Veterinary dermatology最新文献

{"title":"Equivalence in intradermal reactions to histamine and compound 48/80 in dogs before and after sedation with dexmedetomidine or a 1:20 combination of medetomidine and vatinoxan.","authors":"Domenico Santoro, Raiane A Moura, Stuart R McKenzie, Ludovica Chiavaccini","doi":"10.1111/vde.13306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.13306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intradermal allergen testing (IDAT) is commonly used to formulate allergen-specific immunotherapy, a pillar treatment for canine atopic dermatitis. Many sedatives have shown histaminergic or anti-histaminergic effects and thus been deemed unsuitable for IDAT.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this study was to determine whether, in healthy dogs, dexmedetomidine (Dexdomitor) or a 1:20 combination of medetomidine and vatinoxan (Zenalpha) will affect intradermal reactions compared to unsedated dogs.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Ten privately owned healthy dogs were enrolled in this equivalence study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Wheal formation was subjectively and objectively assessed in conscious then sedated dogs. Dogs were randomly sedated with either Dexdomitor (dexmedetomidine [0.5 mg/m²]) or Zenalpha (medetomidine [1 mg/m²/vatinoxan] 20 mg/m²) intramuscularly. Once sedated, five 10-fold histamine (100-0.01 μg/mL) and compound 48/80 (200-0.02 μg/mL) dilutions were intradermally injected into the lateral thorax. The study was repeated on the opposite side with the alternative sedation 1 week later. Quality of sedation, cardiorespiratory function and rectal temperature were recorded every 5 min.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no difference in the median values of the reactions with either sedative when compared to unsedated dogs. Dexdomitor and Zenalpha achieved an equivalence in both subjective and objective scoring systems for all concentrations tested. A faster median time to sedation (10 vs. 18 min, p = 0.013) was seen with Zenalpha compared to Dexdomitor. Although both sedatives depressed the cardiovascular function, such parameters were less affected by Zenalpha than by Dexdomitor (p ≤ 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Owing to the lack of effects on wheal formation, both sedatives are appropriate for sedating dogs undergoing IDAT. Although, such results should be validated in allergic dogs. Zenalpha may induce more rapid and reliable sedation than Dexdomitor.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142475940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of an oral chew containing fibre and Bacillus velezensis C-3102 in the management of anal sac impaction in dogs.","authors":"Marta Salichs, Shea Beasley, Josep Homedes","doi":"10.1111/vde.13304","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vde.13304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anal sac impaction is common in dogs. Manual expression may be effective, yet recurrence can be problematic. To facilitate physiological emptying of the sacs, it is important to maintain bulky stool consistency.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study evaluated if supplementation with a complementary feed product formulated as a chew containing Bacillus velezensis C-3102 and fibre sources, reduced anal sac impaction recurrence.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Thirty-five client-owned dogs with anal sac impaction were enrolled.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Prospective, randomised, negative controlled field clinical trial with 22 dogs receiving the chew orally for 90 consecutive days and 13 dogs with no treatment. Dogs were evaluated on Day (D) 30, 60, 90 and 120 for the presence of clinical signs of anal sac impaction and the need to empty the sacs. Any animal that required manual expression of the sacs was classified as a failure and was withdrawn from the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cumulative percentage of failures in the untreated group increased steadily from the first follow-up visit on D30 (15%) to the last visit on D120 (61.5%). However, in the group receiving the chew the cumulative percentage of failures increased at a much slower rate and stabilised at 19% from the D90 visit (last administration day) until the end of the study on D120, with statistically significant differences (p = 0.025). Animals receiving the chew also showed reduction in clinical signs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical relevance: </strong>The probiotic and fibre chew was a safe and effective management option for recurrent anal sac impaction in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142393690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uveodermatological syndrome associated with alopecia areata in a one-year-old female spayed Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dog.","authors":"Barbara G McMahill, Sophie Gilbert, Jamie Haddad, Janelle Novak, Maria Shank, Verena K Affolter","doi":"10.1111/vde.13303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.13303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uveodermatological syndrome and alopecia areata are autoimmune disorders causing ocular and dermatological inflammation and alopecia, respectively, in dogs. This is the first report to document concurrent development of the two diseases in a dog, as has been reported in human patients. Clinical presentation and histopathological diagnosis, treatment and clinical follow-up are described.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterising the expression of the organic cation transporter OCT3 in cutaneous papillomas of dogs.","authors":"Berenice Liyare Sanz Ressel, Gimena Gomez Castro, Eduardo Carlos Mórtola, Adriana Raquel Massone, Claudio Gustavo Barbeito","doi":"10.1111/vde.13302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.13302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The identification of the activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway as a frequent molecular event in canine cutaneous papillomas (CPs) has provided the rational foundation to explore novel molecular-targeted therapies. Recent evidence indicates that metformin reduces the size of CPs in mice by inhibiting the mTOR signalling pathway. These effects require the expression of the organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3/SLC22A3), a well-known metformin uptake transporter.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>The aim of the present study was to characterise the expression pattern of the metformin uptake transporter OCT3 in canine samples of CP that have shown activation of the mTOR signalling pathway in order to predict if this hyperplastic epidermal lesion is potentially sensitive to metformin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expression of OCT3 was evaluated by immunohistochemical investigation in sections of a previously constructed tissue microarray containing 28 samples of canine CP and compared with that previously evaluated for the mTOR activation marker pS6.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OCT3 was highly expressed in the membrane and cytoplasm of the basal and suprabasal epidermal cells in all samples of canine CP. This OCT3 expression was localised at similar epidermal compartments to those observed for pS6.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>These results show that canine CPs exhibit the expression of surrogate markers that suggest sensitivity to metformin, such as upregulated OCT3 and pS6 expression. Taken together, these findings provide the rationale for the early assessment of the use of metformin as a mechanism-based therapeutic approach for treating canine patients with persistent or multiple CPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canine exfoliative cutaneous lupus erythematosus in two mixed breed littermates.","authors":"Mirabela Oana Dumitrache, Aurora Livia Ursache, Corina Toma, Andrada Negoescu, Stefan Jonas Rietmann, Tosso Leeb, Marie-Christine Cadiergues","doi":"10.1111/vde.13301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.13301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine exfoliative cutaneous lupus erythematosus (ECLE) is the rarest variant of cutaneous lupus in dogs and has strong breed predilections. This report presents the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of two ECLE cases in mixed breed littermates and confirms the expected genetic mutation. A therapeutic response to oclacitinib also is documented.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hair fragility (trichorrhexis nodosa) in alopecic Pomeranian dogs.","authors":"Erin Brennan, Jonna Juhola, Ewan A Ferguson, Anette Loeffler, Rosario Cerundolo, Anke Hendricks, Ross Bond","doi":"10.1111/vde.13296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.13296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While alopecia associated with hair cycle arrest (HCA, Alopecia X) is well-recognised in Pomeranian dogs, the authors are unaware of reports of concurrent hair fragility.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>Following the observation of frequent hair shaft abnormalities in alopecic Pomeranians, we hypothesised that hair fragility events would be more frequent in dogs with a phenotype of HCA when compared to dogs with normal coats.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Eight alopecic Pomeranian dogs or crosses with a phenotype of HCA and 36 unaffected Pomeranians with owner-reported normal hair coats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>All affected dogs underwent dermatological examination and clinicopathological evaluations. Hair samples, plucked from affected areas or obtained by brushing from unaffected dogs, were examined microscopically for structural abnormalities. Hair fragility events were characterised as trichorrhexis nodosa (TN) or longitudinal splits and were expressed per 10 mg of hair. A reference interval was calculated from the number of hair fragility events in the samples from unaffected dogs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The upper reference limit (with 90% confidence) from samples of 35 unaffected Pomeranians (one outlier excluded) was 9.75 hair fragility events per 10 mg of hair. The median (range) of fragility events in eight dogs with a phenotype of HCA was 66.0 (30.2-166.7) per 10 mg of hair.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Clinicians should routinely perform trichography in Pomeranians with HCA because abundant hair abnormalities, particularly TN, may contribute to poor hair coat quality. Further studies are required to establish the pathophysiology of and treatments for these fragility events and to determine their predictive value for HCA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated insights into the molecular pathogenesis of canine atopic dermatitis.","authors":"Frane Banovic","doi":"10.1111/vde.13300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.13300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and chronic inflammatory skin disease with frequent relapses. The genomics revolution has greatly contributed and revolutionised our knowledge of human AD; understanding the molecular skin fingerprint of AD and associated pathogenic immune pathways has led to preclinical assessments of several novel treatments. Initial studies using microarray analysis to analyse transcriptome (gene expression) changes provided relevant insight on the inflammatory and structural changes occurring at the time of acute or chronic AD skin lesions, or after immunomodulating treatments with drugs ciclosporin and dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody anti-IL4 receptor. The studies revealed that human AD is characterised by the activation of multiple cytokine pathways (predominance of T helper cell [Th]2 with some activation of Th1, Th17 and Th22) as well as dysregulated expression of barrier components in the skin. There are several reports on the expression of different single molecular targets (e.g. interleukin [IL]-13, CCL17 and periostin) in spontaneous canine AD (cAD). However, significant studies of the transcriptome have been limited to a single microarray study analysing chronic AD skin lesions in dogs. While revealing a large number of genes differentially expressed in cAD skin, the small sample size (n = 13 dogs) and the lack of changes in key epidermal barrier and inflammatory cytokine genes in the microarrays have inhibited discussion towards specific immunological changes. This review summarises the current literature regarding the molecular mechanisms of spontaneous cAD, including the recent data regarding RNA sequencing, and compares some pathogenic aspects to the previously published data from human AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of commercial next-generation sequencing assays to conventional culture methods for bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of samples obtained from clinical cases of canine superficial bacterial folliculitis.","authors":"Kimberly Smart, Jason B Pieper, Austin K Viall, James O Noxon, Darren J Berger","doi":"10.1111/vde.13299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.13299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing is an important step in timely therapeutic decisions for canine superficial bacterial folliculitis (SBF), commonly caused by Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers the appeal of potentially expedited results with complete detection of bacterial organisms and associated resistance genes compared to culture. Limited studies exist comparing the two methodologies for clinical samples.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>To compare and contrast genotypic and phenotypic methods for bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility from cases of canine SBF.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Twenty-four client-owned dogs with lesions consistent with SBF were enrolled.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A sterile culturette swab was used to sample dogs with SBF lesions. The swab was rinsed in 0.9 mL of sterile phosphate-buffered saline and vortexed to create a homogenous solution. Two swabs for NGS laboratories (Labs) and one swab for culture (Culture Lab) were randomly sampled from this solution and submitted for bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistical difference regarding turnaround time for NGS Labs compared to Culture Lab was found. NGS Lab 1 identified more organisms than NGS Lab 2 and Culture Lab, which were both statistically significant. There was no statistical difference in detection frequency for Staphylococcus spp. among all laboratories. There was poor agreement for the presence of meticillin resistance and most antimicrobials among all laboratories.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Utilisation of NGS as a replacement for traditional culture when sampling canine SBF lesions is not supported at this time.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canine pigmented viral plaques associated with application of potent topical glucocorticoids","authors":"Michela De Lucia, Daria Denti, Nadine Angie Werlen, Anna Sophie Ramsauer","doi":"10.1111/vde.13298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.13298","url":null,"abstract":"A six‐year‐old atopic boxer presented with pigmented viral plaques on the interdigital spaces and pinnae following treatment with potent topical glucocorticoids. The lesions regressed after treatment was discontinued, and recurred each time a topical glucocorticoid was resumed. A <jats:italic>Chipapillomavirus</jats:italic> was amplified from lesional tissue.","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using colorimetric in situ hybridisation method for FcaPV-2 to estimate postsurgical prognosis in feline Bowenoid in situ carcinoma.","authors":"Francesca Abramo, Maurizio Mazzei, Mario Forzan, Giorgia Giannetti, Francesco Albanese, Erica Melchiotti, Giordana Zanna, Marta Vascellari","doi":"10.1111/vde.13297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.13297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Feline Bowenoid in situ carcinoma (BISC) is frequently associated with Felis catus papillomavirus-2 (FcaPV-2). Although surgical excision of BISC is expected to be curative, recurrent lesions are reported and it is not known whether it is a consequence of incomplete surgery or residual viral load.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To combine colorimetric in situ hybridisation (CISH) and quantitative (q)PCR for the detection of viral DNA, and to correlate the clinical outcome of cats with BISC in which FcaPV-2 DNA is detected at surgical margins.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Twenty-seven cats with a histopathological diagnosis of BISC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sections including core and margins of the lesions were used for histopathological evaluation, qPCR and CISH. After surgical removal of the lesion, clinical follow-up data were recorded for 6 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six of 12 cases in which all four histological margins were evaluable were used to correlate the infection status at the margins with the follow-up data. Four showed margin positivity, of which half relapsed as expected and half cured; two cases were negative, of which one cured as expected while the other relapsed. Fifteen cases where only three, two or one of the histological margins were evaluable, were considered to adequately correlate the status of infection with the follow-up data if CISH was positive. Follow-up data were available for three with positive margins: one relapsed while the other two were cured.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Wide clinical surgical margins are always recommended for neoplastic conditions, yet there was no evidence that CISH margin examination would be beneficial in predicting recurrence in this viral-induced lesion.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}