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Defining slow wave sleep without slow waves. 定义无慢波睡眠
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.002
Janna D Lendner, Randolph F Helfrich
{"title":"Defining slow wave sleep without slow waves.","authors":"Janna D Lendner, Randolph F Helfrich","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent research by Parks, Schneider, and colleagues demonstrates that brain states during rodent sleep can be predicted from neural activity on millisecond and micrometer scales. These findings contradict the traditional view that defines sleep by brain-wide oscillations. Instead, this work posits that nonoscillatory activity governs different brain states.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"853-855"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emerging roles of antimicrobial peptides in innate immunity, neuronal function, and neurodegeneration. 抗菌肽在先天性免疫、神经元功能和神经退化中的新作用。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.001
Soojin Lee, Neal Silverman, Fen-Biao Gao
{"title":"Emerging roles of antimicrobial peptides in innate immunity, neuronal function, and neurodegeneration.","authors":"Soojin Lee, Neal Silverman, Fen-Biao Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), a collection of small proteins with important roles in classical innate immunity, have been extensively studied in multiple organisms, particularly in Drosophila melanogaster. Advances in CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing have allowed individual AMP functions to be dissected, revealing specific and selective roles in host defense. Recent findings have also revealed many unexpected contributions of endogenous AMPs to neuronal functions and neurodegenerative diseases, and have shed light on the intersections between innate immunity and neurobiology. We explore the intricate relationships between AMPs and sleep regulation, memory formation, as well as traumatic brain injury and several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Understanding the diverse functions of AMPs opens new avenues for neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative disease research and potential therapeutic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"949-961"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neural circuits for goal-directed navigation across species. 不同物种目标导航的神经回路
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.005
Jayeeta Basu, Katherine Nagel
{"title":"Neural circuits for goal-directed navigation across species.","authors":"Jayeeta Basu, Katherine Nagel","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Across species, navigation is crucial for finding both resources and shelter. In vertebrates, the hippocampus supports memory-guided goal-directed navigation, whereas in arthropods the central complex supports similar functions. A growing literature is revealing similarities and differences in the organization and function of these brain regions. We review current knowledge about how each structure supports goal-directed navigation by building internal representations of the position or orientation of an animal in space, and of the location or direction of potential goals. We describe input pathways to each structure - medial and lateral entorhinal cortex in vertebrates, and columnar and tangential neurons in insects - that primarily encode spatial and non-spatial information, respectively. Finally, we highlight similarities and differences in spatial encoding across clades and suggest experimental approaches to compare coding principles and behavioral capabilities across species. Such a comparative approach can provide new insights into the neural basis of spatial navigation and neural computation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"904-917"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
TDP-43 nuclear condensation and neurodegenerative proteinopathies. TDP-43 核凝聚与神经退行性蛋白病。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.003
Florencia Vassallu, Lionel M Igaz
{"title":"TDP-43 nuclear condensation and neurodegenerative proteinopathies.","authors":"Florencia Vassallu, Lionel M Igaz","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) can undergo phase separation and form condensates, processes that, in turn, can be critical for their functionality. In a recent study, Huang, Ellis, and colleagues show that cellular stress can trigger transient alterations in nuclear TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), leading to changes crucial for proper neuronal function. These findings have implications for understanding neurological TDP-43 proteinopathies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"849-850"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Principles of intensive human neuroimaging. 强化人类神经成像原理
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.011
Eline R Kupers, Tomas Knapen, Elisha P Merriam, Kendrick N Kay
{"title":"Principles of intensive human neuroimaging.","authors":"Eline R Kupers, Tomas Knapen, Elisha P Merriam, Kendrick N Kay","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise of large, publicly shared functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data sets in human neuroscience has focused on acquiring either a few hours of data on many individuals ('wide' fMRI) or many hours of data on a few individuals ('deep' fMRI). In this opinion article, we highlight an emerging approach within deep fMRI, which we refer to as 'intensive' fMRI: one that strives for extensive sampling of cognitive phenomena to support computational modeling and detailed investigation of brain function at the single voxel level. We discuss the fundamental principles, trade-offs, and practical considerations of intensive fMRI. We also emphasize that intensive fMRI does not simply mean collecting more data: it requires careful design of experiments to enable a rich hypothesis space, optimizing data quality, and strategically curating public resources to maximize community impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"856-864"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142508799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Toward actionable neural markers of depression risk? 抑郁症风险的可操作神经标记？
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.007
Diego A Pizzagalli
{"title":"Toward actionable neural markers of depression risk?","authors":"Diego A Pizzagalli","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The search for neural markers of depression remains challenging. Despite progress, neuroimaging results have generally not yielded actionable findings that could transform how we understand and treat this disorder. However, in a recent study, Lynch and colleagues identified enlargement of the frontrostriatal salience network as a reproducible, trait-like marker of depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"851-852"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Examining resilience to Alzheimer's disease through the lens of monoaminergic neuromodulator systems. 从单胺类神经调节系统的角度研究阿尔茨海默氏症的恢复能力。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.004
Jennifer L Crawford, Anne S Berry
{"title":"Examining resilience to Alzheimer's disease through the lens of monoaminergic neuromodulator systems.","authors":"Jennifer L Crawford, Anne S Berry","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The monoaminergic nuclei are thought to be some of the earliest sites of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in the brain, with tau-containing pretangles appearing in these nuclei decades before the onset of clinical impairments. It has increasingly been recognized that monoamine systems represent a critical target of investigation towards understanding the progression of AD and designing early detection and treatment approaches. This review synthesizes evidence across animal studies, human neuropathology, and state-of-the-art neuroimaging and daily life assessment methods in humans, which demonstrate robust relationships between monoamine systems and AD pathophysiology and behavior. Further, the review highlights the promise of multimethod, multisystem approaches to studying monoaminergic mechanisms of resilience to AD pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"892-903"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unweaving type I interferons in age-related neuroinflammation. 解开 I 型干扰素在与年龄相关的神经炎症中的作用。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.014
David P J Hunt, Markus J Hofer
{"title":"Unweaving type I interferons in age-related neuroinflammation.","authors":"David P J Hunt, Markus J Hofer","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuroinflammation is a feature of both neurodegenerative disease and normal brain aging. The roles of type I interferon (IFN-I) in the aged brain are incompletely understood. A recent article by Roy et al. reveals pervasive IFN-I activity in normal mouse brain aging, and highlights the importance of microglial IFN-I signaling in neuroinflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"751-752"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When sensory input meets spontaneous brain activity. 当感官输入与大脑自发活动相遇时。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.010
Natalia Zaretskaya
{"title":"When sensory input meets spontaneous brain activity.","authors":"Natalia Zaretskaya","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recent study by Wu, Podvalny, and colleagues investigated how ongoing spontaneous brain activity interacts with sensory input and shapes conscious perception. It reports diverse effects of prestimulus activity in several key networks, revealing new roles of the prefrontal cortex and the default mode network in perception and consciousness.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"749-750"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transformers and cortical waves: encoders for pulling in context across time. 变压器和皮质波：跨时空语境牵引的编码器。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.006
Lyle Muller, Patricia S Churchland, Terrence J Sejnowski
{"title":"Transformers and cortical waves: encoders for pulling in context across time.","authors":"Lyle Muller, Patricia S Churchland, Terrence J Sejnowski","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The capabilities of transformer networks such as ChatGPT and other large language models (LLMs) have captured the world's attention. The crucial computational mechanism underlying their performance relies on transforming a complete input sequence - for example, all the words in a sentence - into a long 'encoding vector' that allows transformers to learn long-range temporal dependencies in naturalistic sequences. Specifically, 'self-attention' applied to this encoding vector enhances temporal context in transformers by computing associations between pairs of words in the input sequence. We suggest that waves of neural activity traveling across single cortical areas, or multiple regions on the whole-brain scale, could implement a similar encoding principle. By encapsulating recent input history into a single spatial pattern at each moment in time, cortical waves may enable a temporal context to be extracted from sequences of sensory inputs, the same computational principle as that used in transformers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"788-802"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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