{"title":"Cues facilitating collective sensemaking during emergencies: Gaps, inconsistencies, and indicators","authors":"Rob Grace, Feifei Pang, Jess Kropczynski","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In emergency communications centers, call takers gather information from 9-1-1 callers which dispatchers then radio to first responders. This workflow changes, however, when communications specialists are introduced to work alongside call takers and dispatchers to make sense of information gathered from multiple physical and social sensors during emergencies. While the work of cross-functional communications teams stands to improve the timeliness and quality of situational awareness information dispatched to first responders, the sociotechnical requirements for collective sensemaking in next-generation emergency communications work remains understudied.</div><div>In this research-through-design study, a prototype dashboard and synthetic datasets were developed to examine how cues—informational features that prompt recognition and response—facilitated collective sensemaking among telecommunicators gathering information from 9-1-1 calls and social media during active assailant and flood emergency exercises. During these exercises, three types of cues—gaps, inconsistencies, and indicators—facilitated collective sensemaking by enabling the team to collaboratively assess and reassess incidents reported during the emergencies. However, these cues facilitated collective sensemaking only when paired with multiple resources and coordination mechanisms, including a common operational picture, domain ontology, and standard operating procedures, that allowed telecommunicators to recognize and respond to cues by seeking information to update and modify representations of events shared among members of the communications team. By theorizing cues as relationships between physical features of the environment and actors capable of recognizing and responding to these features, and conceptually defining types of cues that facilitate collective sensemaking, this study offers implications for the design of technologies and work organizations that support collective sensemaking processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104897"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Landslide-bridge interaction: Insights from an extensive database of Italian case studies","authors":"Diana Salciarini , Erica Cernuto , Giulia Capati , Francesca Dezi , Lorenzo Brezzi , Fabiola Gibin , Fabio Gabrieli , Stefano Stacul , Angelo Doglioni , Arianna Lupattelli , Nunziante Squeglia , Vincenzo Simeone , Paolo Simonini","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the wealth of documented case studies, systematic approaches to correlate landslide characteristics with the damage they cause to bridges are rare. The correlation is challenging due to the complexity of landslides, which can vary in movement types, volume, velocities, materials, and orientations. Additionally, the lack of universally applicable models to forecast bridge responses in case of landslide interaction adds complexity. Recognizing the urgency of addressing this challenge, various countries, including Italy, have introduced guidelines and strategies to manage infrastructure risks and enhance safety. Efforts are underway to develop practical tools for authorities and infrastructure managers, encompassing factors influencing bridge response, especially under the action of natural hazards. This article presents a database of landslide-bridge interactions in Italy, developed under the FABRE Consortium. The database was compiled by analysing 382 bridges across 12 Italian regions. The article explores correlations between landslide characteristics and risk classification for bridges, defined as “Landslide Class of Attention” (L-CoA). The analysis shows that landslide volume is directly correlated with L-CoA severity, with larger volumes leading to higher classifications. Very slow-moving landslides are prevalent in high-risk L-CoA categories, suggesting they are associated with significant volumes and severe consequences. Complete interference between landslides and infrastructure poses the highest risk, while partial interference also contributes significantly. Combined landslides tend to result in more severe L-CoA classifications. The findings underscore the importance of better understanding the interactions between landslides and bridges, to develop predictive models and mitigate the risks posed by landslides to infrastructure in Italy and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104983"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying critical factors affecting the livelihood recovery following disasters: A comparative analysis of China and New Zealand","authors":"Gujun Pu , Alice Yan Chang-Richards","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As damage and loss caused by natural hazards have increased worldwide over the past several decades, it is important for governments and aid agencies to have tools that enable effective post-disaster livelihood recovery to create self-sufficiency for the affected population. This study employs a comparative case study with a mixed method to compare the critical factors affecting livelihood recovery following disasters. Data were collected following the 2013 Lushan earthquake in China and the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake in New Zealand. The results show that the common factors from the comparative case study given by the respondents from both Lushan in China and Kaikōura in New Zealand are “community safety”, “availability of family support”, “level of community cohesion”, “external housing recovery support”, “level of a housing recovery”, and “availability of health and wellbeing support”. Factors that are only in Lushan include “access to income generation assets”, “level of community participation in decision making”, and \"availability of skills training programmes”. Factors that are in Kaikōura not in Lushan included “effective governance”, \"availability of social welfare support from the government”, and “distance to scenic spots”. Based on the differences and similarities between different factors, this study suggests various stakeholders require more international knowledge and policy sharing, effective communicative mechanisms and the promotion of livelihood transformation process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104958"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuqian Cao , Xiao Xu , Yichen Luo , Yue Xiang , Youbo Liu , Weihao Hu , Junyong Liu
{"title":"Human-safe based electric vehicle evacuation in transportation-power networks during emergencies: A two-stage response framework","authors":"Yuqian Cao , Xiao Xu , Yichen Luo , Yue Xiang , Youbo Liu , Weihao Hu , Junyong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) and the deepening interconnection between transportation and the power grid have heightened the complexity and vulnerability of the coupling transportation-power networks (TPNs). EV evacuation can exert significant dynamic pressure on the TPNs during emergencies. This article presents a baseline reproducible two-stage emergency response framework. In the first stage, we develop a platform for the comprehensive simulation called EV evacuation integrated simulation model (EVEISM), utilizing agent-based modeling. The interaction between the agent models and the GIS-based environment models captures the behavior of EVs in the complete evacuation period, including pre-evacuation and post-evacuation charging, receiving notifications, making destination decisions, planning routes to avoid risks, and traffic dynamics. In the second stage, leveraging EVEISM results to enhance situational awareness, strategic pre-positioning of mobile energy storage systems (MESS) and optimal routing are conducted. A mixed-integer second-order cone programming model is established for the coordinated response of multiple power sources to dispatch MESS dynamically. Case studies are conducted on coupling transportation-power systems, exemplified through the toxic gas leak scenario. The numerical results demonstrate the method's effectiveness in ensuring the safe evacuation of residents and optimizing coordinated response to enhance the system's safety and economic efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104986"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dianchen Sun , Huimin Wang , Jing Huang , Weiqian Wang , Zehui Zhou , Weidong Huang
{"title":"Urban flood hazard insights from multiple perspectives based on internet of things sensor data","authors":"Dianchen Sun , Huimin Wang , Jing Huang , Weiqian Wang , Zehui Zhou , Weidong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Floods are major global natural disasters that cause significant damage. Analyzing urban flood hazards is essential for urban planning and sustainable development. The shift toward proactive urban disaster prevention requires expanding flood hazard assessments beyond flood depth to encompass a broader range of factors to enhance resilience. This study introduces a multiple perspective analysis of urban flood hazards based on internet of things (IoT) sensor data, such as maximum flood depth, total flood events, average drainage time, average accumulation efficiency and average drainage efficiency. This research assesses detailed flood hazards of urban areas and points of interest (POIs) and finds a significant difference of up to 14.6 % in extreme-hazard areas when multiple hazard indicators are used, with the maximum flood depth indicator showing the highest proportion. For medium-hazard areas, the total flood event indicator yielded the highest proportion, accounting for up to 35.7 % of the area. The findings also indicate that POI flood hazards vary significantly depending on the indicator. Medical facilities were found to have extended impacts due to prolonged water accumulation and drainage times, despite infrequent flooding, suggesting that many locations are subject to a moderate hazard level. The study also highlights the heightened hazard of residential buildings in extreme scenarios, underscoring the need for enhanced flood mitigation in residential planning. This study emphasizes adopting multiple perspectives in flood hazard assessment, challenging the traditional reliance on single metrics. This study provides valuable insights for urban planners and policy-makers and advocates for a holistic approach to urban flood risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104919"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flood regulation ecosystem services analysis and security pattern optimization for resilient management adapted to the complex terrain of coastal estuaries: A case study in Xiamen","authors":"Jian Tian , Xuan Chen , Suiping Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flood risk in coastal areas has been exacerbated by global climate change. Research on flood risk assessment is emerging from the perspective of supply and demand for flood regulation ecosystem services (FRES). However, there are still limitations in the evaluation of lowland regulation, implementation of intelligent algorithms, comparison of multi-grain FRES supply and demand, and overall optimization of security pattern. Therefore, we propose a comprehensive FRES supply assessment method that incorporates soil and vegetation, lowland, and water regulations. Additionally, we introduce the random forest model to enhance the FRES demand assessment approach. Two grain sizes of the sub-catchment area and grid unit are used to compare FRES supply and demand. Using Xiamen as a case study, this research unveils the following findings: (1) Significant disparities exist between the assessment outcomes of FRES based on multiple types of regulatory services and those solely considering soil and vegetation regulation. The areas with high FRES supply extend beyond upper mountain forests to include local lower plains exhibiting strong capabilities for lowland or water system regulation. (2) Consistent yet distinct results are observed when comparing two grain sizes. Imbalances in supply and demand occur in estuaries, bays, and densely built-up regions. Sub-catchment units exhibit wider distribution and concentration, while grid units display more dispersed patterns. (3) In terms of in-situ regulation, 26.77 km<sup>2</sup> ecological protection area, 9.85 km<sup>2</sup> ecological restoration area, and 119.59 km<sup>2</sup> construction land flood control intervention area are demarcated. From a directional regulation perspective, 22 FRES corridors connecting source and sink areas along with 24 pinch points are identified. Optimizing security patterns through coordinated management of FRES supply and demand can enhance the resilience of coastal estuaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104946"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Climate change vulnerability assessment for adaptation planning in Uttarakhand, Indian Himalaya","authors":"Seema Rani, Purushottam Tiwari","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change vulnerability estimation at all spatial scales is imperative for the development of effective adaptation strategies in the biogeographically fragile Himalayan region. This study aims to estimate district-wise climate change vulnerability in the state of Uttarakhand for the year 2022 by integrating climatic, environmental, and socio-economic factors. Employing an integrated approach, nine components (climate change, natural disaster, ecosystem services, agriculture, socio-economic status, human resource capacity, infrastructure, basic facilities, and social/natural capital) incorporating a total of 63 indicators, are used to estimate exposure (E), sensitivity (S), adaptive capacity (AC) and the vulnerability of the study area. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to assess the suitability and weights of all the indicators. The findings show that middle (1400–2400 m a.s.l.) and higher (>2400 m a.s.l.) districts of the state are more vulnerable (−0.68 to −1.50) than lower (1–1400 m a.s.l.) districts (0.16 to −0.26). Based on the vulnerability index (−0.68 to −1.50), five districts-Uttarkashi, Rudraprayag, Chamoli, Champawat, Pithoragarh, and Bageshwar are identified as priority districts for adaptation planning. The high vulnerability is primarily attributed to increased exposure to excessive precipitation, cold waves, cloudbursts, and flood events, coupled with high ecosystem sensitivity and low adaptive capacity. In contrast, the lower districts of the state benefit from better infrastructure, social and natural capital, and connectivity, which contribute to low vulnerability. The suggested strategies in the present study would help policymakers to allocate resources efficiently, fostering long-term resilience to climate change and sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104938"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Natural and environmental risk communication: A scoping review of campaign experiences, applications and tools","authors":"Alessandra Massa, Francesca Comunello","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper discusses natural and environmental risk communication and presents the findings of a scoping review that set out to identify campaign experiences, concrete applications, and tools. The 125 papers reviewed were selected based on the principle of intentionality in the design and dissemination of communicative devices. The papers demonstrate the complexity of risk communication and the flexibility of the tools provided. The literature mainly discusses experiences addressing pre-risk phases, with the American context being the most extensively researched. Future research should concentrate on designing and analyzing tools suitable for diverse audiences and seen clearly to apply principles of participation and co-design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104936"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social media data for disaster risk management and research","authors":"Dmitry Erokhin, Nadejda Komendantova","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rise of social media has revolutionized disaster risk reduction (DRR) by offering real-time, large-scale data collection and fostering dynamic community engagement. This study explores the potential of social media analytics as a vital resource in understanding population responses during disasters. By harnessing social media data, researchers and policymakers can gain insights into public sentiment, immediate needs, and reactions to risk reduction measures. The study presents case studies on major disasters, including earthquakes and pandemics, demonstrating the efficacy and challenges of social media as a tool for DRR. Despite its advantages, such as immediacy and broad reach, the study addresses significant concerns like data accuracy, privacy, and misinformation. Drawing from the Horizon Europe initiatives, this research offers a comprehensive analysis of how social media can enhance disaster preparedness and response, while proposing future avenues for optimizing the integration of social media data in DRR strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104980"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Situating the science of disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) in Nepal for policy and planning","authors":"Anshu Ogra , Amy Donovan , Maud Borie , Mark Pelling , Rachana Upadhyaya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) emphasises the necessity for “more science” in advancing Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR); however, this initiative often falters in developing countries. This paper utilises a situated knowledge framework from feminist science studies to analyse the knowledge institutionalisation pathways of two Scientific Administrative Organisations (SAOs) in Nepal: the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM) and the Department of Mines and Geology (DMG). These organisations are pivotal in generating knowledge advisories for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM). Our findings indicate that knowledge production processes within these institutions are profoundly shaped by their contextual realities. Notably, the understanding of what constitutes “science” for DRR is influenced by the vision and mission statements of the SAOs, which are further informed by national mandates. The study also reveals entrenched knowledge hierarchies and power dynamics that elevate hazard research to “core science,” while relegating social science-based risk assessments to a secondary role. By examining these SAOs, we highlight how SAOs operational context complicates the straightforward demand for “more science”. To address these challenges, we argue for greater visibility of the operational context of these SAOs and emphasise the need to reassess their positioning within the DRR landscape to meet the evolving expectations for risk-based scientific advisories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13915,"journal":{"name":"International journal of disaster risk reduction","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104989"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142723127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}