Hydrometallurgy最新文献

{"title":"Scaling analysis of electrodeposited copper and the influence of a modified polysaccharide on surface roughness","authors":"Jeffrey L. Shepherd ,&nbsp;Karl Torman ,&nbsp;Michael S. Moats ,&nbsp;Joseph Bauer ,&nbsp;Eduard Guerra","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of a commercially available modified polysaccharide (HydroStar®, Chemstar Chemical Products) on the roughness of short-term and small-scale copper electrodeposits was investigated using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), linear scan profilometry and scaling analysis. Copper was deposited on a 316L stainless steel cathode at 40 °C and 300 A m⁻² from an electrolyte containing 40 g L⁻¹ Cu²⁺, 170 g L⁻¹ H₂SO₄, 1.5 g L⁻¹ Fe³⁺, 15 mg L⁻¹ Cl⁻ and either 0, 10, 50 or 100 mg L⁻¹ of HydroStar. Copper deposits produced between 15 and 25 min were imaged using AFM and 2D linear scan profilometry was used to gather surface features of copper samples produced in the range of 120 and 240 min. Scaling analysis was applied to quantify the surface characteristics of limiting roughness (δ) and critical length (L_C) from which δ/L_C was computed and related to the aspect ratio of surface features. All copper deposits showed a general rise in δ and L_C with deposition time but the growth rates decreased when HydroStar was included in the electrolyte indicating that the additive lowers the vertical height of surface features as well as their widths. Furthermore, copper deposits were more consistently produced in the presence of HydroStar and, for a given value of limiting roughness, had surface features with wider base than those created in the absence of the additive. The results show that the modified polysaccharide acts to create smooth copper deposits by generating surface features with lower aspect ratios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 106405"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of V2O5 using Pb5(VO4)3OH recovered from Bayer vanadium sludge through H2SO4 pre-treatment, H2O2 leaching, V5O12∙6H2O and V10O24∙12H2O precipitation and oxidative roasting at 400 °C","authors":"Changda Zhang,&nbsp;Qiusheng Zhou,&nbsp;Yilin Wang,&nbsp;Leiting Shen,&nbsp;Guihua Liu,&nbsp;Tiangui Qi,&nbsp;Zhihong Peng,&nbsp;Xiaobin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bayer vanadium sludge (BVS), discharged during the Bayer alumina production, is a promising secondary resource for the supply of vanadium. Previous vanadium extraction process involving Pb₅(VO₄)₃OH precipitation by PbSO₄, H₂SO₄ and (NH₄)₂SO₃ leaching, (NH₄)₂S₂O₈ oxidation followed by ammonium vanadate precipitation, suffered from large amounts of reagent consumption and discharge of ammonia-containing waste. In this study, a cleaner and cost-efficient process based on H₂SO₄ pre-treatment, H₂O₂ leaching, hydrolytic precipitation, and preparation of V₂O₅ through oxidative roasting was proposed to reduce reagent consumption and waste. Results show that the maximum vanadium leaching efficiency reached 99.7 % under the most suitable conditions of H₂SO₄ pre-treatment with H₂SO₄/Pb₅(VO₄)₃OH molar ratio of 6.5, pulp density of 250 g/L at 90 °C for 4 h followed by H₂O₂ leaching with H₂O₂/V molar ratio of 3.0 at 15 °C for 10 min. Furthermore, 96.5 % of vanadium was precipitated in the forms of V₅O₁₂∙6H₂O and V₁₀O₂₄∙12H₂O by heating the leach liquors to 100 °C for 60 min, followed by the oxidative roasting at 400 °C for 2 h to prepare V₂O₅ product with a purity of 99.2 %, with only H₂O as a by-product. This research provides new insights into vanadium extraction in a cleaner, cost-efficient, and sustainable industrial process which saves 147.4 $/t Pb₅(VO₄)₃OH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 106404"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvent extraction of titanium(IV) from orthophosphoric acid media using Aliquat-336/kerosene and stripping with nitric acid","authors":"Ahmed A. Galhoum,&nbsp;Basma T. Mohamed,&nbsp;Shaimaa S. Abdulmoteleb,&nbsp;Said I. Mohamady,&nbsp;Nagwa I. Falila","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Titanium extraction from acidic solutions was investigated using Aliquat-336, considering factors like acid type and concentration for leaching, diluent type for solvent extraction, equilibration time, extractant concentration, phase ratio, and temperature. Kerosene exhibited superior performance as an aliphatic diluent for Aliquat-336 compared to other utilized diluents. The extraction efficiency was inversely proportional to the dielectric constant of the diluents. The quantitative Ti(IV) extraction efficiency from phosphoric acid (6 M H₃PO₄) leach liquor of ilmenite and rutile achived 98 % at room temperature (298 K) in 10 min after mixing with 0.1 M Aliquat-336 dissolved in kerosene at a phase volume ratio of 1:1 (Aq:Org). The exothermic extraction process occurred spontaneously. The proposed extraction mechanism using Aliquat-336/kerosene involves ion-pair association of the extractant with a Ti(IV) complex, confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The Ti(IV) ions were effectively stripped using HNO₃ (3 M) with an aqueous:organic phase volume ratio of 1:1 at 25 °C after a contact time of 10 min in each step. The Aliquat-336/kerosene efficiently tested for Ti(IV) recovery from acidic Abu-Ghalaga ilmenite and rutile leachate. The findings indicate that, the phosphate medium is highly efficient in extracting Ti(IV), even with low concentration of Aliquat-336 in kerosene, especially in comparison to the impurities such as Fe, Cr, and Al. The EDX, XRD, and wet chemical analyses of the final product after the hydrolysis of stripped Ti(IV) from samples originating from the Abu-Ghalaga area and rutile samples, confirmed the formation of high-purity TiO₂ (predominantly anatase phase). The SEM results showed particles with a regularly spherical structure and uniform size.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 106403"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective extraction of silver from jarosite residues produced in the zinc hydrometallurgical process using thiourea under acidic conditions: Kinetic analysis and leaching optimization","authors":"Mary C. Nolasco ,&nbsp;Israel Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Javier E. Vilasó ,&nbsp;Mizraim U. Flores ,&nbsp;Thangarasu Pandiyan ,&nbsp;Emmanuel J. Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Javier Aguilar ,&nbsp;Martín Reyes ,&nbsp;Iván A. Reyes","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, an industrial hazardous jarosite residue produced in the zinc hydrometallurgical process containing silver was used to evaluate the feasibility of using thiourea (Tu) for silver leaching under acidic conditions in the presence of oxalate (C₂O₄²⁻ ion denoted as Ox²⁻). The shrinking core kinetic model (SCKM) was applied to evaluate the effect of variables on the reaction rate. The chemical reaction of H₃O⁺ with the jarosite surface was the controlling stage. The results of batch experiments revealed that silver extraction is influenced by various factors in the descending order: pH &gt; T (temperature) &gt; [Tu] (thiourea concentration) &gt; [Ox²⁻] (oxalate concentration). The extraction efficiency of Ag was 98 % at high levels of both T and [H₂SO₄], although a higher [Tu] was required. High Tu consumption was associated with the stability of Tu due to the presence of Fe³⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions leached along with Ag⁺, which affect the redox potential catalyzing Tu oxidation. Temperature is the most effective variable with a reaction rate constant of k_exp = 1.1 min⁻¹ at 60 °C, but it causes a decrease in silver extraction to 92.5 %. The kinetic parameters were obtained using the SCKM; furthermore, the experimental results were statistically validated through a surface response experimental design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 106396"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on ultrasonic assisted intensive leaching of germanium from germanium concentrate using HCl/NaOCl","authors":"Mingyuan Rao ,&nbsp;Hongying Xia ,&nbsp;Yingjie Xu ,&nbsp;Guiyu Jiang ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongtao Yuan ,&nbsp;Libo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ultrasonic radiation is widely used in the enhancement of leaching process with outstanding advantages in leaching efficiency. In this study, a germanium concentrate was leached with NaClO and the influence of factors such as ultrasound power and oxidant addition on the leaching efficiency of germanium from the concentrate were investigated. The leaching efficiency of germanium reached 96.8% at the initial concentration of hydrochloric acid of 8 mol/L, the oxidant dosage of 1.5 g/L NaClO, the liquid-solid volume/mass ratio of 6 mL/g, the ultrasonic power density of 13.3 W/cm³, and the stirring speed of 300 rpm for 30 min at 60 °C. The leaching efficiency was 4.50% higher at a shorter leaching time and lower temperature, than that of the conventional process, which was mainly attributed to the ultrasonic multiple effects and NaClO. Meanwhile, NaClO can effectively oxidize As(III) into non-volatile As(V), remove arsenic in germanium, facilitate the subsequent distillation, improve the leaching efficiency, and be more environmentally friendly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 106385"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of non-reactive solute transport models for the evaluation of fluid flow in packed beds with implications for heap leaching practice","authors":"Michael D. Odidi ,&nbsp;Marijke A. Fagan-Endres ,&nbsp;Susan T.L. Harrison","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106395","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study investigated the effects of mean particle size fraction, bottom particle size, particle porosity and wettability on solution scale preferential flow behaviour via step input tracer tests in drip irrigated, narrowly and mixed-sized beds under steady state fluid flux. Nine solute transport models were used to quantify this behaviour reflected in the residence time distribution (RTD) profiles. Four were empirical models: three compartmental model configurations (CM-1, CM-2, CM-3) and tanks-in-series (TIS) model. The remainder five models were semi-empirical: advection dispersion (AD), piston exchange (PE), piston exchange - diffusion variant (PE-D), piston dispersion and exchange (PDE) and piston dispersion and exchange - diffusion variant (PDE&lt;img&gt;D). The model fit results showed that the mono-porosity TIS, AD and CM-2 models were the worst performers, while the dual porosity PDE and novel PDE-D models achieved the lowest average error values across the various systems. Higher levels of particle wettability coupled with capillary effects produced peculiar RTD curves that were relatively more difficult for the mono-porosity models to simulate. The model parameters investigated included the longitudinal dispersion coefficient (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ds&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), dead to total volume fraction (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), dynamic to total saturation fraction (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;β&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;β&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), overall mass transfer coefficient (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;K&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) and maximum diffusional pore length (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;X&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;). The results showed that an increase in the average particle size within the beds led to higher &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ds&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;X&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; values, but lower &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;β&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;β&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;K&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; values. These indicate an overall increase in solution scale preferential flow behaviour. Decreased capillary suction and connectivity between particle pores and inter-particle voids were deemed responsible for the results. Higher levels of particle porosity acted as a buffer against these effects. Overall, the results highlight the benefit of the addition of fines (0.1–1 mm particles) during the agglomeration process in heaps to help reduce solution scale preferential flow behaviour and increase liquid hold-up. This is more necessary when the ore has low to moderate levels of porosity (surface area: &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;2 m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/g) and will also increase the modelling options availab","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 106395"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142090503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anion exchange recovery of rhenium from industrial liquors followed by direct synthesis of a rhenium halide salt","authors":"Evgeny Kirillov,&nbsp;Zhanna Bochkareva,&nbsp;Vladimir Semenishchev,&nbsp;Sergey Kirillov,&nbsp;Grigory Bunkov,&nbsp;Vladimir Rychkov","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present study, the sorption of perrhenate ions from sulfuric acid liquors was studied using three types of polymer ion exchange resins. An anion exchange resin type 1 (a copolymer of 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine with divinylbenzene (VP-DVB)) as well as two polyfunctional resins containing anion and cation exchange functional groups, namely, type 2 (a carboxylated VP-DVB with pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (picolinic acid) functional group) and type 3 (an aminophosphorylated VP-DVB with pyridine-2-[(methylamino)methyl]phosphonic acid functional group), were studied. The resins before and after rhenium sorption were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and XPS spectroscopy. The incorporation of additional acidic functional groups into the polymer matrix of the VP-DVB resins led to a slight decrease in the rhenium anion exchange capacity. At the same time, polyfunctional resins make it possible to strip rhenium with hydrochloric acid. A completely new process for the preconcentration of rhenium as a halide compound, which will contribute to the low-cost production of metallic rhenium, can be implemented using these new polyfunctional resins. Column sorption experiments using real uranium leach liquors demonstrated an exchange capacity of 33.2 mg of Re per gram of resin and a concentration factor in the eluate of ∼2500. The possibility of anion exchange recovery of rhenium from uranium leach liquors by Type 3 resin followed by direct precipitation of potassium hexachlororhenate from hydrochloric acid desorption liquor was demonstrated. The present study provided a new resin for rhenium recovery with excellent adsorption and elution characteristics, which is a promising candidate for practical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 106387"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrochloric acid leaching of rare earth elements from a novel source of deep-sea sediments and advantage of reduction with H2O2","authors":"Kuifang Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhu ,&nbsp;Bohan Wei ,&nbsp;Xiaocong Zhong ,&nbsp;Ruixiang Wang ,&nbsp;Yuping Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the mineralogy of a novel resource of deep-sea sediments containing rare earth elements (REEs) was investigated, along with the leaching of REEs using hydrochloric acid. The results revealed that, apart from 62.0% of the Ce found in the Mn oxides, the other REEs in the deep-sea sediments mostly existed in hydroxyapatite mineral which can be easily decomposed via a hydrochloric acid leaching. An optimized REEs leaching percentage of 89.5% was achieved using 2.0 mol/L hydrochloric acid as the leaching agent, with a liquid-solid ratio of 4:1, at 60 °C for 30 min. However, Mn oxides remained stable during the leaching process, resulting in a low Ce leaching percentage of 30.7%. Under the optimized conditions, Mn oxides could be decomposed by adding 30% H₂O₂ as a reducing agent, leading to improved leaching percentages of Ce and REEs to 86.6% and 93.2%, respectively. The high leaching efficiency of REEs may further increase the utilization potential of this novel resource.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 106383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142077523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentally friendly non-saponification solvent extraction and separation process for RE(III) (RE = Eu, Gd and Tb) in acetic acid solution using HEHEHP/n-heptane","authors":"Xiaoyang Qu ,&nbsp;Xuxia Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Shangwan Fu ,&nbsp;Kejia Liu ,&nbsp;Yangyang Xie ,&nbsp;Liuyimei Yang ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Tao Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The key to achieving sustainable metal extraction development is to avoid the generation of high-salt wastewater from the source. Here, a new system for the extraction and separation of lanthanide elements Eu(III), Gd(III) and Tb(III) from the acetic acid solution using HEHEHP (2-ethylhexyl hydrogen-2-ethylhexylphosphonate) was studied. The corresponding parameters including contact time, HEHEHP concentration, concentrations of rare earth metal ions and acetic acid in the initial solution, aqueous/organic phase volume ratio (R_(A/O)), and temperature were considered to optimize the conditions for the separation of different rare earth elements. The results showed that the separation coefficients of Tb(III)/Gd(III) and Gd(III)/Eu(III) in the acetic acid system were approximately 6.2 and 1.7, with HEHEHP of 0.15 mol/L and R_(A/O) of 2:1, and the extraction efficiency of RE(III) reached approximately 73.1%, which was higher than that in the hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid systems. The mechanism associated with the extraction reaction was evaluated and discussed by the maximum loading capacity method, chromatographic analysis, and FT-IR spectrometric analysis. The mechanism followed a cation exchange reaction and acetic acid did not participate in the extraction process. The feasibility of the separation of Tb(III) from Eu(III) and Gd(<em>III</em>)was also given in terms of the separation coefficients between different elements at different extraction conditions. Since saponification is not necessary in the acetic acid extraction system, it can considerably reduce wastewater discharge to the ecological environment from the source.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 106386"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gold recovery from chloride leach solution of TCCA using D301 anion exchange resin and elution with thiourea","authors":"Huiqun Niu ,&nbsp;Hongying Yang ,&nbsp;Linlin Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA), which is used for gold leaching, is an alternative to cyanidation due to its lower toxicity and higher efficiency. This study investigated the gold recovery procedures from highly effective chloride leaching solution using the D301 resin. This approach prevented the inhibition of gold adsorption when using activated carbon. Herein, the optimal conditions for gold adsorption were discussed, including establishing adsorption kinetics and isotherms, and calculating adsorption activation energy. Additionally, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) techniques were used to reveal the mechanism of gold adsorption using D301 resin. Under optimal conditions (pH 4.0, temperature 25 °C, time 120 min), an average adsorption percentage of 99.2% was achieved. Analysis of the adsorption data confirmed that gold adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The calculated activation energy was 9.69 kJ mol⁻¹, indicating a predominance of physical adsorption involving ion exchange reactions with protonated tertiary amine groups in the D301 resin beads. Furthermore, among various eluents tested in desorption experiments, a solution containing a mixture of thiourea and hydrochloric acid with 0.4 mol L⁻¹ and 0.8 mol L⁻¹, respectively, demonstrated superior efficiency, achieving a successful desorption percentage reaching 95.7 ± 0.3% within 80 min. After three cycles of resin regeneration, the regeneration efficiency reached 91.2% while maintaining an average adsorption percentage of 95.3%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 106384"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142077520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}