Fitoterapia最新文献

{"title":"Metabolomic and cheminformatic study of Sida hyssopifolia: A first record of potential multi-target antidiabetic compounds and chemotaxonomic comparison with Sida glabra and Sida rhombifolia","authors":"Cecilia I. Mayo-Montor ,&nbsp;Juan F. Avellaneda-Tamayo ,&nbsp;Abraham Vidal-Limon ,&nbsp;Oscar Carmona-Hernández ,&nbsp;José Martín Barreda-Castillo ,&nbsp;Víctor Manuel Loyola-Vargas ,&nbsp;José L. Medina-Franco ,&nbsp;Juan L. Monribot-Villanueva ,&nbsp;José A. Guerrero-Analco","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Mexican cloud forest harbors an exceptional diversity of vascular plants, most of which remain unexplored. <em>Sida hyssopifolia</em> C.Presl (Malvaceae) is reported for the first time in this ecosystem and was chemically characterized in this study. <em>S. hyssopifolia</em> methanolic extract showed <em>in vitro</em> inhibitory activity to α-amylase (αA, IC₅₀ = 0.02 mg/mL), α-glucosidase (αG, IC₅₀ &lt; 1 × 10⁻⁶ mg/mL), and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV, IC₅₀ = 0.92 mg/mL), and low acute toxicity in the <em>Artemia salina</em> test (LC₅₀ = 1.33 mg/mL). Using UPLC-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics, 550 metabolites were putatively annotated (MSI-levels 2–4). Paired comparisons between <em>S. hyssopifolia vs. S. glabra</em> and <em>S. hyssopifolia vs. S. rhombifolia</em> allowed the identification of 54 metabolites as exclusively accumulated in <em>S. hyssopifolia</em> (fold change ≥2; <em>P ≤</em> 0.05). In addition, 18 metabolites were determined by OPLS-DA as the most important compounds in <em>S. hyssopifolia</em> compared to the related species (VIP-scores &gt;1). The Bemis-Murcko scaffold analysis revealed potential enrichment in flavonoid glycosides and triterpene-related metabolites. Additionally, by UPLC-MS/MS-based targeted metabolomics it was confirmed the differential accumulation of 19 phenolic compounds (MSI-level 1). Furthermore, 13 accumulated compounds of <em>S. hyssopifolia</em> (MSI-levels 1–2, fold change ≥2, <em>P ≤</em> 0.05) stood out since have been reported as αA, αG, and/or DPP-IV <em>in vitro</em> inhibitors. Integration of metabolomics and cheminformatics suggested <em>S. hyssopifolia</em> as a potential source of multi-target antidiabetic natural products. These findings provide insights into its chemotaxonomic character and underscore the significance of the Mexican cloud forest as a potential source of biologically active plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of phytochemical profile and traditional pharmacological activities of Fritillaria anhuiensis and five Chinese medicinal herbs Fritillariae Bulbus","authors":"Yufeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Zeqian Ma ,&nbsp;Lu Cheng ,&nbsp;Chengwu Fang ,&nbsp;Yuehao Zhu ,&nbsp;Shoujin Liu ,&nbsp;Han Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>More than two thousand years ago, the bulbs of vegetal species in the genus Fritillaria were used to relieve cough and expectoration, they are also used in clinical treatments for antitussive and expectoration and anti-inflammation due to their extensive pharmacological activities currently. This study aims to analyze the differences in bioactive characteristic metabolites and traditional pharmacological activity between <em>F. anhuiensis</em> and the other five types of Fritillaria species included in Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS was employed to acquire mass spectrometry data from six species of Fritillaria. Principal component analysis and multivariate statistical analysis were applied to compare the differences in bioactive characteristic components between <em>F. anhuiensis</em> and other Fritillaria species. For pharmacological evaluation, a mouse model was utilized to systematically assess the antitussive, expectorant, and anti-inflammatory effects of <em>F. anhuiensis</em> in comparison with other Fritillaria species, through ammonia-induced cough tests, tracheal phenol red excretion experiments, and auricle swelling assays.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 153 compounds were identified in six species of Fritillaria. Cluster analysis indicated that <em>F. anhuiensis</em> was segregated as a separate category. Comparative analysis revealed 28 differential metabolites in <em>F. anhuiensis</em> compared to other Fritillaria species, the number of alkaloid metabolites is the majority. In traditional pharmacological studies, <em>F. anhuiensis</em> exhibited antitussive effects comparable to that of <em>F. cirrhosa</em> and superior to that of other Fritillaria species. Its expectorant activity was comparable to that of <em>F. thunbergii</em> and more pronounced than that of other Fritillaria species. With regard to anti-inflammatory effects, <em>F. anhuiensis</em> demonstrated the most potent inhibition of xylene-induced auricle swelling and showed efficacy comparable to <em>F. cirrhosa</em> in reducing the levels of anti-inflammatory factors in the serum of mouse, significantly outperforming other species within the genus.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>In contrast to other Fritillaria species, <em>F. anhuiensis</em> presented specificity in its chemical characteristics and demonstrated excellent antitussive, expectorant, and anti-inflammatory effects in traditional pharmacological activity experiments. This study provides solid scientific evidence for the substitution of <em>F. anhuiensis</em> for other Fritillaria species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146043813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yiqi Huoxue formula attenuates pressure overload-induced chronic heart failure with insomnia via regulation of RORα-mediated mitochondrial fuction","authors":"Yangyang Lin ,&nbsp;Yangxian Chen ,&nbsp;Zhekai Huang ,&nbsp;Junping Kou ,&nbsp;Libao Rong ,&nbsp;Fang Li ,&nbsp;Lan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2026.107107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Yiqi Huoxue (YQHX) formula is an empirical prescription for the treatment of qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Qi deficiency and blood stasis is one of the typical TCM syndromes in heart failure. However, little is known about the mechanism of the YQHX formula in treating heart failure patients with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. This study aimed to systematically investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of YQHX formula in heart failure with comorbid insomnia. HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis identified twenty-one bioactive components in the YQHX formula, including caffeic acid, hydroxysafflor yellow A, and salvianolic acid B. Research results in vivo revealed that treatment with YQHX formula significantly improved cardiac function and alleviated myocardial injury in the mice model of TAC-induced HF. Meanwhile, YQHX formula effectively suppressed pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and significantly ameliorated insomnia and anxiety-like behaviors through modulation of neurotransmitter systems. Mechanistically, YQHX formula upregulated RORα expression, thereby facilitating mitophagy and restoring mitochondrial dynamics homeostasis. Consistent with these in vivo findings, in vitro experiments demonstrated that YQHX formula markedly inhibited Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and preserved mitochondrial structural integrity. Our findings identify the promotion of the RORα pathway as the underlying mechanism through which the YQHX formula alleviates heart failure and comorbid insomnia, offering new insights into the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases accompanied by sleep disturbances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 107107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ginkgo biloba leaf alleviates bronchial asthma via the TAS2Rs/Gβγ/SERCA signaling pathway","authors":"Yue Ren ,&nbsp;Kaiyang Liu ,&nbsp;Yanxia Liu ,&nbsp;Yanling Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bronchial asthma, a multifaceted disease involving multiple cellular components, including airway epithelial cells, mast cells, and airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC). Our previous research has highlighted the crucial role of taste type 2 receptors (TAS2Rs) in alleviating airway inflammation, allergic responses, and abnormal ASMC proliferation in bronchial asthma. <em>Ginkgo Biloba</em> leaf, a traditional Chinese medicine with bitter properties, has demonstrated potential therapeutic value in bronchial asthma. The current study aimed to investigate the critical role of TAS2Rs in the alleviation of bronchial asthma by <em>G. biloba</em> leaf. In vitro cellular experiments revealed that the aqueous decoction of <em>G. biloba</em> leaf (GBLAD) significantly inhibits 16HBE inflammatory responses (assessed by LDH and TNF), RBL-2H3 degranulation (including IL-3, MCP-1, calcium influx, and F-actin reorganization), and ASMC proliferation (encompassing cell cycle and migration). Intracellular calcium assays revealed that GBLAD selectively activates TAS2R4, 14, and 38 receptors. Subsequent investigation revealed that blocking the Gβγ signaling pathway, specifically targeting SERCA, resulted in a marked reduction in the ability of GBLAD to stimulate TAS2Rs and its effectiveness in alleviating asthma. UPLC-Q-Exactive MS identified bilobalide, kaempferol, and quercetin as potential bioactive compounds that activate TAS2Rs to inhibit epithelial inflammation, cell degranulation, and ASMC proliferation. Notably, the downstream mechanisms of the compounds align with the overall action of <em>G. biloba</em> leaf, involving SERCA in the Gβγ pathway. Our findings provide significant insights and a theoretical framework for the application of <em>G. biloba</em> leaf in the treatment of bronchial asthma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145596389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radicicol - A multifaceted natural product with promising anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities: Insights into its mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives","authors":"Hagar M. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Tasnim O. Elsammani ,&nbsp;Abdelsattar M. Omar ,&nbsp;Gamal A. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Hossam M. Abdallah ,&nbsp;Ola Marwan Abdulaal ,&nbsp;Sabrin R.M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radicicol (RAD) is a 14-membered resorcylic acid lactone biosynthesized mainly by fungi, originally known as an antifungal antibiotic and later as a potent Hsp90 (heat shock protein 90) inhibitor with diverse bioactivities. The current work aimed to provide a comprehensive review of RAD, including its pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action, as well as its sources, biosynthesis, isolation, and characterization. RAD possessed potent anticancer activity mediated by high-affinity inhibition of Hsp90. By disrupting the stability of oncogenic client proteins such as Raf-1, HER2, and Akt, RAD modulated key signaling pathways, induced apoptosis, and suppressed tumor progression. It also augmented the efficacy of chemotherapeutics and radiotherapy and targeted additional enzymes like ATP citrate lyase and topoisomerase II. Additionally, it demonstrated notable anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antiparasitic, antifungal, and antiviral capacities. These findings highlight RAD's significance as a multifunctional therapeutic scaffold for treating cancer and other disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145548881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromone derivative with a spiro[chromene-5,2′-furan] ring and sesquiterpenoids from the marine algicolous Trichoderma asperellum Z54–7","authors":"Zhen-Zhen Shi ,&nbsp;Yin-Ping Song ,&nbsp;Xiu-Li Yin ,&nbsp;Nai-Yun Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel chromone derivative with a unique carbon skeleton, trichochromone A (<strong>1</strong>), a new trichothecene sesquiterpenoid, trichodermarin O (<strong>2</strong>), and two new farnesane-type sesquiterpenoids, trichodersanins A and B (<strong>3</strong> and <strong>4</strong>), were isolated from the fungus <em>Trichoderma asperellum</em> Z54–7 obtained from the surface of marine red alga <em>Hyalosiphonia caespitosa</em>. Their structures and configurations were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Trichochromone A (<strong>1</strong>) features a spiro[chromene-5,2′-furan] ring. Trichodermarin O (<strong>2</strong>) is the second trichothecene derivative with an aminosugar unit. Compounds <strong>1</strong> and <strong>3</strong>/<strong>4</strong> exhibited weak inhibition against one marine phytoplankton species, <em>Chattonella marina</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106985"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145502985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The multifaceted properties of manna in skin wound healing include the enhancement of cell motility and differentiation, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions","authors":"Raffaella Belvedere ,&nbsp;Nunzia Novizio ,&nbsp;Mariangela Palazzo ,&nbsp;Mussa Makran ,&nbsp;Antonio Cilla ,&nbsp;Alessandro Attanzio ,&nbsp;Antonello Petrella","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Manna is a natural substance exuded from the trunk and branches of certain <em>Fraxinus</em> species, primarily from <em>Fraxinus ornus</em> L. and <em>Fraxinus angustifolia</em> Vahl. The manna here used was predominantly obtained from <em>F. angustifolia</em>. It has gained attention for its potential pharmaceutical applications mainly for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This in vitro study investigates the talented properties of manna in promoting skin regeneration. We used HaCaT, BJ, HUVEC and THP-1 cells to evaluate manna's effects on cell activation in terms of motility, differentiation with oxidative and inflammatory responses. In detail, we demonstrated that manna enhanced the migration and invasion of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, as key players in the wound healing process. Manna also exerted significant antioxidant activity on all these cells, by protecting them from hydrogen peroxide stress. Additionally, it induced angiogenesis by activating endothelial cells. The beneficial effects of manna are further promoted by favoring the differentiation of the analyzed cells through the regulation of levels of protein markers as cytokeratin 10 and involucrin on keratinocytes, vinculin and fibroblasts activated protein-1α on fibroblasts and CD31 on endothelial cells. It was also revealed that manna retained anti-inflammatory effects, by reducing the polarization of human macrophages in M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype and inhibiting the phosphorylation of NF-kB after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide/interferon-γ, thus further supporting the healing process. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex role of manna in the different stages intervening in the skin wound healing, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent in regenerative medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106994"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Tetradium ruticarpum–Zingiber officinale Roscoe herb pair inhibits atherogenic events: A study of the synergistic effects and active ingredient combination of a two-herb formula","authors":"Chenglin Chi,&nbsp;Xiaoli Yang,&nbsp;Can Li,&nbsp;Zongchao Li,&nbsp;Shufang Yang,&nbsp;Yuan Du,&nbsp;Weizhen Huang,&nbsp;Rongxia Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>Tetradium ruticarpum</em> (E)–<em>Zingiber officinale Roscoe</em> (Z) herb pair is a well-known herbal formulation with multiple beneficial cardiovascular pharmacological activities. Therefore, E and Z are potentially natural products for Atherosclerosis (AS). However, it is not clear whether E and Z work synergistically in the treatment of AS and which of their components is responsible. This study was to determine the synergistic effect of E and Z in the treatment of AS, to identify the active ingredient combination (AIC) that exerts the action of the original formula and to determine its molecular mechanism. First, the combined effects of E and Z were assessed in an ApoE^−/− mouse model and then confirmed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by the combination index (CI). In addition, the AIC of <em>E</em>-Z was evaluated by cascade analysis and its efficacy was confirmed in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that both E, Z and <em>E</em>-Z had anti-AS effects in ApoE^−/− mice, with E-Z having the most significant effect. Moreover, the CI method demonstrated that E, Z could synergistically inhibit the proliferation of VSMCs. In addition, the AICs obtained by the cascade analysis strategy effectively inhibited VSMCs proliferation in vitro and significantly reduced the formation of neoplastic endothelium in mice in vivo. This inhibitory effect was associated with the reduction of ROS levels and activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in VSMCs. This study provides an effective method for characterizing herbal combinations, exploring their active ingredients, and promoting efficacy-based herbal quality control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145721972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioprospecting and exploration of the chemical profile of Lasiodiplodia sp. extracts: Evaluation of specialized metabolites by similarity calculations, and dereplication with differential 1H NMR","authors":"Lucas Silva Tironi ,&nbsp;Johan Mateo Rios Marin ,&nbsp;Omar Cabezas Gómez ,&nbsp;Antonio Gilberto Ferreira ,&nbsp;Jan Schripsema ,&nbsp;Jaine Honorata Hortolan Luiz","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Endophytic fungi are well known for producing a wide variety of specialized metabolites, often characterized by complex and diverse chemical structures. In this study, the differential ¹H NMR technique was used as an innovative tool for dereplication and for supporting compound identification in complex mixtures, complemented by similarity calculations developed to evaluate the similarity of the chemical profiles of the extracts obtained over consecutive cultivation days of <em>Lasiodiplodia</em> sp. One-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR analyses of the POLd-14 extract and MLd-1 to MLd-3 subfractions led to the identification of known compounds: 3-carboxy-2-methylene-4-heptanolide (<strong>1</strong>) and decumbic acid (<strong>2</strong>) in POLd-14; indole-3-carboxylic acid (<strong>3</strong>) in MLd-1 and MLd-3; 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (<strong>4</strong>) and 4-hydroxymellein (<strong>5</strong>) in MLd-1; and 4-hydroxyphenylacetamide (<strong>6</strong>) in MLd-2. Differential ¹H NMR enabled the unequivocal identification of compounds (<strong>1</strong>) and (<strong>2</strong>). These results contribute to bioprospecting and to a better understanding of the metabolite diversity of <em>Lasiodiplodia</em> sp. under varying culture conditions, including diferences in carbon and nitrogen sources, cultivation periods, and extraction methods. The study also underscore the potential of <em>Lasiodiplodia</em> sp. endophyte as an alternative source of bioactive metabolites with pharmacological relevance, which can be cultivated under different conditions guiding the production of different specialized metabolites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145721895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal activity of Eugenia dysenterica (Mart.) DC. (Myrtaceae) alone or in combination with antifungal agents against Candida (Candidozyma) auris","authors":"Gabriel Henrique Rodrigues da Cruz ,&nbsp;Fabíola Lucini ,&nbsp;Gabriel Vichoski Santos ,&nbsp;Rafael Cardoso Rial ,&nbsp;Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso ,&nbsp;Simone Simionatto ,&nbsp;Luana Rossato","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.107004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Candida</em> (<em>Candidozyma</em>) <em>auris</em> is a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen associated with high mortality and limited treatment options. <em>Eugenia dysenterica</em>, a medicinal plant from the Brazilian Cerrado traditionally used for gastrointestinal ailments, is rich in bioactive phenolics with potential therapeutic applications. To evaluate the chemical composition, antifungal activity, mechanisms of action, and <em>in vivo</em> effects of ethanolic leaf extract of <em>E. dysenterica</em> (Ed-EE) against <em>C. auris</em>. Ed-EE was analyzed for phenolic and flavonoid content. Its antifungal activity and interactions with amphotericin B (AmB) and fluconazole (FLC) were tested using microdilution and checkerboard assays. Mechanisms of action were explored through membrane integrity and efflux pump inhibition assays. Hemolysis assay was performed to assess hemocompatibility<em>. In vivo</em> toxicity and efficacy were evaluated using <em>Tenebrio molitor</em> larvae. Ed-EE exhibited fungistatic activity against <em>C. auris</em>, with a MIC of 32 μg/mL. When combined with AmB, a synergistic effect was observed (FICI = 0.5), reducing the MICs to 8 μg/mL for Ed-EE and 0.5 μg/mL for AmB. Mechanistic assays indicated moderate membrane disruption and efflux pump inhibition. Hemolysis and <em>in vivo</em> assays using <em>T. molitor</em> larvae showed survival rates above 80 %, confirming low toxicity. However, Ed-EE did not significantly inhibit biofilm formation at tested concentrations. Ed-EE exhibits promising antifungal activity against <em>C. auris</em>, particularly in synergy with AmB, and demonstrates a favorable safety profile as potential adjuvant therapy for resistant fungal infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107004"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145631608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}