Hydrometallurgy最新文献_第9页

Continuous recovery of lithium and boron from Jezechake Salt Lake brine using fixed-bed adsorbers 利用固定床吸附器从捷热克盐湖卤水中连续回收锂和硼

IF 4.7 2区材料科学

Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106299

Mengxiang Lu, Yao Miao, Ying Yang, Ping Li

{"title":"Continuous recovery of lithium and boron from Jezechake Salt Lake brine using fixed-bed adsorbers","authors":"Mengxiang Lu, Yao Miao, Ying Yang, Ping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106299","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Jezechake Salt Lake brine in China is rich in lithium ions coexisting with relatively high concentrations of carbonate and borate anions. Both carbonate and borate anions have a pH-buffering ability to accept the exchanged H+ ions of lithium ion sieves, enhancing the adsorption process of Li+ ions. When Jezechake Salt Lake brine passes through a titanium-type ion-sieve-packed column, good lithium breakthrough occurs owing to the pH-buffering action in the brine, which is of great significance for effective lithium recovery from brines in industrial production. In addition, the boron content of Jezechake Salt Lake brine is high, and its recovery is valuable for industrial applications. Here, an N-methylglucamine resin-packed column was connected in series behind a titanium-type ion-sieve-packed column to obtain boron simultaneously with the aim of lowering the energy consumption and cost of lithium recovery. During the adsorption process, Jezechake Salt Lake brine was successively fed into the lithium and boron adsorption columns. The two packed columns were then desorbed independently through acidic solution washing to obtain the Li and B eluents. The breakthrough behavior and elution performance of Li and B in the packed columns were investigated experimentally, and the practicability and efficacy of the proposed process were assessed.</div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140347595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolution of pore structure and reactive transport parameters during acid leaching of sandstone uranium ore 砂岩铀矿酸浸出过程中孔隙结构和活性迁移参数的演变

IF 4.7 2区材料科学

Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106301

Shuai Wang , Meng Lian , Dexin Ding , Guicheng He , Haiying Fu

{"title":"Evolution of pore structure and reactive transport parameters during acid leaching of sandstone uranium ore","authors":"Shuai Wang , Meng Lian , Dexin Ding , Guicheng He , Haiying Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106301","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The changes in the micro-scale pore structure during the acid leaching of sandstone uranium ore significantly affect its reactive transport parameters, which, in turn, directly influence the leaching efficiency of uranium. Consequently, understanding and managing the dynamic evolution of the pore structure of sandstone at micro-scale during acid leaching is beneficial for enhancing the leaching efficiency of uranium. This paper employs a dynamic continuous water-rock reaction experiment on sandstone uranium ore to simulate the in-situ acid leaching process. Additionally, X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT) scanning was utilized to produce three-dimensional (3D) images at various leaching stages. Subsequently, image processing techniques were employed to characterize and parameterize the pore structure within these images. The results revealed that, during the leaching process, mineral dissolution led to an increase in the interconnected pores, while there was a decrease in the isolated pores. Nonetheless, at the leading edge of the sandstone uranium ore, detachment of mineral grains occurred during the leaching process along the direction of fluid flow. The migration of mineral grains resulted in a reduction of interconnected pores and an increase in the isolated pores. The analysis of 3D images indicated that porosity, permeability, the percentage of connected pore area and the reactive surface area exhibited similar variation trends throughout the leaching process. Furthermore, the permeability, the percentage of connected pore area and the reactive surface area displayed a positive correlation with porosity. The study holds valuable insights to develop a deeper understanding of the evolutionary patterns regarding the pore structure during the in-situ acid leaching of sandstone uranium ore.</div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140347594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lead removal from tin chloride solution by barium sulfate and coprecipitation of (BaxPby)(SO4)2 for the processing of PbSn smelter slag 利用硫酸钡和共沉淀 (BaxPby)(SO4)2 从氯化锡溶液中去除铅，以处理锡铅冶炼渣

IF 4.7 2区材料科学

Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106298

Lining Yu, Huazhen Cao, Huibin Zhang, Junfeng Kong, Weilun Qian, Anyang Tang, Wenyu Feng, Guoqu Zheng

{"title":"Lead removal from tin chloride solution by barium sulfate and coprecipitation of (BaxPby)(SO4)2 for the processing of PbSn smelter slag","authors":"Lining Yu, Huazhen Cao, Huibin Zhang, Junfeng Kong, Weilun Qian, Anyang Tang, Wenyu Feng, Guoqu Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106298","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Owing to the characteristics of mineral paragenesis (equilibrium sequence of mineral phases), the hydrochloric acid leach liquors of Sn ores and Sn-containing waste materials typically contain large amounts of Pb. In this study, barium sulfate coprecipitation was employed to efficiently remove Pb from a tin chloride solution. The lead removal efficiency, reaction mechanism, and limitations were investigated by varying the Cl− and SO42− concentrations. The results showed that the structural formula of the precipitates was (BaxPby)(SO4)2 (x + y = 2), and its solubility product was in the range of 1 × 10−12–1 × 10−13, indicating that Pb2+ and Ba2+ were more easily precipitated in the form of complex salts. In addition, thermodynamic analysis revealed that when the Cl− concentration was <1 mol/L in the Pb2+–Sn2+–Cl−–H2O system, [Pb2+] and [PbCl+] were the primary species. These positively charged species were readily adsorbed onto the surface of BaSO4 via electrostatic forces, resulting in a significant increase in the Pb content of (BaxPby)(SO4)2. Therefore, the Pb removal efficiency significantly improved as Cl− concentration decreased. The lead removal mechanism involves a combination of adsorption and replacement processes. Based on the aforementioned fundamental study, a method involving dechlorination and coprecipitation was proposed to remove lead from an acid leaching solution of Kaldo slag. With the dechlorination via distillation, the Pb removal efficiency could reach 99.9% at 1 mol/L Cl− and 0.5 mol/L SO42−.</div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140276111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of sodium fluoride on the dissolution kinetics of metallic titanium in citric acid solution using the rotating disc method 利用转盘法研究氟化钠对柠檬酸溶液中金属钛溶解动力学的影响

IF 4.7 2区材料科学

Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106297

Mahmoud Motasim , Salih Aydoğan , Tevfik Agacayak , Yasin Ramazan Eker , Amin El-gak , Ahmed A.S. Seifelnassr

引用次数: 0

The impact of apatite on sulfuric acid baking of a monazite concentrate and the benefit of goethite addition on rare earth leaching 磷灰石对独居石精矿硫酸焙烧的影响以及添加鹅卵石对稀土沥滤的益处

IF 4.7 2区材料科学

Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106296

John Demol , Elizabeth Ho , Karin Soldenhoff , Gamini Senanayake

{"title":"The impact of apatite on sulfuric acid baking of a monazite concentrate and the benefit of goethite addition on rare earth leaching","authors":"John Demol , Elizabeth Ho , Karin Soldenhoff , Gamini Senanayake","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106296","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Sulfuric acid baking of monazite ((Ce,La,Th)PO4) bearing ores is one of the major processes used in commercial production of rare earth elements. In hydrothermal vein type rare earth deposits, apatite is often found together with monazite. Rare earth enriched fluorapatite ores may also contain significant amounts of rare earths hosted in monazite. An understanding of the effect of apatite on the sulfuric acid baking of monazite is therefore important for the development of effective sulfuric acid based treatment methods for such ores. In this work, the addition of a natural hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3(OH)) sample to a monazite acid bake followed by acid leach was investigated using a combination of chemical analyses, SEM-EDS, XRD and TG-DSC. Hydroxyapatite addition significantly decreased the dissolution of rare earth elements from monazite in the leach after baking at temperatures above 300 °C. For a bake temperature of 500 °C, the rare earth dissolution in the leach dropped from 80% for monazite alone, to 30% for a 1:1 (w/w) addition of hydroxyapatite. This decrease in rare earth leaching was attributed to the formation of an insoluble thorium and rare earth bearing polyphosphate. The rare earth elements were incorporated into this polyphosphate phase in preference to calcium. At 800 °C, monazite was re-formed, causing a further reduction in rare earth extraction, while simultaneous formation of calcium pyrophosphate (Ca2P2O7) led to an increase in calcium and phosphorus dissolution. The detrimental effect of apatite could be partially overcome by the addition of goethite. Addition of goethite to the acid bake of a monazite/apatite mixture at 500 °C improved the total rare earth dissolution from 29% to 85% in the subsequent leach. Results also demonstrated that the order of reactivity, in terms of formation of polyphosphates is Fe > REE > Ca.</div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140162220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of pretreatment methods on the selective leaching of rare earth elements from NdFeB permanent magnets using deep eutectic solvents 预处理方法对使用深共晶溶剂从钕铁硼永磁体中选择性沥滤稀土元素的影响

IF 4.7 2区材料科学

Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106284

Seojin Heo , Rina Kim , Ho-Sung Yoon , Chul-Joo Kim , Kyeong Woo Chung , Sujeong Lee

{"title":"Effect of pretreatment methods on the selective leaching of rare earth elements from NdFeB permanent magnets using deep eutectic solvents","authors":"Seojin Heo , Rina Kim , Ho-Sung Yoon , Chul-Joo Kim , Kyeong Woo Chung , Sujeong Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106284","url":null,"abstract":"<div>In this study, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were employed as environmentally friendly alternatives of inorganic acid to selectively leach REEs from waste NdFeB magnets. Three DESs were tested, effective for light REE leaching, and preliminary experiments were conducted to study the selective leaching of REEs, using synthetic materials, Nd2O3, Fe, Fe3O4, and Fe2O3. The findings suggest that neodymium and iron should exist as Nd2O3 and Fe2O3, respectively, for selective leaching. To enhance the selective leaching of the NdFeB magnet, three pretreatment methods were applied: oxidative roasting, NaOH digestion, and NaOH digestion-oxidative roasting. During the oxidative roasting, NdFeO3 was formed, and it hindered REE leaching, achieving the highest REE leaching efficiency of 22.5% in the guanidine hydrochloride (GUC)-lactic acid (LA) DES. To counteract NdFeO3 formation, the NaOH digestion was introduced, yielding Nd(OH)3 and Fe3O4. These were then converted to Nd2O3 and Fe2O3 through oxidative roasting. With the NaOH-digested product, selective REE leaching was achieved solely with the ethylene glycol (EG)-maleic acid (MA) DES, while it was feasible in all three DESs with the NaOH digestion-oxidative roasting. The EG-MA DES displayed the highest selectivity, with a leaching efficiency of 97.3% Nd and 0.8% Fe. Additionally, the solvent could be reused at least twice, and the leaching efficiencies of 97% for Nd and 0.7% for Fe were maintained. This selective leaching technique benefits from using environmentally friendly solvents compared to the traditional inorganic acid leaching and demonstrates high REE selectivity and solvent reusability, suggesting a novel method for REE recovery via DESs.</div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140138517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of zinc(II) and caustic content on the decomposition of sodium aluminate solutions and relevance to the Bayer process 锌（II）和苛性碱含量对铝酸钠溶液分解的影响以及与拜耳法的相关性

IF 4.7 2区材料科学

Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106287

Lei Xu , Wen-mi Chen , Yan-jun Zhang , Shang Fan , Jian-qing Pi , Ming-li Wang

{"title":"Effect of zinc(II) and caustic content on the decomposition of sodium aluminate solutions and relevance to the Bayer process","authors":"Lei Xu , Wen-mi Chen , Yan-jun Zhang , Shang Fan , Jian-qing Pi , Ming-li Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106287","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The impact of zinc (Zn) on the seed decomposition process of sodium aluminate solution at different caustic concentrations was investigated. The results showed that as the concentration of Zn(II) in sodium aluminate solution increased from 0 to 1000 mg/L, the decomposition efficiency of the solution and average grain size of the resulting aluminum tri-hydroxide (ATH) changed little at a caustic concentration of 141 g/L. At caustic concentrations of 160 g/L and 177 g/L, the decomposition efficiency increased from 35.8% and 21.6% to 40.6% and 24.9%, respectively, while average grain size of the ATH crystal seeds increased from 14.2 and 9.25 μm to 17.9 and 15.9 μm, respectively. The XRD, FT-IR, and SEM analyses showed that zinc can enter the ATH seeds and interact with the α-ATH crystal planes. It may also form interactions with the Al<img>O octahedral growth structure, thus promoting solution decomposition and influencing crystal growth. The research results will provide valuable references for improving the quality of alumina products.</div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140052558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extraction of gallium from carbon concentrate - Aluminum industry waste 从碳精矿中提取镓 - 铝工业废料

IF 4.7 2区材料科学

Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106289

Vladimir Losev , Olga Buyko , Alexander Shimanskii , Yakov Kazantsev , Sergey Metelitsa , Elena Borodina , Mingming Li

{"title":"Extraction of gallium from carbon concentrate - Aluminum industry waste","authors":"Vladimir Losev , Olga Buyko , Alexander Shimanskii , Yakov Kazantsev , Sergey Metelitsa , Elena Borodina , Mingming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106289","url":null,"abstract":"<div>A complex approach to the extraction of gallium from a carbon concentrate (CC), a waste product of the aluminum industry, was considered. Ashing of CC made it possible to remove the main component - carbon and obtain ash, which is an oxide mineral-like compound, from which gallium was leached with solutions of inorganic acids and their mixtures. The maximum degree of leaching (98%) of gallium was achieved with 6 M HCl for ash after ashing the CC at 600 °C. It was shown that Purolite anion exchangers with highly basic tertiary and quaternary ammonium base groups recovered gallium(III) from 2 to 10 M HCl, where the sorption equilibrium was attained after 60 min. The maximum extraction was observed from 6 M HCl. Under optimal conditions, the maximum sorption capacities for gallium(III) were achieved for Purolite A300 (2.7 mmol g−1) and Purolite A500 (2.2 mmol g−1) sorbents. Gallium(III) was quantitatively (99%) eluted from the sorbents with distilled water. Sorption of gallium(III) and its subsequent desorption with water made it possible to separate it from the predominant amounts of transition metal ions: Fe(III), Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II), V(V) and other cations: Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+. The addition of sodium hydroxide to the concentration of 200 g L−1 resulted in the cementation of gallium on aluminum gallama (liquid gallium‑aluminum alloy).</div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140092526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Separation of trace amount of nickel from cobalt sulphate solutions using a synergistic solvent extraction system consisting of dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid (DNNSA) and decyl 4-picolinate (4PC) 使用由二壬基萘磺酸（DNNSA）和 4-吡啶甲酸癸酯（4PC）组成的协同溶剂萃取系统从硫酸钴溶液中分离痕量镍

IF 4.7 2区材料科学

Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2024-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106288

Shiyu Xiao , Li Zeng , Xinsheng Wu , Wenjuan Guan , Yixiong Chen , Shengxi Wu , Qinggang Li , Zuoying Cao , Mingyu Wang , Guiqing Zhang

{"title":"Separation of trace amount of nickel from cobalt sulphate solutions using a synergistic solvent extraction system consisting of dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid (DNNSA) and decyl 4-picolinate (4PC)","authors":"Shiyu Xiao , Li Zeng , Xinsheng Wu , Wenjuan Guan , Yixiong Chen , Shengxi Wu , Qinggang Li , Zuoying Cao , Mingyu Wang , Guiqing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106288","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The current methods for separation of nickel from cobalt sulphate solutions have drawbacks of long flowsheets, release of large volumes of wastewater and incomplete separation of two metals. A synergistic solvent extraction (SSX) system consisting of dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid (DNNSA) and decyl 4-picolinate (4PC) is proposed in this work to extract nickel from cobalt sulphate solutions selectively. The extraction of nickel reached 99.7% after five-stage counter current extraction with an A/O volume ratio of 1/6 at 30 °C, resulting in a large increase of Co/Ni mass ratio to 25,700 in raffinate from 56 in feed. The loaded organic phase can be easily stripped using a dilute H2SO4 solution. Application of this process in industry is expected to make an important impact on the production of high-purity cobalt sulphate solutions and to deliver economic benefits.</div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140038131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of alkali metal nitrates on palladium dissolution in nitric acid solutions 碱金属硝酸盐对硝酸溶液中钯溶解的影响

IF 4.7 2区材料科学

Hydrometallurgy Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106285

Ming Tian , Zhanpeng Yan , Minghui Liu , Tianyan Xue , Ying Yu , Hui Zhang , Tao Qi

{"title":"Effect of alkali metal nitrates on palladium dissolution in nitric acid solutions","authors":"Ming Tian , Zhanpeng Yan , Minghui Liu , Tianyan Xue , Ying Yu , Hui Zhang , Tao Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106285","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Hydrometallurgical unit operations are typically used to recover palladium (Pd) from its ores and secondary resources with high selectivity owing to their low energy consumption, cost effectiveness, and volume flexibility. Herein, diluted HNO3 solutions with added nitrate salts were used to dissolve Pd powders. Moreover, solutions of nitrates with same valency cations (such as HNO3, LiNO3, NaNO3, KNO3, CsNO3, and NH4NO3) and same period cations (such as NaNO3, Mg(NO3)2, and Al(NO3)3) were used to reveal the involved beneficial effects of the nitrates on the Pd dissolution in an environment friendly way with low acidity of the solutions. Among all added alkali metal nitrates, LiNO3 resulted in the highest Pd dissolution efficiency, which was attributed to the higher dissociation constant of LiNO3, resulting in a higher concentration of free nitrate and hence a higher oxidation potential of the overall system. The dissolution process was systematically investigated to determine the optimal temperature (353 K), LiNO3 and HNO3 concentrations (6 and 1 mol L−1, respectively), stirring speed (500 rpm), and reaction time (5 h). These optimal conditions yielded a dissolution efficiency of 99.6%. Notably, as the reaction proceeded, the Pd powder surfaces corroded to form numerous holes, indicating that internal diffusion control also affected Pd dissolution.</div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139977183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0