Hydrometallurgy最新文献

{"title":"Redox assisted solvent extraction to enable highly efficient separation of cerium from other lanthanides: Experimental studies and DFT calculations","authors":"Huaixin Hao ,&nbsp;Yaoyang Liu ,&nbsp;Jianhua Yuan,&nbsp;Xue Dong,&nbsp;Zhipeng Wang,&nbsp;Chao Xu,&nbsp;Jing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Cerium (Ce) has become an important strategic resource in high-tech fields owing to its excellent optical, magnetic, acoustic, and electrical properties. The recovery of non-natural Ce derived from nuclear fission<span> through spent fuel reprocessing is of potential significance for the reservation of extremely precious resources. In the present work, Ce</span></span>³⁺ was oxidized to Ce⁴⁺ by NaBiO₃<span><span> and then extracted by alkyl phosphate ligands. The extraction efficiency can be enhanced by increasing acidity, raising extractant concentration and decreasing temperature. By taking the advantage of the intrinsic selectivity to tetravalent </span>lanthanides (Ln) by alkyl phosphates, highly efficient and selective extraction of Ce</span>⁴⁺ from other trivalent lanthanides with remarkable separation factor (<em>SF</em>) over 10³ was achieved. Meanwhile, the back extraction of Ce could be accomplished through reducing Ce⁴⁺ to Ce³⁺ by H₂O₂<span>. Further studies on structure-property relationship by spectroscopic methods and DFT calculations revealed that alkyl substituent groups with more C atoms enhanced the complexation between Ce</span>⁴⁺ and the ligand, while steric hindrance effect could weaken the extractability of Ce⁴⁺. Moreover, a shorter Ce<img>O bond and a stronger covalent interaction in the Ce⁴⁺ complex, as compared to the Ln³⁺ complex, contributed to the excellent selectivity to Ce⁴⁺ over Ln³⁺.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139407594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile and novel method for the recovery of gold from a calcined concentrate via copper–ammonia -thiourea system and activated carbon","authors":"Yue Lin ,&nbsp;Yunlong Chen ,&nbsp;Shuliang Chen ,&nbsp;Xianzhi Hu ,&nbsp;Futing Zi ,&nbsp;Peng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Cyanidation, as the primary method for gold extraction, poses significant risks to the environment and animals. Therefore, an eco-friendly, sustainable, and effective leaching approach has been devised for extracting gold from a gold concentrate after </span>calcination, utilizing copper(II)-ammonia and </span>thiourea. This research focuses primarily on optimizing leaching conditions, gold recovery from leach solution, and cyclic utilization of the leaching solution. Furthermore, we investigated the potential mechanisms behind the leaching and recovery processes using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermodynamic analysis. The leaching process exhibits a spontaneous reaction, and the mechanism for alkaline thiourea leaching of gold is as follows: (a) reduction of Cu(NH</span>₃)₄²⁺ to Cu(TU)₄⁺<span>, (b) oxidation of Au(0) to Au(TU)</span>₂⁺ and (c) oxidation of Cu(TU)₄⁺ back to Cu(NH₃)₄²⁺, in the presence of oxygen, regenerating the catalyst. Under optimal leaching conditions, the proposed method achieves a gold extraction efficiency of approximately 86.6%, approaching that of cyanidation. The barren leach solution can be reused for subsequent leaching experiments, with consistent gold extraction efficiency and thiourea consumption. Therefore, this method presents a promising alternative to gold leaching via cyanidation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139379576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioleaching of secondary and critical raw materials from Red Mud by a mixed culture in a semi-continuous reactor","authors":"Anna Cozzolino ,&nbsp;Giovanna Cappai ,&nbsp;Stefano Cara ,&nbsp;Jesús Angel Muñoz ,&nbsp;Stefano Milia ,&nbsp;Elena Tamburini ,&nbsp;Angela Serpe ,&nbsp;Alessandra Carucci","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Red Mud (RM) is a byproduct of the Bayer Process, used to extract alumina from bauxite<span>. This residue contains valuable metals and rare earth elements (REEs), which can be bioleached under acidic conditions and later recovered, eventually reducing the RM pollution potential. The focus of this study was to extract metals through bioleaching using biostimulated biomass. A </span></span>sequencing batch reactor<span> (SBR) was operated at two different solid to liquid ratios (S/L, 2% and 1.5%) under aerobic conditions, using a feeding strategy based on pH evolution over time. The lowest pH obtained at 2% S/L was 3.8. Metals extraction efficiencies were 68 ± 18% for Mn, 58 ± 4.5% for Mg, 51 ± 2.9% for Al, 0.6 ± 0.07% for Ti and &lt; 0.1% for Fe. At 1.5% S/L, a slightly lower pH was achieved (3.4), with metals extraction efficiencies similar to those obtained at 2% S/L, but more stable over time. At 1.5% S/L, REEs (i.e., Nd, Ce, Y, Sc and La) extraction efficiencies were also evaluated, and the highest value was obtained for Nd (around 65%). The results were promising and provided useful information for further enhancing the efficiency of metals extraction, in the perspective of process scale-up.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139110449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioleaching of a lateritic ore (Piauí, Brazil) in percolators","authors":"Srdjan Stanković,&nbsp;Simon Goldmann,&nbsp;Dennis Kraemer,&nbsp;Kristian Ufer,&nbsp;Axel Schippers","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heap leaching of laterites for extraction of nickel and cobalt is an attractive alternative to capital and energy intensive high pressure acid leaching, the dominant hydrometallurgical processing technology for limonitic laterites. Conventional approach for heap leaching of laterites is leaching with sulfuric acid. Consumption of sulfuric acid during heap leaching is substantial and industrial-scale operations require construction of a sulfuric acid production plant on site. In this study, heap bioleaching of laterites was simulated in laboratory scale column percolators and bioleaching of nickel and cobalt from lateritic material was successfully demonstrated for the first time. The process is based on biooxidation of the bacterially modified “wet sulfur” inside column percolators by sulfur-oxidizing acidophilic bacteria <em>Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans.</em> The “wet sulfur“ was generated in a bioreactor with the bacterial culture, harvested, and mixed with lateritic ore before forming agglomerates to be filled in the percolator columns. Liquid was circulated with a flow rate of 8 mL/min. Maximum metal extraction was 66% nickel, 95% cobalt, 10% iron, 55% magnesium and 89% manganese from the Piauí lateritic ore after one month bioleaching. For comparison, chemical leaching with 1 M sulfuric acid with or without addition of 10 g/L of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate as reductant resulted in extraction of approximately 80% nickel, 86% cobalt, 33% iron, 50% magnesium and 81% manganese. With bioleaching a higher cobalt but lower nickel and iron extraction was achieved, i.e. a better selectivity of nickel over iron extraction, as well as a relatively higher pH of the pregnant leach solution requiring less limestone and, consequently, lower CO₂ emission and generation of iron cake waste in case of laterite bioleaching. Overall, the results are promising and show potential of laterite heap bioleaching to be further developed to application on industrial scale.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304386X24000021/pdfft?md5=4c6c586075846bb71da5040c9b8d7669&pid=1-s2.0-S0304386X24000021-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139101327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of zinc from spent pickle liquor using primary amine extraction system","authors":"Shuxuan Hu ,&nbsp;Heng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuezhi Tan ,&nbsp;Shufang Ni ,&nbsp;Shiwei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Spent pickle liquor is a hazardous liquid containing zinc and iron ions, and other environmentally harmful elements. Therefore, its discharge is prohibited because of ecological and environmental issues<span><span>. A novel cleaning process for the recovery of Zn from spent pickle liquor using solvent extraction was proposed. The extraction system comprised a secondary carbon primary amine (N1923), isooctanol, and sulfonated kerosene. Spent pickle liquor after ultrasonic enhanced reduction </span>pretreatment was studied experimentally, and effective parameters such as the extractant concentration, organic phase composition, and phase ratio (O/A) on the extraction were investigated. The extractant N1923 was found to selectively extract Zn(II) from the spent pickle liquor and retain Fe(II) in the raffinate. The concentration of Zn(II) ions in raffinate obtained using three-stage counter-current extraction was only 0.01 g/L. The raffinate could be further used to prepare an iron salt water purifier. A solution of H</span></span>₂SO₄<span> was used to strip Zn from the loaded organic phase, yielding a Zn-rich solution containing 5.39 mol/L Zn, which could be used to prepare ZnO. The unloaded organic phase was recycled, and no emulsification<span> or scale accumulation was observed during the process. The structure of the extracted complex was determined using the slope and loading capacity methods, and combined with FT-IR analysis. The main reaction that occurs during the extraction process is the anion-exchange reaction, with a stoichiometric ratio of N1923 to zinc ions of 1, resulting in an extracted complex of RNH</span></span>₃ZnCl₃. Overall, the process provided an efficient, low-consumption, convenient, safe, and sustainable method for recovering Zn from spent pickle liquor and laying the foundation for industrial applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139061209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of uranium from conversion production sludge by leaching with nitric acid and subsequent ion-exchange concentration","authors":"Sergey Yu Skripchenko ,&nbsp;Ksenia A. Nalivaiko ,&nbsp;Svetlana M. Titova ,&nbsp;Vladimir N. Rychkov ,&nbsp;Vladimir S. Semenishchev","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Physicochemical studies of the sludge of uranium conversion production were carried out to determine the possibility of its processing and return of uranium to the nuclear fuel cycle. It has been established that the sludge was mainly represented by </span>calcium compounds: CaSO</span>₄·2H₂O (60.1 wt%), CaCO₃ (25.1 wt%), CaF₂<span> (13.7 wt%), and silicon dioxide (1.2 wt%). The content of uranium in the sludge was 0.15 wt%. It was shown that it was possible to achieve high degrees of uranium extraction from the sludge using nitric acid as a leaching agent. The use of phosphorus-containing ion-exchanger Tulsion CH93 ensured the effective concentration of uranium from highly acidic pregnant leach solutions. The full dynamic exchange capacity achieved 15.7 kg m</span>⁻³. The degree of uranium desorption by ACBM (ammonium carbonate/bicarbonate mixture) solutions was 83%. The final product was ammonium uranyl phosphate hydrate NH₄UO₂PO₄∙3H₂O with a uranium content of 52.5 wt%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138840463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on speciation and enrichment of rare earth elements (REE) by sequential extraction from a potential coal fly ash resource and its role in REE extractability","authors":"Akshay Kumar Singh Choudhary ,&nbsp;Santosh Kumar ,&nbsp;Sudip Maity","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Coal fly ash (CFA) is a potential secondary Rare Earth Element<span> (REE) source that needs an efficient enrichment and extraction process. Annually, coal-fired power plants generate nearly 1 billion tonnes of coal ash. India alone produced 270.82 million tonnes of CFA in 2021–22. The average global concentration of REE in coal ash is 403.5 mg/kg. The present authors have already studied some promising CFAs from Indian thermal power stations and one such CFA is used in the present study for the sequential extraction (SE), speciation, and enrichment of REEs. Organic acids are used for SE to determine different fractions of REEs and it is found that REEs are mostly associated with amorphous Mn-oxide and organic and sulfide fractions. About 84% of REEs are in the glassy phase that SE cannot dissolve. The main components of CFA and SE residues are quartz, </span></span>mullite, and glassy phase (52.0–59.2%). The </span>XRF analysis<span> showed that CFA is ‘Class F' (ASTM C618–19). The ESEM – EDS and backscatter imaging revealed monazite-(La) mineral as the REE carrier in CFA. Furthermore, enrichment studies using acid and alkali media have been performed. Alkali treatment with NaOH and KOH increased total REE by 1.61 and 1.32 times, respectively. Acidic treatment with HCl<span> and oxalic acid increased total REE by 1.27 and 1.09 times, respectively. Therefore, NaOH followed by HCl treatment could be a cost-effective and sustainable REE enrichment and extraction method from CFA.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138679249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective removal of Fe impurities in the recovery of rare earth elements from carbonatite tailings using chemical routes","authors":"Shuronjit Kumar Sarker ,&nbsp;Mark Pownceby ,&nbsp;Sachin Yadav ,&nbsp;Warren Bruckard ,&nbsp;Nawshad Haque ,&nbsp;Nahar Singh ,&nbsp;Biplob Kumar Pramanik","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The increasing demand for rare earth elements (REEs) has led to the exploration of mining tailings as a potential secondary source. This study offers novel insights into the recovery of REEs from Fe-rich mine tailings sourced from a weathered </span>carbonatite<span><span><span> deposit. The REEs were recovered by selectively removing Fe impurities after acid-leaching. The paper details the comprehensive methodologies employed, including initial hydrochloric acid </span>leaching and variable optimization such as acid concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, temperature, and time. An alkali pre-treatment using NaOH was also investigated to assess its impact on the efficiency of REEs recovery. The study reveals that pH plays a significant role in the selective removal of Fe impurities and offers avenues for the production of high-purity, industry-grade REEs. The work is particularly ground-breaking in its exploration of selective Fe removal using a combination of dilute </span>ammonium hydroxide and </span></span>ammonium chloride<span>. Through this method, a significant milestone was achieved: the precipitated solid primarily contained Fe (&gt;96%), with minimal loss of REEs (only 0.22%) at a solution pH of 3.25 at 40 °C. This study is the first to demonstrate such high selectivity in the removal of Fe from acid leach liquors of this nature.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138657707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solubility of neodymium and dysprosium sulfates at different pH and temperature and the effect of yttrium sulfate, sodium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate mixtures: Strengthening the predictive capacities of the OLI software","authors":"Spencer Cunningham,&nbsp;Maxwell Etherington-Rivas,&nbsp;Gisele Azimi","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This study focuses on investigating the solubilities of two rare earth element (REE) sulfate salts, Nd</span>₂(SO₄)₃<span> (representing light REEs) and Dy</span>₂(SO₄)₃ (representing heavy REEs), under various conditions. Four different systems are studied: 1) binary REE₂(SO₄)₃–H₂O system at natural pH and temperatures of 25, 46, 65, and 80 °C, 2) ternary REE₂(SO₄)₃–NaOH–H₂O system, covering a pH range from 7 down to neutral, at temperatures of 25, 46, 65, and 80 °C, 3) ternary REE₂(SO₄)₃–Y₂(SO₄)₃–H₂O system, involving Y₂(SO₄)₃ concentrations ranging from 0 to 20 g/L, pH values of 3 and 7, all at 25 °C, and 4) quaternary REE₂(SO₄)₃–Na₂SO₄–(NH₄)₂SO₄–H₂O system, encompassing Na₂SO₄ and (NH₄)₂SO₄ concentrations varying from 0 to 20 g/L, pH values of 3 and 7, and at 25 °C. Solubilities of Nd₂(SO₄)₃ and Dy₂(SO₄)₃ decrease as temperature rises, attributed to the exothermic dissolution reactions. Within pH 2 to 5, solubilities remain relatively constant, but at higher pH, they decrease due to the formation of REE₂(SO₄)(OH)₄(H₂O)₂ (rare earth sulfate hydroxide hydrate). Addition of Y₂(SO₄)₃ does not significantly affect solubilities because of the relatively low Y₂(SO₄)₃ concentration range (below 0.03 mol/kg of water), but solubilities are lower at pH 7 due to <span><math><msub><mi>REE</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mfenced><mrow><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></mrow></mfenced><msub><mfenced><mi>OH</mi></mfenced><mn>4</mn></msub><msub><mfenced><mrow><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>O</mi></mrow></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span> formation. For Nd₂(SO₄)₃, solubility decreases with increasing Na₂SO₄ and (NH₄)₂SO₄ concentrations, especially at pH 3 due to the formation of NaNd(SO₄)₂(H₂O) (sodium neodymium bis(sulfate) hydrate) which is also confirmed by the decrease in Na₂SO₄ concentration compared with the target value. However, at pH 7, the concentration of Na₂SO₄ is much closer to the target range. This suggests that the formation of NaNd(SO₄)₂(H₂O) is less significant at pH 7 and most of Nd precipitates as <span><math><msub><mi>Nd</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mfenced><mrow><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></mrow></mfenced><msub><mfen","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138582955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation of Lithium extraction from salt Lake brines through force environment modulation in microfluidic channels with ion concentration polarization","authors":"Yaru Hu ,&nbsp;Yixing Gou ,&nbsp;Dongxiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiafei Jiang ,&nbsp;Bader Al-Anzi ,&nbsp;Zirui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2023.106254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Force-environment-modulated microfluidic devices possess significant potential for the efficient lithium extraction from salt-lake brines. This paper proposes a novel force-environment-modulated system for the simultaneous Li</span>⁺ concentration and Mg²⁺ removal from high Mg²⁺/Li⁺<span> ratio (MLR) brines. In this system, multiple parallel barriers are positioned within a microchannel to regulate the flow of fluids. The differentiated horizontal fluid flow velocities implement a localized region of force balance for Li</span>⁺ exclusively, enabling Li⁺ to be collected at the upward outlet while continuously expelling other ions. In addition, a vertical barrier in front of the balance region will increase Li⁺ enrichment and decrease it on the opposing side, thus further enhancing the concentration of Li⁺ and the removal of Mg²⁺ to a greater extent. The results obtained through two-dimensional simulation using a diluted model brine demonstrate that this system has the capability to concentrate Li⁺ by 4.5 times and achieve an 89% removal of Mg²⁺, where the MLR decrease to 3.45, and the separation factor reaches 6.17. The modulation of force environments for differently charged particles provides a new approach to achieve their simultaneous concentration and separation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138634764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}