], [4], [5] (in the following context, the term “injection” is used for convenience). Although automatic P&R drastically reduces design and implementation time, it introduces unpredictable parasitic elements which degrade phase noise and spurs. The situation can even worsen in a fractional-N PLL where a digital-to-time converter (DTC) is involved, whose jitter and linearity are crucial but tend to be undermined by automatic P&R.","PeriodicalId":286139,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126380696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yizhuo Wang, T. Zou, Bowen Chen, Shujiang Ji, Chaoxuan Zhang, N. Yan
{"title":"A 7.9-14.3GHz -243.3dB FoMT Sub-Sampling PLL with Transformer-Based Dual-Mode VCO in 40nm CMOS","authors":"Yizhuo Wang, T. Zou, Bowen Chen, Shujiang Ji, Chaoxuan Zhang, N. Yan","doi":"10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634839","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development of modern wireless communication systems call for high quality frequency synthesizers. Microwave and 5G mm-wave communication require low jitter and wide frequency range synthesizers. This paper presents a 135fsrms jitter, 7.9-14.3GHz PLL integrated with a wide-band dual-mode VCO, as shown in Fig.1. Subsampling technique [1] is used to achieve ultra-low in-band phase noise. The dual-mode VCO is based on an “8”-shaped coil transformer and the resonant tank has balanced impedance at each mode. Compared with previous multi-mode VCOs, the proposed VCO shows identical performance at the two modes and PLL achieves low jitter across all frequency bands.","PeriodicalId":286139,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","volume":"76 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114123491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yoontae Jung, Soon-Jae Kweon, Hyuntak Jeon, Taeju Lee, Injun Choi, Kyeongwon Jeong, Mi Kyung Kim, H. J. Lee, S. Ha, M. Je
{"title":"A 99.5dB-DR 5kHz-BW Closed-Loop Neural-Recording IC based on Continuous-Time Dynamic-Zoom ΔΣ ADC with Automatic AFE-Gain Control","authors":"Yoontae Jung, Soon-Jae Kweon, Hyuntak Jeon, Taeju Lee, Injun Choi, Kyeongwon Jeong, Mi Kyung Kim, H. J. Lee, S. Ha, M. Je","doi":"10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634824","url":null,"abstract":"Neural-recording ICs have been a key tool to unravel the mystery of the human brain and find treatments for various neurological diseases. Since neural signals inherently have a small amplitude and suffer from environmental interferences, conventional neural recording circuits have been mainly designed for low noise, high CMRR, and low power, using the structure with a high-gain amplifier and a low-resolution ADC [1] (Fig. 1). With the advent of closed-loop neurotherapeutics, stimulation artifacts have been a notorious obstacle in neural recording. To tackle this issue, a direct-conversion structure has been widely used due to its wide dynamic range [3] –[7]. However, the structure could not meet the bandwidth (BW) requirement of 5kHz and the input-referred noise (IRN) requirement of $7 mu V_{rms}$ simultaneously. In this paper, we present a closed-loop neural-recording IC using an adaptive automatic gain controller (AGC) and continuous-time dynamic-zoom $Delta Sigma$ ADC (CT-Zoom-ADC). By combining the AGC and CT-Zoom-ADC, the IRN performance is improved to $6.1 mu V_{rms}$ at 5kHz BW, and the saturation issue of the conventional amplifier-based recording structure is alleviated. Also, the recording IC can rapidly recover the signal from transient artifacts thanks to the digital auto-ranging block (DAR).","PeriodicalId":286139,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125106812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 48Gb/s 2.4pJ/b PAM-4 Baud-Rate Digital CDR with Stochastic Phase Detection Technique in 40nm CMOS","authors":"Haram Ju, Kwangho Lee, W. Jung, D. Jeong","doi":"10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634737","url":null,"abstract":"Since oversampling-based clock and data recovery (CDR) requires additional clocking power [1–2], Baud-rate CDR draws attraction in PAM-4 receivers (RXs) recently. The most popular PAM-4 Baud-rate CDR utilizes Mueller-Müller CDR, which requires an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) [3–4]. However, these ADC-based PAM-4 CDR designs are power-hungry due to the use of high-speed and high-resolution ADCs and bulky digital back-ends including decision-feedback equalizers (DFEs) and feed-forward equalizers (FFEs) in the digital domain. For simplicity, a sign-sign Mueller-Müller phase detector (SS-MMPD) was presented that employed two voltage references instead of using an ADC [5]. Meanwhile, machine learning (ML)-inspired design procedure of the stochastic phase-frequency detector (SPFD) is introduced for a 2x-oversampling referenceless CDR [6]. This paper extends the design procedure to find the optimal weights for the PAM-4 Baud-rate phase detector (PD). As a result, the proposed stochastic phase detector (SPD) achieves an optimal phase-locking capability that maximizes the PAM-4 vertical eye opening (VEO) compared to the conventional logical approaches.","PeriodicalId":286139,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125226914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shogo Harada, Mahfuzul Islam, T. Hisakado, O. Wada
{"title":"A process scalable voltage-reference-free temperature sensor utilizing MOSFET threshold voltage variation","authors":"Shogo Harada, Mahfuzul Islam, T. Hisakado, O. Wada","doi":"10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/A-SSCC53895.2021.9634727","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a temperature sensing mechanism that utilizes the threshold voltage variation of MOSFETs. The sensor statistically selects two MOSFETs with an appropriate threshold voltage difference to obtain a current ratio proportional to absolute temperature. As the threshold voltage difference acts as a voltage reference, a wide-voltage operation becomes possible without the need for an accurate voltage reference. The sensor sorts the current values during the start-up and automatically selects the two MOSFETs based on predefined rank values. A cell-based implementation of the sensor in a 65 nm bulk low-power CMOS process shows a peak-to-peak inaccuracy of $-0.5/+1.4^{circ}{mathrm {C}}$ after a 2-point calibration over $0sim 100^{circ}{mathrm {C}}$, and a line sensitivity of $14^{circ}{mathrm {C/V}}$ over 0.8~1.2 V operation.","PeriodicalId":286139,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131565067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}