{"title":"Early detection of gallbladder cancer: Current status and future perspectives.","authors":"Yajnadatta Sarangi, Ashok Kumar","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i7.107781","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gall bladder cancer (GBC) remains a highly aggressive disease, with an overall 5-year dismal survival rate of 15%-20%. Its asymptomatic nature in very early stages and non-specific clinical presentations pose significant challenges to timely detection. Consequently, GBC often presents late, making it one of the most challenging cancers to manage. Surgery offers the best chance for long-term survival; however, only 10% of GBC patients are candidates for upfront resection, with the majority presenting in locally advanced or metastatic stages. Furthermore, GBC is generally resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, limiting the effectiveness of systemic therapy. Therefore, early diagnosis is crucial to offer the best treatment through surgical resection and to improve the outcome. Recent advancements in imaging technologies, biomarker discovery, and molecular diagnostics offer promising avenues for enhancing detection rates. Though non-invasive, most of them lack specificity, and the majority fail as an early diagnostic tool. This review examines the current status of early detection strategies for GBC, addresses the limitations of existing approaches, and explores the newer emerging diagnostic tools and techniques and how they can be exploited in future for its early detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 7","pages":"107781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12304979/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"World journal of clinical oncology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v16.i7.107781","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Gall bladder cancer (GBC) remains a highly aggressive disease, with an overall 5-year dismal survival rate of 15%-20%. Its asymptomatic nature in very early stages and non-specific clinical presentations pose significant challenges to timely detection. Consequently, GBC often presents late, making it one of the most challenging cancers to manage. Surgery offers the best chance for long-term survival; however, only 10% of GBC patients are candidates for upfront resection, with the majority presenting in locally advanced or metastatic stages. Furthermore, GBC is generally resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, limiting the effectiveness of systemic therapy. Therefore, early diagnosis is crucial to offer the best treatment through surgical resection and to improve the outcome. Recent advancements in imaging technologies, biomarker discovery, and molecular diagnostics offer promising avenues for enhancing detection rates. Though non-invasive, most of them lack specificity, and the majority fail as an early diagnostic tool. This review examines the current status of early detection strategies for GBC, addresses the limitations of existing approaches, and explores the newer emerging diagnostic tools and techniques and how they can be exploited in future for its early detection.
期刊介绍:
The WJCO is a high-quality, peer reviewed, open-access journal. The primary task of WJCO is to rapidly publish high-quality original articles, reviews, editorials, and case reports in the field of oncology. In order to promote productive academic communication, the peer review process for the WJCO is transparent; to this end, all published manuscripts are accompanied by the anonymized reviewers’ comments as well as the authors’ responses. The primary aims of the WJCO are to improve diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive modalities and the skills of clinicians and to guide clinical practice in oncology. Scope: Art of Oncology, Biology of Neoplasia, Breast Cancer, Cancer Prevention and Control, Cancer-Related Complications, Diagnosis in Oncology, Gastrointestinal Cancer, Genetic Testing For Cancer, Gynecologic Cancer, Head and Neck Cancer, Hematologic Malignancy, Lung Cancer, Melanoma, Molecular Oncology, Neurooncology, Palliative and Supportive Care, Pediatric Oncology, Surgical Oncology, Translational Oncology, and Urologic Oncology.