{"title":"Erratum: Ramezanpour S, Vulasala SS, Sharma S, Sharma S. An unusual case of breast cancer masked by hidradenitis suppurative. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2025;15:44.","authors":"","doi":"10.25259/JCIS_43_2025_ER","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/JCIS_43_2025_ER","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.25259/JCIS_43_2025.].</p>","PeriodicalId":15512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Imaging Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147638957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lulu Zhang, Xianghao Feng, He Zhang, Dapeng Zhang, Houliang Zhao, Qihang Sun, Yankai Meng, Cunjie Sun
{"title":"Optimization of image quality and diagnostic accuracy for vascular stenosis in computed tomography perfusion-reconstructed cerebral computed tomography angiography using deep learning reconstruction.","authors":"Lulu Zhang, Xianghao Feng, He Zhang, Dapeng Zhang, Houliang Zhao, Qihang Sun, Yankai Meng, Cunjie Sun","doi":"10.25259/JCIS_226_2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/JCIS_226_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to compare the effects of deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-veo (ASIR-V) algorithms on the image quality of cranial computed tomography angiography (CTA) reconstructed from computed tomography perfusion (CTP) data and to evaluate their agreement with digital subtraction angiography (DSA), the gold standard for diagnosing arterial stenosis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled patients with clinically suspected cerebrovascular disease who had undergone CTP examination. From the arterial peak phase of CTP raw data, four CTA datasets were reconstructed: ASIR-V 40%, ASIR-V 80%, DLIR low setting (DLIR-L), and DLIR high setting (DLIR-H). Regions of interest were placed at the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), basilar artery (BA), and internal carotid artery (ICA) on the healthy side and the temporalis muscle. Computed tomography attenuation values and standard deviations were measured, and the contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were subsequently calculated using the attenuation values and standard deviations. Vessel edge sharpness was objectively assessed using edge rise distance (ERD) and edge rise slope (ERS). Using DSA as the reference standard, diagnostic performance for vascular stenosis was evaluated, and agreement was analyzed with the Kappa test. Two radiologists independently scored subjective image quality using a 5-point Likert scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-five patients were included, 14 of whom additionally underwent DSA. For the MCA, ICA, and BA, image noise in the DLIR-H group was significantly lower than that in the other groups, with statistically significant differences compared with ASIR-V 40% (<i>p</i> < 0.05). For CNR and SNR, DLIR-H and ASIR-V 80% outperformed ASIR-V 40% and DLIR-L across all arterial levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). ERD and ERS were significantly superior in the DLIR groups compared with the ASIR-V groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In subjective evaluations, the DLIR-H group achieved the highest scores across all parameters (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Agreement with DSA was excellent for DLIR-H (κ = 0.819), significantly higher than for ASIR-V (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In CTP examinations for suspected cerebrovascular disease, DLIR-H markedly improves cranial CTA image quality compared with ASIR-V, while achieving higher diagnostic agreement with DSA. DLIR-H can be recommended as the preferred clinical reconstruction method.</p>","PeriodicalId":15512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Imaging Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147638962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Huang, Jonathan Gigas, Anthony Portanova, Deepinder Pal Singh
{"title":"Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the nasopharynx: A case report.","authors":"Daniel Huang, Jonathan Gigas, Anthony Portanova, Deepinder Pal Singh","doi":"10.25259/JCIS_176_2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/JCIS_176_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) is a rare form of plasma cell neoplasm that occurs in the soft tissue without systemic involvement. We report the case of an 81-year-old female patient who presented with intermittent dysphagia and was found to have a right nasopharyngeal mass diagnosed as a plasmacytoma. Diagnostic workup included endoscopy, biopsy, imaging, and laboratory analysis, which ruled out multiple myeloma. The patient underwent definitive radiation therapy, and at evaluation 4 months later, there was no metabolic or endoscopic evidence of any disease, except for minor toxicity limited to nocturnal xerostomia. This case underscores the importance of timely diagnosis and the role of radiotherapy in treating SEP, particularly in uncommon anatomical locations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Imaging Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147638902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revisiting retrosplenial amnesia: Injury of the crus of the fornix following splenial hemorrhage - A 3D magnetic resonance imaging case report.","authors":"Shunji Mugikura, Naoko Mori","doi":"10.25259/JCIS_286_2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/JCIS_286_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lesions involving the region immediately posterior to the splenium of the corpus callosum have traditionally been associated with \"retrosplenial amnesia.\" However, the crus of the fornix (FxCr), which runs immediately beneath the splenium, is anatomically vulnerable to secondary involvement that may be overlooked on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Because the fornix constitutes a critical efferent pathway of the hippocampal Papez circuit, disruption of the FxCr can contribute to amnesia that may resemble the effects of retrosplenial cortical dysfunction. This possibility was raised in the original single-case description of \"retrosplenial amnesia,\" although direct assessment of the fornix was not feasible with the imaging techniques available at that time.\" We report an adult who developed episodic memory impairment following a splenial region hemorrhage with intraventricular extension. Formal neuropsychological assessment demonstrated profound anterograde amnesia with preservation of other cognitive functions, indicating selective impairment of episodic memory. Initial conventional MRI demonstrated that the hemorrhage was confined to the splenium of the corpus callosum, without definite involvement of the retrosplenial cortex. On follow-up imaging, high-resolution 3D T1-weighted MRI with multiplanar reconstruction revealed focal discontinuity of the left FxCr immediately beneath the splenial lesion with chronic encephalomalacia, while the hippocampi and medial temporal structures remained structurally intact. I-123 IMP single photon emission computed tomography showed hypoperfusion in the left hippocampus and the anterior and posterior cingulate gyri, without significant hypoperfusion in the retrosplenial region, consistent with downstream functional disruption of the Papez circuit secondary to FxCr disconnection. These findings provide contemporary structural and functional evidence that injury to the FxCr may represent a critical substrate of amnesia previously attributed primarily to retrosplenial lesions. Routine evaluation of the fornix, particularly the FxCr, should be incorporated into the diagnostic assessment of patients with splenial or retrosplenial pathology accompanied by amnesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":15512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Imaging Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147638950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olivia R Keller, Ashmitha Arun, Avni Sanghvi, Prachi H Telkar, Chetan Chandulal Shah
{"title":"Experience with new technology: Point-of-care magnetic resonance imaging in the neonatal intensive care unit.","authors":"Olivia R Keller, Ashmitha Arun, Avni Sanghvi, Prachi H Telkar, Chetan Chandulal Shah","doi":"10.25259/JCIS_217_2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/JCIS_217_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuroimaging is a crucial component of the management of neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Previously, challenges associated with the transport of neonates to a traditional 1.5-3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine have led to a reliance on ultrasound in the NICU, despite its limitations. Bedside availability of the neonatal MRI system has provided solutions to some of these challenges by decreasing the time of transport, providing continuous monitoring of the neonate, and cable management for lines and leads without an external magnetic field. We present our initial experience with the point-of-care NICU MRI through a clinical case. The point-of-care MRI successfully identified intracranial abnormalities, demonstrating its effectiveness in the NICU.</p>","PeriodicalId":15512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Imaging Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147638900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integration of dual-energy computed tomography and radiomics to improve noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis: A retrospective study.","authors":"Takayuki Miyachi, Shintaro Ichikawa, Tatsunori Kobayashi, Akihiro Osugi, Ren Suzuki, Masatoshi Kakuya, Satoshi Funayama, Yukichi Tanahashi, Kumi Ozaki, Satoshi Goshima","doi":"10.25259/JCIS_255_2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/JCIS_255_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Few studies have used radiomics analysis to virtual monochromatic images (VMI) and material density images (MDI) for the assessment of liver fibrosis. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to investigate whether integrating dual-energy computed tomography (CT) with radiomics analysis can predict Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index risk groups.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 137 patients were classified on the basis of the FIB-4 index: 40 as low-risk (FIB-4 index <1.3), 57 as intermediate-risk (1.3≤ FIB-4 index <2.67), and 40 as high-risk (FIB-4 index ≥2.67) for liver fibrosis. VMIs (70-keV and 40-keV images) and MDI (iodine-water images) were generated from the equilibrium-phase dual-energy CT data, and radiomic features were extracted from the same liver segmentation to develop models for distinguishing between FIB-4 risk groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Distinguishing between low-risk and high-risk groups yielded mean area under the curve (AUC) values (95% confidence intervals) of 0.69 (0.57-0.80) for the 70-keV images, 0.77 (0.67-0.88) for the 40-keV images, and 0.77 (0.66-0.87) for the iodine-water images, with statistically significant differences between the 70-keV images and the 40-keV (<i>P</i> = 0.01) and iodine-water images (<i>P</i> = 0.04). To distinguish between the low-risk and intermediate-risk groups, all image types showed similar AUC values ranging from 0.64 to 0.66, with no significant differences. For distinguishing intermediate-risk and high-risk groups, the 40-keV and iodine-water images showed a trend toward higher AUC values than the 70-keV images; however, no statistically significant differences were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates the feasibility of combining dual-energy CT with radiomics for noninvasive liver fibrosis risk stratification using the FIB-4 index.</p>","PeriodicalId":15512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Imaging Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12954249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147355290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contrast-specific conversion factor for accurate radiation dose estimation in contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography.","authors":"Yoshinori Funama, Daisuke Sakabe, Takeshi Nakaura, Seitaro Oda, Masafumi Kidoh, Yasunori Nagayama, Toshinori Hirai","doi":"10.25259/JCIS_151_2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/JCIS_151_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of the study is to determine the contrast-specific conversion factor (cCF) based on the dose differences between non-enhanced computed tomography (NECT) and contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) in abdominal imaging, with the aim of improving the accuracy of radiation dose estimation in contrast-enhanced examinations.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 33 adult patients who underwent both NECT and CECT. CECT image acquisition commenced 80 s after the start of iodinated contrast medium injection. A Monte Carlo simulation tool was used to estimate the radiation dose delivered to each patient during NECT and CECT. Organ doses for the liver, spleen, and both kidneys were measured using 120-kVp images. The cCF was calculated as the ratio of the organ dose in CECT to that in NECT. The cCF values are dependent on the scan protocol-, CT vendor-, and X-ray photon energy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean organ doses during NECT were 10.45 mGy for the liver, 11.19 mGy for the spleen, and 11.47 mGy for both kidneys. During CECT, these values increased to 15.83 mGy, 17.56 mGy, and 20.75 mGy, respectively. The mean cCFs of CECT relative to NECT were 1.52 for the liver, 1.83 for the spleen, and 1.87 for both kidneys.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Applying the cCF to NECT-based dose estimates enables more accurate assessment of radiation exposure in CECT examinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Imaging Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12954228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147355265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiwen Liao, Yifan Tian, Yaning Cheng, Xiaomeng Sun, Yan Li, Zhe Zhao, Chen Yao, Di Chen
{"title":"Evaluating the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence-assisted decision-making software for pulmonary nodules in a resource-limited setting.","authors":"Xiwen Liao, Yifan Tian, Yaning Cheng, Xiaomeng Sun, Yan Li, Zhe Zhao, Chen Yao, Di Chen","doi":"10.25259/JCIS_212_2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/JCIS_212_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Emerging evidence suggested that artificial intelligence (AI) may offer particular benefits in resource-limited clinical settings with high patient loads and constrained radiology expertise. The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an AI-assisted decision-making software (DMS) for pulmonary nodules detected on computed tomography (CT) among physicians in a resource-limited clinical setting.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this retrospective multi-reader, multi-case study, three pulmonologists and three radiologists from a secondary hospital independently assessed 200 enriched chest CT scans with and without AI-assisted DMS. The dataset was balanced with 100 benign and 100 malignant nodules to provide a consistent challenge for both physicians and the AI system. Diagnostic performance was measured by comparing the average area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) with and without AI support. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated at the 5% and 65% malignancy thresholds, and inter-reader agreement on disease management plans was examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AI-assisted DMS significantly improved readers' diagnostic performance, with the average AUC increasing from 0.78 to 0.89 (mean difference: 0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08, 0.14). Improvements were consistent across readers' experience levels and specialties. Sensitivity at the 5% malignancy threshold reached 97.3% (95% CI: 95.1%, 99.6%) with AI assistance, while specificity improved by 18.5% (95% CI: 6.5%, 30.5%). At the 65% threshold, sensitivity and specificity increased by 21.2% and 7.8%, respectively. In addition, the overall inter-reader agreement enhanced from 0.19 to 0.40 (<i>p</i> < 0.01), although agreement on non-surgical diagnostic procedures remained relatively lower compared to other categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI-assisted DMS showed great potential in improving diagnostic performance for CT pulmonary nodule management in the resource-limited setting. Strengthening referral pathways for intermediate-risk cases might further support appropriate clinical decision-making and help align patient evaluation with available expertise. Continued prospective real-world studies with longitudinal follow-up and histopathological confirmation would contribute to expanding the evidence base and guiding its broader integration into routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":15512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Imaging Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12954265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147355252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ka Luen Hui, Wai Lam Wong, Ka Man Chu, Fong Ying Wan, Lok Yee Lam
{"title":"Papillary lesions of breast on core-needle biopsy: Factors associated with malignant upgrade on surgical excision.","authors":"Ka Luen Hui, Wai Lam Wong, Ka Man Chu, Fong Ying Wan, Lok Yee Lam","doi":"10.25259/JCIS_188_2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/JCIS_188_2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Papillary lesions (PLs) of the breast diagnosed on core-needle biopsy (CNB) pose a management dilemma due to their variable upgrade rates to malignancy. This study aims to identify predictors of malignant upgrade, facilitating risk stratification that may spare low-risk patients from unnecessary open surgery.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 219 CNB-diagnosed PLs in 172 female patients at a tertiary center from 2008 to 2022. Clinical parameters (age at diagnosis, single duct bloody nipple discharge, mastalgia), sonographic findings (multifocality, size, location, intraductal lesion, intralesional vascularity, margin, posterior features) and histopathologic findings (atypia) were analyzed with Fisher's exact test and multivariate logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall upgrade rate to malignancy was 8.2% (18/219). Four independent predictors of upgrade were identified: lesion size ≥1 cm (Odds ratio [OR] 3.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-12.3; <i>p</i> = 0.045), intralesional vascularity (OR 7.0, 95% CI 2.2-22.5; <i>p</i> = 0.001), non-circumscribed margins (OR 6.4, 95% CI 1.5-27.7; <i>p</i> = 0.013), and atypia (OR 6.6, 95% CI 1.9-23.2; <i>p</i> = 0.003). Subcentimeter circumscribed lesions without atypia and vascularity had a 3.4% upgrade rate (3/88) and 96.6% negative predictive value.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lesion size ≥1 cm, presence of intralesional vascularity, non-circumscribed margins, and atypia on CNB specimens are significant predictors of malignant upgrade in patients with PLs on CNB. Low-risk lesions (subcentimeter circumscribed lesions without vascularity and atypia) may be managed with minimally invasive approaches (e.g., vacuum-assisted excision) given their low upgrade rate (3.4%) and high negative predictive value (96.6%), while high-risk lesions (particularly those with atypia) warrant surgical excision.</p>","PeriodicalId":15512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Imaging Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12954240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147355227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}