Fitoterapia最新文献

{"title":"Experimental and computational approach to develop Rosmarinic acid against insulin resistance in the treatment of diabetes mellitus via PPAR-γ agonism","authors":"Haritha Harindranath ,&nbsp;Aishwarya Susil ,&nbsp;S. Rajeshwari ,&nbsp;Mahendran Sekar ,&nbsp;Saleem Javid ,&nbsp;Raghavendra Nulgumnalli Manjunathaiah ,&nbsp;Durgesh Paresh Bidye ,&nbsp;Antony Justin ,&nbsp;BR Prashantha Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>From past to the present, plants and trees have benefited humans in many ways. As technology advanced the biological properties of plants are much more explored especially by the pharma industry. Rosemary plant has gained attention as a phytoconstituent-rich herb that may help to manage diabetes mellitus (DM), however, exact mechanism of action is still unknown. Rosmarinic acid (RA), is a one of the important bioactive compounds found in rosemary. In this study, we have investigated RA and we synthesized its alkylated derivative (RAD) by blocking the free hydroxyl groups as a probe to investigate. RA was extracted, isolated, purified, and structurally characterized by IR, 1D &amp; 2D NMR, DEPT 135°, LC-MS/MS, similarly, RAD. In silico molecular docking studies indicated that both RA and RAD bind to PPAR-γ (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor) protein, however, RA showed superior binding affinity with free hydroxyl groups. MD simulation results demonstrated stability in terms of RMSD, RMSF and Protein-ligand interaction profiles. RA demonstrated promising antidiabetic activities via PPAR-γ agonism such as glucose uptake in cells (65 % for RA vs. 51 % for RAD) and enhanced lipid-lowering effects (71 % for RA vs. 48 % for RAD). The EC50 values of on target protein binding assays (via TR-FRET) also showed better results for RA (7.78 μM vs. 37.84 μM for RAD). The GLUT-4 expression assay demonstrated that anti-diabetic potential of RA in L6 cells, Standard pioglitazone and RA showed better GLUT-4 expression of 67.87 % &amp; 74.85 % compared to 51.83 % by RAD. The in silico studies have validated the biological studies. Altogether, we strategically isolated and elucidated mechanism for RA as a potential therapeutic in the treatment of DM via PPAR-γ agonism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106850"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four ambuic acid derivatives and one caryophyllene-type sesquiterpenoid from Pestalotiopsis chamaeropis","authors":"Hao Zheng,&nbsp;Qing Ting Zeng,&nbsp;Liuxuan Yao,&nbsp;Lan Wang,&nbsp;Tao Yuan,&nbsp;Nuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fourteen specialized metabolites, including four previously undescribed ambuic acid derivatives (compounds <strong>1–4</strong>) and an unreported caryophyllene-type sesquiterpenoid (compound <strong>5</strong>), were isolated and characterized from the endophytic fungus <em>Pestalotiopsis chamaeropis</em> associated with the medicinal plant <em>Artemisia selengensis</em>. Their structures were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis (NMR, HR-ESI-MS) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Anti-inflammatory activity screening against LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages revealed that only compound <strong>3</strong> exhibited moderate efficacy, with an IC₅₀ value of 19.7 ± 1.2 μM, whereas the remaining derivatives showed no significant activity at tested concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106852"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three undescribed Schinortriterpenoids from Schisandra chinensis and their neuroprotective effects","authors":"Yan-li Zhang ,&nbsp;Peng Jiang ,&nbsp;Wu-yan Chen ,&nbsp;Fan-ying Deng ,&nbsp;Shu-jun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu-meng Luo ,&nbsp;Wei Guan ,&nbsp;Yi-qiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Meng-meng Li ,&nbsp;Qing-shan Chen ,&nbsp;Li-li Zhang ,&nbsp;Hong-yan Yao ,&nbsp;Xiao-xue He ,&nbsp;Hai-xue Kuang ,&nbsp;Yan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three undescribed SNTs, schisaterpene S<img>U (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>3</strong>), were isolated from the extract of <em>Schisandra chinensis</em>. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of HR-ESI-MS, NMR data and ECD calculation. All compounds were evaluated for their Neuroprotective activity induced by MPP⁺ in SH-SY5Y cells. Notably, compounds <strong>1</strong>–<strong>3</strong> exhibited significant neuroprotective activity, with EC₅₀ values of 4.46 ± 0.30, 2.76 ± 0.09 and 3.99 ± 0.19 μM for SH-SY5Y cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106853"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory lathyrane diterpenoids from the aerial parts of Euphorbia wallichii","authors":"Ren-Fen Ma ,&nbsp;Xin-Cheng Zhuang ,&nbsp;Qian Wu ,&nbsp;Hua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An intensive phytochemical study on the aerial parts of <em>Euphorbia wallichii</em> afforded ten lathyrane-type diterpenoids, including six formerly unreported ones (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>4</strong>, <strong>6</strong> and <strong>8</strong>). Their structures were determined <em>via</em> comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, and the absolute stereochemistries were assigned on the basis of electronic circular dichroism technique. Among these diterpenoids, compound <strong>2</strong> exhibited the best inhibitory activity on NO production and its potential anti-inflammatory mechanism was then explored by network pharmacology analysis. Further experimental validation demonstrated that diterpenoid <strong>2</strong> could exert its anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing pro-inflammatory factors and modulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In short, the present work confirms the promising potential of <em>E. wallichii</em> as a source of natural anti-inflammatory agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106855"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effects of Yiqi Huoxue Huatan formula on atherosclerosis: An in vivo and in vitro study","authors":"Lu Li ,&nbsp;Yu Gao ,&nbsp;Lei Liao ,&nbsp;Qiuling Wu ,&nbsp;Yitong Hu ,&nbsp;Zilong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atherosclerosis (AS) is a significant pathological contributor to cardiovascular disease, marked by high rates of death and illness globally. Yiqi Huoxue Huatan formula (YHH), a Chinese traditional decoction, has been clinically validated as effective for patients with AS; however, its underlying mechanisms remain partially unexplained. The goal of this research is to understand the protective effects of YHH against AS and the mechanisms involved. <em>In vivo</em>, YHH was administered orally at 14.24 and 28.47 g/kg/day (raw medicinal herbs) to ApoE^−/− mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) to model AS. <em>In vitro</em>, RAW264.7 macrophages were exposed to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and YHH-conducting serum. The therapeutic effects of YHH were assessed using biochemical assays, histopathological observations, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Mass spectrometry, network pharmacology analyses, molecular docking, and western blotting were used to identify the primary components and anti-AS mechanisms of YHH. YHH significantly reduced AS development, as evidenced by decreased aortic plaque and lower blood lipid levels in HFD-induced AS mice. Meanwhile, YHH significantly decreased the increase in inflammatory cytokines in the supernatant of macrophages induced by ox-LDL. Mechanistic studies revealed that YHH significantly downregulated protein levels of TLR4, p-NF-κB, and HIF-1α. Moreover, molecular docking showed that key active compounds in YHH, including Gardenin A, isosinensetin, alisol B, 3′,4′,5′,5,7-pentamethoxyflavanone, and scutellarein, exhibited strong binding activity to the core targets. YHH emerges as a promising agent in ameliorating AS by reducing inflammatory responses, achieved <em>via</em> the downregulation of TLR4/NF-κB/HIF-1α signaling pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106849"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An undescribed phytyl melilotic acid ester and chromomoric acid derivatives from Artemisia anomala and their cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities","authors":"Jie Meng ,&nbsp;Lei Miao ,&nbsp;Shuang Yao ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Su ,&nbsp;Li Rao ,&nbsp;Guo-Li Li ,&nbsp;Chuan-Rui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract from <em>Artemisia anomala</em> twigs and leaves led to the isolation and structural elucidation of four previously unreported compounds, including a phytyl melilotic acid ester designated as artemanoin A (<strong>1</strong>), and three chromomoric acid derivatives named anomalones E <em>−</em> G (<strong>2</strong>–<strong>4</strong>). Their structures, including the absolute configurations, were unambiguously established through extensive spectroscopic characterization (HRESIMS, 1D/2D NMR) coupled with chemical derivatization study and quantum chemical calculations (including ECD, optical rotation and NMR computations). Notably, artemanoin A (<strong>1</strong>) represents an acyclic diterpenoid featuring an unusual ester linkage with melilotic acid, a structural motif rarely encountered in natural products. In biological evaluations, while none of the isolated compounds exhibited cytotoxic activity against the tested cancer cell lines at concentrations up to 50 μM, compounds <strong>2</strong>–<strong>4</strong> demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory potential, showing potent inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages with IC₅₀ values of 2.81–4.13 μM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106847"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undescribed prenylated anthraquinones from Asperula sintenisii Asch. Ex Bornm. with cytotoxic activities","authors":"Ceren Öztürk ,&nbsp;Başak Aru ,&nbsp;Milan Malaník ,&nbsp;Hasan Kırmızıbekmez","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two previously unreported anthraquinones, named sintenisiquinones A (<strong>1</strong>) and B (<strong>2</strong>), were isolated from the MeOH extract of <em>Asperula sintenisii</em> together with five iridoid glycosides, five flavonoids, as well as three phenolic acid derivatives. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D (¹H and ¹³C) and 2D (COSY, HSQC, and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy and HRESIMS. Compounds <strong>1</strong> and <strong>2</strong> represent rare type of anthraquinone derivatives bearing a prenyl group cyclized to dihydrofuran ring. The <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxic activities of selected compounds (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>3</strong>, <strong>5</strong>, <strong>7</strong>, <strong>11</strong>, <strong>12</strong> and <strong>15</strong>) were evaluated against SW480, DU145, MCF7, and A549 cancer cell lines as well as a healthy cell line, L929 by MTS assay. Compounds <strong>1</strong> and <strong>2</strong> displayed weak cytotoxicity compared to positive control, doxorubicin. This is the first phytochemical and bioactivity studies on <em>A. sintenisii</em>, an endemic species to Türkiye.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106845"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing pharmacological research of traditional Chinese medicine with single-cell omics technologies","authors":"Linya Wu ,&nbsp;Qifang Wu ,&nbsp;Xueting Du ,&nbsp;Menglai Ling ,&nbsp;Haibin Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) offers a holistic approach to healthcare, yet its modernization is hindered by the immense complexity of its multi-component formulations and multi-target mechanisms. Conventional bulk-level analyses fail to capture the cellular heterogeneity underlying TCM's therapeutic effects, resulting in a substantial gap between its empirical success and mechanistic understanding. This review aims to systematically summarize the applications of single-cell omics technologies (transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) in TCM pharmacological research. More importantly, we propose that these technologies represent a paradigm shift, providing an unprecedented high-resolution toolkit to deconstruct the holistic principles of TCM into the precise language of cellular and molecular biology. We highlight how single-cell omics are revolutionizing TCM research by: (1) identifying the specific cell subtypes targeted by active compounds and formulas; (2) elucidating the synergistic mechanisms of herbal combinations by revealing coordinated responses across different cell populations; (3) providing a cellular-level basis for TCM concepts such as organotropism and syndrome differentiation; and (4) revealing how TCM achieves homeostatic regulation by rebalancing entire cellular ecosystems. Single-cell omics technologies are powerful drivers for the modernization and globalization of TCM. By bridging the gap between holistic theory and cellular-level evidence, they not only validate the scientific basis of TCM but also pave the way for the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and the development of more precise, personalized treatment strategies. This review lays the groundwork for future breakthroughs, positioning single-cell omics as a cornerstone of next-generation TCM pharmacology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, processing, and applications of Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm.: A review","authors":"Xin-Rui Xu,&nbsp;Jing-Yuan Wang,&nbsp;Xing-Yu Wang,&nbsp;Hai-Zheng Bi,&nbsp;Qian-Xiang Bai,&nbsp;Meng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Cibotium barometz</em> (L.) J. Sm. (<em>C. barometz</em>), an ancient fern has a long history as a natural medicine in China, India, Vietnam, and other countries. In the traditional medical system, it is often used to treat bone pain, urinary system diseases, reproductive disorders, and so on. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current research on botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, processing, and applications of <em>C. barometz</em>. In addition, resource conservation, quality control, and perspectives for future research on <em>C. barometz</em> are also discussed. Recent phytochemical studies of <em>C. barometz</em> have shown that over 100 compounds have been isolated from the plant, including phenylpropanoids, polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, polysaccharides, and other compounds. Modern pharmacological studies have also confirmed that <em>C. barometz</em> has anti-osteoporosis activity, anti-microorganism activity, anti-osteoarthritis activity, anti-cancer activity, hepatoprotective activity, protective activity on muscle, alleviating Alzheimer's disease, and so on. As an important means of preclinical application, the type and content of the components contained in <em>C. barometz</em> changed significantly before and after processing, and the strength of its pharmacological activity also changed. Furthermore, it has many applications in the fields of compound preparations and biomedicine, which have great development potential. Nevertheless, there are also some research gaps in <em>C. barometz</em>. This review appeals for more studies on <em>C. barometz</em> to better understand its pharmacological mechanism and active substance basis. Besides, more research on resource conservation and quality control is also necessary to ensure its sustainable use and development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144894956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and nootropic activities in flavonoid-rich fractions derived from Clerodendrum infortunatum leaf and root extracts: A comparative analysis","authors":"Neelam Verma ,&nbsp;Satyawan Singh ,&nbsp;Amresh Gupta ,&nbsp;Amit Kishor Srivastava","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional medicine has long relied on plant-derived compounds, particularly flavonoids, for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. <em>Clerodendrum infortunatum</em>, an ethnomedicinally important plant, is rich in bioactive compounds and has shown hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects. The present study evaluated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and nootropic potential of flavonoid-rich extracts from the leaves (CILM) and roots (CIRM) of this plant. Methanolic extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening, determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and <em>in-vitro</em> assays for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The nootropic potential was assessed in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats using behavioral paradigms, biochemical markers of oxidative stress, and histopathological examination. Both extracts contained flavonoids, phenols, and related metabolites, with CILM showing higher phenolic (62.39 ± 1.25 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (42.58 ± 2.05 mg QE/g) contents than CIRM. Antioxidant assays demonstrated dose-dependent radical scavenging activity, with CILM exhibiting greater potency (IC50 = 66.44 μg/mL). <em>In-</em><em>vitro</em> anti-inflammatory testing revealed significant erythrocyte membrane stabilization, particularly with CILM (89.71 % protection at 400 μg/mL). Behavioral studies indicated that CILM (400 mg/kg) improved spatial memory and recognition performance comparable to Piracetam. Biochemical analysis confirmed reduced lipid peroxidation and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity, with CILM again showing superior efficacy. Histological evaluation supported these findings by demonstrating reduced neuronal degeneration and gliosis. Overall, methanolic extracts of <em>C. infortunatum</em>, especially from the leaves, displayed potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and nootropic effects, highlighting their therapeutic potential for managing oxidative stress and cognitive impairments associated with neurodegenerative disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106842"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144894960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}