Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins最新文献

{"title":"Does Probiotic Therapy Improve Periodontal Treatment Outcomes in Smoking Patients? A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.","authors":"Agnes Andrade Martins, Luanny de Brito Avelino Cassiano, Francisco Leonardo Silva Júnior, Sergei Godeiro Fernandes Rabelo Caldas, Ruthineia Diógenes Alves Uchôa Lins, Ana Rafaela Luz de Aquino Martins","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10717-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10717-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review aimed to assess the efficacy of probiotics on clinical parameters in smoking patients with periodontal diseases. An electronic search was carried out, without date or language restrictions, in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases for identification of clinical trials whose population consisted of smokers with gingivitis or periodontitis, undergoing probiotic therapy associated to non-surgical periodontal therapy, and that carried out evaluation of periodontal clinical parameters. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Assessment Checklist. Among the 162 studies identified, four were eligible for qualitative synthesis. Eight probiotic species were identified, predominantly Lactobacilli, with L. reuteri being the most prevalent. These probiotics were administered in tablet or lozenge form. Probiotics, in combination with non-surgical periodontal therapy, demonstrated reductions in gingival index, probing pocket depth, and bleeding on probing. Furthermore, probiotics exhibited efficacy comparable to antibiotics in grade C periodontitis treatment. Risk of bias was deemed low across all studies. Within the limitations of this review, it can be concluded that probiotic therapy appears to confer benefits to non-surgical periodontal therapy in smoking patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Lactiplantibacillus Plantarum THK-J112 Against Candida Overgrowth in Acne Complications.","authors":"Trang Thi Minh Nguyen, Chan-Il Bae, Su-Jin Yang, Xiangji Jin, Qiwen Zheng, Eun-Ji Yi, Gyeong-Seon Yi, Dasol Nam, Mi-Ju Kim, Tae-Hoo Yi","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10714-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10714-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary fungal infections resulting from disruptions caused by acne vulgaris treatments underscore the critical need for therapies that minimize dysbiosis while effectively targeting acne-associated pathogens. This study investigates Lactiplantibacillus plantarum THK-J112 cell-free supernatant (CFS) as a microbiome-stabilizing intervention against Candida overgrowth, utilizing a combination of genomic analysis and functional validation. In vitro evaluations demonstrated broad-spectrum antifungal activity, with inhibition zones of more than 10 mm against C. tropicalis KCTC 17762 and a minimum fungicidal concentration of 2.5 mg/mL. Scanning electron microscopy revealed profound Candida cell wall disruption, while cytotoxicity assays confirmed CFS safety for HaCaT keratinocytes and Caco-2 intestinal cells. The supernatant significantly reduced Candida adhesion to epithelial cells by up to 80.25%, outperforming Amphotericin B's anti-adhesive effects. Anti-inflammatory activity was evidenced by a 30.58% reduction in TNF-α and a 78.25% decrease in VEGF expression, suggesting protection against Candida-induced acne inflammation and hyperkeratinization. Mechanistic studies identified hydrogen peroxide (90.43 µM per 1 g/mL CFS) as the primary antimicrobial component. By integrating genomic evidence of biosynthetic potential with demonstrated multimodal activity-encompassing fungicidal, anti-adhesive, and anti-inflammatory effects-THK-J112 CFS emerges as a comprehensive therapeutic candidate. Genome sequencing revealed THK-J112's safety profile (absence of virulence factors) and identified a plantaricin J bacteriocin gene cluster while confirming vancomycin resistance. These findings address the dual challenge of treating acne-associated Candida complications while maintaining microbiome integrity, offering a promising alternative to conventional antifungals for patients experiencing treatment-induced dysbiosis. The study provides foundational evidence for probiotic-derived interventions in dermatological conditions complicated by fungal overgrowth.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Probiotics and Synbiotics Supplementation on Blood Pressure in Adults with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Grade-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Azin Setayesh, Mehdi Karimi, Omid Asbaghi, Amin Mohammad Niaei, Hoda Haghshenas, Seyed Hossein Davoodi, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10716-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10716-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are closely linked with increased risk of hypertension, contributing significantly to cardiovascular complications. While probiotics and synbiotics have shown potential benefits in metabolic health, their specific effects on blood pressure (BP) regulation in this population remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the impact of probiotics and synbiotics supplementation on BP control in adults with prediabetes and T2DM, addressing this critical knowledge gap. A comprehensive search was conducted on online databases from their inception to January 2025 to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data were extracted from selected studies. The overall effect size was determined using weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) through a random-effects model. All statistical analyses were carried out using STATA software. The pooled analysis of 17 RCTs (19 effect sizes) with 1,281 participants (646 cases and 635 controls) showed that probiotics and synbiotics supplementation led to a significantly reduction in both systolic BP (WMD: -3.27 mmHg, 95% CI: -5.38 to -1.16, p = 0.002), and diastolic BP (WMD: -1.78 mmHg, 95% CI: -2.61 to -0.95, p < 0.001). The GRADE assessment rated the quality of evidence for SBP as moderate due to significant heterogeneity, which resulted in serious inconsistency; however, no other major limitations were identified. In comparison, the quality of evidence for DBP was rated as very high. This meta-analysis suggests that supplementation with probiotics and synbiotics can effectively reduce BP in adults with prediabetes and T2DM, highlighting their potential as an adjunctive strategy for BP management. Clinically, incorporating these supplements may offer a safe, accessible option to support traditional therapies and help reduce cardiovascular risk in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Probiotics on Markers of Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress and Damage Associated with Inflammation in Non-communicable Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials.","authors":"Natanny Swerts Silva, Cláudio Daniel Cerdeira, Tiago Marques Dos Reis, Maria Rita Rodrigues","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10710-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10710-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress (O&NS) are serious complications in non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including endocrine and metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. The beneficial probiotic microbes, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus, can decrease O&NS and inflammation. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with aims to elucidate the effects of probiotics on O&NS and inflammation in NCDs. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE resulted in the inclusion of studies if they met the eligibility criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. Data (combined effect size) were analyzed using Meta-Essentials software. Fifteen studies/16 trials with a total of 807 participants (421 cases/386 controls) were reviewed. There was high and moderate certainty of evidence (GRADE) for the effectiveness of probiotic intervention (vs. placebo) in increasing (↑) glutathione (GSH) levels (SMD(SE) = 0.89 (0.51)/p < 0.05, 95%CI - 0.23 to 2.1, I² = 92.77%) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD(SE) = 0. 75 (0.22)/p < 0.01, 95%CI 0.28 to 1.23, I² = 87.50%) as well as decreased (↓) malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD(SE) = 1.03 (0.31)/p < 0.01, 95%CI 0.37 to 1.7, I² = 93.88%) and C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (SMD(SE) = 0.74 (0.36)/p < 0.05, 95%CI - 0.07 to 1.55, I² = 94.32%). There were no effects on nitric oxide, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Subgroup analysis to reduce heterogeneity indicated probiotic effectiveness on strain number (one/↑GSH), age bracket (41-60 years/↓MDA or > 61 years/↓hsCRP), and NCD (nervous system/neurodegenerative diseases/↑GSH and ↓hsCRP or rheumatoid arthritis/polycystic ovary syndrome/↑TAC). An overall low risk of bias was observed. In conclusion, probiotics may have beneficial effects on markers of O&NS and inflammation in patients with NCDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Production Conditions for Extracellular Vesicles from Lacticaseibacillus Paracasei LH23 Using Response Surface Methodology: Enhancement of Yield and Exploration of Stability, Safety, and Anti-inflammatory Capacity.","authors":"Xin Zhang, Shu Yin, Xueying Quan, Yuqing Han, Hongning Song, Cai Sun, Lizhuang Hao, Junxun Li, Wei Qi, Nan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10666-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10666-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from probiotics containing multiple bioactive ingredients play important roles in intercellular communication, immunomodulation, and tumor suppression, therefore possessing enormous potential for improving health, targeted drug delivery, and vaccine development. However, the difficulty in extraction and low yield limits the widespread application of EVs. Here, response surface methodology was employed to optimize the extraction conditions of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LH23 EVs (LP-Evs). Temperature (45 °C), EDTA (7.5 mM), and (pH 6) were determined as the most effective extraction parameters. Compared with raw LP-Evs, the optimized EVs (LP-OEvs) showed an 8.6-fold increase in particle concentration, as well as higher lipid and protein contents. Meanwhile, LP-Evs and LP-OEvs had similar resistance to gastrointestinal digestion, could be stably stored at - 20 °C and - 80 °C for 28 days, and could inhibit LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in macrophages. This study provides a reference for the industrial development of EVs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Displaying DHAV-1 VP1 Protein as a Dual-Function Probiotic: Evaluation of Immunological Efficacy, Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Health in Cherry Valley Ducks.","authors":"Bin Chen, Yicen Tang, Lihui Huang, Zhenhua Wang, Jianzhen Li, Mengwei Zhang, Yang Yang, Dongmei Zhang, Bo Jing, Yan Zeng, Xueqin Ni, Jinlong Yang, Kangcheng Pan","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10720-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10720-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) demonstrates extremely high lethality in 3-week-old ducklings, while causing subclinical infections in adult ducks with latent pathogenicity. Our previous research developed a vaccine-functional probiotic preparation targeting DHAV-1-recombinant Bacillus subtilis RV. In the present study, we conducted a 28-day oral immunization trial in Cherry Valley ducks to evaluate the immunoprotective effects and probiotic functions of this engineered strain. Results showed that B. subtilis RV induced humoral and mucosal immune responses in ducklings, producing high levels of specific IgG and intestinal secretory IgA, demonstrating immune-enhancing capabilities. During DHAV-1 challenge tests, it significantly reduced viral loads in various organ tissues. Additionally, B. subtilis RV improved the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of ducklings. Furthermore, this engineered probiotic enhanced intestinal health by improving intestinal structure, increasing tight junction protein expression, and modulating gut microbiota composition. This study evaluates a novel vaccine-functional probiotic preparation, providing a new strategy for DHAV-1 prevention and control.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alginate Oligosaccharide Alleviates Salmonella Typhimurium-Induced Liver Injury by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Inflammatory Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Yanan Liu, Xinyu Zhang, Yao Ge, Haozhen Liu, Yinfeng Chen, Yang Yang, Ying Yang, Zhenlong Wu","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10650-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10650-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) is a kind of functional oligosaccharides obtained from the degradation of alginate, which has functional properties such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether AOS could alleviate Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium)-induced liver injury. In our study, we found that AOS could alleviate S. Typhimurium-caused weight loss, enlargement of the liver and spleen in mice. In addition, AOS attenuated S. Typhimurium-induced inflammatory response as evidenced by the reduced ratio of AST/ALT, and lower the mRNA levels of Il-6, Il-1β, Tnf-α, Ccl3, and Ccl8. Moreover, AOS reduced H₂O₂ activity and Ho-1 gene expression. TUNEL staining and Western blot results showed that AOS reduced S. Typhimurium-induced hepatic apoptosis. Further study showed that AOS suppressed S. Typhimurium-induced increase in gene expression levels of Tlr2, Tlr4, and Myd88 as well as protein expression levels of TLR2 and p-NF-κB p65. The 16S rRNA results of colonic contents showed that AOS increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and decreased Alistipes, Helicobacter, and Bacteroides. Analyses at the species level showed that the AOS + ST group increased the abundance of Lactobacillus johnsonii (L. johnsonii) and Limosilactobacillus reuteri (formely Lactobacillus reuteri, L. reuteri). In addition, Lactobacillus johnsonii culture supernatant and Limosilactobacillus reuteri culture supernatant partially reduced gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines induced by lipopolysaccharide. In conclusion, the alleviation of S. Typhimurium-induced liver injury by AOS may be related to the reduction of inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and regulation of the gut microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application and Limitations of Promising Biological Therapies in Livestock Production under the Context of Antibiotic Restrictions.","authors":"Sijia Li, Siqi Lian, Ziyue Chen, Yi Luo, Pengpeng Xia","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10705-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10705-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The inappropriate use of antibiotics in livestock production has raised significant public health concerns, including the emergence of bacterial resistance and the presence of drug residues. In an era characterized by \"antibiotic reduction and restriction\", scientific inquiry has increasingly focused on developing alternatives to antibiotics, particularly through biocontrol strategies that utilize beneficial microorganisms to counteract pathogenic ones. Common biological therapies include probiotic therapy, phage therapy, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). These innovative approaches can effectively eliminate or suppress pathogenic microorganisms with fewer side effects, thereby enhancing the safety of food animals and their products. This review systematically examines these three biological interventions, elucidating their molecular mechanisms, veterinary applications, and current limitations. This paper aims to critically evaluate the translational potential and practical implementation of these novel therapies while providing evidence-based perspectives on their future optimization and advancement.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Single Key for Many Doors? Unlocking the Bio-chemical Potential of Lactobacillus bulgaricus Metabolic Postbiotic.","authors":"Seyed Sadeq Mousavi Ghahfarrokhi, Ehsan Khafipour, Shahram Mahmoudi, Angila Ataei-Pirkooh, Atefeh Kachooei, Arsalan Bateni Shalmani, Nasrin Samadi, Mohammad Reza Fazeli","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10700-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10700-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postbiotics, defined as bioactive compounds derived from probiotics, have gained increasing attention for their potential health benefits. In this study, we investigated the bio-chemical properties and antimicrobial activities of Lactobacillus bulgaricus postbiotics. The postbiotics exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus with the MIC values of 50, 50, and 100 mg/mL, respectively. Antifungal assessments demonstrated growth inhibition of Candida species with the MIC₅₀ ranged from 32 to 128 mg/mL and MIC₁₀₀ ranged from 128 to 256 mg/mL as well as Aspergillus species with the MIC₅₀ of 64 mg/mL and MIC₁₀₀ of 128 mg/mL. The postbiotic showed no antiviral effects against SA-11 rotavirus at non-cytotoxic concentrations, and moderate antioxidant properties with a DPPH IC₅₀ of 2.75 mg/mL, which was significantly weaker than quercetin. The postbiotic's chemical composition revealed high levels of acetic acid, lactic acid, and little amount of 3-phenyllactic acid, contributing to its antimicrobial effects. Additionally, biosurfactants present in the postbiotic exhibited hemolytic activity and potential antimicrobial effects. Cytotoxicity analysis on NIH/3T3 cell line revealed that concentrations below 50 mg/mL were non-toxic, whereas higher concentrations showed adverse effects on cell viability. Despite demonstrating significant bioactivity, our findings emphasize the necessity to modulate expectations regarding postbiotics. They hold promise as functional agents but exhibit moderate effects rather than extreme bioactivity. This study underscores the need for further research to optimize postbiotic applications in food and pharmaceutical industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144848559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selenium-Enriched Akkermansia muciniphila: A Novel Probiotic Bacterium for Se Supplementation.","authors":"Wen Rui, Yuhang Sun, Xiaoqian Li, Jingpeng Yang, Xuna Tang","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10713-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10713-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium (Se)-enriched probiotics have gained widespread application in the fields of food, nutraceuticals, and biomedicine due to their capacity to deliver organic Se with high nutritional value to their hosts. Here, the inorganic Se bioconcentration was employed to generate Se-enriched Akkermansia muciniphila (Se-AM), and we investigated its Se distribution, selenoprotein and selenoamino acid species, essential elements, and amino acid contents. Furthermore, the major probiotic properties of Se-AM were evaluated. The results showed that the Se-AM exhibited remarkable survival and Se enrichment levels. The organic Se content in Se-AM accounted for approximately 81.9%, predominantly composed of protein bound Se (44.3%), followed by nucleic acid bound Se (17.8%) and polysaccharide bound Se (17.4%). The Se element in Se-AM exhibits a preference for binding to proteins with medium molecular weight, predominantly forming selenoamino acids containing SeCys2 and SeMet. Moreover, the content of both individual and total amino acids is higher in Se-AM compared to AM. Furthermore, Se-AM demonstrates robust acid resistance and antioxidant activity along with enhanced adhesion to Caco-2 and HT-29 cells. It also possesses immune-stimulating properties by activating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in Raw 264.7 cells, leading to increased cytokine release. Transcriptomic analysis reveals elevated expression levels of key genes associated with potent antioxidants, strong cellular adhesion capabilities, and effective cancer cell eradication within Se-AM when compared to AM. Our findings indicated that the Se-AM holds promising potential as a novel probiotic formulation supplemented with Se for both its Se-enhancing properties and probiotic functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144837438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}