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Trends in Neurosciences最新文献

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Representational spaces in orbitofrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortex: task states, values, and beyond. 眶额叶和腹内侧前额叶皮层的表征空间：任务状态、价值及其他。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.005
Nir Moneta, Shany Grossman, Nicolas W Schuck
{"title":"Representational spaces in orbitofrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortex: task states, values, and beyond.","authors":"Nir Moneta, Shany Grossman, Nicolas W Schuck","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and ventromedial-prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) play a key role in decision-making and encode task states in addition to expected value. We review evidence suggesting a connection between value and state representations and argue that OFC / vmPFC integrate stimulus, context, and outcome information. Comparable encoding principles emerge in late layers of deep reinforcement learning (RL) models, where single nodes exhibit similar forms of mixed-selectivity, which enables flexible readout of relevant variables by downstream neurons. Based on these lines of evidence, we suggest that outcome-maximization leads to complex representational spaces that are insufficiently characterized by linear value signals that have been the focus of most prior research on the topic. Major outstanding questions concern the role of OFC/ vmPFC in learning across tasks, in encoding of task-irrelevant aspects, and the role of hippocampus-PFC interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interconnected neural circuits mediating social reward. 介导社会奖赏的神经回路相互连接。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.004
Jennifer Isaac, Malavika Murugan
{"title":"Interconnected neural circuits mediating social reward.","authors":"Jennifer Isaac, Malavika Murugan","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Across species, social behaviors are shaped and maintained through positive reinforcement of affiliative social interactions. As with nonsocial rewards, the reinforcing properties of social interactions have been shown to involve interplay between various brain regions and the mesolimbic reward system. In this review, we summarize findings from rodent research on the neural circuits that encode and mediate different components of social reward-seeking behavior. We explore methods to parse and study social reward-related behaviors using available behavioral paradigms. We also compare the neural mechanisms that support social versus nonsocial reward-seeking. Finally, we discuss how internal state and neuromodulatory systems affect reward-seeking behavior and the neural circuits that underlie social reward.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An expanding repertoire of circuit mechanisms for visual prediction errors. 视觉预测错误的电路机制不断扩大。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.007
Jordan M Ross, Jordan P Hamm
{"title":"An expanding repertoire of circuit mechanisms for visual prediction errors.","authors":"Jordan M Ross, Jordan P Hamm","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cortical responses to stimuli vary dependingon context and expectation. Adding insight into this process, Furutachi et al. recently demonstrated that higher-order thalamic input to visual cortex cooperates with interneurons to augment responses to unexpected stimuli, consistent with a body of literature implicating top-down modulation and local inhibition in predictive processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The injured axon: intrinsic mechanisms driving axonal regeneration. 受伤的轴突：驱动轴突再生的内在机制。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.009
Diogo Tomé, Ramiro D Almeida
{"title":"The injured axon: intrinsic mechanisms driving axonal regeneration.","authors":"Diogo Tomé, Ramiro D Almeida","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Injury to the central nervous system (CNS) often results in permanent neurological impairments because axons fail to regenerate and re-establish lost synaptic contacts. By contrast, peripheral neurons can activate a pro-regenerative program and regenerate following a nerve lesion. This relies on an intricate intracellular communication system between the severed axon and the cell body. Locally activated signaling molecules are retrogradely transported to the soma to promote the epigenetic and transcriptional changes required for the injured neuron to regain growth competence. These signaling events rely heavily on intra-axonal translation and mitochondrial trafficking into the severed axon. Here, we discuss the interplay between these mechanisms and the main intrinsic barriers to axonal regeneration. We also examine the potential of manipulating these processes for driving CNS repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"875-891"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142508801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Defining slow wave sleep without slow waves. 定义无慢波睡眠
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.002
Janna D Lendner, Randolph F Helfrich
{"title":"Defining slow wave sleep without slow waves.","authors":"Janna D Lendner, Randolph F Helfrich","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent research by Parks, Schneider, and colleagues demonstrates that brain states during rodent sleep can be predicted from neural activity on millisecond and micrometer scales. These findings contradict the traditional view that defines sleep by brain-wide oscillations. Instead, this work posits that nonoscillatory activity governs different brain states.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"853-855"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The multiple roles of chronic stress and glucocorticoids in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. 慢性压力和糖皮质激素在阿尔茨海默病发病机制中的多重作用。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.015
Mia R Burke, Ioannis Sotiropoulos, Clarissa L Waites
{"title":"The multiple roles of chronic stress and glucocorticoids in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.","authors":"Mia R Burke, Ioannis Sotiropoulos, Clarissa L Waites","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic stress and the accompanying long-term elevation of glucocorticoids (GCs), the stress hormones of the body, increase the risk and accelerate the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Signatures of AD include intracellular tau (MAPT) tangles, extracellular amyloid β (Aβ) plaques, and neuroinflammation. A growing body of work indicates that stress and GCs initiate cellular processes underlying these pathologies through dysregulation of protein homeostasis and trafficking, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and response to damage-associated stimuli. In this review, we integrate findings from mechanistic studies in rodent and cellular models, wherein defined chronic stress protocols or GC administration have been shown to elicit AD-related pathology. We specifically discuss the effects of chronic stress and GCs on tau pathogenesis, including hyperphosphorylation, aggregation, and spreading, amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and trafficking culminating in Aβ production, immune priming by proinflammatory cytokines and disease-associated molecular patterns, and alterations to glial cell and blood-brain barrier (BBB) function.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"933-948"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emerging roles of antimicrobial peptides in innate immunity, neuronal function, and neurodegeneration. 抗菌肽在先天性免疫、神经元功能和神经退化中的新作用。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.001
Soojin Lee, Neal Silverman, Fen-Biao Gao
{"title":"Emerging roles of antimicrobial peptides in innate immunity, neuronal function, and neurodegeneration.","authors":"Soojin Lee, Neal Silverman, Fen-Biao Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), a collection of small proteins with important roles in classical innate immunity, have been extensively studied in multiple organisms, particularly in Drosophila melanogaster. Advances in CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing have allowed individual AMP functions to be dissected, revealing specific and selective roles in host defense. Recent findings have also revealed many unexpected contributions of endogenous AMPs to neuronal functions and neurodegenerative diseases, and have shed light on the intersections between innate immunity and neurobiology. We explore the intricate relationships between AMPs and sleep regulation, memory formation, as well as traumatic brain injury and several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Understanding the diverse functions of AMPs opens new avenues for neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative disease research and potential therapeutic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"949-961"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The claustrum and synchronized brain states. 磁鼓与大脑同步状态
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.003
Alison D Do, Coline Portet, Romain Goutagny, Jesse Jackson
{"title":"The claustrum and synchronized brain states.","authors":"Alison D Do, Coline Portet, Romain Goutagny, Jesse Jackson","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cortical activity is constantly fluctuating between distinct spatiotemporal activity patterns denoted by changes in brain state. States of cortical desynchronization arise during motor generation, increased attention, and high cognitive load. Synchronized brain states comprise spatially widespread, coordinated low-frequency neural activity during rest and sleep when disengaged from the external environment or 'offline'. The claustrum is a small subcortical structure with dense reciprocal connections with the cortex suggesting modulation by, or participation in, brain state regulation. Here, we highlight recent work suggesting that neural activity in the claustrum supports cognitive processes associated with synchronized brain states characterized by increased low-frequency network activity. As an example, we outline how claustrum activity could support episodic memory consolidation during sleep.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neural circuits for goal-directed navigation across species. 不同物种目标导航的神经回路
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.005
Jayeeta Basu, Katherine Nagel
{"title":"Neural circuits for goal-directed navigation across species.","authors":"Jayeeta Basu, Katherine Nagel","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Across species, navigation is crucial for finding both resources and shelter. In vertebrates, the hippocampus supports memory-guided goal-directed navigation, whereas in arthropods the central complex supports similar functions. A growing literature is revealing similarities and differences in the organization and function of these brain regions. We review current knowledge about how each structure supports goal-directed navigation by building internal representations of the position or orientation of an animal in space, and of the location or direction of potential goals. We describe input pathways to each structure - medial and lateral entorhinal cortex in vertebrates, and columnar and tangential neurons in insects - that primarily encode spatial and non-spatial information, respectively. Finally, we highlight similarities and differences in spatial encoding across clades and suggest experimental approaches to compare coding principles and behavioral capabilities across species. Such a comparative approach can provide new insights into the neural basis of spatial navigation and neural computation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"904-917"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
TDP-43 nuclear condensation and neurodegenerative proteinopathies. TDP-43 核凝聚与神经退行性蛋白病。
IF 14.6 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.003
Florencia Vassallu, Lionel M Igaz
{"title":"TDP-43 nuclear condensation and neurodegenerative proteinopathies.","authors":"Florencia Vassallu, Lionel M Igaz","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) can undergo phase separation and form condensates, processes that, in turn, can be critical for their functionality. In a recent study, Huang, Ellis, and colleagues show that cellular stress can trigger transient alterations in nuclear TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), leading to changes crucial for proper neuronal function. These findings have implications for understanding neurological TDP-43 proteinopathies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"849-850"},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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