Journal of Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Hematological differentiation of bladder rupture and complete/partial urethral obstruction in castrated Hanwoo (Korean indigenous cattle) with urolithiasis.","authors":"Young-Jun Kim, Seung-Min Ha, Ji-Yeong Ku, Ji-Seon Yoon, Jinho Park","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23010","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.23010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report describes the hematological and radiological examination of urinary bladder rupture and complete urethral obstruction. associated with urolithiasis in Hanwoo. Hyponatremia, hypochloremia, azotemia, and hyperglycemia were observed in both urethral obstruction and urinary bladder rupture. However, cattle with urethral obstruction showed hyperkalemia and mild hyperglycemia, whereas cattle with bladder rupture showed marked hyperglycemia and normal potassium levels. In ultrasonography, the urethral obstruction showed a dilated bladder with a thick bladder wall. In contrast to previous literature, in this study, severe electrolyte changes such as severe hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and hyperkalemia occurred in a case of complete urethral obstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":" ","pages":"e62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8a/18/jvs-24-e62.PMC10556296.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10085899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional and skeletal anatomy of long-tailed gorals (<i>Naemorhedus caudatus</i>) using imaging evaluations.","authors":"Sangjin Ahn,&nbsp;Woojin Shin,&nbsp;Yujin Han,&nbsp;Sohwon Bae,&nbsp;Cheaun Cho,&nbsp;Sooyoung Choi,&nbsp;Jong-Taek Kim","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate diagnosis of diseases in animals is crucial for their treatment, and imaging evaluations such as radiographs, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are important tools for this purpose. However, a cross-sectional anatomical atlas of normal skeletal and internal organs of long-tailed gorals (<i>Naemorhedus caudatus</i>) has not yet been prepared for diagnosing their diseases.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to create an anatomical atlas of gorals using CT and MRI, which are imaging techniques that have not been extensively studied in this type of wild animal in Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The researchers used CT and MRI to create an anatomical atlas of gorals, and selected 37 cross-sections from the head, thoracic, lumbar, and sacrum parts of gorals to produce an average cross-sectional anatomy atlas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study successfully created an anatomical atlas of gorals using CT and MRI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The atlas provides valuable information for the diagnosis of diseases in gorals, which can improve their treatment and welfare. The study highlights the importance of developing cross-sectional anatomical atlases of gorals to diagnose and treat their diseases effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"24 4","pages":"e60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6b/a1/jvs-24-e60.PMC10404708.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9950024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of cold atmospheric microwave plasma as an adjunct therapy for wound healing in dogs and cats.","authors":"Jisu Yoo,&nbsp;Yeong-Hun Kang,&nbsp;Seung Joon Baek,&nbsp;Cheol-Yong Hwang","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cold atmospheric plasma is a novel innovative approach for wound care, and it is currently underrepresented in veterinary medicine.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the efficacy and safety of using cold atmospheric microwave plasma (CAMP) as an adjunct therapy for wound healing in dogs and cats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Wound healing outcomes were retrospectively analyzed using clinical records of client-owned dogs and cats who were first managed through standard wound care alone (pre-CAMP period) and subsequently via CAMP therapy (CAMP period). The degree of wound healing was estimated based on wound size and a modified wound scoring system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 27 acute and chronic wounds included in the analysis, 81.48% showed complete healing after the administration of CAMP as an adjunct therapy to standard care. Most wounds achieved complete healing in < 5 weeks. Compared with the pre-CAMP period, the rate of wound healing significantly increased every week in the CAMP period in terms of in wound size (first week, <i>p</i> < 0.001; second week, <i>p</i> = 0.012; third week, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and wound score (first week, <i>p</i> < 0.001; second week, <i>p</i> < 0.001; third week, <i>p</i> = 0.001). No adverse events were noted except for mild discomfort and transient erythema.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CAMP is a well-tolerated therapeutic option with immense potential to support the treatment of wounds of diverse etiology in small animal practice. Further research is warranted to establish specific criteria for CAMP treatment according to wound characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"24 4","pages":"e56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/64/be/jvs-24-e56.PMC10404707.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9956290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular ring anomaly with a right patent ductus arteriosus and a left aortic arch in a juvenile cat.","authors":"Aki Takeuchi,&nbsp;Kazumi Shimada,&nbsp;Lina Hamabe,&nbsp;Tomohiko Yoshida,&nbsp;Yusuke Ozai,&nbsp;Miki Hirose,&nbsp;Aimi Yokoi,&nbsp;Momoko Watanabe,&nbsp;Ikki Mitsui,&nbsp;Ryou Tanaka","doi":"10.4142/jvs.22290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.22290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper reports the clinical findings and surgical treatment of feline right patent ductus arteriosus (RPDA) with a left aortic arch. A two-month-old female Maine Coon was referred for an investigation of regurgitation after weaning. RPDA with a left aortic arch was diagnosed based on the echocardiographic and computed tomography (CT) findings. A right-fourth intercostal thoracotomy was found to be an appropriate approach to the duct. Preoperative diagnosis is crucial and diagnostic imaging, including radiography, echocardiography, and cardiac CT examination, is essential for determining if the aortic arch is right or left.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"24 4","pages":"e50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/75/8d/jvs-24-e50.PMC10404710.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9956287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of improved transvenous heartworm extraction brush in dogs with caval syndrome.","authors":"Jihyun Kim,&nbsp;Junemoe Jeong,&nbsp;Kanghyo Park,&nbsp;Kyoungin Shin,&nbsp;In Sung Jang,&nbsp;Hakyoung Yoon","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heartworm infection in dogs is caused by <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i> and common in shelter animals and outdoors dogs. Caval syndrome can develop with severe infection and physical heartworm removal is essential with heartworm burdens. In this study, we used an improved transvenous heartworm extraction brush, which was expected to cause less cardiovascular damage and allow easier manipulation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to evaluate efficacy of this improved transvenous heartworm extraction brush.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The brush was designed to improve upon the limitations of the previous brush-type devices. The brush was made of a polyvinyl chloride tube and threads of polyamides or polyglyconates. Metal material was inserted at the front tip for easy visualization under fluoroscopy. The eight dogs diagnosed with caval syndrome with large numbers of heartworms and pulmonary hypertension were used in this study. The removal procedure began with the dissection of the subcutaneous tissue around the right jugular vein. The device was inserted through the jugular vein. After insertion, the tube was rotated to catch the heartworms and extracted with the heartworms hanging on the threads. The procedure was repeated several times. Lastly, jugular vein and skin sutures were made. Adulticidal therapy was administered after heartworm removal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean number of removed heartworms was 10.5 ± 4.24 and mean number of remaining heartworms was 0.63 ± 1.06. Total procedure time was 72.63 ± 51.36. Except for three cases, heartworms were not detected on ultrasonography after the procedure. No procedure-related side effects were observed within the 1- to 2-mon.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An improved transvenous heartworm extraction brush is efficient for heartworm removal in dogs with caval syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"24 4","pages":"e46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/87/df/jvs-24-e46.PMC10404712.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9950022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Siewert-Kartagener's syndrome in a dog.","authors":"Rankyung Jung,&nbsp;Jihye Choi,&nbsp;Hyeona Bae,&nbsp;Dong-In Jung,&nbsp;Kyoung-Oh Cho,&nbsp;DoHyeon Yu","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Siewert-Kartagener's syndrome, a type of primary ciliary dyskinesia, is a complex disease comprising situs inversus, rhinosinusitis, and bronchiectasis. Situs inversus totalis is a condition in which all organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities are reversed. Furthermore, primary ciliary dyskinesia, an autosomal genetic disease, may coexist with situs inversus totalis. Reports on Siewert-Kartagener's syndrome in veterinary medicine are limited. We report a rare case of primary ciliary dyskinesia with Siewert-Kartagener's syndrome in a dog, concurrently infected with canine distemper virus and type-2 adenovirus. This case highlights that situs inversus totalis can cause primary ciliary dyskinesia, and concurrent infections are possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"24 4","pages":"e57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d3/ae/jvs-24-e57.PMC10404705.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9956288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of porcine intestinal organoids as an <i>in vitro</i> model for mammalian orthoreovirus 3 infection.","authors":"Se-A Lee,&nbsp;Hye Jeong Lee,&nbsp;Na-Yeon Gu,&nbsp;Yu-Ri Park,&nbsp;Eun-Ju Kim,&nbsp;Seok-Jin Kang,&nbsp;Bang-Hun Hyun,&nbsp;Dong-Kun Yang","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mammalian orthoreovirus type 3 (MRV3), which is responsible for gastroenteritis in many mammalian species including pigs, has been isolated from piglets with severe diarrhea. However, the use of pig-derived cells as an infection model for swine-MRV3 has rarely been studied.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to establish porcine intestinal organoids (PIOs) and examine their susceptibility as an <i>in vitro</i> model for intestinal MRV3 infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PIOs were isolated and established from the jejunum of a miniature pig. Established PIOs were characterized using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunofluorescence assays (IFAs) to confirm the expression of small intestine-specific genes and proteins, such as <i>Lgr5</i>, <i>LYZI</i>, <i>Mucin-2</i>, <i>ChgA</i>, and <i>Villin</i>. The monolayered PIOs and three-dimensional (3D) PIOs, obtained through their distribution to expose the apical surface, were infected with MRV3 for 2 h, washed with Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline, and observed. Viral infection was confirmed using PCR and IFA. We performed quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR to assess changes in viral copy numbers and gene expressions linked to intestinal epithelial genes and antiviral activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The established PIOs have molecular characteristics of intestinal organoids. Infected PIOs showed delayed proliferation with disruption of structures. In addition, infection with MRV3 altered the gene expression linked to intestinal epithelial cells and antiviral activity, and these effects were observed in both 2D and 3D models. Furthermore, viral copy numbers in the supernatant of both models increased in a time-dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We suggest that PIOs can be an <i>in vitro</i> model to study the infection mechanism of MRV3 in detail, facilitating pharmaceutical development.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"24 4","pages":"e53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d4/86/jvs-24-e53.PMC10404702.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9956285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amelioration of DSS-induced colitis in mice by TNF-α-stimulated mesenchymal stem cells derived from feline adipose tissue via COX-2/PGE₂ activation.","authors":"Kyeongbo Kim, Ju-Hyun An, Su-Min Park, GaHyun Lim, Kyung-Won Seo, Hwa-Young Youn","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23106","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.23106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been investigated as therapeutic agents for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Stimulation of MSCs with pro-inflammatory cytokines is an approach to enhance their immunomodulatory effects. However, further investigation is required to support their application in immune-mediated disorders and companion animals.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated feline adipose tissue-derived MSCs (fAT-MSCs) in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Colitis mice was made by drinking water with 3% DSS and fAT-MSCs were injected intraperitoneally. Colons were collected on day 10. The severity of the disease was evaluated and compared. Raw 264.7 cells were cultured with the conditioned medium to determine the mechanism, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TNF-α-stimulated fAT-MSCs more improved severity of DSS-induced colitis in disease activity, colon length, histologic score, and inflammatory cytokine. In sectionized colon tissues, the group comprising TNF-α-stimulated fAT-MSCs had higher proportion of CD11b⁺CD206⁺ macrophages than in the other groups. <i>In vitro</i>, TNF-α-stimulation increased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) secretion from fAT-MSCs. The conditioned medium from TNF-α-stimulated fAT-MSCs enhanced the expression of interleukin-10 and arginase-1 in LPS-activated Raw 264.7 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results represent that TNF-α-stimulated fat-mscs ameliorate the inflamed colon more effectively. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the effectiveness was interlinked with the COX-2/PGE₂ pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"24 4","pages":"e52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/17/a1/jvs-24-e52.PMC10404709.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9950028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Receptor binding motif surrounding sites in the spike 1 protein of infectious bronchitis virus have high susceptibility to mutation related to selective pressure.","authors":"Seung-Min Hong,&nbsp;Seung-Ji Kim,&nbsp;Se-Hee An,&nbsp;Jiye Kim,&nbsp;Eun-Jin Ha,&nbsp;Howon Kim,&nbsp;Hyuk-Joon Kwon,&nbsp;Kang-Seuk Choi","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23039","url":null,"abstract":"Background To date, various genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) have co-circulated and in Korea, GI-15 and GI-19 lineages were prevailing. The spike protein, particularly S1 subunit, is responsible for receptor binding, contains hypervariable regions and is also responsible for the emerging of novel variants. Objective This study aims to investigate the putative major amino acid substitutions for the variants in GI-19. Methods The S1 sequence data of IBV isolated from 1986 to 2021 in Korea (n = 188) were analyzed. Sequence alignments were carried out using Multiple alignment using Fast Fourier Transform of Geneious prime. The phylogenetic tree was generated using MEGA-11 (ver. 11.0.10) and Bayesian analysis was performed by BEAST v1.10.4. Selective pressure was analyzed via online server Datamonkey. Highlights and visualization of putative critical amino acid were conducted by using PyMol software (version 2.3). Results Most (93.5%) belonged to the GI-19 lineage in Korea, and the GI-19 lineage was further divided into seven subgroups: KM91-like (Clade A and B), K40/09-like, QX-like (I-IV). Positive selection was identified at nine and six residues in S1 for KM91-like and QX-like IBVs, respectively. In addition, several positive selection sites of S1-NTD were indicated to have mutations at common locations even when new clades were generated. They were all located on the lateral surface of the quaternary structure of the S1 subunits in close proximity to the receptor-binding motif (RBM), putative RBM motif and neutralizing antigenic sites in S1. Conclusions Our results suggest RBM surrounding sites in the S1 subunit of IBV are highly susceptible to mutation by selective pressure during evolution.","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"24 4","pages":"e51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/18/41/jvs-24-e51.PMC10404704.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9956289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus: an update overview of virus epidemiology, vaccines, and control strategies in South Korea.","authors":"Guehwan Jang,&nbsp;Duri Lee,&nbsp;Sangjune Shin,&nbsp;Jeonggyo Lim,&nbsp;Hokeun Won,&nbsp;Youngjoon Eo,&nbsp;Cheol-Ho Kim,&nbsp;Changhee Lee","doi":"10.4142/jvs.23090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has posed significant financial threats to the domestic pig industry over the last three decades in South Korea. PEDV infection will mostly result in endemic persistence in the affected farrow-to-finish (FTF) herds, leading to endemic porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) followed by year-round recurrent outbreaks. This review aims to encourage collaboration among swine producers, veterinarians, and researchers to offer answers that strengthen our understanding of PEDV in efforts to prevent and control endemic PED and to prepare for the next epidemics or pandemics. We found that collaboratively implementing a PED risk assessment and customized four-pillar-based control measures is vital to interrupt the chain of endemic PED in affected herds: the former can identify on-farm risk factors while the latter aims to compensate for or improve weaknesses via herd immunity stabilization and virus elimination. Under endemic PED, long-term virus survival in slurry and asymptomatically infected gilts (\"Trojan Pigs\") that can transmit the virus to farrowing houses are key challenges for PEDV eradication in FTF farms and highlight the necessity for active monitoring and surveillance of the virus in herds and their environments. This paper underlines the current knowledge of molecular epidemiology and commercially available vaccines, as well as the risk assessment and customized strategies to control PEDV. The intervention measures for stabilizing herd immunity and eliminating virus circulation may be the cornerstone of establishing regional or national PED eradication programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"24 4","pages":"e58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/46/73/jvs-24-e58.PMC10404706.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9950027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}