World journal of clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Cohort study on the treatment of <i>BRAF V600E</i> mutant metastatic colorectal cancer with integrated Chinese and western medicine.","authors":"Jiang-Yu Bian, Yu-Fang Feng, Wen-Ting He, Tong Zhang","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.93670","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.93670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with <i>BRAF V600E</i> mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have a low incidence rate, poor biological activity, suboptimal response to conventional treatments, and a poor prognosis. In the previous cohort study on mCRC conducted by our team, it was observed that integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment could significantly prolong the overall survival (OS) of patients with colorectal cancer. Therefore, we further explored the survival benefits in the population with <i>BRAF V600E</i> mutant mCRC.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of integrated Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of <i>BRAF V600E</i> mutant metastatic colorectal cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort study was conducted on patients with <i>BRAF V600E</i> mutant metastatic colorectal cancer admitted to Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2016 to December 2022. The patients were divided into two cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 34 cases were included, with 23 in Chinese-Western medicine cohort (cohort A) and 11 in Western medicine cohort (cohort B). The median overall survival was 19.9 months in cohort A and 14.2 months in cohort B, with a statistically significant difference (<i>P</i> = 0.038, hazard ratio = 0.46). The 1-3-year survival rates were 95.65% (22/23), 39.13% (9/23), and 26.09% (6/23) in cohort A, and 63.64% (7/11), 18.18% (2/11), and 9.09% (1/11) in cohort B, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed statistically significant differences in median OS between the two cohorts in the right colon, liver metastasis, chemotherapy, and first-line treatment subgroups (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integrated Chinese and Western medicine can prolong the survival and reduce the risk of death in patients with <i>BRAF V600E</i> mutant metastatic colorectal cancer, with more pronounced benefits observed in patients with right colon involvement, liver metastasis, combined chemotherapy, and first-line treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"93670"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing care for gastric cancer with overt bleeding: Is systemic therapy a valid option?","authors":"Emad Qayed","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.100943","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.100943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric cancer (GC) and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC) represent a significant burden globally, with complications such as overt bleeding (OB) further exacerbating patient outcomes. A recent study by Yao <i>et al</i> evaluated the effectiveness and safety of systematic treatment in GC/GEJC patients presenting with OB. Using propensity score matching, the study balanced the comparison groups to investigate overall survival and treatment-related adverse events. The study's findings emphasize that systematic therapy can be safe and effective and contribute to the ongoing debate about the management of advanced GC/GEJC with OB, highlighting the complexities of treatment decisions in these high-risk patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"100943"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the future: Mitochondrial genes and neural networks in predicting ovarian cancer prognosis and immunotherapy response.","authors":"Zhi-Jian Tang, Yuan-Ming Pan, Wei Li, Rui-Qiong Ma, Jian-Liu Wang","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.94813","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.94813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mitochondrial genes are involved in tumor metabolism in ovarian cancer (OC) and affect immune cell infiltration and treatment responses.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients diagnosed with OC using mitochondrial genes and neural networks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prognosis, immunotherapy efficacy, and next-generation sequencing data of patients with OC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. Mitochondrial genes were sourced from the MitoCarta3.0 database. The discovery cohort for model construction was created from 70% of the patients, whereas the remaining 30% constituted the validation cohort. Using the expression of mitochondrial genes as the predictor variable and based on neural network algorithm, the overall survival time and immunotherapy efficacy (complete or partial response) of patients were predicted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 375 patients with OC were included to construct the prognostic model, and 26 patients were included to construct the immune efficacy model. The average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the prognostic model was 0.7268 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7258-0.7278] in the discovery cohort and 0.6475 (95%CI: 0.6466-0.6484) in the validation cohort. The average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the immunotherapy efficacy model was 0.9444 (95%CI: 0.8333-1.0000) in the discovery cohort and 0.9167 (95%CI: 0.6667-1.0000) in the validation cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The application of mitochondrial genes and neural networks has the potential to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with OC, providing valuable insights into personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"94813"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extramedullary plasmacytoma with the uvula as first affected site: A case report.","authors":"Jing Yang, Hui Peng, Sheng-Ke Tu, Min Li, Kui Song","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.96131","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.96131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) represents one of the rarer forms of plasma cell malignancies, capable of impacting a variety of tissues and organs throughout the body. The majority of EMP cases are predominantly found in the head and neck region, especially within the laryngopharynx, as well as in the gastrointestinal tract. While there have been documented instances of oropharyngeal involvement in EMP cases in the academic literature, it is important to note that EMP specifically affecting the uvula is exceedingly uncommon. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that over 60% of epithelial carcinomas in the upper respiratory tract and oropharynx tend to metastasize to the cervical lymph nodes, indicating a propensity for regional spread in these types of cancers. In this context, we present a rare case of extramedullary plasmacytoma where the uvula served as the initially affected site. This case emphasizes the need for heightened awareness among clinicians regarding such unusual comorbidities, as early recognition and diagnosis can significantly influence patient management and treatment outcomes. In addition, a review of the relevant literature is included to further educate and inform healthcare professionals about this rare presentation, ultimately aiming to enhance clinical understanding and improve patient care in similar situations.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 51-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a slowly enlarging neck mass. A physical examination revealed a palpable left lymph node, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the oropharynx and the neck showed a soft tissue mass in the oropharynx and enlargement of multiple lymph nodes in the neck. The soft tissue mass was diagnosed as plasmacytoma by immunohistochemical analysis. Monoclonal immunoglobulins and bone marrow biopsy showed normal results. Therefore, we diagnosed that as EMP of the uvula. After four cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy dominated by bortezomib, MRI reexamination showed a significant reduction of the mass in the oropharynx and the cervical lymph nodes. Afterwards, the λ light chain returned to normal levels. There was no evidence of evolution to multiple myeloma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We have reported a rare case of extramedullary plasmacytoma with the uvula as the first affected site and the relevant literature is reviewed to improve clinicians' awareness of such rare comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"96131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving postoperative outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer: Inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers.","authors":"Chun-Han Cheng, Wen-Rui Hao, Tzu-Hurng Cheng","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.99651","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.99651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial assesses the prognostic value of preoperative inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers in patients undergoing surgical resection for pancreatic cancer. Lu <i>et al</i> evaluated the ability of seven biomarkers to predict postoperative recovery and long-term outcomes. These biomarkers were albumin-to-globulin ratio, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, nutritional risk index, and geriatric nutritional risk index. The PNI was found to be a strong predictor of both overall and recurrence-free survival, underscoring its clinical relevance in managing patients with pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"99651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic impact of inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers in pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Macarena Teja, María I Garrido, Abrahams Ocanto, Felipe Couñago","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.101191","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.101191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic cancer is usually associated with a poor prognosis. Surgery is the main curative treatment but pancreatic operations are aggressive and new tools that help clinicians to predict surgical and prognostic outcomes are necessary. Lu <i>et al</i> recently published a retrospective, single centre cohort study evaluating the impact of seven nutritional and inflammatory markers in pancreatic cancer surgical patients: The albumin-to-globulin ratio, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), nutritional risk index, and the geriatric nutritional risk index. A significant correlation was found between the PNI, SII, NLR, and PLR and a hospital discharge of less than 15 days. In a univariable analysis, PNI, SII, NLR and PLR were significantly related to recurrence-free survival and, in a multivariable analysis PNI was associated with overall survival. Various meta-analyses corroborate the results in terms of prognosis but individual studies are discordant on their usefulness. Besides, the cut-off values for these markers vary significantly between studies and there are no clinical trials comparing them to identify the most relevant ones. These are limitations when implementing nutritional and inflammatory biomarkers into clinical practice and further studies are needed in order to answer these questions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"101191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proton pump inhibitors and all-cause mortality risk among cancer patients.","authors":"Arunkumar Krishnan, Carolin Victoria Schneider, Declan Walsh","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.99240","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.99240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used, including among cancer patients, to manage gastroesophageal reflux and other gastric acid-related disorders. Recent evidence suggests associations between long-term PPI use and higher risks for various adverse health outcomes, including greater mortality.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the association between PPI use and all-cause mortality among cancer patients by a comprehensive analysis after adjustment for various confounders and a robust methodological approach to minimize bias.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used data from the TriNetX research network, with electronic health records from multiple healthcare organizations. The study employed a new-user, active comparator design, which compared newly treated PPI users with non-users and newly treated histamine2 receptor antagonists (H2RA) users among adult cancer patients. Newly prescribed PPIs (esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, or rabeprazole) users were compared to non-users or newly prescribed H2RAs (cimetidine, famotidine, nizatidine, or ranitidine) users. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Each patient in the main group was matched to a patient in the control group using 1:1 propensity score matching to reduce confounding effects. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the follow-up period (median 5.4 ± 1.8 years for PPI users and 6.5 ± 1.0 years for non-users), PPI users demonstrated a higher all-cause mortality rate than non-users after 1 year, 2 years, and at the end of follow up (HRs: 2.34-2.72). Compared with H2RA users, PPI users demonstrated a higher rate of all-cause mortality HR: 1.51 (95%CI: 1.41-1.69). Similar results were observed across sensitivity analyses by excluding deaths from the first 9 months and 1-year post-exposure, confirming the robustness of these findings. In a sensitivity analysis, we analyzed all-cause mortality outcomes between former PPI users and individuals who have never used PPIs, providing insights into the long-term effects of past PPI use. In addition, at 1-year follow-up, the analysis revealed a significant difference in mortality rates between former PPI users and non-users (HR: 1.84; 95%CI: 1.82-1.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PPI use among cancer patients was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to non-users or H2RA users. These findings emphasize the need for cautious use of PPIs in cancer patients and suggest that alternative treatments should be considered when clinically feasible. However, further studies are needed to corroborate our findings, given the significant adverse outcomes in cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"99240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sine oculis homeobox homolog family function in gastrointestinal cancer: Progression and comprehensive analysis.","authors":"Yang-Zheng Lan, Zheng Wu, Wen-Jia Chen, Xin-Ning Yu, Hua-Tao Wu, Jing Liu","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.97163","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v16.i1.97163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sine oculis homeobox homolog (SIX) family, a group of transcription factors characterized by a conserved DNA-binding homology domain, plays a critical role in orchestrating embryonic development and organogenesis across various organisms, including humans. Comprising six distinct members, from <i>SIX1</i> to <i>SIX6</i>, each member contributes uniquely to the development and differentiation of diverse tissues and organs, underscoring the versatility of the SIX family. Dysregulation or mutations in <i>SIX</i> genes have been implicated in a spectrum of developmental disorders, as well as in tumor initiation and progression, highlighting their pivotal role in maintaining normal developmental trajectories and cellular functions. Efforts to target the transcriptional complex of the <i>SIX</i> gene family have emerged as a promising strategy to inhibit tumor development. While the development of inhibitors targeting this gene family is still in its early stages, the significant potential of such interventions holds promise for future therapeutic advances. Therefore, this review aimed to comprehensively explore the advancements in understanding the SIX family within gastrointestinal cancers, focusing on its critical role in normal organ development and its implications in gastrointestinal cancers, including gastric, pancreatic, colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinomas. In conclusion, this review deepened the understanding of the functional roles of the SIX family and explored the potential of utilizing this gene family for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"97163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring a new chapter in traditional Chinese medicine: The potential of <i>Calculus bovis</i> in liver cancer treatment.","authors":"Huang Du, Hong-Bin Chen, Yu Zhao","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1520","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the ongoing quest for new treatments in medicine, traditional Chinese medicine offers unique insights and potential. Recently, studies on the ability of <i>Calculus bovis</i> to inhibit M2-type tumour-associated macrophage polarisation by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway to suppress liver cancer have undoubtedly revealed new benefits and hope for this field of research. The purpose of this article is to comment on this study and explore its strengths and weaknesses, thereby providing ideas for the future treatment of liver cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"15 12","pages":"1520-1527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEK::AFF2 fusion-associated middle ear non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma: A case report.","authors":"Yi-Wen Sun, Ying Zhou, Xiao-Yang Liu, Dan-Hua Shen","doi":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1501","DOIUrl":"10.5306/wjco.v15.i12.1501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the middle ear is rare, with non-keratinizing basaloid types being exceptionally uncommon. Distinguishing these cancers, often caused by viral factors (<i>e.g.</i>, human papillomavirus or Epstein-Barr virus), or specific genetic alterations (<i>e.g.</i>, bromodomain-containing protein 4-nuclear protein in <i>testis fusion gene</i> or <i>Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1</i> gene fused with FLI chromosomal rearrangement), from other cranial conditions, is difficult. The recently identified DEK::AFF2 non-keratinizing SCC (NKSCC) is a novel subtype, fitting the World Health Organization classification of head and neck neoplasms. Less than 30 cases have been reported, highlighting the need for further studies.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 55-year-old female patient first exhibited signs of illness over 10 years ago with persistent discomfort in the left external auditory canal, accompanied by skin irritation and bleeding. One month prior to seeking professional help, she experienced hearing loss and a sensation of obstruction in the affected ear, intermittently accompanied by ringing sounds, but no dizziness. An unusual mass was detected in the left auditory canal, confirmed through biopsy as moderately differentiated epithelial squamous cancer cells. This led to her admission to our hospital, where the final diagnosis confirmed as \"NKSCC linked to a positive DEK::AFF2 fusion\". The patient underwent surgical excision, followed by three cycles of local radiation therapy. Yet, metastasis to the lumbar vertebrae occurred 19 months post-treatment, followed by neck lymph node swelling detected three months after a physical examination. The patient died nine months later despite surgical removal of the metastatic lesion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>DEK::AFF2</i> gene fusion-associated NKSCC of the middle ear carries a grim prognosis and presents an emerging challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":23802,"journal":{"name":"World journal of clinical oncology","volume":"15 12","pages":"1501-1506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}