Journal of Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Effect of localized cryotherapy on interdigital pruritus of dogs with canine atopic dermatitis.","authors":"Jae-Il Han, Dongkuk Yoo, Eunjoo Kim, Eun-Soo Lee, Yoonseok Jang, Aryung Nam, Jae-Eun Hyun","doi":"10.4142/jvs.25049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.25049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Interdigital dermatitis represents a significant clinical manifestation in dogs with atopic dermatitis. Given the refractory nature of these lesions to conventional therapies, there is an increasing demand for novel treatment modalities for atopic interdigital dermatitis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel focal cryotherapy device in improving lesions and clinical symptoms in dogs with atopic interdigital dermatitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty dogs diagnosed with atopic interdigital dermatitis were enrolled in this study. Cryotherapy was applied at -5°C for 10 sec to the interdigital spaces. The treatment protocol consisted of three sessions, with 9 dogs receiving weekly treatments and 11 dogs receiving treatments twice weekly. At each visit, a modified Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (m-CADESI) and a modified Pruritus Visual Analog Scale (m-PVAS) were employed. Moreover, owner satisfaction and potential adverse effects were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both treatment groups showed improvement in erythema and m-CADESI scores post-treatment. However, a statistically significant reduction in m-PVAS was only observed in treatment group 2. Remarkably, patients with baseline m-CADESI scores ≤ 12 showed significantly greater improvement in m-PVAS compared to those with scores > 12. No significant adverse effects were observed in any of the patients, and owner satisfaction was reported as good to excellent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Focal cryotherapy for atopic interdigital dermatitis, when properly indicated, may be considered a novel, safe, and effective treatment option for reducing lesions and pruritus in affected dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNA sequencing of <i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> infecting bovine mammary epithelial cells and bovine mononuclear cells.","authors":"Noriko Imaizumi, Satoshi Gondaira, Tomochika Sugiura, Ayako Eguchi, Koji Nishi, Jumpei Fujiki, Hidetomo Iwano, Hidetoshi Higuchi","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong><i>Mycoplasma bovis</i> is the major pathogen of bovine mycoplasmosis, such as mastitis, pneumonia, otitis media, and arthritis. Understanding the pathophysiology of mycoplasmal infections from the pathogen-side is as important as elucidating the host-side effects; however, few studies have focused on the variations in the expression of <i>M. bovis</i> genes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we performed RNA sequencing of <i>M. bovis</i> infecting bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) and mononuclear cells (MNCs) to elucidate pathogen-side factors involved in the pathophysiology of <i>M. bovis</i> mastitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>M. bovis</i> was cocultured with bMEC and MNC using a transwell system, and total RNA was extracted for RNA sequencing analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 162 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 104 upregulated and 58 downregulated, in <i>M. bovis</i> infecting bMEC, whereas 220 DEGs, 154 upregulated and 66 downregulated, in <i>M. bovis</i> infecting MNC. Enrichment analysis of upregulated DEGs in <i>M. bovis</i> infecting bMEC revealed multiple pathways with overlapping genes involved in lipid metabolism. The expression of six virulence genes were significantly upregulated in <i>M. bovis</i> infecting bMEC and MNC, whereas the expression of three virulence genes were significantly downregulated in <i>M. bovis</i> infecting MNC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Our findings indicate that <i>M. bovis</i> exhibits infecting cell-specific gene expression, and its virulence varies with the infecting cell type.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baicalin ameliorated neurological damage in animal models of stroke through its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects.","authors":"Hyun-Kyoung Son, Dong-Ju Park, Ju-Bin Kang, Phil-Ok Koh","doi":"10.4142/jvs.25055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.25055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Ischemic stroke leads to neuronal cell death due to a lack of oxygen and glucose. Baicalin is a flavonoid that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to elucidate the anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of baicalin in animal models of stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Vehicle or baicalin (100 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally immediately after the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery. Neurobehavioral tests were conducted 24 h post-MCAO and brain tissue was isolated to assess histopathological changes and apoptosis-associated protein expression. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) assays were performed to evaluate oxidative stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MCAO animals exhibited severe neurological deficits, which were significantly alleviated by baicalin treatment. Baicalin mitigated the up-regulation in ROS and LPO levels induced by surgery. MCAO damage led to severe histopathological lesions and an increase in terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling-positive reactions, these alterations were alleviated by baicalin treatment. MCAO damage decreases the expression of Bcl-2 and increases the expression of Bax, baicalin alleviates these changes. Baicalin also attenuated the upregulation of caspase-3 expression caused by MCAO injury.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>These results can suggest evidence that baicalin exerts neuroprotective effects by preventing apoptosis during cerebral ischemia. In conclusion, baicalin acts as a potent neuroprotective agent through its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects on neuronal cell damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and genetic evolution analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Chengdu from January 2021 to December 2022.","authors":"Hongyu Zhong, Kerong Li, Min Li, Kun Zhang, Yi Zhang, Luqi Liang, Haifeng Liu, Zhijun Zhong, Guangneng Peng, Xiaoxiao Zhou, Ziyao Zhou","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.24277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Pandemics involving the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) impact swine health and productivity, causing economic devastation, especially in large-scale feeding areas.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the prevalence and genetic variations of PRRSV in Chengdu, China, a vital transportation hub and the main area of pig breeding in southwest China, between January 2021 and December 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The samples were collected from 13 key pig-feeding areas in Chengdu. The positive PRRSV samples were detected using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The genetic variations of the PRRSV were analyzed by amplifying the open reading frame 5 (ORF5) gene and comparing it with relevant reference sequences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PRRSV positive rate in Chengdu was 11.42% (276/2,416), including sublines 8.7, 5.1, 3.0, and 1.8. The ORF5 gene sequences in the samples had no insertion or deletion of amino acids but widespread variations, including the 13th and 151st positions, which were associated with viral virulence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The PRRSV pandemic in Chengdu was relevant, and recombination between vaccine strains and field strains can contribute to vaccine immune failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Casein kinase 1 epsilon (CK1ε) as a potential therapeutic target in chronic liver disease.","authors":"Mwense Leya, Thach Phan Van, Jong-Won Kim, Bumseok Kim","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24321","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.24321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a significant global health concern, often progressing to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in both humans and animals. Despite substantial research efforts, effective CLD treatments remain scarce. Casein kinase 1 epsilon (CK1ε), a serine/threonine kinase, plays a pivotal role in several critical signaling pathways, including the Wingless/Integrated (Wnt)/β-catenin, HIPPO, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, all of which contribute to liver disease progression.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>CK1ε regulates key pathways that drive liver fibrosis, inflammation, and cancer. Its involvement in lipid metabolism and adipogenesis links CK1ε to metabolic dysfunctional-associated steatotic liver disease. Elevated CK1ε levels are observed in disease models beyond CLD, underscoring its broad role in pathological conditions. Moreover, CK1ε phosphorylates critical proteins such as Wnt/β-catenin, RAS/MAPK, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B, transcription coactivators yes-associated protein 1 and the PDZ-binding motif, and Sprouty homolog 2, suggesting potential influence on liver cell function and fibrosis development. Preclinical models demonstrate that CK1ε inhibitors, including PF-4800567, PF-670462, and IC261, effectively reduce tumor growth and fibrosis of variable etiologies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>CK1ε's central role in liver disease progression makes it a compelling target for therapeutic strategies. Targeting CK1ε with small molecules or gene therapies could offer novel treatment avenues for CLD. However, challenges related to target specificity and safety must be addressed. Further research and translational studies could pave the way for precision medicine approaches, enhancing treatment outcomes for both animals and humans with CLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"26 3","pages":"e30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First case report of urothelial cyst in a dog: diagnostic approach.","authors":"Soobin Kim, Minjung Kang, Jihee Hong, Youngsuk Kim, Jaehwan Kim, Kidong Eom","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24338","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.24338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Cystic masses in the abdominal cavity near the vaginal area can have a range of origins, including urothelial cysts, which have never been reported in dogs. This paper reports the first known occurrence of a urothelial cyst in a dog.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>An 18-year-old, 2.05 kg intact female Maltese dog presented with a mammary nodule with no systemic clinical signs. The radiographs and ultrasound revealed a large cystic mass in the abdominal cavity. Computed tomography imaging showed that the mass was in contact with the bladder, urethra, and vagina but had no direct connections to these organs. Surgical removal was performed. Histopathology analysis confirmed a urothelial cyst lined with transitional and stratified squamous epithelium.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This case highlights the need to include urothelial cysts in a differential diagnosis of cystic masses near the vaginal region in dogs. Early imaging-based detection is crucial to preventing misdiagnoses and ensuring appropriate surgical intervention. Veterinarians must carefully differentiate this condition from other reproductive disorders, including pyometra and uterine tumors, to avoid complications and ensure appropriate management.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"26 3","pages":"e40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, distribution, and risk factors of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. infection among calves in the Far-North Region of Cameroon.","authors":"Augustin Siama, Justin Kalmobe, Rodrigue Simonet Poueme Namegni, Samuel Abah, Alexandre Michel Njan Nlôga","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24040","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.24040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Cryptosporidiosis is a ubiquitous gastrointestinal zoonotic disease of young calves and children under 5 years of age, but it is relatively unknown in Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the prevalence, distribution, and risk factors of cryptosporidiosis in calves of the Far North Region of Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fecal samples were collected and examined using the modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique for <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. oocysts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 261/629 calves tested positive for infection, giving an overall 41.5% prevalence. The prevalence was significantly higher in calves younger than 3 months (59.68%) (<i>p</i> < 0.000), with a body condition score (BCS) 2 (69.56%) (p<0.000), with diarrheic stools (74.72%), during the rainy season (74.72%) (<i>p</i> < 0.000), and in large herds (48.16%) (<i>p</i> = 0.046). This disease was distributed widely in all divisions and localities of the study. The risk of infection was higher in calves aged < 3 months (<i>p</i> < 0.000), with diarrheic stools (<i>p</i> < 0.000), BCS 2 (<i>p</i> < 0.000), during the rainy season (<i>p</i> < 0.000), and in large herds (<i>p</i> < 0.000). The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was distributed widely in diarrhoeic calves (<i>p</i> < 0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This study provides the first evidence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. infection of calves in the Far North region of Cameroon with the associated risk factors such as age, BCS, season, herd size, diarrheal status, feed source, barn hygiene, and water sources. Further molecular investigation in this region will be needed to implement control strategies to limit zoonotic transmission to humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"26 3","pages":"e41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of visual dye-based loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays for <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> detection in ruminants.","authors":"Sudu Hakuruge Madusha Pramud Wimalasena, Sang Young Seo, Han Gyu Lee, Young Hun Jung, Yoon Jung Do, Ara Cho, Changyong Choe, Are Sun Yoo, Seogjin Kang, Jun Ho Lee, Han Sang Yoo, Eun-Yeong Bok","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24201","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.24201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong><i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP), the causative agent of Johne's disease (JD) in ruminants, is a potential zoogenic pathogen. At the asymptomatic subclinical stage, infected animals periodically shed the pathogen through feces and milk, serving as silent carriers for disease transmission. In Republic of Korea, where treatment for JD is not pursued and culling is the primary management strategy for infected animals, early detection is crucial for effective disease control.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we aimed to develop a new primer set for the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for facilitating visual-based detection of MAP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We designed LAMP primers for the MAP-specific gene IS<i>1311</i> and optimized the reaction conditions to enhance diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Practical application was evaluated using 170 field samples of feces and intestinal tissues from cattle and goats.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LAMP method demonstrated sensitivity superior to that of the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and equal to that of real-time-PCR targeting the F<i>57</i> gene, detecting as low as 0.1 pg MAP DNA per reaction. Notably, we integrated a mixed dye composed of calcein and hydroxynaphthol blue at an optimal ratio, enabling clear visual distinction of results under natural light. In practical application, the LAMP assay demonstrated a true positive rate of 100% and true-negative rate of 92.22%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The developed mixed dye-LAMP method facilitates immediate, sensitive diagnosis by providing a user-friendly readout. By reducing diagnostic time and enhancing visual clarity without specialized equipment, it significantly improves JD control in the livestock industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"26 3","pages":"e31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of tissue tropism of chicken anaemia virus on chicken embryos: a molecular insight.","authors":"Sedeneinuo Suohu, Gurusamipalayam Amirthalingam Balasubramaniam, Ayyasamy Arulmozhi, Thippichettipalayam Ramasamy Gopalakrishnamurthy, Angamuthu Raja","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24186","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.24186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Few studies have examined the interactions of the chicken anemia virus (CAV) with the immune system of embryos.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the pathogenicity of the CAV in chicken embryos with respect to its tissue tropism and viral load in different tissues.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The pathogenicity of the CAV was examined in about-to-hatch embryos through cytology, histopathological examinations, molecular detection, immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunofluorescent test, and immunohistochemistry techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experimental study using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay revealed the presence of CAV in the liver, bone marrow, and thymus tissues of embryos where embryos were inoculated with CAV-positive bone marrow specimens obtained from chicken anemia-suspect cases. Intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies were detected cytologically in the bone marrow of the embryos, whereas no inclusion body was detected in the thymus. On the other hand, both kinds of inclusion bodies were observed in bone marrow and thymus in the histopathology. In addition, various organs of PCR-positive CAV embryos revealed the depletion of lymphocytes and hematopoietic cells in the thymus and bone marrow, respectively. The CAV antigen was confirmed in the bone marrow and thymus cytological smears using ICC and immunofluorescence techniques.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Viral antigen exhibited more tropism towards the bone marrow of embryos than the thymus in ICC and immunofluorescence techniques. The presence of CD44, a marker for progenitor cells and an antigen in the serial sections of bone marrow, confirmed the relevance of viral tropism for the hemocytoblasts of the bone marrow as the main target cells in embryos and subsequently in chicks for viral replication.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"26 3","pages":"e17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baicalin protects neurons from oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by glutamate excitotoxicity in HT-22 cells.","authors":"Hyun-Kyoung Son, Phil-Ok Koh","doi":"10.4142/jvs.24334","DOIUrl":"10.4142/jvs.24334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Baicalin is a flavonoid compound with various functions, including neuroprotective effects. Glutamate is an essential excitatory neurotransmitter involved in synaptic transmission, but it can also induce neuronal damage through excitotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of baicalin on glutamate-exposed neuronal cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mouse neuronal hippocampal HT-22 cells were cultured and treated with glutamate (5 mM) and/or baicalin (10, 30, 50 µM). Baicalin was administered 1 h before glutamate treatment, and cells were collected 24 h following glutamate exposure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) analyses were performed to determine the oxidative stress. Western blot and immunocytochemical staining were performed to investigate the expressions of bcl-2, bax, and caspase-3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Glutamate induced severe neuronal damage, including cell morphological condensation, which was attenuated by baicalin treatment. Baicalin treatment ameliorated the decrease in cell viability due to glutamate toxicity. Baicalin mitigated glutamate-induced increase of ROS and LPO in a dose-dependent manner. Glutamate exposure induced the downregulation of bcl-2 and the upregulation of bax, thereby reducing the bcl-2 to bax ratio, while administration of baicalin prevented these changes. Baicalin treatment ameliorated the glutamate toxicity-induced increase in caspase-3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Baicalin exerts antioxidant and anti-apoptotic functions against glutamate toxicity in neurons by preventing oxidative stress and inhibiting the apoptotic pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":17557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Science","volume":"26 3","pages":"e29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}