A. M. Arunnagiri, M. Sasikala, N. Ramadass, S. Mullai Venthan
{"title":"Development of a High-Throughput Microscope for the Analysis of Peripheral Blood Smears for Anemia Screening","authors":"A. M. Arunnagiri, M. Sasikala, N. Ramadass, S. Mullai Venthan","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The conventional method of screening for anemia requires pathologists to manually examine slides via microscope, a tedious process during health emergencies. This study presents an automated high-throughput optical digital microscope system capable of sequentially scanning and analyzing 10 blood smear slides per batch in under 15 min using a Laplacian-based autofocusing algorithm at 40x magnification. The acquired images are segmented via the YOLOv5 algorithm, and morphological features of red blood cells (RBCs) are classified using a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model. The system achieved 90.6% accuracy, 95% precision, 91% sensitivity, and 94% specificity in classifying anemia subtypes (macrocytic, microcytic, normocytic) and healthy samples. The trained model is integrated into an Android application for real-time geographic mapping of anemic clusters, enabling healthcare workers to prioritize interventions efficiently. This high-throughput approach eliminates the need for immersion oil and manual slide handling, demonstrating significant potential for rapid, scalable anemia screening in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehdi Nourizadeh, Yekta Saremi, Amir Parham Pirhadi Rad, Sepideh Mortezanezhad, Iman Amani Tehrani, Jocelyn Bégin, Maria Juricic, Kishore Mulpuri, Babak Shadgan
{"title":"Evaluating the Intensity of Muscle Contraction by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, a Potential Application for Scaling Muscle Spasm","authors":"Mehdi Nourizadeh, Yekta Saremi, Amir Parham Pirhadi Rad, Sepideh Mortezanezhad, Iman Amani Tehrani, Jocelyn Bégin, Maria Juricic, Kishore Mulpuri, Babak Shadgan","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70020","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Muscle spasticity, common in conditions such as cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, and multiple sclerosis, is traditionally assessed using the Modified Ashworth Scale, which lacks consistency. This study evaluates near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a non-invasive tool for measuring muscle contraction intensity. Thirty-seven healthy adults performed isometric contractions at varying intensities (15%, 30%, 45%, and 60% of maximal voluntary contraction), with NIRS sensors monitoring changes in the Tissue Oxygenation Index (TOI) and electromyography (EMG) measuring muscle activity. Results demonstrated a significant negative correlation between contraction intensity and ΔTOI, indicating that higher contraction levels resulted in greater reductions in muscle oxygenation. Additionally, a multinomial logistic regression model confirmed that TOI could reliably predict contraction intensity (<i>p</i> < 0.001). This technique could provide real-time, objective data for spasticity assessment, potentially improving treatment plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbio.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meijuan Sun, Wenqiang Zhang, Chongxuan Tian, Ruiyang Wang, Wen Liu, Yang Li, Yang Lv, Zunsong Wang
{"title":"A Novel Classification Model Based on Hyperspectral Imaging for Predicting Response to Tacrolimus in Patients With Primary Membranous Nephropathy","authors":"Meijuan Sun, Wenqiang Zhang, Chongxuan Tian, Ruiyang Wang, Wen Liu, Yang Li, Yang Lv, Zunsong Wang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70025","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At present, the research to predict the efficacy of tacrolimus (TAC) mainly focuses on serological indexes and urine analysis. Because these indicators are affected by many factors, they cannot accurately predict the therapeutic effect of primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) patients. In this study, a novel classification model (RCN) based on hyperspectral imaging combined with one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1D CNN) and relevance vector machine (RVM) was proposed for predicting patients' response to TAC. Based on the treatment outcomes of corticosteroids combined with TAC, the patients were divided into a remission group and a nonremission group. Through the analysis of hyperspectral data of pathological slices of patients in both the remission group and the nonremission group, the research results show that the model can effectively extract key features from the spectral data and achieve high classification performance, and it can predict the therapeutic effect of TAC in PMN patients.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dangdang Cheng, Qin Zhang, Wanwen Shan, Feifei Wang
{"title":"Facial Skin Aging: Effect of Aging in Different Layers of the Skin on Wrinkles and Sagging","authors":"Dangdang Cheng, Qin Zhang, Wanwen Shan, Feifei Wang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the impact of aging in different skin layers on the formation of wrinkles and sagging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a single-center clinical study, the skin micromorphology, wrinkles, and sagging of 34 participants aged 42–60 years who use an antiaging product for 56 days are discussed retrospectively and observationally. The variation trend of each parameter and the correlation between micromorphology parameters and wrinkles and sagging are analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parameters related to epidermal aging show a strong correlation with wrinkles and sagging, whereas parameters related to dermal aging show no significant correlation with wrinkles and sagging; in addition, parameters related to the dermal–epidermal junction (DEJ) show a moderate correlation with wrinkles and sagging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For individuals in the rapid and stable aging phases, aging of the epidermis has a greater impact on wrinkles and sagging than aging of the dermis and DEJ.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simone Sleep, Deanne H. Hryciw, Laurence J. Walsh, Eliza Ranjit, Nifty Tomy, Praveen R. Arany, Roy George
{"title":"Effects of Multiple Near-Infrared LEDs (700, 850, and 980 nm) CW-PBM on Mitochondrial Respiration and Gene Expression in MG63 Osteoblasts","authors":"Simone Sleep, Deanne H. Hryciw, Laurence J. Walsh, Eliza Ranjit, Nifty Tomy, Praveen R. Arany, Roy George","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluated mitochondrial and osteogenic activity in MG-63 pre-osteoblastic cells after photobiomodulation (PBM) using multiple near-infrared LED sources (Nuralyte) emitting wavelengths from 700 to 1100 nm.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MG-63 cells were irradiated daily for 3, 5, or 7 days with energy densities of 5.3 J/cm<sup>2</sup> (30 s, optimal dose) and 10.6 J/cm<sup>2</sup> (60 s, high dose). Mitochondrial function was assessed using the XF Seahorse analyzer, and gene expression of osteogenic markers was analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Maximal mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) significantly decreased at the optimal dose but increased at the high dose (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in 5-day irradiated cultures. Upregulation of osteogenic markers (OCN, OPN, BMP-2, COL-1, RUNX2) occurred after 3–5 consecutive days of irradiation, with greater activation at the optimal dose.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MG-63 cells respond to PBM using MNI-LEDs (700, 850, 980 nm) by modulating mitochondrial respiration and boosting bone-related gene expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbio.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Instant Diagnosis Using Raman Spectroscopy and Generative Adversarial Networks: A Blood-Based Study on Seasonal Flu, COVID-19, and Dengue","authors":"Rekha Puthenkaleekkal Thankappan, Dhanya Reghu, Dipak Kumbhar, Ashwin Kotnis, Rashmi Choudhary, Jitendra Singh, A. Raj Kumar Patro, Sarman Singh, Dipankar Nandi, Siva Umapathy","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rapid detection of infectious diseases like COVID-19, flu, and dengue is crucial for healthcare professionals preparing for contagious outbreaks. Given the constant mutations in viruses and the recurring emergence of threats like Nipah and Zika, there is an urgent demand for a technology capable of distinguishing between infections that share similar symptoms. In this paper, we utilize laser-based Raman scattered signals from a drop of dried blood plasma, combined with generative artificial intelligence, to provide a rapid and precise diagnosis. Our optimized model exhibits exceptional performance, yielding high predictive scores of 96%, 98%, and 100% for flu, COVID-19, and dengue, respectively. The proposed Raman spectroscopic analysis, with a rapid turnaround time, can ensure a near-accurate diagnosis and proper quarantining of highly infectious cases. Furthermore, the potential extension of our method to include other viral diseases offers an alternative to the challenge of developing different diagnostic kits for each disease.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143766052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daojian Qi, Yan Wu, Wenbo Mo, Jiaxing Wen, Shuang Ni, Jinglin Huang, Wei Le, Yudan He, Jia Li, Minjie Zhou
{"title":"Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Clinical Samples Combining a Paper-Based Immunoassay With SERS-Based Read out and Machine Learning","authors":"Daojian Qi, Yan Wu, Wenbo Mo, Jiaxing Wen, Shuang Ni, Jinglin Huang, Wei Le, Yudan He, Jia Li, Minjie Zhou","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While SERS-based detection can bring some advantages, it is far away from being established as a routine method in clinical diagnostics. In this study, a SERS-labeled immunochromatographic test paper was prepared. The rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 was realized by the machine learning algorithm of the Raman probe; the whole testing process takes less than 25 min, and the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 can be realized. After experimental evaluation, the sensitivity of the test strip for SARS-CoV-2 N protein detection can be 1 pg/mL, which is 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of the colloidal gold antigen detection strip on the market. In the detection of clinical samples, nucleic acid detection was used as the gold standard, and the accuracy was 84.21%.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Casey J. Metoyer, Jonathon R. Lever, Valerie Smith-Hale, Cloe Klaus, Cara Ocobock, Alan Huebner, Megan McGinty, Jonathan D. Hauenstein, John P. Wagle
{"title":"Exploring the Use of Thermography for Monitoring Physiological Responses to Training in Division-I Collegiate Female Soccer Players","authors":"Casey J. Metoyer, Jonathon R. Lever, Valerie Smith-Hale, Cloe Klaus, Cara Ocobock, Alan Huebner, Megan McGinty, Jonathan D. Hauenstein, John P. Wagle","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70016","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the use of thermography as a non-invasive tool to monitor physiological responses to mechanical workload in Division-I female soccer players. A total of 29 student-athletes (age: 19.8 ± 1.1 years) participated, with thermographic imaging conducted throughout training across the competitive season. A total of 8106 observations were analyzed, revealing a weak but significant negative correlation between total player load (TPL) and changes in body region temperature (∆<i>t</i>) (βTPL = −0.00047; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). For every one unit increase in TPL, skin temperature decreased by 0.00047°C on average. Similar patterns were observed in high-minute players (βTPL = −0.0046; <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and when excluding goalkeepers (βTPL = −0.00027, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Interestingly, cooler temperatures were linked to higher workloads in field players, contrasting with previous research. These findings suggest thermography may reflect physiological responses to external workload, with position-specific demands requiring tailored metrics for accurate monitoring.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid, Label-Free Detection of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Using Multiphoton Microscopy","authors":"Xingfu Wang, Na Fang, Liwen Hu, Zanyi Wu, Lianhuang Li, Guoping Li, Yupeng Chen, Jianxin Chen, Sheng Zhang, Yueshan Piao","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accurate diagnosis is vital for treating primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and determining patient prognosis in clinical practice. Currently, histological analysis stands as the gold standard for definitively diagnosing PCNSL, yet it is time-consuming and invasive. This study introduces multiphoton microscopy (MPM), utilizing second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), to detect human PCNSL. Several diagnostic features of PCNSL, such as increased cellularity, angiocentric infiltration pattern, geographic necrosis, perivascular reticulin deposits, and apoptosis niche, are captured. Moreover, with image processing, the extent of necrosis and perivascular reticulin deposits can be automatically assessed. These research findings underscore the capability of MPM for PCNSL identification. With the advancements in multiphoton endoscopes, in vivo detection of PCNSL may be achievable.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corinna Wegner, Zita I. Zarandy, Nico Feiler, Lea Gigou, Timo Halenke, Niklas Leopold-Kerschbaumer, Maik Krusche, Weronika Skibicka, Kosmas V. Kepesidis
{"title":"Toward Informative Representations of Blood-Based Infrared Spectra via Unsupervised Deep Learning","authors":"Corinna Wegner, Zita I. Zarandy, Nico Feiler, Lea Gigou, Timo Halenke, Niklas Leopold-Kerschbaumer, Maik Krusche, Weronika Skibicka, Kosmas V. Kepesidis","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70011","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores using unsupervised deep learning to find a low-dimensional representation of infrared molecular fingerprints of human blood. We developed a fully convolutional denoising autoencoder to process Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy data, aiming to condense the spectra into a set of latent variables. By utilizing the autoencoder's bottleneck architecture and a custom loss function, we effectively reduced noise while retaining essential molecular information. This method improved lung cancer detection accuracy by 2.6 percentage points in a case–control study. The resulting latent space not only compacts spectral data, but also highlights variables linked to disease presence, offering potential for improving diagnostics.</p><p>\u0000 <b>Trial Registration:</b> German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS): DRKS00013217</p>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbio.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}