World journal of clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Prognostic impact of inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers in pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Macarena Teja, María I Garrido, Abrahams Ocanto, Felipe Couñago","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.101191","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.101191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic cancer is usually associated with a poor prognosis. Surgery is the main curative treatment but pancreatic operations are aggressive and new tools that help clinicians to predict surgical and prognostic outcomes are necessary. Lu <i>et al</i> recently published a retrospective, single centre cohort study evaluating the impact of seven nutritional and inflammatory markers in pancreatic cancer surgical patients: The albumin-to-globulin ratio, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), nutritional risk index, and the geriatric nutritional risk index. A significant correlation was found between the PNI, SII, NLR, and PLR and a hospital discharge of less than 15 days. In a univariable analysis, PNI, SII, NLR and PLR were significantly related to recurrence-free survival and, in a multivariable analysis PNI was associated with overall survival. Various meta-analyses corroborate the results in terms of prognosis but individual studies are discordant on their usefulness. Besides, the cut-off values for these markers vary significantly between studies and there are no clinical trials comparing them to identify the most relevant ones. These are limitations when implementing nutritional and inflammatory biomarkers into clinical practice and further studies are needed in order to answer these questions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"101191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving postoperative outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer: Inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers.","authors":"Chun-Han Cheng, Wen-Rui Hao, Tzu-Hurng Cheng","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.99651","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.99651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial assesses the prognostic value of preoperative inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers in patients undergoing surgical resection for pancreatic cancer. Lu <i>et al</i> evaluated the ability of seven biomarkers to predict postoperative recovery and long-term outcomes. These biomarkers were albumin-to-globulin ratio, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, nutritional risk index, and geriatric nutritional risk index. The PNI was found to be a strong predictor of both overall and recurrence-free survival, underscoring its clinical relevance in managing patients with pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"99651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proton pump inhibitors and all-cause mortality risk among cancer patients.","authors":"Arunkumar Krishnan, Carolin Victoria Schneider, Declan Walsh","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.99240","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.99240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used, including among cancer patients, to manage gastroesophageal reflux and other gastric acid-related disorders. Recent evidence suggests associations between long-term PPI use and higher risks for various adverse health outcomes, including greater mortality.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the association between PPI use and all-cause mortality among cancer patients by a comprehensive analysis after adjustment for various confounders and a robust methodological approach to minimize bias.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used data from the TriNetX research network, with electronic health records from multiple healthcare organizations. The study employed a new-user, active comparator design, which compared newly treated PPI users with non-users and newly treated histamine2 receptor antagonists (H2RA) users among adult cancer patients. Newly prescribed PPIs (esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, or rabeprazole) users were compared to non-users or newly prescribed H2RAs (cimetidine, famotidine, nizatidine, or ranitidine) users. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Each patient in the main group was matched to a patient in the control group using 1:1 propensity score matching to reduce confounding effects. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the follow-up period (median 5.4 ± 1.8 years for PPI users and 6.5 ± 1.0 years for non-users), PPI users demonstrated a higher all-cause mortality rate than non-users after 1 year, 2 years, and at the end of follow up (HRs: 2.34-2.72). Compared with H2RA users, PPI users demonstrated a higher rate of all-cause mortality HR: 1.51 (95%CI: 1.41-1.69). Similar results were observed across sensitivity analyses by excluding deaths from the first 9 months and 1-year post-exposure, confirming the robustness of these findings. In a sensitivity analysis, we analyzed all-cause mortality outcomes between former PPI users and individuals who have never used PPIs, providing insights into the long-term effects of past PPI use. In addition, at 1-year follow-up, the analysis revealed a significant difference in mortality rates between former PPI users and non-users (HR: 1.84; 95%CI: 1.82-1.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PPI use among cancer patients was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to non-users or H2RA users. These findings emphasize the need for cautious use of PPIs in cancer patients and suggest that alternative treatments should be considered when clinically feasible. However, further studies are needed to corroborate our findings, given the significant adverse outcomes in cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"99240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sine oculis homeobox homolog family function in gastrointestinal cancer: Progression and comprehensive analysis.","authors":"Yang-Zheng Lan, Zheng Wu, Wen-Jia Chen, Xin-Ning Yu, Hua-Tao Wu, Jing Liu","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.97163","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.97163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sine oculis homeobox homolog (SIX) family, a group of transcription factors characterized by a conserved DNA-binding homology domain, plays a critical role in orchestrating embryonic development and organogenesis across various organisms, including humans. Comprising six distinct members, from <i>SIX1</i> to <i>SIX6</i>, each member contributes uniquely to the development and differentiation of diverse tissues and organs, underscoring the versatility of the SIX family. Dysregulation or mutations in <i>SIX</i> genes have been implicated in a spectrum of developmental disorders, as well as in tumor initiation and progression, highlighting their pivotal role in maintaining normal developmental trajectories and cellular functions. Efforts to target the transcriptional complex of the <i>SIX</i> gene family have emerged as a promising strategy to inhibit tumor development. While the development of inhibitors targeting this gene family is still in its early stages, the significant potential of such interventions holds promise for future therapeutic advances. Therefore, this review aimed to comprehensively explore the advancements in understanding the SIX family within gastrointestinal cancers, focusing on its critical role in normal organ development and its implications in gastrointestinal cancers, including gastric, pancreatic, colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinomas. In conclusion, this review deepened the understanding of the functional roles of the SIX family and explored the potential of utilizing this gene family for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"97163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring a new chapter in traditional Chinese medicine: The potential of <i>Calculus bovis</i> in liver cancer treatment.","authors":"Huang Du, Hong-Bin Chen, Yu Zhao","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1520","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the ongoing quest for new treatments in medicine, traditional Chinese medicine offers unique insights and potential. Recently, studies on the ability of <i>Calculus bovis</i> to inhibit M2-type tumour-associated macrophage polarisation by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway to suppress liver cancer have undoubtedly revealed new benefits and hope for this field of research. The purpose of this article is to comment on this study and explore its strengths and weaknesses, thereby providing ideas for the future treatment of liver cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"15 12","pages":"1520-1527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEK::AFF2 fusion-associated middle ear non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma: A case report.","authors":"Yi-Wen Sun, Ying Zhou, Xiao-Yang Liu, Dan-Hua Shen","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1501","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the middle ear is rare, with non-keratinizing basaloid types being exceptionally uncommon. Distinguishing these cancers, often caused by viral factors (<i>e.g.</i>, human papillomavirus or Epstein-Barr virus), or specific genetic alterations (<i>e.g.</i>, bromodomain-containing protein 4-nuclear protein in <i>testis fusion gene</i> or <i>Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1</i> gene fused with FLI chromosomal rearrangement), from other cranial conditions, is difficult. The recently identified DEK::AFF2 non-keratinizing SCC (NKSCC) is a novel subtype, fitting the World Health Organization classification of head and neck neoplasms. Less than 30 cases have been reported, highlighting the need for further studies.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 55-year-old female patient first exhibited signs of illness over 10 years ago with persistent discomfort in the left external auditory canal, accompanied by skin irritation and bleeding. One month prior to seeking professional help, she experienced hearing loss and a sensation of obstruction in the affected ear, intermittently accompanied by ringing sounds, but no dizziness. An unusual mass was detected in the left auditory canal, confirmed through biopsy as moderately differentiated epithelial squamous cancer cells. This led to her admission to our hospital, where the final diagnosis confirmed as \"NKSCC linked to a positive DEK::AFF2 fusion\". The patient underwent surgical excision, followed by three cycles of local radiation therapy. Yet, metastasis to the lumbar vertebrae occurred 19 months post-treatment, followed by neck lymph node swelling detected three months after a physical examination. The patient died nine months later despite surgical removal of the metastatic lesion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>DEK::AFF2</i> gene fusion-associated NKSCC of the middle ear carries a grim prognosis and presents an emerging challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"15 12","pages":"1501-1506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paclitaxel for second-line treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: A multicenter retrospective Italian study.","authors":"Morena Fasano, Mario Pirozzi, Pasquale Vitale, Vincenzo Damiano, Graziana Ronzino, Stefano Farese, Vincenzo Carfora, Giuseppina Ciccarelli, Ilaria Di Giovanni, Sergio Facchini, Gregorio Cennamo, Michele Caraglia, Fortunato Ciardiello, Raffaele Addeo","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1468","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) accounts for 3% of all malignant tumors in Italy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy is first-line treatment for SCCHN; however, second-line treatment options are limited. Taxanes are widely used for combination therapy of SCCHN, as clinical trials have shown their efficacy in patients with this disease, particularly in patients with prior therapy.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To perform a multicenter retrospective study on the efficacy and safety of weekly paclitaxel for SCCHN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All patients were previously treated with at least one systemic therapy regimen, which included platinum-based therapy in the vast majority. No patient received prior immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 3.4 months and median overall survival (mOS) was 6.5 months. Subgroup analysis was performed according to three principal prognostic factors: Smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index. Analysis demonstrated reduced survival, both mOS and mPFS, in the unfavorable prognostic groups, with the biggest deltas observed in mOS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Weekly paclitaxel provided favorable survival and disease control rates, with low severe adverse events. Paclitaxel is a safe and valid therapeutic option for patients with SCCHN who received prior therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"15 12","pages":"1468-1480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic pancreatitis as a driving factor for pancreatic cancer: An epidemiological understanding.","authors":"Amlan Das, Akash Bararia, Sanghamitra Mukherjee, Nilabja Sikdar","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1459","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The retrospective study by Lew <i>et al</i> (2022) examined the rising hospitalization rates for chronic pancreatitis (CP) and its association with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), revealing significant ethno-racial disparities and risk factors. Overweight black men aged 40-59 years and white men over 40 years with higher incomes showed an elevated risk of PDAC among CP patients. The study, which included 14.2 million admissions from 2016-2017, found that 2.6% of adult patients were diagnosed with CP, with white males being the majority. Multivariate regression analysis identified men, black individuals, those aged 40-59 years, and individuals with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 29.9 as having an increased risk for CP. Moreover, 0.78% of CP patients also had PDAC, with older age and BMI being significant risk factors for developing PDAC in CP patients. The study also highlighted disparities in healthcare access and utilization among different socioeconomic and ethno-racial groups, which may impact the risk and outcomes of CP and PDAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"15 12","pages":"1459-1462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orbital and sinus rhabdomyosarcoma with concurrent central retinal artery occlusion: A case report.","authors":"Yu Ma, Bo Jia, Xiao-Juan He, Yue-Xia Cai, Jin-Ying Chen, Jing-Xiang Zhong","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1507","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Both rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) are rare medical diseases, and their simultaneous occurrence in the same patient is extraordinarily uncommon. This study presents a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, diagnostic imaging results, and therapeutic interventions of a patient with both conditions.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>In this report, we present a 30-year-old male who presented with significant protrusion, pain and vision loss and was diagnosed with RMS in the orbit and sinus with CRAO. Following resection of the sinus and orbital mass and enucleation of the right eye, the patient experienced symptom improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This article provides an in-depth analysis of the patient's clinical manifestations, the tumor's anatomical origin, and the etiology of CRAO. The concurrent manifestation of both RMS and CRAO is exceedingly uncommon in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"15 12","pages":"1507-1513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic ulcer with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: A case report.","authors":"Yun Luo, Chen-Ying Li, Yu-Qing Wang, Sheng-Min Xiang, Cheng Zhao","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1514","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic skin ulcers are a risk factor for the development of skin tumors. In patients with diabetes, chronic refractory ulcers may also contribute to higher susceptibility to skin tumors. Timely surgical removal of chronic and nonhealing diabetic foot ulcers can effectively prevent progression to squamous cell carcinoma. Such cases may be misdiagnosed owing to currently insufficient clinical evidence. However, in cases of chronic ulcer wounds, it is crucial to enhance clinical awareness regarding their potential progression into malignant lesions.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>An 84-year-old male patient with diabetes presented with a significantly ulcerated area on his foot. The ulcer had been present to varying degrees since 1996. Between 2012 and July 2019, even after receiving treatments such as herbal medicines or heat clearance and detoxification complete healing of the wound was not achieved. In July 2020, histopathological analysis confirmed a well-differentiated cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. After the treatments, the ulcer wound healed slowly and did not expand.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Potentially malignant lesions in chronic ulcer wounds should be identified and treated in a timely manner to prevent their progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"15 12","pages":"1514-1519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}