International Journal of Laboratory Hematology最新文献

{"title":"An Abnormal Scattergram of Peripheral Blood Leukocytes Indicative of the Presence of Monoclonal IgM Immunoglobulins","authors":"Michela Pelloso, Paola Galozzi, Francesca Tosato, Paolo Zaupa, Sara Altinier, Giulia Musso, Daniela Basso, Martina Montagnana","doi":"10.1111/ijlh.14463","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijlh.14463","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14120,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Laboratory Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"567-569"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese Patients With BCR::ABL1-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Immunophenotype of Myeloid Monocytes","authors":"Fengting Liang,&nbsp;Yangyang Zou,&nbsp;Liangmei Huang,&nbsp;Dongxiao Pang,&nbsp; JinbaoPang,&nbsp;Xuelan Liang","doi":"10.1111/ijlh.14461","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijlh.14461","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The main terms for typical BCR::ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia vera (PV), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Monocytes in MPN patients are involved in their inflammation and form an important part of the pathophysiology of MPN patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used flow cytometry to study the immunophenotype of bone marrow monocytes from MPN patients (<i>N</i> = 118) and to correlate it with clinical parameters (including genetics, pathology, blood counts, personal information).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that bone marrow monocyte cells from MPN patients expressed the inflammation-related marker CD16 at higher levels than healthy controls. Second, bone marrow monocytes from Overt-PMF patients expressed CD11b at higher levels than monocytes from ET patients. Finally, certain specific monocyte subpopulations in MPN patients correlated with their clinical parameters. For example, in patients with ET and PMF, CD64+ monocytes were positively correlated with WBC and LDH. In PMF patients, the proportion of bone marrow monocytes was positively correlated with the grade of myelofibrosis, and CD15+ monocytes positively correlated with WBC and IPSS scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results provide insights into the immune microenvironment of MPNs based on immunophenotypic features and provide potential immune markers for MPNs occurrence and development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14120,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Laboratory Hematology","volume":"47 4","pages":"698-706"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cold Stored Platelets: A Solution for Platelet Aggregation External Quality Assessment/Proficiency Testing","authors":"Christopher Reilly-Stitt,&nbsp;Ian Jennings,&nbsp;Steve Kitchen,&nbsp;Michael Cahillane,&nbsp;Christine Saunders,&nbsp;Chloe George,&nbsp;Tom Scorer,&nbsp;Isobel D. Walker","doi":"10.1111/ijlh.14445","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijlh.14445","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To achieve accreditation for ISO 15189, laboratories are required to either participate in EQA exercises or intra-laboratory comparisons to meet the standard. Light transmission aggregometry performed by laboratory scientists for the clinical investigation of possible platelet function defects is time dependent. Current EQA available audits the interpretation of platelet aggregation traces.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Could NEQAS BC provide external quality assessment (EQA) material to centres employing Light Transmission Aggregometry LTA for clinical investigation of platelet function? The use of fresh donor platelets could audit more of the analytical and post analytical aspects of light transmission aggregation than currently available.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A pool of donor platelets was split into aliquots that were distributed to testing centres across England, Scotland and Wales for testing within a 72 h window. Participating centres employed their locally validated testing methods for LTA assays, for agonists including ADP; Arachidonic acid; Collagen; Epinephrine; Ristocetin; TRAP and U46619.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five different aggregation platforms were used including: Chronolog 700; Helena Aggram; PAP-8; Stago TA-8V and Sysmex CN-series. Sample packs were tested through the 72 h window with most sites performing LTA on the EQA material on day one of the three.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The % consensus of interpretations provided by participants for agonists including: ADP; Arachidonic acid; Collagen; Epinephrine and Ristocetin ranged from 94% to 100% indicating that the material is stable plus centres using different aggregometers returned the same clinical interpretations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14120,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Laboratory Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"529-535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical Validation of the High Concentrated Thrombin Time-To-Reptilase Time Ratio: A Proposed Assay for Monitoring Unfractionated Heparin in Patients With Low Fibrinogen Levels","authors":"Pornnapa Police,&nbsp;Phichchapha Noikongdee,&nbsp;Tichayapa Phojanasenee,&nbsp;Wittawat Chantkran,&nbsp;Dollapak Apipongrat","doi":"10.1111/ijlh.14459","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijlh.14459","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of the high-concentrated thrombin time-to-reptilase time (hcTT/RT) ratio as a novel assay to neutralize fibrinogen effects and improve accuracy in unfractionated heparin (UFH) monitoring and to validate its use in clinical samples with low fibrinogen levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 240 heparin-spiked plasma samples, prepared from 30 normal plasma samples with varying UFH concentrations, were analyzed. The hcTT/RT ratio's correlation with anti-FXa activity and its sensitivity and specificity were compared with the hcTT assay. Additionally, 89 clinical samples from UFH-treated patients with low fibrinogen levels were analyzed to validate the assay in clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both hcTT and the hcTT/RT ratio demonstrated strong correlations with anti-FXa activity (<i>R</i>² = 0.76 and 0.75, respectively). The hcTT/RT ratio outperformed hcTT in detecting subtherapeutic UFH levels, achieving higher diagnostic accuracy (AUC: 0.99 vs. 0.98, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), greater sensitivity (89.2% vs. 86.7%), and perfect specificity (100.0% vs. 98.3%), with comparable performance for supratherapeutic UFH levels. Notably, the hcTT/RT ratio remained unaffected by low fibrinogen concentrations. In the validation study, the hcTT/RT ratio showed a stronger correlation with anti-FXa activity than activated partial thromboplastin time and hcTT alone (<i>R</i>² = 0.72 vs. 0.63 and 0.72 vs. 0.67, respectively) and had no significant correlation with fibrinogen levels (Spearman's <i>r</i> = −0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The hcTT/RT ratio is a reliable assay for monitoring UFH, especially in patients with low fibrinogen levels. Further large-scale clinical studies are needed to evaluate its practical application in clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14120,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Laboratory Hematology","volume":"47 4","pages":"738-747"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ITGAM Upregulation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Leads to Poor Prognosis Associated With Infiltration of Inhibitory Innate Immune Cells","authors":"Chen-Chen Qin,&nbsp;Xiu-Zhen Tong,&nbsp;Chang Su,&nbsp;Zhen-Hai Zhou,&nbsp;Dong Zheng","doi":"10.1111/ijlh.14444","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijlh.14444","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a prevalent and potentially fatal hematologic malignancy with limited improvements in survival rates over the past few decades. ITGAM, encoding CD11b, is a significant integrin component in leukocytes, involved in various biological processes. However, its role in AML prognosis and immune cell infiltration remains poorly understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the prognostic significance and potential function of ITGAM in AML using comprehensive bioinformatic analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ITGAM expression was markedly upregulated in AML patients, correlating with advanced age (&gt; 60 years), French-American-British (FAB) classification subtypes M4 and M5, and intermediate or poor cytogenetic risk. Gene enrichment analysis revealed that ITGAM was involved in immune system regulation and was positively associated with the infiltration of neutrophils, immature dendritic cells, and macrophages in AML. Notably, the expression of ITGAM was linked to increased infiltration of immunosuppressive subsets of these innate immune cells, which may partially explain its association with a poorer prognosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest that ITGAM could serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker in AML, reflecting an adverse prognosis associated with enhanced infiltration of immunosuppressive innate immune cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14120,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Laboratory Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"481-490"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Use of Available Resources for Diagnosing Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in an HIV-Prevalent Setting","authors":"Gaone Abigail Moalosi,&nbsp;Jenifer Vaughan,&nbsp;Elise Schapkaitz","doi":"10.1111/ijlh.14453","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijlh.14453","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Limited availability of diagnostic tests in low-resource settings hampers the diagnosis and classification of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A study was performed to assess the use of resources for classifying DLBCL in South Africa (SA) using ‘essential’ and ‘desirable’ investigations as per published guidelines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A record review was performed of 74 patients newly diagnosed with DLBCL by tissue biopsy at the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) in Johannesburg between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2022. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or molecular work-up performed for the primary diagnosis of DLBCL and the associated costs were recorded.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary diagnosis of DLBCL was based on 34 (45.9%) nodal and 40 (54.1%) extra-nodal biopsy sections. Overall, 60 (81.1%) were from participants living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. ‘Essential’ IHC for CD3, CD10, CD20, Ki-67, BCL-2, BCL-6, MUM-1 and ‘desirable’ fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) for <i>MYC</i> gene rearrangement were most requested for diagnosis. ‘Essential’ IHC for c-MYC was not performed because of non-availability of the testing. The ‘essential’ IHC was diagnostic in 97.3%. ‘Desirable’ FISH for <i>MYC</i> rearrangement was done in 56 (79.7%) cases, with additional FISH for <i>BCL2</i> and <i>BCL6</i> rearrangement performed in cases positive for <i>MYC</i> rearrangement. The average cost of diagnosis at the NHLS was half that of the recommended diagnostic testing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The advocated ‘essential’ investigations, in addition to ‘desirable’ tests where necessary, enabled the accurate and cost-effective diagnosis of DLBCL in SA and are recommended for other parts of the world with limited resources.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14120,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Laboratory Hematology","volume":"47 4","pages":"660-668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Diagnostic Performance of a Sysmex XN-31 Automated Malaria Analyzer vs. Expert Microscopy","authors":"S. Onsongo,&nbsp;K. Otieno,&nbsp;L. Mathenge,&nbsp;E. Makotsi,&nbsp;G. Kariuki,&nbsp;V. Ngetich,&nbsp;G. Muriithi,&nbsp;A. T. Harrison,&nbsp;T. Odawo,&nbsp;S. Kariuki","doi":"10.1111/ijlh.14456","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijlh.14456","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Malaria is a common and life-threatening infection. Malaria diagnosis needs to be fast and reliable. Although malaria microscopy is currently the gold standard, it is laborious, requires extensive training, and relies heavily on the proficiency of microscopists. Though malaria rapid tests are widely used, they show poor sensitivity at low parasitemia levels, are affected by gene deletions, and offer only qualitative results. There is a need to explore new techniques for the diagnosis of malaria.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methodology&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A single-center, cross-sectional study evaluated the diagnostic performance of the Sysmex XN-31 automated analyzer for detecting malaria parasites compared to expert microscopy. The primary objective was to assess the XN-31's sensitivity, specificity, and ability to quantify malaria parasites relative to microscopy, the current gold standard. Blood samples from 310 adult patients undergoing routine malaria testing in a hospital setting were used. This included 118 confirmed malaria-positive cases. The Sysmex XN-31 results were compared to blinded expert microscopy on the same samples. Dried blood spot samples were collected for any discrepancies and resolved using molecular testing.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study analyzed 310 patient samples for malaria using both microscopy and the XN-31 analyzer. Microscopy identified 122 positive samples (39%), with &lt;i&gt;P. falciparum&lt;/i&gt; being the most prevalent species. Expert malaria microscopy demonstrated a sensitivity of 97.6% and a specificity of 100%. The XN-31 analyzer showed a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 99.46%. In malaria speciation, the XN-31 correctly flagged &lt;i&gt;P. falciparum&lt;/i&gt; in 116 out of 117 cases (99.1%) among 125 positive cases. Additionally, five nonfalciparum malaria cases (&lt;i&gt;Plasmodium malariae&lt;/i&gt;—four cases and &lt;i&gt;Plasmodium ovale&lt;/i&gt;—one case) were accurately flagged as ‘Malaria (Others).’ However, five &lt;i&gt;P. falciparum&lt;/i&gt; cases were incorrectly flagged as ‘Malaria (Others),’ highlighting limitations in malaria speciation by the analyzer. Statistical analysis revealed a strong correlation (Spearman coefficient of 0.8) between the parasite density measured via microscopy and the XN-31. Passing–Bablok regression indicated a strong linear relationship between these two methods.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The Sysmex XN-31 analyzer provides a quick and accurate method for the diagnosis of malaria. It detects, quantifies, and speciates plasmodium inf","PeriodicalId":14120,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Laboratory Hematology","volume":"47 4","pages":"613-621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijlh.14456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Von Willebrand Factor Multimer Image Analysis for Improved Diagnosis and Classification of Von Willebrand Disease","authors":"Karthik Anand,&nbsp;Vincent Olteanu,&nbsp;Chi Zhang,&nbsp;Katelynn Nelton,&nbsp;Erin Aakre,&nbsp;Juliana Perez Botero,&nbsp;Rajiv Pruthi,&nbsp;Dong Chen,&nbsp;Jansen N. Seheult","doi":"10.1111/ijlh.14455","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijlh.14455","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimer analysis is essential for diagnosing and classifying von Willebrand disease (VWD) but requires expert interpretation and is subject to inter-rater variability. We developed an automated image analysis pipeline using deep learning to improve the reproducibility and efficiency of VWF multimer pattern classification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We trained a YOLOv8 deep learning model on 514 gel images (6168 labeled instances) to classify VWF multimer patterns into 12 classes. The model was validated on 192 images (2304 instances) and tested on an independent set of 94 images (1128 instances). Images underwent preprocessing, including histogram equalization, contrast enhancement, and gamma correction. Two expert raters provided ground truth classifications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The model achieved 91% accuracy compared to Expert 1 (macro-averaged precision = 0.851, recall = 0.757, F1-score = 0.786) and 87% accuracy compared to Expert 2 (macro-averaged precision = 0.653, recall = 0.653, F1-score = 0.641). Inter-rater agreement was very high between experts (<i>κ</i> = 0.883), with strong agreement between the model and Expert 1 (<i>κ</i> = 0.845) and good agreement with Expert 2 (<i>κ</i> = 0.773). The model performed exceptionally well on common patterns (F1 &gt; 0.93) but showed lower performance on rare subtypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Automated VWF multimer analysis using deep learning demonstrates high accuracy in pattern classification and could standardize the interpretation of VWF multimer patterns. While not replacing expert analysis, this approach could improve the efficiency of expert human review, potentially streamlining laboratory workflow and expanding access to VWF multimer testing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14120,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Laboratory Hematology","volume":"47 4","pages":"730-737"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid Biopsy for Enhanced Specificity in Identifying Somatic Mutations in Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Comparative Study of Cell-Free DNA and Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue","authors":"Gayaththri Vimalathas,&nbsp;Oriane Cédile,&nbsp;Marie Louise Grube Kjeldsen,&nbsp;Mads Thomassen,&nbsp;Michael Boe Møller,&nbsp;Charlotte Guldborg Nyvold,&nbsp;Marcus Høy Hansen,&nbsp;Thomas Stauffer Larsen","doi":"10.1111/ijlh.14454","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijlh.14454","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor biopsy is the current mainstay of genotyping, but is limited by its invasiveness and tumor heterogeneity. Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) constitutes a minimally invasive alternative that may better capture tumor-derived profiles from circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). This study compares the performance and genomic concordance of cfDNA and FFPE tumor DNA in aggressive non-Hodgkin large B-cell lymphoma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Paired diagnostic FFPE tissue and plasma samples from 15 patients were sequenced with a custom 53-gene panel.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Detection thresholds were empirically guided at 1% variant allele frequency (VAF) for cfDNA and 10% for unpaired FFPE DNA. The median number of cfDNA variants was 6 (interquartile range (IQR): 2–11) versus 63 (IQR: 15–250) in FFPE DNA at 1% VAF. Collectively, 102 somatic variants were shared between cfDNA and FFPE DNA with a median of 5 (range: 0–23). cfDNA showed a five-fold lower median VAF for shared variants than FFPE DNA (7% vs. 36%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Eighty percent of patients harbored at least one cfDNA variant. A maximum cfDNA recall rate of 83% was observed at FFPE DNA VAF &gt; 50%. COSMIC database overlap was twice as high for cfDNA compared to FFPE DNA (22% vs. 11%) at 10% VAF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>cfDNA has superior specificity for somatic mutation detection but lower sensitivity than FFPE DNA. Modest concordance was demonstrated between the two compartments. Our results support a complementary role of ctDNA in mutational profiling at a 1% VAF threshold in a pragmatic and clinically applicable setup.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14120,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Laboratory Hematology","volume":"47 4","pages":"669-679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijlh.14454","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How I Investigate Measurable Residual Disease in B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia After Therapy With Bi-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies and 19CAR-T Cells","authors":"Maura Rosane Valerio Ikoma-Colturato,&nbsp;Felipe Magalhães Furtado,&nbsp;Elen de Oliveira,&nbsp;Fabiola Gevert,&nbsp;Roberia Mendonça,&nbsp;The Brazilian Society of Bone Marrow and Cell Therapy (SBTMO) MRD Working Group","doi":"10.1111/ijlh.14448","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijlh.14448","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Measurable residual disease (MRD) in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) following anti-CD19 targeted therapies requires specific strategies to identify residual blast cells due to loss or reduced CD19 expression that makes it inconsistent as a primitive marker for B-cell gating.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to the increased access of BCP-ALL patients to therapies with CD3/CD19 bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTe) and CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-Cell (CAR-T), it is essential that flow cytometry laboratories are prepared to evaluate therapeutic responses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, validated strategies for MRD detection in the context of anti-CD19 therapies are described, accessible to flow cytometry laboratories according to their different facilities. The paper includes an 8-color flow cytometry (FC) strategy for BCP-ALL MRD based on alternative gating without the use of additional markers (Euroflow protocol), as well as other strategies using alternative markers to CD19, comprising 2 protocols using 8 colors, one using 10 colors and another 14 colors/15 markers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Different strategies are needed to detect MRD without using CD19 for B-cell population gating after CD19-targeted therapies. However, it is essential that validated protocols are used according to the available resources to ensure reliable results for clinical decision-making.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14120,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Laboratory Hematology","volume":"47 3","pages":"398-406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijlh.14448","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}