Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins最新文献

{"title":"Recombinant NK1 Protein and LEDs: An Innovative Strategy to Counteract Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains.","authors":"Silvia Di Lodovico, Valeria De Pasquale, Francesca Paola Nocera, Morena Petrini, Paola Di Fermo, Firas Diban, Morena Pinti, Luisa De Martino, Simona Tafuri, Luigina Cellini, Mara Di Giulio, Simonetta D'Ercole","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10702-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12602-025-10702-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increase in multi-drug-resistant strains represents a global challenge that strongly underlines the importance of the search for new eco-sustainable strategies. The aim of this work was to suggest a non-antibiotic approach to counteract resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in planktonic and sessile phases. The proposed strategy includes the combination of natural spliced variant of hepatocyte growth factor NK1, a protein produced by recombinant DNA technology in Pichia pastoris expression system and Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs). The antimicrobial action was determined by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum Bactericidal Concentration, and CFU/ml evaluations. The anti-virulence action was performed by measuring P. aeruginosa motility and twitching and anti-S. pseudintermedius and -P. aeruginosa biofilms. Recombinant NK1 and LEDs alone and combined with each other showed relevant antimicrobial and anti-virulence effects. In particular, when NK1 was combined with LEDs, significant CFU/ml reduction (up to 85.98% reduction with respect to the control) after 24 h of contact, P. aeruginosa swimming/swarming/twitching halos reduction (up to 60% reduction with respect to the control) and bacterial anti-biofilm formation action was obtained. The obtained results demonstrated the innovative and interesting non-antibiotic strategy formed by recombinant NK1 protein and LEDs to affect the S. pseudintermedius and P. aeruginosa growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti‑obesity Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZNFL-1 by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in High‑Fat Diet‑Induced Mice.","authors":"Tian Li, Jingxian Zhang, Wenhui Niu, Xiaoling Zhang, Ziqiao Yuan, Leli Wang, Ying Zhang, Lei Wang, Boyang Ji, Lingbo Qu, Yulong Yin, Yongjun Wei","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10692-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10692-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, one of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB), has shown numerous probiotic properties and health benefits to humans, particularly in the fight against obesity. Identification and characterization of effective L. plantarum strains and understanding their health effects are essential for developing effective probiotic-based therapies for chronic diseases like obesity and diabetes. By screening various environmental samples, 17 L. plantarum strains were isolated. The acid and bile salt tolerance, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production, cholesterol-lowering effect, and antioxidant performance of these L. plantarum strains were evaluated. The health effects of L. plantarum ZNFL-1 were assessed in high-fat diet-feeding mice by monitoring mice weight gain, adipose tissue, blood glucose, and lipid, and investigating the changes of the mice gut microbiota. The representative L. plantarum strain ZNFL-1 exhibited significant tolerance to acid and bile salts. Its supplementation significantly reduced cholesterol levels and exhibited antioxidant properties. In high-fat diet-feeding mice, L. plantarum ZNFL-1 intervention, especially at higher doses, reduced body weight gain, inhibited adipose tissue accumulation, and improved gut microbiota dysbiosis. This study identified L. plantarum ZNFL-1, which has notable anti-obesity effects in mice fed with a high-fat diet. These anti-obesity effects were achieved by increasing levels of beneficial bacteria and decreasing potentially harmful ones. Additionally, L. plantarum ZNFL-1 alleviated dysbiosis induced by a high-fat diet and improved symptoms associated with obesity by regulating lipid metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic Lactobacillus Strains Mitigate Chlorpyrifos-Induced Lung and Heart Toxicity in Rats via Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Mechanisms.","authors":"Hiva Alipanah, Ziba Sohrabi, Mehran Sayadi, Amene Nematollahi, Roghayeh Nejati","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10704-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10704-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a widely used organophosphorus pesticide, induces adverse effects such as organ toxicity, endocrine disruption, oxidative stress, and histopathological damage in non-target organisms. Emerging evidence suggests that lactic acid bacteria (LABs) can alleviate CPF-induced tissue damage. This study investigated the protective effects of probiotic lactobacilli against subacute CPF toxicity in the heart and lungs of rats. Eight groups of male Sprague‒Dawley rats were exposed to CPF and probiotics for 6 weeks. CPF toxicity triggered lipid peroxidation, evidenced by a 40% and 60% rise in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in heart and lung tissues, respectively. Additionally, CPF significantly elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and IL-1β, indicating oxidative and pro-inflammatory responses. Probiotic treatment effectively suppressed CPF-induced increases in MDA, SOD, and IL-1β. Histopathological analysis demonstrated that Lactobacillus acidophilus (heart) and Lactobacillus casei (lungs), particularly the probiotic bacterial mixture in each respective tissue, attenuated CPF-induced tissue damage. In conclusion, probiotic supplementation mitigates CPF-mediated cardiotoxicity and pulmonary toxicity by modulating antioxidant and inflammatory pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological, Histological, and NMR Analysis of Meat Quality and Growth Performance of Broilers Fed with Probiotics Bacillus licheniformis-Supplemented Poultry Feed.","authors":"Basit Ali Khan, Sundas Sharif, Amna Mehdi, Iram Liaqat, Sikander Ali, Asad-Ur-Rehman, Liangcai Peng, Sohail Afzal, Muhammad Nauman Aftab","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10677-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10677-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study evaluated the effect of probiotics (Bacillus licheniformis) on the growth pattern, hematological parameters, metabolic profile, and meat quality of broiler birds. Total of 75 Ross 308 broiler chicks were divided into three groups (25 broilers in each) and fed with poultry feed supplemented with probiotics (15 g/ton of feed for starter diet and 35 g/ton for grower diet), antibiotic (amoxicillin 900 mg/ton of feed) and basal poultry feed, respectively, for 5 weeks. The broilers of control group exhibited higher feed conversion rate (FCR), i.e., 1.932 ± 0.10 followed by the FCR of antibiotic group (1.84 ± 0.10) and probiotic (1.714 ± 0.10) group broilers. It indicated that the chicks fed with probiotic rich feed gained more weight while ingesting comparatively less quantity of feed. The difference in weight of body organs (heart, liver, spleen, and gallbladder) among all groups showed no significant change (p > 0.05). However, significant difference of intestinal length was observed; control group with longest intestine (213.5 ± 15.22 cm) and probiotic group with shortest intestine of length 194 ± 5.51 cm. Moreover, probiotics group showed an improved temperature (30.75 ± 1.75 °C) and pH (6.05 ± 0.05) in meat after 20 min of slaughter. The breast muscles of probiotic group chickens exhibited greater cooking loss, yellowness (b*) (13.15 ± 2.23) and lightness (L*) (53.9 ± 1.6) with reduced redness (a*) (12.305 ± 1.35) and shear force (17.265 ± 0.82) compared to the control and antibiotic-treated group. The histological examination of probiotics group chickens pectoral muscles indicated significant (p < 0.05) increase in fascicle diameter (654.08 ± 5.55 µm) and fiber density (29.26 ± 0.65 n/µm) of meat compared to the antibiotics and control group. Probiotic-treated chickens showed improved intestinal health while the blood glucose level of the probiotics group chicken was reported to be higher. Metabolic analysis of leg and breast meat of chickens fed with probiotics supplemented feed with 600 MHz 1H-NMR spectra revealed 23 identified metabolites, of which seven metabolites (carnitine, phenylalanine, histidine, O-acetylcarnitine, omega 3 fatty acid, uridine, lactate) were only reported in probiotics group. The findings suggest that B. licheniformis enhances growth, carcass yield, organ weights, meat quality, and overall health of broiler birds. Consequently, Bacillus licheniformis can be utilized as a substitute growth promoter instead of antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canine Microencapsulated Probiotic Formulations Modulate Immunity and Improve Acute Diarrhea in Dogs.","authors":"Carolina Muñoz-Flores, Felipe Sandoval, Paula Buldres, Miguel A Gutierrez-Reinoso, Ignacio Cabezas, Carlos Riquelme, Luis Gutiérrez, Manuel García-Herreros, Diego X Medina-Valarezo, Julio Villena, Sandra R Quilodrán-Vega, Jorge R Toledo","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10695-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10695-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Host-derived probiotic strains offer an effective alternative to antibiotics for improving animal gastrointestinal health. In this study, two probiotic strains-Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TUCO-16 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus TUCO-17-isolated initially from canine colostrum and milk, were scaled up and formulated with oligosaccharides into freeze-dried preparations. These formulations were evaluated in vitro using canine or human cell models to assess cytotoxicity, adhesion capacity, immune-related gene expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and paracellular permeability. The strains demonstrated high adhesion of up to 92% (p < 0.001), no cytotoxic effects, and induced significant (p < 0.0001) expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. They also stimulated the expression of mucins and tight junction proteins in epithelial cells up to increases of 414-fold and 21-fold (p < 0.0001), respectively. In addition, the formulations enhanced ROS production in macrophages (p < 0.0001) and maintained or reduced epithelial permeability (p < 0.0001). An in vivo trial in dogs with acute diarrhea confirmed the safety of the formulations. It showed improvement in stool consistency at the end of treatment without affecting frequency, contrasting with the effects of metronidazole. Overall, the results support using these host-specific probiotics as immunomodulatory agents that enhance intestinal barrier integrity and offer a safe, antibiotic-free alternative for managing acute diarrhea in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Probiotic and Synbiotic Supplementation on Glycemic Indices in Adult Individuals with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Grade-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of RCTs.","authors":"Azin Setayesh, Mehdi Karimi, Mohammad Amin Karimi, Samira Pirzad, Mahdis Heydari, Omid Asbaghi, Sayed Hossein Davoodi, Bagher Larijani","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10644-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10644-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Probiotic and synbiotic supplementation has garnered attention for its potential to modulate metabolic parameters, including glycemic control, in individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these supplements on glycemic indices, synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with grade-assessed methodologies. A comprehensive search of scientific databases was conducted from inception through January 2025 to identify RCTs assessing the effects of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on glycemic indices, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Eligible studies were screened; relevant data were extracted, and the quality of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA to generate pooled results. The pooled analysis of 48 RCTs demonstrated that probiotics and synbiotics supplementation significantly decreased FBG (WMD: - 7.00 mg/dL), FI (WMD: - 1.72 µIU/mL), HbA1c levels (WMD: - 0.34%), and HOMA-IR (WMD: - 0.91), with a substantial heterogeneity across all outcomes (p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses indicated reductions in FBG, FI, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR across varying baseline characteristics, including glycemic levels, trial durations, and participant health status. Both probiotics and synbiotics were effective, with notable benefits for patients with T2DM, longer intervention durations, and higher baseline BMI. Meta-regression and dose-response analyses revealed no significant association between the duration of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation and changes in glycemic indices. Probiotic and synbiotic supplements significantly reduce FBG, FI, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR, leading to improvements in glycemic markers in individuals with prediabetes and T2DM. These supplements can be used as effective adjunctive strategies to enhance glycemic control, highlighting the promising role of gut microbiota modulation in diabetes management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Mechanism by which Probiotic Alleviate the Response of Juvenile American Shad (Alosa sapidissima) to High Temperatures.","authors":"Chuwen Qiu, Chubing Gao, Pingping Deng, Zhuo Sun, Yongshi Liu, Jiabo Xu, Yonghai Shi","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10687-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10687-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Probiotics show great potential in mitigating the impacts of temperature stress on fish. American shad (Alosa sapidissima), a species highly sensitive to high temperatures, served as an ideal model for studying fish adaptation to climate change. This study integrated biochemical and hepatic transcriptomic analyses to demonstrate that the probiotic Lactococcus lactis L103 alleviated thermal stress via a regulatory network. The findings revealed that probiotic-mediated upregulation of irf1b and nfil3-2 suppressed pro-inflammatory responses, as evidenced by significantly reduced AST and ALT activities (P < 0.05), while enhanced SOD and GSH-PX activities mitigate oxidative damage. Moreover, activation of PPAR signaling via cpt1ab and dnajc14 promoted fatty acid β-oxidation, and enhanced PPS and TPS activities for energy substrate utilization. Notably, as a core circadian regulator, nr1d1 downregulation was speculated to dampen hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis activity potentially reducing stress-induced cortisol secretion. Concomitantly, serpinh1b downregulation alleviated endoplasmic reticulum stress to complement anti-oxidative defense. These changes collectively drove metabolic reprogramming to redirect energy from stress responses to growth and homeostasis, as shown by reduced MDA levels and enhanced metabolic enzyme activities. This research established a mechanistic link between probiotic-mediated circadian resetting, lipid catabolism, and stress resilience, providing molecular insights into fish adaptation to climate change. These results also offered translational strategies for sustainable aquaculture under warming conditions, highlighting the value of probiotics in optimizing energy homeostasis during thermal challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Effect of Nanoparticles with Probiotics on Gastrointestinal Regenerative Medicine.","authors":"Seyedeh Mehrnaz Kouhbananinejad, Alireza Farsinejad, Arman Shahabi, Naghmeh Satarzadeh, Amir Reza Sadeghifar, Fatemeh Mahmoudi-Meymand, Mahla Sattarzadeh Bardsiri, Amin Sadeghi Dousari","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10707-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10707-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanomedicine has emerged as a prominent field with significant potential to transform the future of medicine, thereby attracting considerable attention from researchers worldwide. In various studies, nanoparticles with high potential as delivery systems have been used in combination with probiotics, microorganisms that have beneficial health effects when consumed in sufficient doses, in treating inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Nanoparticles are synthesized by various methods, including biological, physical, and chemical, and depending on their size and structure, they produce different effects on the digestive system when combined with probiotics. The study demonstrates that combining various nanoparticles with specific probiotics can effectively modulate intestinal microbiota, reduce inflammation, enhance mucosal barrier function, and boost antioxidant activity, thereby aiding in the treatment of inflammatory digestive diseases. So, future research should further investigate the long-term safety, optimal dosing, and mechanisms of action of these nanoparticle-probiotic combinations in clinical settings to maximize therapeutic benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enterococcus Durans J396 Isolated from the Intestine of a Pig Enhances the Antioxidant Activity in Caenorhabditis Elegans.","authors":"Juntong Yu, Ruyi Gao, Zhuoming Sun, Wenyu Li, Dongyu Zhao, Tianxu Pan, Jialin Guo, Tongxuan Zhang, Shuyuan Yu, Haibin Huang, Nan Wang, Chunwei Shi, Xuanrui Liu, You Yang, Yukai Zhao, Ya Wang, Xueting Wang, Mingxiao Liu, Chunfeng Wang, Jiayao Guan, Guilian Yang","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10662-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12602-025-10662-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enterococcus durans is a potential probiotic with beneficial for the health of people and animals. However, the understanding of the antioxidant activity of E. durans is limited. In this study, the antioxidant activity of E. durans isolate J396 was investigated. The strain was well tolerant to heat stress and showed extensively resistant to acid and bile salts. In vitro, the DPPH radical scavenging ability of J396 was 89.95%. Feeding of Caenorhabditis elegans with J396 did not affect nematodes growth and reproduction, and significantly prolonged the lifespan of the nematodes. In addition, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activities increased by 57.05%, 36.25%, 82.88%, and 49.96%, respectively. The malondialdehyde (MDA), lipofuscin, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were reduced by 28.40%, 28.72%, and 65.57%, respectively. E. durans J396 effectively protected C. elegans from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress damage. The activity of SOD, CAT, GSH-px, and T-AOC increased by 142.03%, 74.86%, 62.01%, and 94.16%, respectively. Feeding E. durans J396 to C. elegans decreased MDA, lipofuscin, and ROS by 33.59%, 19.70%, and 56.42%, respectively. RT-qPCR analysis showed that the feeding of C. elegans with J396 upregulated the expressions levels of nsy-1, pmk-1, skn-1, and sod-3 in C. elegans. Our study confirmed the antioxidant properties of E. durans J396, indicating its potential application in the pharmaceutical industry and the antioxidant therapy for animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Probiotic Fermented Ulva fasciata Biological Extract Feed Supplement Improves Litopenaeus vannamei's Growth Performance, Gut Bacteria, and Immunity-Related Gene Expression.","authors":"Eman H Zaghloul, Fatma H A Mustafa, Seham A H Hassan, Eman M Abbas, Zaki Z Sharawy, Mohamed Ashour","doi":"10.1007/s12602-025-10693-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-025-10693-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study describes the application of the marine probiotic Enterococcus durans E23 for fermenting and biologically extracting Ulva fasciata. The prepared extract (RE) exhibited promising antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas fluorescens, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, E. coli, Bacillus sp., and Staphylococcus aureus (inhibition zone diameters 10-21 mm). Total phenolics, flavonoids, and GC-MS analysis revealed that RE contains phenolics, flavonoids, vitamins, and 35 phytochemical compounds. The efficacy of UE23 (RE + E. durans 23) as a feed supplement for Litopenaeus vannamei was assessed. The experiment was conducted for 12 weeks in fiberglass tanks (200 L). A total of 300 post-larval (PL) shrimp, weighing ~ 0.20 ± 0.01 g, were employed. Four experimental groups were allocated to 12 tanks (25 PL/tank). The control group (C) was fed on a commercial diet, while T1, T2, and T3 included adding UE23 at 1, 2, and 3 g kg^-1 concentrations, respectively. Applying UE23 significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced L. vannamei growth performance and immunity gene expression. T2 recorded the highest weight gain and specific growth rate, while the highest survival rate and lowest feed conversion ratio were reported by T3. UE23 successfully elevated the number of lactic acid bacteria in the shrimp gut from 20 in the C group to > 300 in the T3 treatment, and none of the tested pathogens were detected. Further, the expression of the transglutaminase gene was upregulated 14.5-fold compared to the control in the T3 treatment. In conclusion, U. fasciata biological extraction by E. durans E23 is a promising approach in obtaining an innovative shrimp feed additive with substantial bioactivities and nutritive potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":20506,"journal":{"name":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}