Veterinary dermatology最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics of Hair Cycle Arrest in Toy Poodles: A Retrospective Comparison With Pomeranians.","authors":"Akira Ueyama, Hazumu Amatuji, Keita Iyori, Yun-Hsia Hsiao","doi":"10.1111/vde.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hair cycle arrest (HCA), known as alopecia X, is an alopecia disorder most commonly reported in Nordic breeds-particularly Pomeranians. Toy poodles (TPs) also are frequently affected, yet their clinical characteristics have not been reviewed systematically.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this retrospective case series was to compare the clinical characteristics of HCA in TPs and Pomeranians.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Medical records of client-owned dogs diagnosed with HCA between 2018 and 2024 were reviewed. Signalment, including age of onset and age at diagnosis, clinical features, skin barrier function (transepidermal water loss [TEWL], stratum corneum hydration [SCH]) and treatment outcomes were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty dogs (19 TPs, 31 Pomeranians) met the inclusion criteria. TPs were significantly older than Pomeranians both at disease onset and at the first presentation (p = 0.003 and p = 0.001, respectively). Both breeds exhibited similar bilateral symmetrical alopecia presentations; however, Pomeranians mainly presented with a single alopecic site, while nearly half of the TPs had multiple affected sites (p = 0.032). Pruritus and superficial pyoderma were common in both breeds. TEWL and SCH values frequently deviated from reference ranges (increased TEWL and decreased SCH), indicating impaired skin barrier function. TEWL was significantly higher in TPs with pyoderma than in those without (p = 0.025). Regarding outcomes, > 70% of patients showed partial or complete regrowth, despite various treatment regimens.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>HCA in TPs closely resembles that in Pomeranians, despite genetic divergence, suggesting a conserved pathogenesis across their breeds. Frequent pruritus and pyoderma, together with abnormal TEWL and SCH, indicate secondary skin barrier dysfunction. Clinical management should address both hair regrowth and restoration of skin barrier function.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Dietary Supplementation of Bovine Colostrum in Dogs With Atopic Dermatitis.","authors":"Laura Schäfer, Kathrin Büttner, Nadine Paßlack","doi":"10.1111/vde.70132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bovine colostrum (BC) shows immunomodulatory properties, which could be beneficial in the management of chronic immune-mediated diseases such as canine atopic dermatitis (cAD).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess if a BC supplementation affects selected immune variables and clinical signs in cAD.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Twenty client-owned dogs with non-seasonal, environmentally induced cAD were enrolled in this prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>After a 2-week adaptation to standardised feeding, the dogs were divided into two groups, receiving either a placebo or BC at 0.2% in dietary dry matter for 4 weeks. Afterwards, the dogs remained on their diets for another 4 weeks, without placebo and BC supplementation. Blood and faecal samples were collected on Day (D)14, D42 and D70 for immunological measurements (proliferative and phagocytic activity of blood leukocytes, faecal immunoglobulin [Ig]A, plasma concentrations of Igs, C-reactive protein [CRP] and serum amyloid A [SAA]). Additionally, the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index, 4th iteration (CADESI-04) was assessed. The owners evaluated pruritus (Visual Analog Scale) of their dogs retrospectively and daily (r-/d-pVAS), as well as quality-of-life (QoL), global assessment and quality-of-coat.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant diet effects were detected for the clinical and immunological parameters evaluated. A slight improvement in QoL could be observed in both feeding groups over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>An oral administration of BC did not alter relevant clinical and immune parameters in patients with cAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Comorbidities in Pyoderma Among Canine and Feline Diabetic Patients.","authors":"Virginia Wixon, Jason B Pieper, Jeremy Bachtel","doi":"10.1111/vde.70131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pyoderma is considered a secondary complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), yet the relationship remains unclear. One study found 22% of diabetic dogs with dermatopathy had no other comorbidities while cats have not been evaluated.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the association of DM and pyoderma in dogs and cats by identifying comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study analysed canine and feline DM cases from August 2019 to November 2022 at Iowa State University and Colorado State University. We analysed cytologically confirmed pyoderma and assessed the prevalence of comorbidities, including allergies, thyroid and adrenal disease, neoplasia and other dermatological disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pyoderma was prevalent in 7.6% (61 of 805) dogs and 4.0% (15 of 372) cats with concurrent DM. Of 61 dogs, two (3.3%) lacked comorbidities which was considered protective (odds ratio [OR] = 0.06; 95% CI 0.01-0.29; p < 0.001). Allergic dermatitis was the most common comorbidity (70.5%) in dogs with increased odds (OR = 9.15; 95% CI 4.25-19.72; p < 0.001). Among 15 cats, one (6.7%) lacked comorbidities (OR = 0.04; 95% CI 0.01-0.34; p = 0.003), while allergic dermatitis appeared most frequent and increased odds (73.3%; OR = 18.67; 95% CI 4.81-72.44; p < 0.001). West Highland white terriers (OR = 4.59; 95% CI 1.43-14.77; p = 0.011) and domestic medium hair cats (OR = 7.31; 95% Cl 1.05-50.68; p = 0.044) had increased odds of pyoderma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical relevance: </strong>This study suggests that pyoderma in DM cats and dogs is uncommon as pyoderma owing to DM alone being seen in only 0.25% of dogs and 0.27% of cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on 'Fibroepithelial Polyps of the Ear Canal in Dogs: A Retrospective Analysis of 17 Cases'.","authors":"Ronaldo Lucas, Rafaella Tortoriello","doi":"10.1111/vde.70120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin Commensal Microbiota Does Not Influence the Clinical Course of Dermatophyte Infection in Persian Cats.","authors":"Aline E Santana, Sheila M F Torres, Matheus de O Costa","doi":"10.1111/vde.70058","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vde.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dermatophytes can be isolated from both symptomatic and asymptomatic cats, yet the role of skin commensals in modulating disease expression remains unclear. This study investigates whether microbial skin communities influence the clinical presentation (symptomatic or asymptomatic) of dermatophyte infection in Persian cats.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>We hypothesised that the fungal and bacterial skin microbiota differ between Persian cats with and without clinical signs of dermatophytosis. The objectives of this study were to compare the fungal and bacterial skin microbiota among healthy, symptomatic, and asymptomatic cats with dermatophytosis and to evaluate the performance of two skin sampling methods (carpet and toothbrush) for microbiome analysis.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Forty-five cats.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Cats were grouped according to clinical presentation: Persian cats with skin lesions characteristic of dermatophytosis (multifocal alopecia and scaling) and a positive fungal culture (symptomatic group; n = 15), Persian cats with no skin lesions and a positive fungal culture (asymptomatic group; n = 15), and domestic short hair cats with no history and clinical signs of skin disease and negative fungal culture (negative group; n = 15). Hair and scale samples were collected using carpet and toothbrush techniques from all animals. Fungal and bacterial communities were investigated using high-throughput sequencing targeting internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1 and 16S ribosomal (r)RNA genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our data showed that the taxonomic composition of fungal and bacterial communities was similar between symptomatic and asymptomatic cats, regardless of the sampling method used. No notable differences were identified in the relative abundance of Microsporum spp. between symptomatic and asymptomatic cats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Our findings suggest that the commensal microbiota may not influence the clinical presentation of dermatophyte infection. Instead, other factors, such as the host immune response, appear to play a pivotal role in determining disease outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"700-712"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147366287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External Validation of a Custom-Trained Artificial Intelligence Model for Canine Ear Canal Disease and Comparison With Veterinary Professionals.","authors":"Marley McInnis, Chin-Chi Liu, Veronica Arbona, Neoklis Apostolopoulos","doi":"10.1111/vde.70105","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vde.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Otitis externa (OE) is common in dogs, yet accurate otoscopic diagnosis remains challenging. Artificial intelligence (AI) may augment clinical decision-making in otoscopy. Previous work suggested that dataset size and duplicate images affect model performance.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>External validation of four YOLOv8n models using new images and comparison with six veterinary professionals of varying experience. We expected that models trained on larger, deduplicated datasets would demonstrate superior performance, and that the best-performing model would outperform non-specialist veterinary professionals while remaining comparable to board-certified referral clinicians.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Four YOLOv8n models (A-D) were trained using different dataset compositions and externally validated on 300 previously unseen otoscopic images (100 healthy, 100 OE, 100 ear canal masses). Predictions were compared with reference labels assigned by a board-certified referral clinician. Six veterinary professionals independently classified the same images, blinded to ground truth and AI outputs. Performance was assessed across multiple confidence thresholds (0.25-0.75) using overall agreement, Cohen's κ, sensitivity and specificity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Model D (largest deduplicated dataset) demonstrated the highest external performance, achieving 66.3% agreement and κ = 0.508 at a 0.25 confidence threshold. Classwise sensitivity/specificity for Model D (0.25) were: healthy (90.0%/69.0%), OE (59.0%/75.5%) and mass (50.0%/93.5%). Veterinary professionals outperformed all AI models (median agreement 77.2%, κ = 0.658), with the referral clinician achieving the highest concordance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Model D generalised best during external validation yet remained inferior to veterinary professionals. These results support the model's role as a decision-support tool rather than a replacement for clinical expertise.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"850-857"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Normal to Abnormal Variations of Grooming Behaviours in Cats.","authors":"Mathilde Guillon, Léa Naudin, Noëlle Cochet-Faivre, Emmanuelle Titeux, Caroline Gilbert","doi":"10.1111/vde.70109","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vde.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Grooming is a maintenance behaviour accounting for 4% of a cat's activity budget. It consists of several short bouts, and is modified by pruritus and some psychogenic diseases in cats.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to describe cats' grooming behaviour, investigating normal variations in relation to hair length and grooming modifications in cats with psychogenic alopecia (fPA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We analysed 118 videos of 29 healthy cats and seven fPA shorthair cats. We studied five activities for nine body parts performed by cats during grooming, the duration and number of grooming bouts, according to hair length and health status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Major individual variations occurred between cats, with no differences regarding mean grooming bout duration according to hair length or health status. Most (95%) grooming bouts consisted in grooming two to seven body parts. Number of parts groomed by fPA cats was significantly lower than healthy shorthair cats; no differences were noted between healthy cats with different hair length. Hairless cats chewed their skin longer than other cats. fPA cats chewed their skin 10 times longer than healthy shorthair cats (p < 0.001). Licking and rubbing were shorter bouts (p = 0.021). Time spent grooming each zone did not differ with hair length. fPA cats groomed their internal hind limbs significantly longer (p = 0.016) and their neck shorter (p = 0.003) than healthy shorthair cats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>This study allows a better understanding of cats' grooming behaviour, helping to identify abnormal grooming behaviours, and supports classification of psychogenic alopecia as an abnormal repetitive behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"865-875"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Value and Limitations of Dermoscopy in Humans and Animals: A Critical Comparative Analysis.","authors":"Noemi Plozner, Enzo Errichetti, Fabia Scarampella","doi":"10.1111/vde.70069","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vde.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dermoscopy is a noninvasive imaging technique that is well-established in human dermatology, where it enhances the diagnosis of neoplastic, inflammatory, infectious, and alopecic skin disorders. In veterinary dermatology, its use is expanding yet remains heterogeneous and largely descriptive, despite growing evidence of conserved dermoscopic patterns across species.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>To review the applications of dermoscopy in veterinary dermatology, and to provide a comparative analysis of dermoscopic features observed in dogs, cats, and horses in relation to corresponding findings in human dermatology.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic review of the literature reporting dermoscopic findings in veterinary dermatology was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched for studies published up to 30 July 2025. Eligible studies included original articles describing dermoscopic features in dogs, cats, or horses. Extracted data included species, dermatological condition, dermoscopic findings, device type and histopathological correlation, when available. Levels of evidence were assessed using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria. Most were descriptive case reports or case series. Dermoscopy was applied to a wide range of conditions, including alopecias, parasitic infestations, dermatophytosis, neoplastic and sebaceous lesions, inflammatory dermatoses, and congenital vascular anomalies. Recurrent dermoscopic features showed strong similarities to those described in human dermatology, although species-specific anatomical differences influenced interpretation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dermoscopy represents a valuable adjunct diagnostic tool in veterinary dermatology, with clear translational relevance. Standardisation of terminology and further prospective studies are required to support its broader clinical integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"636-649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147594690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Efficacy of Probiotic-Based Ear Drops Containing Lactobacilli in Canine Erythroceruminous Otitis Externa: An Open Label, Multicentre Study.","authors":"Isaac Carrasco, Josep Homedes, Antonio Arcas, Shea Beasley, Marta Salichs","doi":"10.1111/vde.70097","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vde.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Otitis externa (OE) represents a common clinical problem in dogs. Allergic dogs exhibit reduced diversity of the otic microbiota, and inflammation-induced changes in the ear canal microenvironment result in a further decline in microbial biodiversity. Probiotics have demonstrated efficacy in certain dermatological conditions, including atopic dermatitis, which is, in turn, the leading primary cause of OE in dogs.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of probiotic-based ear drops in controlling clinical signs related to erythroceruminous non-infected OE in dogs.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Thirty-seven privately owned dogs with non-infected OE.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Dogs received probiotic-based ear drops topically every 48 h for 28 days, in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Assessments were performed at enrolment (Day [D]0), D14 and D28, including cytological evaluation of ear discharge, pruritus intensity (PVAS, pruritis Visual Analogue Scale), severity of otic lesions (OTIS3, 0-3 Otitis Index Score) and a quality-of-life survey (QoL).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At enrolment (D0), mean OTIS3 and PVAS scores for all included animals were 5.11 ± 1.20 and 4.93 ± 1.51, respectively. Both scores decreased significantly by D28, to 1.66 ± 1.75 and 2.09 ± 2.03, respectively. Clinical improvement was evident regardless of concomitant medication use or the type of micro-organism's overgrowth observed during the initial cytological assessment. Owner-reported QoL improved in 80% of the dogs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical relevance: </strong>These probiotic-based ear drops may be a useful adjunctive therapy in cases of canine non-infectious erythroceruminous OE.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"818-826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148284481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Open-Label Split-Body Clinical Trial Evaluating Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Cold Atmospheric Plasma in Canine Acute Otitis Externa.","authors":"Alanur Bakır, Claudia Susanne Nett-Mettler, Bulent Ulutas","doi":"10.1111/vde.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vde.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) offers a novel, nonpharmacological approach with potent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties without harming healthy tissue. In vitro studies have demonstrated its antimicrobial efficacy against key pathogens implicated in canine otitis externa (OE), a condition prone to chronicity if poorly managed.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated CAP's therapeutic efficacy and safety in treating canine acute OE.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Twenty-two dogs with bilateral acute OE.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Dogs were divided into two equal groups with different bilateral treatment protocols. In Group 1, one ear was treated twice daily with topical antibiotic/antifungal/corticosteroid for 10 days (STD₁), while the opposite ear was treated with CAP on Day (D)0 and D5 (CAP₁). In Group 2, one ear received the same topical drug protocol (STD₂), while CAP was applied to the opposite ear on D0, D3, D6 and D9. 0-3 otitis index score (OTIS-3) and cytological score were assessed on D0, D5, D10 and D15. Treatment response was assessed by the investigator and owners on D5, D10 and D15.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant reductions in OTIS-3 and cytological score were observed over time in both CAP groups, similar to STD groups (p < 0.01). Treatment response in CAP groups was rated good-to-excellent by nearly all investigators and owners. CAP demonstrated high tolerability, with no adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>CAP may represent a promising adjunctive therapy in the management of acute OE.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":"797-805"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13569159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147445101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}