International journal of disaster risk reduction最新文献

{"title":"Data Disaster – A new threat for sovereignty","authors":"Tomer Simon ,&nbsp;Ben Haklai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 2022 ransomware attacks on Costa Rica had a profound impact on the functioning of its government. From compromised ministries and economic setbacks to a healthcare crisis and the declaration of a state of emergency, the government faced multifaceted challenges. During the last 20 years governments around the world have started to deliver more and more services digitally using the internet and various digital platforms. When considered in tandem with the frequent occurrence of destructive cyber incidents that have caused crippling affect to various public sector organizations, and which increasingly target critical infrastructures and key state resources, an unsettling reality is revealed, one in which nations are becoming extremely vulnerable to hostile cyber incidents and attacks. In this article we introduce and coin a new type of disaster definition, a “data disaster”. A data disaster is the result of a cyber-attack affecting national-level data that can lead to a market failure, the ruling government inability to rule or govern, compromised national sovereignty, and even to social or civil unrest. In this paper we refer to such a situation as ‘Denial-of-Governance’. Given the potential impact of a Data Disaster on a nation's security, stability, and sovereignty, we argue that such a potential event requires a specific and comprehensive legal and institutional framework that would enable and empower the state and its relevant actors to deal with such events effectively and efficiently. We also suggest some possible elements of such a framework, such as clear definitions, criteria, and processes for declaring, managing, and terminating a Data Disaster.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 105538"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ontological framework for horizon scanning of business continuity of essential services","authors":"Oussema Ben Amara ,&nbsp;Antonio De Nicola ,&nbsp;Daouda Kamissoko ,&nbsp;Frédérick Bénaben ,&nbsp;Ygal Fijalkow","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Keeping up essential operations in the face of more complicated disruptions from crises that impact essential services such as healthcare, public transit, and government operations is a major challenge for business continuity (BC) research. Taking up this issue in the midst of increased academic discussion emphasizes how urgent it is to create a thorough reference on BC principles. This paper uses a recently developed BC ontological framework to give a comprehensive review of the literature focused on BC research. The report summarizes a comprehensive investigation of important BC aspects, including technological aspects and the urgent difficulties in maintaining BC sustainability. Through the integration of many viewpoints, this study advances a unified awareness of BC dynamics, promoting a general understanding that is necessary for risk management which is both efficient and lasting for organizations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 105526"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“If we didn't have anything, not even pots to cook, how do we help each other”: A qualitative analysis of social capital networks and household food access post-cyclone Idai in Beira, Mozambique","authors":"N.E. Sunu,&nbsp;C. McCordic,&nbsp;B. Frayne","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105549","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 105549"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mechanics-based procedure for the structural assessment of infilled RC buildings under overpressures generated by pyroclastic density currents","authors":"M. Gaetani d’Aragona,&nbsp;M. Polese,&nbsp;G.M. Verderame","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recent seismic activity of the Phlegrean Fields has drawn attention to the potential impact of volcanic eruptions in densely urbanized areas. Among the volcanic processes, the formation of pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) poses a significant threat to residential buildings because of the large dynamic overpressures generated during the explosion. This study introduces a simple mechanics-based method, called STAM-PYR (STructural Assessment Method for PYRoclastic density currents), for the structural assessment of infilled reinforced concrete buildings subjected to PDCs. The STAM-PYR method allows to predict damage evolution as a function of dynamic overpressure intensity, accounting for the contribution of both structural and nonstructural components as well as typical failure modes that can develop in existing RC buildings. Furthermore, it accounts for the variation in the overpressure profile by dynamically updating the load distribution depending on the progressive failure of infill panels and closures. A suitable damage scale is also introduced to facilitate future multi-risk comparisons. The method is exemplified via application to a case study of a typical 1970s RC building, comparing the results to existing literature to demonstrate the enhanced accuracy of the proposed approach in capturing the complex interactions between PDC loadings and building response. STAM-PYR offers a practical and scalable tool to support probabilistic volcanic risk modeling, vulnerability mapping, and emergency planning, especially in urban areas at high risk of explosive eruptions. By enabling a more accurate quantification of structural vulnerability to PDCs, the methodology enhances current capabilities in disaster mitigation, crisis management, and long-term risk-informed land-use strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 105546"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the socio-economic and wellbeing impacts of the 2023 earthquakes in Turkey on Syrian refugees","authors":"Abir Nasır ,&nbsp;Ghada Alymany ,&nbsp;Fatima Brimo ,&nbsp;Selin Tekin ,&nbsp;John Drury","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On February 6, 2023, a significant earthquake struck Turkey, disproportionately impacting Syrian refugees already struggling with the lingering effects of war. This study aims to understand the specific impacts of the earthquake on Syrian refugees by addressing four key topics: 1) the effects of the earthquake on their living conditions; 2) impacts on their sense of community belonging; 3) well-being impacts reported post-earthquake; and 4) beneficial support strategies identified by the refugees. Through individual interviews with 36 participants and subsequent thematic analysis, we found that Syrian refugees reported trauma akin to their wartime experiences, marked by significant economic, psychological, and social challenges. Economic impacts included job and housing loss, poverty, and debt, while psychological impacts involved stress and trauma. Socially, refugees faced family and community disruptions, educational interruptions, isolation, and withdrawal from social relationships. Despite these hardships, community solidarity was temporarily strengthened as refugees supported each other during the crisis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 105548"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive geospatial approaches to delineate near real-time (NRT) flood inundation and damage assessment of Tripura, India","authors":"Toushif Jaman ,&nbsp;Shashank Bhaskar ,&nbsp;Suraj Kumar Swain ,&nbsp;Prakash Biswakarma ,&nbsp;Rekha Bharali Gogoi ,&nbsp;Jenita Mary Nongkynrih ,&nbsp;K.K. Sarma ,&nbsp;S.P. Aggarwal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Floods are among the most devastating hydro-meteorological hazards, leaving behind a trail of destruction to life, property, agriculture, and infrastructure. In northeastern India, Tripura stands resilient yet vulnerable to the onslaught of monsoon-driven floods, shaped by its hilly terrain and heavy rainfall. This study embarks on a mission to assess flood inundation mapping and the impact on agricultural and built-up areas in four districts: Gomati, Sipahijala, South Tripura, and West Tripura, during the severe monsoon floods of August 2024. Harnessing the power of Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and EOS 04 MSR SAR data, this study unveil near real-time insights into the flood's extent and effects. By utilizing Google Earth Engine (GEE) and SigmaSAR V3.1, satellite datasets have been processed and analyzed in a very short time. The integration of SAR imagery with Random Forest land use and land cover (LULC) classification techniques proves invaluable for mapping flood inundation and assessing damage. The results reveal that out of 85021.46 ha (ha) of agricultural land, 10,510.32 ha were inundated, with Gomati and West Tripura facing the greatest challenges, where 13 % of the total farmland was flooded. In the realm of built-up areas, 928.72 ha of the total 75180.26 ha were affected, with Gomati District experiencing the most significant inundation, marking 1.5 % of its built-up regions flooded. These findings serve as a strong impetus for enhanced flood management strategies, igniting the need for improved early warning systems and innovative urban planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 105547"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The issue of overload: A mixed methods analysis of activity-related stress and the use of mental health and psychosocial support by spontaneous volunteers during the 2021 flood in Germany","authors":"Francesca Müller ,&nbsp;Marina Bier ,&nbsp;Samuel Tomczyk ,&nbsp;Anke Kahl ,&nbsp;Frank Fiedrich","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the 2021 flood in Germany, approximately 100,000 spontaneous volunteers (SVs) participated in response and recovery efforts. Due to the disaster's magnitude, these volunteers faced various stressors. This study examines the psychosocial stress factors and resources of SVs, as well as their utilization of mental health and psychosocial support services (MHPSS), through qualitative interviews with SV coordinators (N = 18, 38.9 % female) and a quantitative web survey of SVs (N = 712, 61.7 % female; 45.9 years). SVs' stress was primarily linked to working conditions (e.g., long hours, task overload) and organizational aspects (e.g., unclear responsibilities, communication), alongside task-specific exposure such as encounters with severely injured individuals. These challenges were particularly pronounced among SVs without institutional affiliation (e.g., Red Cross). Only a minority actively sought external help (MHPSS), while most relied on social support, discussions with fellow SVs, and the meaningfulness of their work for coping. On an organizational level, MHPSS availability and working conditions varied widely, as they largely developed independently of authorities and emergency personnel (AEP). Altruistic motivation, well-planned coordination, and individuals with relevant knowledge, particularly regarding AEP, were identified as crucial resources for managing stress and mitigating risk factors. Findings suggest that SVs require better preparation and support for psychosocial stress management, with SV coordinators playing a key role in implementing qualified MHPSS during and after disasters. To effectively address SVs' needs, a transformation in the design and delivery of MHPSS may be necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 105534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing understanding of vulnerability and resilience to flash floods through comparative analysis of multidimensional indices","authors":"Estefanía Aroca-Jiménez ,&nbsp;Susan L. Cutter ,&nbsp;José María Bodoque ,&nbsp;Juan Antonio García","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the relationship between vulnerability and resilience concerning flash flood risk in Castilla y León, Spain. It compares vulnerability and resilience indices and examines their relationships with variables related to flash flood risk. It also discusses improving assessments through a multidimensional approach, which includes social, economic, ecosystemic, physical, institutional, and cultural dimensions. Our approach uses statistical and spatial techniques, including Spearman correlations, bivariate choropleth maps, and regression models. Results show that vulnerability and resilience are related but distinct concepts. The correlation between their indices is weak (r = 0.06), but there are significant correlations between specific elements. For instance, the resilience index and the exposure component of the vulnerability correlate significantly (r = 0.40). Spatial regressions show a local R² value of 0.74 between the resilience index and vulnerability dimensions. Some elements of vulnerability are also significantly correlated to certain variables related to flash flood risk. These are mostly the exposure component (r = 0.59 for the population at risk) and the institutional dimension (r = −0.48 for the total flood indemnities provided by the insurance company). With a local R² of 0.85, the vulnerability and resilience indices show significant spatial regression with the critical infrastructure at risk. These results highlight the need for improved assessments of resilience and vulnerability especially adapted for local contexts. This emphasizes the need of a multidimensional approach combining theoretical frameworks with practical applications to guide future research initiatives and inform policymakers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 105540"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-disaster housing and social considerations","authors":"Ilias Gkoumas ,&nbsp;Theodora Mavridou ,&nbsp;Valentine Seymour ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Nanos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing frequency and severity of natural disasters underscore the urgent need for effective post-disaster housing solutions that address both physical reconstruction and the social well-being of affected communities. This literature review examines the complex relationship between post-disaster housing and the factors influencing recovery. Through a semi-systematic literature review, five essential factors— namely time, location, local resources, safety, and quality—are identified as critical to social outcomes. The findings indicate that these factors influence social outcomes, demonstrating that both relief and resilience must be considered in housing delivery. Addressing economic, social, and environmental needs is essential to ensure community stability and adaptation. The review underscores the importance of integrating these factors into social assessment frameworks, enabling policymakers, architects, and humanitarian organizations to make informed decisions that enhance recovery efforts. A flexible design can be instrumental in addressing the psychological and physical challenges of affected populations and should be incorporated into organizational policies. Open-access literature bases were utilized to identify the initial social considerations in post-disaster housing solutions. Subsequent research should include the other types of publication (e.g., grey literature, subscription only) for a more holistic view of the topic. The insights gained can serve as a foundation for future research and the development of innovative, socially responsive housing solutions in disaster-prone regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 105537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Threat-agnostic resilience: Framing and applications","authors":"Benjamin D. Trump ,&nbsp;Stergios-Aristoteles Mitoulis ,&nbsp;Sotirios Argyroudis ,&nbsp;Gregory Kiker ,&nbsp;José Palma-Oliveira ,&nbsp;Robert Horton ,&nbsp;Gianluca Pescaroli ,&nbsp;Elizaveta Pinigina ,&nbsp;Joshua Trump ,&nbsp;Igor Linkov","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Critical infrastructure is not indestructible. Interdependencies between infrastructure systems and the environment compound consequences at vulnerable locations but can be harnessed to maximize operational efficiency, recovery capability, and long-term sustainability. Threats, both emergent and systemic, have propagated beyond historical norms, exposing the limitations of hazard-specific resilience approaches. These approaches, by their nature, rely on predefined scenarios that fail to capture the full complexity of cascading failures, novel threat combinations, and the dynamic evolution of risks over time, especially in the cases where environment is affected. This leaves critical gaps in planning, response, and recovery, as systems designed around specific hazards are often unable to adapt to disruptions that fall outside their narrowly defined parameters, resulting in unanticipated vulnerabilities and slower recovery trajectories. We propose a paradigm shift toward threat-agnostic resilience, emphasizing adaptability to unforeseen hazards through modularity, distributedness, diversity, and plasticity. These principles foster system-wide robustness by enabling critical functions to persist despite unpredictable challenges. This framework also accounts for the interdependencies between resilience strategies and environmental outcomes, ensuring that adaptability to unforeseen hazards is balanced with sustainability goals. Resilience characteristics, such as modular design and distributed systems, shape patterns of resource use, energy efficiency, and ecological impacts across systems. By identifying methods to assess and optimize these trade-offs, we provide actionable insights for designing infrastructure that simultaneously enhances resilience and minimizes environmental burdens. Challenges exist in developing methodological foundations for these principles within practical applications to prevent sunk cost and over-constraining operational procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 105535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}