Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.004
Jennifer L Crawford, Anne S Berry
{"title":"Examining resilience to Alzheimer's disease through the lens of monoaminergic neuromodulator systems.","authors":"Jennifer L Crawford, Anne S Berry","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The monoaminergic nuclei are thought to be some of the earliest sites of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in the brain, with tau-containing pretangles appearing in these nuclei decades before the onset of clinical impairments. It has increasingly been recognized that monoamine systems represent a critical target of investigation towards understanding the progression of AD and designing early detection and treatment approaches. This review synthesizes evidence across animal studies, human neuropathology, and state-of-the-art neuroimaging and daily life assessment methods in humans, which demonstrate robust relationships between monoamine systems and AD pathophysiology and behavior. Further, the review highlights the promise of multimethod, multisystem approaches to studying monoaminergic mechanisms of resilience to AD pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"892-903"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-04DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.014
David P J Hunt, Markus J Hofer
{"title":"Unweaving type I interferons in age-related neuroinflammation.","authors":"David P J Hunt, Markus J Hofer","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuroinflammation is a feature of both neurodegenerative disease and normal brain aging. The roles of type I interferon (IFN-I) in the aged brain are incompletely understood. A recent article by Roy et al. reveals pervasive IFN-I activity in normal mouse brain aging, and highlights the importance of microglial IFN-I signaling in neuroinflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"751-752"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142141214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-08-31DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.010
Natalia Zaretskaya
{"title":"When sensory input meets spontaneous brain activity.","authors":"Natalia Zaretskaya","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recent study by Wu, Podvalny, and colleagues investigated how ongoing spontaneous brain activity interacts with sensory input and shapes conscious perception. It reports diverse effects of prestimulus activity in several key networks, revealing new roles of the prefrontal cortex and the default mode network in perception and consciousness.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"749-750"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.006
Lyle Muller, Patricia S Churchland, Terrence J Sejnowski
{"title":"Transformers and cortical waves: encoders for pulling in context across time.","authors":"Lyle Muller, Patricia S Churchland, Terrence J Sejnowski","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The capabilities of transformer networks such as ChatGPT and other large language models (LLMs) have captured the world's attention. The crucial computational mechanism underlying their performance relies on transforming a complete input sequence - for example, all the words in a sentence - into a long 'encoding vector' that allows transformers to learn long-range temporal dependencies in naturalistic sequences. Specifically, 'self-attention' applied to this encoding vector enhances temporal context in transformers by computing associations between pairs of words in the input sequence. We suggest that waves of neural activity traveling across single cortical areas, or multiple regions on the whole-brain scale, could implement a similar encoding principle. By encapsulating recent input history into a single spatial pattern at each moment in time, cortical waves may enable a temporal context to be extracted from sequences of sensory inputs, the same computational principle as that used in transformers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"788-802"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-24DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.003
François Lapraz, Cloé Fixary-Schuster, Stéphane Noselli
{"title":"Brain bilateral asymmetry - insights from nematodes, zebrafish, and Drosophila.","authors":"François Lapraz, Cloé Fixary-Schuster, Stéphane Noselli","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chirality is a fundamental trait of living organisms, encompassing the homochirality of biological molecules and the left-right (LR) asymmetry of visceral organs and the brain. The nervous system in bilaterian organisms displays a lateralized organization characterized by the presence of asymmetrical neuronal circuits and brain functions that are predominantly localized within one hemisphere. Although body asymmetry is relatively well understood, and exhibits robust phenotypic expression and regulation via conserved molecular mechanisms across phyla, current findings indicate that the asymmetry of the nervous system displays greater phenotypic, genetic, and evolutionary variability. In this review we explore the use of nematode, zebrafish, and Drosophila genetic models to investigate neuronal circuit asymmetry. We discuss recent discoveries in the context of body-brain concordance and highlight the distinct characteristics of nervous system asymmetry and its cognitive correlates.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"803-818"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-05DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.004
Matthew L Baum, Christopher M Bartley
{"title":"Human-derived monoclonal autoantibodies as interrogators of cellular proteotypes in the brain.","authors":"Matthew L Baum, Christopher M Bartley","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A major aim of neuroscience is to identify and model the functional properties of neural cells whose dysfunction underlie neuropsychiatric illness. In this article, we propose that human-derived monoclonal autoantibodies (HD-mAbs) are well positioned to selectively target and manipulate neural subpopulations as defined by their protein expression; that is, cellular proteotypes. Recent technical advances allow for efficient cloning of autoantibodies from neuropsychiatric patients. These HD-mAbs can be introduced into animal models to gain biological and pathobiological insights about neural proteotypes of interest. Protein engineering can be used to modify, enhance, silence, or confer new functional properties to native HD-mAbs, thereby enhancing their versatility. Finally, we discuss the challenges and limitations confronting HD-mAbs as experimental research tools for neuroscience.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"753-765"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11656492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.008
Dan Rokni, Yoram Ben-Shaul
{"title":"Object-oriented olfaction: challenges for chemosensation and for chemosensory research.","authors":"Dan Rokni, Yoram Ben-Shaul","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many animal species use olfaction to extract information about objects in their environment. Yet, the specific molecular signature that any given object emits varies due to various factors. Here, we detail why such variability makes chemosensory-mediated object recognition such a hard problem, and we propose that a major function of the elaborate chemosensory network is to overcome it. We describe previous work addressing different elements of the problem and outline future research directions that we consider essential for a full understanding of object-oriented olfaction. In particular, we call for extensive representation of olfactory object variability in chemical, behavioral, and electrophysiological analyses. While written with an emphasis on macrosmatic mammalian species, our arguments apply to all organisms that employ chemosensation to navigate complex environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"834-848"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142155053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-08-29DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.001
Ana P Pinheiro, Jean-Julien Aucouturier, Sonja A Kotz
{"title":"Neural adaptation to changes in self-voice during puberty.","authors":"Ana P Pinheiro, Jean-Julien Aucouturier, Sonja A Kotz","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human voice is a potent social signal and a distinctive marker of individual identity. As individuals go through puberty, their voices undergo acoustic changes, setting them apart from others. In this article, we propose that hormonal fluctuations in conjunction with morphological vocal tract changes during puberty establish a sensitive developmental phase that affects the monitoring of the adolescent voice and, specifically, self-other distinction. Furthermore, the protracted maturation of brain regions responsible for voice processing, coupled with the dynamically evolving social environment of adolescents, likely disrupts a clear differentiation of the self-voice from others' voices. This socioneuroendocrine framework offers a holistic understanding of voice monitoring during adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"777-787"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cecilia Anna Brunello, Cecilia Cannarozzo, Eero Castrén
{"title":"Rethinking the role of TRKB in the action of antidepressants and psychedelics","authors":"Cecilia Anna Brunello, Cecilia Cannarozzo, Eero Castrén","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antidepressant drugs promote neuronal plasticity, and activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling through its receptor neuronal receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (NTRK2 or TRKB) is among the critical steps in this process. These mechanisms are shared by typical slow-acting antidepressants, fast-acting ketamine, and psychedelic compounds, although the cellular targets of each drug differ. In this opinion, we propose that some of these antidepressants may directly bind to TRKB and allosterically potentiate BDNF signaling, among other possible effects. TRKB activation in parvalbumin-containing interneurons disinhibits cortical networks and reactivates a juvenile-like plasticity window. Subsequent rewiring of aberrant networks, coupled with environmental stimuli, may underlie its clinical antidepressant effects. The end-to-end hypothesis proposed may stimulate the search for new treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142267985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Meningeal brain borders and migraine headache genesis","authors":"Sarah Louise Christensen, Dan Levy","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Migraine is a highly prevalent and disabling pain disorder that affects >1 billion people worldwide. One central hypothesis points to the cranial meninges as a key site underlying migraine headache genesis through complex interplay between meningeal sensory nerves, blood vessels, and adjacent immune cells. How these interactions might generate migraine headaches remains incompletely understood and a subject of much debate. In this review we discuss clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the concept that meningeal sterile inflammation, involving neurovascular and neuroimmune interactions, underlies migraine headache genesis. We examine downstream signaling pathways implicated in the development of migraine pain in response to exogenous events such as infusing migraine-triggering chemical substances. We further discuss cortex-to-meninges signaling pathways that could underlie migraine pain in response to endogenous events, such as cortical spreading depolarization (CSD), and explore future directions for the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142267984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}