Michael Ke, Neeki Ettefagh, Ahmet Semih Topbas, Mehdi Kazemi
{"title":"<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> Meningoencephalitis in a Young Immunocompetent Patient.","authors":"Michael Ke, Neeki Ettefagh, Ahmet Semih Topbas, Mehdi Kazemi","doi":"10.1177/23247096251334235","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23247096251334235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryptococcal meningitis is mainly seen in immunocompromised patients, but in recent years, there has been an increase in cases involving patients with no known immunodeficiencies. These patients have symptomatic presentations that range from indolent and mild to typical and severe. We present a case of cryptococcal meningitis in an immunocompetent young patient with a chronic headache. The patient underwent imaging which showed diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement and a lumbar puncture which confirmed <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>. She underwent guideline-based treatment for cryptococcal meningitis and improved clinically. Cryptococcal meningitis should be considered in immunocompetent patients who present with typical signs of symptoms of meningitis, particularly chronic headaches and altered mental status.</p>","PeriodicalId":16198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"23247096251334235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Altered Mental Status Due to Hyperammonemia Syndrome and PRES in a 31-Year-old Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient.","authors":"Mary Bridget Lee, Daniel Gorman","doi":"10.1177/23247096251344702","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23247096251344702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperammonemia syndrome and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) are potentially devastating diagnoses in transplant patients. Their underlying etiologies and pathophysiologies remain incompletely understood, and while they are separately well-documented complications in posttransplant patients, they have not been described concurrently. Here we present a case of both hyperammonemia syndrome and PRES causing rapid mental status decline in a 31-year-old bone marrow transplant recipient. The patient had extensive testing to rule out other diagnoses and made a full recovery after correction of her hyperammonemia. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these disease processes; however, clinicians should keep both diagnoses in mind when treating transplant patients with acute neurologic changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"23247096251344702"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12099132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kinh Kha Nguyen, Dinh Kinh Hoang, Quoc Trung Lam, Thanh Phong Lenh
{"title":"Sacral Metastasis in Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma: Cytology Pitfalls and Serum Thyroglobulin Utility.","authors":"Kinh Kha Nguyen, Dinh Kinh Hoang, Quoc Trung Lam, Thanh Phong Lenh","doi":"10.1177/23247096251336659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23247096251336659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sacral bone metastasis from primary follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is rare. Most reported cases include factors indicative of thyroid origin, such as a history of treated thyroid cancer or newly identified thyroid nodules with malignant cytology. We herein report a 57-year-old woman with a metastatic sacral lesion of thyroid origin, initially misdiagnosed due to a false-negative fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology result of a thyroid nodule. The diagnosis was suspected based on an abnormally elevated serum thyroglobulin (sTg) level and confirmed through repeat core biopsy with thyroid-specific immunohistochemistry. This case highlights the limitations of FNA cytology in large thyroid nodules and underscores the potential role of sTg in diagnosing metastatic FTC in certain clinical scenarios. Thyroid carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sacral metastases when the primary tumor is unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":16198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"23247096251336659"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mikayla Myers, Bassel Dakkak, Swapna Sirigireddy, Ibrahim Shanti, Drew Ferguson, Abdelwahap Elghezewi, Mustafa Ben Khayal, Zakaria Alagha, Ahmed Sherif, Eva-Pattont Tackett
{"title":"Follicular Lymphoma of the Gallbladder in an Octogenarian: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Mikayla Myers, Bassel Dakkak, Swapna Sirigireddy, Ibrahim Shanti, Drew Ferguson, Abdelwahap Elghezewi, Mustafa Ben Khayal, Zakaria Alagha, Ahmed Sherif, Eva-Pattont Tackett","doi":"10.1177/23247096251342035","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23247096251342035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary follicular lymphoma (PFL) is an indolent subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that typically involves lymphoid tissues. Gallbladder involvement is exceedingly rare and poses significant diagnostic challenges. Few cases in the literature describe gallbladder follicular lymphoma, particularly in elderly male patients, leaving notable gaps in clinical understanding and management. Herein, we present the case of an 82-year-old male who presented with acute abdominal pain and unintentional weight loss. Initial imaging, including contrast-enhanced computed tomography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging, revealed a suspicious gallbladder mass with wall thickening and regional lymphadenopathy, raising concern for malignancy. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration and subsequent immunophenotyping confirmed a diagnosis of PFL. The patient underwent radical cholecystectomy with lymphadenectomy, and histopathological examination corroborated the diagnosis of gallbladder follicular lymphoma. During follow-up, the patient developed complications, yet no evidence of lymphoma recurrence was observed. A literature review identified 8 similar cases, further emphasizing the rarity of this presentation. Future research should focus on optimizing diagnostic techniques, refining therapeutic strategies, and conducting longer-term follow-up studies to better assess patient outcomes in such a rare disease. This case highlights the need for heightened clinical suspicion and comprehensive evaluation in atypical presentations of extranodal lymphoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":16198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"23247096251342035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144158723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond the Generalized Weakness: A Rare Case of Statin-Induced Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy.","authors":"Leo Sakai, Hana Kazbour, James Huang","doi":"10.1177/23247096251344727","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23247096251344727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Statin-induced immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is a rare subtype of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy associated with statin exposure and characterized by positive anti-hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase antibodies. Here, we describe a case of a 66-year-old male who was admitted with the presumed diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis in the setting of chronic statin use but was later confirmed to have statin-induced IMNM after his symptoms were refractory to treatment. This case highlights the importance of having a high clinical suspicion for statin-induced IMNM when statin-associated muscle symptoms fail to resolve after the discontinuation of statins.</p>","PeriodicalId":16198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"23247096251344727"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Case of Rafiq Syndrome (MAN1B1-CDG) in a Palestinian Child, With Brief Literature Review of 44 Cases.","authors":"Reema Iskafi, Bahaa AbuRahmeh, Roa'a Aljuneidi, Hidaya AlShweiki, Siraj Abdelnabi, Anas Abukhalaf, Bara' Maraqa","doi":"10.1177/23247096251313731","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23247096251313731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rafiq syndrome, MAN1B1-CDG, was described in 2010 and associated with genetic mutation in MAN1B1 gene in 2011. The disorder follows an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance and typically presents with specific facial dysmorphism, intellectual disability, developmental delay, obesity, and hypotonia. The syndrome belongs to a group of metabolic disorders called Congenital Glycosylation Disorders (CGD). In this study, we discuss a 5-year-old male from Palestine who presented with developmental delay, hypotonia, characteristic facial dysmorphisms, impulsive behaviors, inability to speak, cryptorchidism, and other manifestations. This constellation of manifestations raised suspicion of a genetic disorder, prompting whole exome sequencing (WES), which revealed the presence of a homozygous likely pathogenic variant in the MAN1B1 gene (c.1976T>G)(p.Phe659Cys). We also reviewed all previously documented cases and compared the clinical features among them. After reviewing the family pedigree and its suspected cases, we found that the 2 most frequent features among them are intellectual disability and facial dysmorphism, whereas the least frequent one is truncal obesity. We discussed the importance of providing genetic counseling to parents of children with this and other rare, autosomal recessive disorders to prevent new cases from appearing.</p>","PeriodicalId":16198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"23247096251313731"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dilara Hatipoglu, Arsia Jamali, Emily Sheng, K Rajender Reddy
{"title":"Rapid Onset Liver Injury Due to Azacitidine Through Possibly a Unique Mechanism of Hypoperfusion of the Liver.","authors":"Dilara Hatipoglu, Arsia Jamali, Emily Sheng, K Rajender Reddy","doi":"10.1177/23247096251344720","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23247096251344720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Azacitidine and venetoclax are important anti-neoplastic agents used in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Azacitidine has been implicated to cause nonhepatic ischemic injury. Here we report a case of severe, short latency drug-induced liver injury following the infusion of azacitidine and venetoclax in a patient which was subsequently mitigated through pretreatment with a vasodilatory agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":16198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"23247096251344720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12099081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Aldolly, Saja Karaja, Hazem Arab, Yousef Alsaffaf, Saleh Takkem
{"title":"Asymptomatic Isolated Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries in a 25-Year-Old Male: A Case Report.","authors":"Ahmed Aldolly, Saja Karaja, Hazem Arab, Yousef Alsaffaf, Saleh Takkem","doi":"10.1177/23247096251331840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23247096251331840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) is a complex cardiac abnormality that represents less than 1% of all congenital heart defects. It is characterized by a unique pathophysiology involving both atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance and may occur with or without cardiac abnormalities such as ventricular septal defects, pulmonary stenosis, or tricuspid valve anomalies. A man in his 20s presented with a 3-week history of mild dyspnea during strenuous activities. The patient was diagnosed with isolated ccTGA based on electrocardiogram and echocardiogram findings. However, as a long-term complication of ccTGA, the patient exhibited mild tricuspid regurgitation, mild mitral regurgitation, and right ventricular hypertrophy. The dyspnea was explained by the failing systemic right ventricle. Despite his cardiac anomaly, the patient leads a normal lifestyle, with ongoing monitoring to ensure optimal management of his condition. ccTGA is even rarer in the absence of additional cardiac abnormalities, and its diagnosis could be delayed due to being asymptomatic. Patients must avoid risk factors and that could potentially aggravate their condition. Regular surveillance is imperative for the early detection of potential complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":16198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"23247096251331840"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdul Muhsen Abdeen, Jowan Al-Nusair, Malik Samardali, Mohamed Alshal, Amro Al-Astal, Zeid Khitan
{"title":"Complement-Mediated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Due to MCP/CD46 Mutation: A Case Report.","authors":"Abdul Muhsen Abdeen, Jowan Al-Nusair, Malik Samardali, Mohamed Alshal, Amro Al-Astal, Zeid Khitan","doi":"10.1177/23247096251316364","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23247096251316364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a severe condition characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and end-organ damage, often involving the kidneys. Complement-mediated hemolytic uremic syndrome (cHUS), a rare form of TMA, arises from dysregulated alternative complement pathway activation, frequently due to genetic mutations. We report the case of a 23-year-old male presenting with TMA secondary to a heterozygous mutation in the membrane cofactor protein (MCP/CD46) gene. The patient exhibited severe renal and cardiovascular complications, including acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis, uremic pericarditis, and persistent anemia. Diagnostic evaluation confirmed complement dysregulation, and management with eculizumab, plasmapheresis, and hemodialysis was initiated. Renal biopsy revealed classic TMA features, and genetic testing identified the MCP mutation, underscoring the importance of genetic predispositions in guiding diagnosis and therapy. This case emphasizes the critical role of genetic testing in TMA evaluation and highlights the potential for improved outcomes through targeted complement inhibition and individualized care strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"23247096251316364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sinen Zeleke, Leen Kayali, Ean Bills, Saron Tigabe, Andy White, Victoria Watson, Fuad Zeid, Zakaria Alagha
{"title":"Fatal Pulmonary Failure-A Rare Case of Blastomycosis Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Sinen Zeleke, Leen Kayali, Ean Bills, Saron Tigabe, Andy White, Victoria Watson, Fuad Zeid, Zakaria Alagha","doi":"10.1177/23247096251323074","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23247096251323074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blastomycosis is a systemic fungal infection caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis, primarily found in the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys. It often presents nonspecific symptoms, and while pulmonary involvement is common, progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is rare but severe. This report examines a 55-year-old female patient with multiple comorbidities who developed ARDS due to blastomycosis. Imaging revealed multilobar infiltrates and pleural effusion, with cultures confirming blastomycosis. Despite broad-spectrum antibiotics and antifungal therapy, a delayed diagnosis led to respiratory failure and death. The case emphasizes the diagnostic challenges of blastomycosis, which can mimic conditions like bacterial pneumonia and malignancy. Treatment with amphotericin B is crucial for severe cases, but delays in diagnosis can worsen outcomes. This highlights the necessity for prompt diagnosis and comprehensive management, including early recognition of fungal infections in critically ill patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports","volume":"13 ","pages":"23247096251323074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}