Journal of Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of Salmonella species from poultry slaughterhouses in South Korea: carry-over transmission of <i>Salmonella</i> Thompson ST292 in slaughtering process.","authors":"Yewon Cheong, Jun Bong Lee, Se Kye Kim, Jang Won Yoon","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24053","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.24053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong><i>Salmonella</i> outbreaks linked to poultry meat have been reported continuously worldwide. Therefore, <i>Salmonella</i> contamination of poultry meats in slaughterhouses is one of the critical control points for reducing disease outbreaks in humans.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the carry-over contamination of <i>Salmonella</i> species through the entire slaughtering process in South Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From 2018 to 2019, 1,097 samples were collected from the nine slaughterhouses distributed nationwide. One hundred and seventeen isolates of <i>Salmonella</i> species were identified using the <i>invA</i> gene-specific polymerase chain reaction, as described previously. The serotype, phylogeny, and antimicrobial resistance of isolates were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 117 isolates, 93 were serotyped into <i>Salmonella</i> Mbandaka (n = 36 isolates, 30.8%), <i>Salmonella</i> Thompson (n = 33, 28.2%), and <i>Salmonella</i> Infantis (n = 24, 20.5%). Interestingly, allelic profiling showed that all <i>S</i>. Mbandaka isolates belonged to the lineage of the sequence type (ST) 413, whereas all <i>S</i>. Thompson isolates were ST292. Moreover, almost all <i>S</i>. Thompson isolates (97.0%, 32/33 isolates) belonging to ST292 were multidrug-resistant and possessed the major virulence genes whose products are required for full virulence. Both serotypes were distributed widely throughout the slaughtering process. Pulsed-field gel electrophoretic analysis demonstrated that seven <i>S</i>. Infantis showed 100% identities in their phylogenetic relatedness, indicating that they were sequentially transmitted along the slaughtering processes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This study provides more evidence of the carry-over transmission of <i>Salmonella</i> species during the slaughtering processes. ST292 <i>S</i>. Thompson is a potential pathogenic clone of <i>Salmonella</i> species possibly associated with foodborne outbreaks in South Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"25 3","pages":"e39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current strategies using 3D organoids to establish <i>in vitro</i> maternal-embryonic interaction.","authors":"Islam Mohamed Saadeldin, Seif Ehab, Ahmed Elsayed Noreldin, Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum, Seonggyu Bang, Hyejin Kim, Ki Young Yoon, Sanghoon Lee, Jongki Cho","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24004","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.24004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>The creation of robust maternal-embryonic interactions and implantation models is important for comprehending the early stages of embryonic development and reproductive disorders. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems often fail to accurately mimic the highly complex <i>in vivo</i> conditions. The employment of three-dimensional (3D) organoids has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome these limitations in recent years. The advancements in the field of organoid technology have opened new avenues for studying the physiology and diseases affecting female reproductive tract.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>This review summarizes the current strategies and advancements in the field of 3D organoids to establish maternal-embryonic interaction and implantation models for use in research and personalized medicine in assisted reproductive technology. The concepts of endometrial organoids, menstrual blood flow organoids, placental trophoblast organoids, stem cell-derived blastoids, and in vitro-generated embryo models are discussed in detail. We show the incorportaion of organoid systems and microfluidic technology to enhance tissue performance and precise management of the cellular surroundings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This review provides insights into the future direction of modeling maternal-embryonic interaction research and its combination with other powerful technologies to interfere with this dialogue either by promoting or hindering it for improving fertility or methods for contraception, respectively. The merging of organoid systems with microfluidics facilitates the creation of sophisticated and functional organoid models, enhancing insights into organ development, disease mechanisms, and personalized medical investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"25 3","pages":"e40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of canine pancreatic lipase tests for diagnosing pancreatitis in dogs.","authors":"Jin-Kyung Kim, Sun Young Hwang, Se Eun Kim, Gahyun Lee, Soungjin Ji, Jungho Kim, Yongbaek Kim","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24001","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.24001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Early diagnosis of canine pancreatitis is challenging due to non-specific clinical signs. Currently, abdominal ultrasonography and measurement of canine pancreatic lipase (cPL) have been employed for the diagnosis of pancreatitis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Many qualitative and quantitative commercial cPL tests have been developed and used in veterinary clinics. This study aimed to compare three different methodologies SNAP cPL, Spec cPL, and Vcheck cPL tests to assess the concordance of these assays.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty serum samples were collected from 36 dogs with or without pancreatitis and subjected to SNAP cPL, Spec cPL, and Vcheck cPL tests. Agreement and correlation coefficients were calculated between the test results, and correlations were determined during the management of the patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the three cPL assays were strongly correlated in 47/50 serum samples (94%). Cohen's kappa analysis between the Spec cPL and Vcheck cPL showed near perfect agreement (κ = 0.960, <i>p</i> < 0.001), SNAP cPL and Vcheck cPL (κ = 0.920, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and Spec cPL and SNAP cPL (κ = 0.880, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The correlation coefficients (<i>r</i>) between data from Spec cPL and Vcheck cPL tests was calculated by Spearman's correlation test (<i>r</i> = 0.958, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Furthermore, the patterns of change in serum cPL concentrations determined using Spec cPL and Vcheck cPL were significantly consistent during the monitoring period in 11 patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Our data illustrated that Spec cPL and Vcheck cPL tests are compatible for clinical use in the diagnosis and monitoring of canine pancreatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"25 3","pages":"e48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of respondents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward rabies and associated risk factors in Shone Town, Southern Ethiopia.","authors":"Teketel Gizaw Beresa, Teshita Edaso Beriso, Tesfaye Bekele Kassa, Isayas Asefa Kebede","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23301","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.23301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Rabies is a neglected tropical viral disease most often transmitted through the bite of an infected animal.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the Shone Town community toward rabies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Shone town, Ethiopia, from November 2022 to April 2023. Woreda was selected purposefully, while Kebeles and the study populations were selected by simple random sampling. Four hundred and sixteen respondents were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All respondents had heard about rabies from different sources, with the majority hearing from informal sources (62%). Approximately 51.9%, 0.7%, and 47.4% of individuals were aware of saliva contact, rabid animal bites, and both as means of transmission, respectively. The survey showed that 64.4% of participants knew the 100% fatal nature of rabies once the clinical signs developed, and 35.6% did not. Approximately 51.4% of respondents agreed that killing stray dogs was an effective method for rabies prevention. In this study, 72.6% of the respondents had contact with pets, and 36.8% of the interviewees had vaccinated their dogs. Only the educational level (<i>p</i> = 0.03) was associated with knowledge of the transmission route. Age (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and educational level (<i>p</i> = 0.01) had a statistically significant association with knowledge of the risk of not vaccinating dogs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>A lack of formal education in the communities, low levels of education, and the majority of respondents acquiring their knowledge from unofficial sources are important contributors to the low levels of awareness.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"25 3","pages":"e46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed tomographic evaluation of portal vein indices in cats with the extrahepatic portosystemic shunts.","authors":"Eunji Jeong, Jin-Young Chung, Jin-Ok Ahn, Hojung Choi, Youngwon Lee, Kija Lee, Sooyoung Choi","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24038","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.24038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>The portal vein to aorta (PV/Ao) ratio is used to assess the clinical significance of extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (EHPSS). Previous studies using computed tomography (CT) were conducted in dogs but not in cats.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to establish normal reference values for PV indices (PV/Ao ratio and PV diameter) in cats and determine the usefulness of these for predicting symptomatic EHPSS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 95 dogs and 114 cats that underwent abdominal CT. The canine normal (CN) group included dogs without EHPSS. The cats were classified into feline normal (FN, 88/114), feline asymptomatic (FA, 16/114), and feline symptomatic (FS, 10/114) groups. The PV and Ao diameters were measured in axial cross-sections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The group FN had a higher PV/Ao ratio than the group CN (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Within the feline groups, the PV indices were in the order FN > FA > FS (both <i>p</i> < 0.001). The mean PV diameter and PV/Ao ratio for group FN were 5.23 ± 0.77 mm and 1.46 ± 0.19, respectively. The cutoff values between groups FN and FS were 4.115 mm for PV diameter (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 97.7%) and 1.170 for PV/Ao ratio (90%, 92.1%). The cutoff values between group FA and FS were 3.835 mm (90%, 93.8%) and 1.010 (70%, 100%), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The results demonstrated significant differences in PV indices between dogs and cats. In cats, the PV/Ao ratio demonstrated high diagnostic performance for symptomatic EHPSS. The PV diameter also performed well, in contrast to dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"25 3","pages":"e37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary passage of canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells through intravenous transplantation in mouse model.","authors":"Jaeyeon Kwon, Mu-Young Kim, Soojung Lee, Jeongik Lee, Hun-Young Yoon","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23300","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.23300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>The intravenous administration of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) in veterinary medicine is an attractive treatment option. On the other hand, it can result in severe complications, including pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study assessed the occurrence of PTE after the intravenous infusion of canine AdMSCs (cAdMSCs) into experimental animals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five-week-old male BALB/c hairless mice were categorized into groups labeled A to G. In the control group (A), fluorescently stained 2 × 10⁶ cAdMSCs were diluted in 200 μL of suspension and injected into the tail vein as a single bolus. The remaining groups included the following: group B with 5 × 10⁶ cells, group C with 3 × 10⁶ cells, group D with 1 × 10⁶ cells, group E with 1 × 10⁶ cells injected twice with a one-day interval, group F with 2 × 10⁶ cells in 100 μL of suspension, and group G with 2 × 10⁶ cells in 300 μL of suspension.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group D achieved a 100% survival rate, while none of the subjects in groups B and C survived (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Blood tests revealed a tendency for the D-dimer levels to increase as the cell dose increased (<i>p</i> = 0.006). The platelet count was higher in the low cell concentration groups and lower in the high cell concentration groups (<i>p</i> = 0.028). A histological examination revealed PTE in most deceased subjects (96.30%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>PTE was verified, and various variables were identified as potential contributing factors, including the cell dose, injection frequency, and suspension volume.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"25 3","pages":"e36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of humidity on postmortem changes in rats.","authors":"Seroc Oh, Byeongwoo Ahn, Beom Jun Lee, Sang-Yoon Nam","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23327","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.23327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>In veterinary forensic science, accurately determining the postmortem interval (PMI) is crucial for identifying the causes of animal deaths. Autolysis, a significant postmortem process, influences PMI estimation, but its relationship with humidity is not well understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to improve the accuracy of PMI estimates in veterinary forensic cases by looking into how different humidity levels affect autolysis in different organs of rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 38 male rats, examining histopathological changes in their heart, liver, and pancreas. These organs were subjected to controlled humidity levels (20%, 55%, and 80%) at a constant 22°C. Tissue samples were collected at several intervals (0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 days, and 8 days) for comprehensive analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Distinct autolytic characteristics in animal organs emerged under varying humidity conditions. The low-humidity environment rapidly activated autolysis more than the high-humidity environment. In addition, it was found that lower humidity caused nuclear pyknosis, cytoplasmic disintegration, and myofiber interruption. The liver, in particular, showed portal triad aggregation and hepatocyte individuation. The pancreas experienced cell fragmentation and an enlarged intracellular space. High humidity also caused the loss of striations in cardiac tissues, and the liver showed vacuolation. Under these conditions, the pancreas changed eosinophilic secretory granules.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The study successfully established a clear connection between the autolytic process in PMIs and relative humidity. These findings are significant for developing a more accurate and predictable method for PMI estimation in the field of veterinary forensic science.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"25 3","pages":"e24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of cephalosporins in hydrolysis and inhibition of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> biofilms.","authors":"Jawaria Aslam, Hafiz Muhammad Ali, Shujaat Hussain, Muhammad Zishan Ahmad, Abu Baker Siddique, Muhammad Shahid, Mirza Imran Shahzad, Hina Fatima, Sarah Tariq, Fatima Sadiq, Maria Aslam, Umar Farooq, Saadiya Zia, Rawa Saad Aljaluod, Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23258","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.23258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> contribute to global health challenges by forming biofilms, a key virulence element implicated in the pathogenesis of several infections.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study examined the efficacy of various generations of cephalosporins against biofilms developed by pathogenic <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The development of biofilms by both bacteria was assessed using petri-plate and microplate methods. Biofilm hydrolysis and inhibition were tested using first to fourth generations of cephalosporins, and the effects were analyzed by crystal violet staining and phase contrast microscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both bacterial strains exhibited well-developed biofilms in petri-plate and microplate assays. Cefradine (first generation) showed 76.78% hydrolysis of <i>S. aureus</i> biofilm, while significant hydrolysis (59.86%) of <i>E. coli</i> biofilm was observed by cefipime (fourth generation). Similarly, cefuroxime, cefadroxil, cefepime, and cefradine caused 78.8%, 71.63%, 70.63%, and 70.51% inhibition of the <i>S. aureus</i> biofilms, respectively. In the case of <i>E. coli,</i> maximum biofilm inhibition (66.47%) was again shown by cefepime. All generations of cephalosporins were more effective against <i>S. aureus</i> than <i>E. coli</i>, which was confirmed by phase contrast microscopy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Cephalosporins exhibit dual capabilities of hydrolyzing and inhibiting <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> biofilms. First-generation cephalosporins exhibited the highest inhibitory activity against <i>S. aureus</i>, while the third and fourth generations significantly inhibited <i>E. coli</i> biofilms. This study highlights the importance of tailored antibiotic strategies based on the biofilm characteristics of specific bacterial strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"25 3","pages":"e47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole genome sequencing analysis on antibiotic-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolated from pig farms in Banten Province, Indonesia.","authors":"Hadri Latif, Debby Fadhilah Pazra, Chaerul Basri, I Wayan Teguh Wibawan, Puji Rahayu","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24031","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.24031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>The emergence and rapid increase in the incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in pig farms has become a serious concern and reduced the choice of effective antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study analyzed the phylogenetics and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and molecularly identified the source of ARGs in antibiotic-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolated from pig farms in Banten Province, Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-four antibiotic-resistant <i>E. coli</i> isolates from fecal samples from 44 pig farms in Banten Province, Indonesia, were used as samples. The samples were categorized into 14 clusters. Sequencing was performed using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION platform, with barcoding before sequencing with Nanopore Rapid sequencing gDNA-barcoding (SQK-RBK110.96) according to manufacturing procedures. ARG detection was conducted using ResFinder, and the plasmid replicon was determined using PlasmidFinder.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three phylogenetic leaves of <i>E. coli</i> were identified in the pig farming cluster in Banten Province. The <i>E. coli</i> isolates exhibited potential resistance to nine classes of antibiotics. Fifty-one ARGs were identified across all isolates, with each cluster carrying a minimum of 10 ARGs. The <i>ant(3'')-Ia</i> and <i>qnrS1</i> genes were present in all isolates. ARGs in the <i>E. coli</i> pig farming cluster originated mainly from plasmids, accounting for an average of 89.4%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The elevated potential for MDR events, coupled with the dominance of ARGs originating from plasmids, increases the risk of ARG spread among bacterial populations in animals, humans, and the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"25 3","pages":"e44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chloride and lactate as prognostic indicators of calf diarrhea from eighty-nine cases.","authors":"Gencay Ekinci, Emre Tüfekçi, Youssouf Cissé, İlknur Karaca Bekdik, Ali Cesur Onmaz, Öznur Aslan, Vehbi Güneş, Mehmet Çitil, İhsan Keleş","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23155","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.23155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Deaths due to neonatal calf diarrhea are still one of the most critical problems of cattle breeding worldwide. Determining the parameters that can predict diarrhea-related deaths in calves is especially important in terms of prognosis and treatment strategies for the disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary purpose of this study was to determine mortality rates and durations, survival status, and predictive prognosis parameters based on vital signs, hematology, and blood gas analyses in neonatal diarrheic calves.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The hospital automation system retrospectively obtained data from 89 neonatal diarrheic calves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that 42.7% (38/89) of the calves brought with the complaint of diarrhea died during hospitalization or after discharge. Short-term and long-term fatalities were a median of 9.25 hours and a median of 51.50 hours, respectively. When the data obtained from this study is evaluated, body temperature (°C), pH, base excess (mmol/L), and sodium bicarbonate (mmol/L) parameters were found to be lower, and hemoglobin (g/dL), hematocrit (%), lactate (mmol/L), chloride (mmol/L), sodium (mmol/L) and anion gap (mmol/L) parameters were found to be higher in dead calves compared to survivors. Accordingly, hypothermia, metabolic acidosis, and dehydration findings were seen as clinical conditions that should be considered. Logistic regression analysis showed that lactate (odds ratio, 1.429) and CI^- (odds ratio, 1.232) concentration were significant risk factors associated with death in calves with diarrhea.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>According to the findings obtained from this study, the determination of lactate and Cl^- levels can be used as an adjunctive supplementary test in distinguishing calves with diarrhea with a good prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"25 3","pages":"e38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}