Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins最新文献

{"title":"Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential of Hermetia illucens Hemolymph Contained-Peptides.","authors":"Fabiana Giglio, Federica De Stefano, Alessandra Fusco, Rosanna Salvia, Carmen Scieuzo, Paul Cos, Giovanna Donnarumma, Patrizia Falabella","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10697-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10697-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) constitute a chemically and structurally heterogeneous family of molecules produced by a wide range of living organisms, including plants, fish, amphibians, mammals, and insects. Their expression is particularly high in hosts frequently exposed to microorganisms, where AMPs play a key role in innate immune responses. Insects represent one of the richest natural sources of AMPs. Over their long evolutionary history, they have developed a highly efficient immune system with AMPs playing a central role in defense against pathogens, enabling them to colonize various habitats. In recent years, interest in AMPs has significantly increased due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance, positioning these peptides as potential therapeutic alternatives for treating infections caused by multi-resistant pathogens. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of peptide fractions extracted from the hemolymph of Hermetia illucens larvae (Diptera, Stratiomyidae), an insect known for its high expression of AMPs. Larvae were injected separately with either Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) or Micrococcus flavus (Gram-positive), and hemolymph was collected 24 h post-infection, as well as from uninfected larvae. Antimicrobial activity was assessed through microbiological assays, including both agar diffusion tests and microdilution assays. Results demonstrated significant activity against pathogenic bacterial strains, including antibiotic-resistant ones. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined for each experimental condition. MIC values ranged from 0.023 to 0.375 µg·µL⁻¹, while MBC values ranged from 0.187 to 0.750 µg·µL⁻¹, depending on the bacterial strain and the infection treatment group. These findings demonstrate the potential of H. illucens-derived AMPs as effective agents against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including resistant strains, and support their further development as alternatives or adjuvants to conventional antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety Assessment and Efficacy of Probiotic Bacillus clausii PBC429™ (MTCC 25459) for Management of Diarrhea.","authors":"Sohel S Shaikh, Snehal S Patel, Srashti Verma, Anis Malik, Farhana Malek","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10670-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10670-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we have evaluated the in vivo safety in rats and the efficacy of the probiotic strain Bacillus clausii (shouchella clausi) PBC429™ in mice for the treatment of diarrhea. In the acute toxicity study, a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg (500 × 10⁹ CFU/g) was administered to rats, followed by a sub-acute toxicity study for 28 days with repeated oral administration of Bacillus clausii PBC429™ at a dose of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day. In the present study, two doses of Bacillus clausii PBC429™ were tested in mice with castor oil-induced diarrhea. The results of this study indicate that no toxic effects of Bacillus clausii PBC429™ were observed at any dose administered for 28 days. No significant changes in body weight, clinical signs, hematological examinations, clinical biochemistry, gross pathology, or histopathology were observed between the control and test groups. Based on these results, NOAEL was found to be more than 2000 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg (5 × 10¹¹ CFU), respectively. Bacillus clausii PBC429™ reduced the frequency of defecation, onset of diarrhea, total fecal weight, and percentage of defecation. Thus, the results of this study suggest that Bacillus clausii is safe for human consumption and is an effective antidiarrheal agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Dietary Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on Growth Performance, Immune Function, and Muscle Quality in Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides).","authors":"Xiaofei Yang, Xinhong Zhou, Li Jiang, Yilong Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10701-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10701-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of dietary compound probiotics on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune response, and nutritional composition in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). A total of 360 healthy fish with an average initial body weight of 30.56 ± 0.32 g were randomly assigned to three treatment groups receiving diets with 0% (control), 0.5%, or 1.0% compound probiotics for 56 days. Results showed that fish in the 0.5% and 1.0% groups had significantly higher final weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and improved feed conversion ratio compared to the control (P < 0.05). Antioxidant indicators, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity, were significantly increased in both liver and intestine, while malondialdehyde levels were reduced (P < 0.05). Enzymes related to non-specific immunity, such as acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and lysozyme, were also significantly elevated (P < 0.05). Inflammatory gene expression in liver and intestine showed downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines. The expression of intestinal tight junction proteins, including claudin, occludin, and zonula occludens-1, was significantly enhanced (P < 0.05). While basic muscle composition was unchanged, beneficial shifts were observed in fatty acid and amino acid profiles, with increased levels of oleic acid, linoleic acid, phenylalanine, and lysine. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with 0.5% compound probiotics effectively enhances growth, immunity, antioxidant function, and muscle nutritional quality in largemouth bass.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparative Fractionation of Bacterial Proteins from Complex Probiotic Cell Matrices by Continuous Divergent Flow Electrophoresis for Further Downstream Processing.","authors":"Miroslava Stastna","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10694-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10694-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial proteins play important roles in many biological processes. However, many of them remain poorly characterized and their functions not well identified, due to, for example, their low abundances. Preparative fractionation can process and simplify complex biological samples and fractionate them into distinct fractions containing the proteins that are pre-purified from other proteins and unwanted sample impurities. If the proteins in the sample are present in low abundances, continuous collection of fractions allows obtaining sufficient amounts to process them further. Here, the supernatant with bacterial proteins extracted from nine species of probiotic bacterial cells was subjected to preparative fractionation in continuous divergent flow instrumentation working on the basis of bidirectional isotachophoresis/moving boundary electrophoresis. The analysis of the supernatant and collected fractions by SDS-PAGE and gel IEF revealed that the bacterial proteins in the supernatant covered molecular weights from 9 to 160 kDa and isoelectric points from 3.9 to 5.7. The majority of proteins were detected in four neighboring fractions. The analysis of fractions showed that during preparative bidirectional isotachophoresis, the proteins could be uniquely electro-focused and found in a single fraction, enriched as compared to the supernatant and/or separated from the proteins in other fractions. The proteins in separated pre-purified fractions are suitable for further analyses and procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory Effects of Probiotics on Anxiety and Depression-Like Behaviors in H. pylori-Infected Rats.","authors":"S Mohammad Ahmadi-Soleimani, Maha Masoudi, Amir Mohammad Ali Tabrizi, Farimah Beheshti, Omid Azizi","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10674-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10674-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal infection associated with peptic ulcers, gastritis, and psychological disorders like anxiety and depression. This study explored whether probiotic supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) and/or Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) could mitigate anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in H. pylori-infected rats. In addition, specific biochemical mechanisms underlying H. pylori and probiotic effects were investigated. Rats were infected with H. pylori and treated with L. rhamnosus, L. plantarum, or both probiotics via oral gavage. Anxiety- and depression-like behaviors were assessed using open field, elevated plus maze, forced swimming, and marble burying tests. Oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), serotonergic function, and corticosterone level were quantified in cortical tissues. Both L. rhamnosus and L. plantarum, particularly when co-administered, potently reversed the anxiogenic and depressogenic effects of H. pylori infection. These behavioral rescues were paralleled by normalization of dysregulated cortical oxidative and inflammatory parameters including suppressed anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and reduced antioxidant defenses. Similarly, H. pylori-induced attenuation of neurotrophic capacity and serotonin availability alongside heightened corticosterone level were all opposed by L. rhamnosus and L. plantarum supplementation. Our integrative methodology provided pivotal evidence that multispecies probiotic intervention with L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus alleviates anxiety/depressive-like symptoms in a preclinical model of gastrointestinal inflammation. We propose that adjunctive probiotic therapy could promote the behavioral resilience by optimizing the redox regulation, suppression of inflammatory response, enhancement of neurotrophic support, and maintenance of serotonergic transmission in brain cortex. These data signify probiotic supplementation warrants further evaluation in infected patients with psychiatric comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening, Purification and Partial Characterization of Bacteriocin Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria with Potentials to Control Staphylococcus aureus.","authors":"Xinyi Pang, Zeyin Feng, Xiaoye Song, Jing Sun, Xiangfei Li, Zhaoxin Lu, Yingjian Lu","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10640-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10640-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Staphylococcus aureus is a common foodborne pathogen, and its prevention and control has always been a hot topic of concern. The purpose of this study was to screen bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and explore its antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against S. aureus. A total of 67 strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from fermented foods, and 9 strains with good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and Escherichia coli were screened out according to the inhibition zone experiment and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. After acid neutralization, and catalase and protease treatment, it was found that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 65 could produce a new bacteriocin. The cell-free supernatant (CFS) of L. plantarum 65 was separated and purified by organic solvent extraction, sephadex LH20, and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The antibacterial active peptide obtained was a new type of bacteriocin with an amino acid sequence of KVKPLHA and a molecular weight of 791.5Da. The CFS of L. plantarum 65 showed antibiofilm activity against S. aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, with the highest inhibition rate reaching 83.07%. L. plantarum 65 isolated from fermented food products could produce novel bacteriocin with the ability to inhibit growth and biofilm formation of S. aureus.  IMPACT STATEMENT: The obtained results highlight the potential of bacteriocin-producing L. plantarum 65 have dual potential for antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against S. aureus, and it can be used for the prevention and control contamination of S. aureus in food.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review on Effect of Bifidobacterium Isolated from Skin Microbiota on GLP-1 Production to Alleviate Human Ailments.","authors":"Shristy Verma, Arun Kumar Mishra, Amrita Mishra, Kamal Y Thajudeen, Harpreet Singh, Gyas Khan","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10709-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10709-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The skin, a complex ecosystem, hosts diverse microorganisms that interact with the immune system and influence physiological processes. This study investigates the effects of Bifidobacterium, isolated from skin microbiota, on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) production, with implications for alleviating various human ailments. In compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards, a systematic search of the online bibliographic database PubMed from its launch until January 2025 was carried out. There were 267 papers that qualified for inclusion. Traditionally recognized for gut health, Bifidobacterium has also shown potential in modulating skin health and metabolic functions by stimulating GLP-1 secretion. GLP-1 plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels, promoting DNA repair, and exhibiting neuroprotective effects, thereby addressing oxidative stress and cellular senescence. In INS-1 pancreatic beta cells, GLP-1 treatment reduced the oxidative damage caused by tert-butyl hydroperoxide. GLP-1-treated cells showed increased glutathione cellular concentrations and the activity of its related enzymes, including glutathione reductase and peroxidase. The cAMP-mediated PKA/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway also contributes to the regulation of antioxidant enzymes, which in turn aids in the prevention of skin aging. Recent findings suggest that Bifidobacterium also enhances glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, indicating therapeutic potential for diabetes management. Additionally, the integration of advanced technologies, such as genetic engineering and artificial intelligence, is paving the way for personalized probiotic therapies and innovative skincare solutions, highlighting Bifidobacterium's multifaceted therapeutic potential in enhancing human well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Synbiotic on Ovarian Function and Quality in Cisplatin-induced Premature Ovarian Failure Wistar Rats.","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Madahali, Fatemeh Alipour, Atiyeh Eslahi, Alireza Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan, Fatemeh Karimi, Sareh Karimi","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10696-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10696-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infertility is a significant global challenge, affecting approximately 15% of couples. Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) is one of the primary causes of female infertility. Some new evidence suggests that gut microbiota influences ovarian function. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on POF. In the present experimental animal study, thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: (1) Control group, (2) POF group (cisplatin-induced model), (3) POF-Probiotic group (daily gavage of Saccharomyces boulardii at 1 × 10⁹ CFU), (4) POF-Prebiotic group (daily gavage of inulin at 500 mg/kg), and (5) POF-Synbiotic group (a combination of prebiotic and probiotic). After 28 days, the animals were sacrificed, blood samples were collected, and the ovaries were removed for histological assessment, oxidative stress evaluation, and RT-PCR analysis. In all. Treatment groups in body weight, ovarian tissue index, and folliculogenesis were better than the POF group. Oxidative stress was significantly lower in the synbiotic-treated group compared to other treatments and POF groups. Moreover, synbiotic treatment enhanced the expression of genes involved in folliculogenesis and inhibited apoptosis-related gene expression compared to the POF group. Synbiotic supplementation effectively reduced oxidative stress and ovarian apoptosis while promoting folliculogenesis via upregulation of key genes involved in this process. Consequently, synbiotics may mitigate some of the adverse effects of POF and improve ovarian function in affected rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144785120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Evaluation of Antioxidant Postbiotics from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens C-1 to Alleviate DSS-Induced Colitis.","authors":"Xinyao Hou, Jiayu Feng, Jiale Qin, Jianhui Mo, Rong Yu, Jia Lv, Shaoru Li, Jing Tian, Yue Cheng, Bei Han","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10689-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10689-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has been recognized as a next-generation probiotic with a qualified presumption of safety (QPS) status by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), indicating its promising application potential in postbiotic development. This study aimed to investigate the probiotic characteristics of B. amyloliquefaciens strain C-1, isolated from ready-to-eat fruit salads. Strain C-1 demonstrated robust tolerance to various adverse environments, maintaining 102.6% viability at pH 6.0 for 3 h and surviving in 10.0% NaCl, although it exhibited poor tolerance to high concentrations of bile salts. The strain showed sensitivity to most antibiotics, possessed strong auto-aggregating, hydrophobic properties and adhesion capacity, besides it can adhere to pathogenic microorganisms and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, genotypic and phenotypic experiments revealed that C-1 lacked virulence factors and pathogenicity islands, was non-hemolytic and non-cytotoxic, and displayed a favorable biosafety profile, making it a safe candidate for potential probiotic development. Based on these properties, five types of postbiotics were developed from C-1 fermentation through filtrate sterilization, thermal inactivation and ultrasonic cell disruption. The cell-free supernatant-type postbiotic (CFS) exhibited the most pronounced antioxidant and bacteriostatic activities. These postbiotics effectively alleviated intestinal damage in DSS-induced colitis in zebrafish, reduced acidic mucin, and decreased the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. The most significant effect was observed at a concentration of 0.1% CFS. In summary, the active ingredient of C-1, primarily located in the fermentation supernatant, is heat-sensitive and is anticipated to be developed into a safe and effective postbiotic for preventing the development of colitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144785119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactic Acid Bacteria-Derived Secondary Metabolites: Emerging Natural Alternatives for Food Preservation.","authors":"Riza Jane S Banicod, Nazia Tabassum, Aqib Javaid, Young-Mog Kim, Fazlurrahman Khan","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10672-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10672-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are extensively utilized in the food industry to improve nutritional content, sensory attributes, and shelf life of various food products through the synergistic action of several antimicrobial metabolites and ecological processes. The synthesis of organic acids lowers the pH of the food matrix, destabilizing microbial membranes and rendering them vulnerable to antimicrobial agents such as bacteriocin, hydrogen peroxide, diacetyl, peptides, and fatty acids. These create an environment that is inhospitable to foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms, which are amplified by the ability of LAB to rapidly colonize diverse ecological niches through efficient competition for nutrients and space. Despite their promising applications, challenges remain in optimizing LAB-based preservation systems for large-scale food production, including strain variability, stability concerns during storage, and regulatory obstacles. The application of LAB-derived secondary metabolites in food preservation, particularly biosynthesis, underlying action mechanisms, inhibitory factors, and impacts on food safety, quality, and stability, was eloquently explained in detail in this review paper. These secondary metabolites have also been employed with other bioactive agents and processing technologies as a synergistic approach to control food spoilage pathogens. Moreover, the challenges and limitations associated with their industrial adoption, synergistic application with emerging food processing technologies, and future prospects in the food industry have also been discussed. Harnessing the full potential of LAB in food preservation presents promising opportunities for developing innovative and sustainable substitutes for traditional chemical preservatives, which corresponds with the increasing consumer preference for safer, clean-label, and eco-friendly food products.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144768955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}