Fitoterapia最新文献

{"title":"Health risks and toxicity mechanisms of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs): A comprehensive review of adverse effects on organ systems, genotoxicity and reproductive toxicity","authors":"Said Ezrari ,&nbsp;Zineb Ben Khadda ,&nbsp;Abdellatif Boutagayout ,&nbsp;Mariyem Rehali ,&nbsp;Hayat Jaadan ,&nbsp;Zakariae El Housni ,&nbsp;Amine Khoulati ,&nbsp;Abderrazak Saddari ,&nbsp;Adil Maleb","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) requires careful evaluation due to their potential effects on human health. Assessing the risks, including toxicity and adverse effects, is essential to ensure their safe application. Our bibliometric analysis revealed a high prevalence of research focusing on MAPs' health impacts, with frequent mentions of “side effects” and “toxicity,” emphasizing the need for further investigation into their active ingredients and mechanisms of action. The potential health effects of MAPs have been documented across various organ systems, including gastrointestinal (vomiting and diarrhea), renal (nephrotoxicity), hepatic (hepatotoxicity), and neurological (neurotoxicity). These effects arise from interactions between plant compounds and metabolic enzymes, cellular receptors, and signaling pathways, potentially leading to toxicity. The mechanisms discussed include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibition of metabolic enzymes, DNA damage (genotoxicity), and endocrine disruption, which may explain the diverse observed toxicological profiles. This review highlights the complex relationship between botanical substances and human health, integrating current applications while raising awareness of associated risks. It also underscores the importance of strict regulations and responsible use to ensure the safe and effective integration of MAPs into healthcare practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on the safety and irritability of eco-friendly extracts of Pterocaulon balansae Chodat (Asteraceae) standardized in coumarins aiming at topical application","authors":"Nathalya Tesch Brazil ,&nbsp;Nicolly Espíndola Gelsleichter ,&nbsp;Gabriela Nogueira Debom ,&nbsp;Thassia Oliveira Lemos ,&nbsp;Patrícia Weimer ,&nbsp;Keli Cristine Reiter ,&nbsp;Flávia Nathiely Silveira Fachel ,&nbsp;Roselena Silvestri Schuh ,&nbsp;Bruna Medeiros-Neves ,&nbsp;Eduardo Cassel ,&nbsp;Rubem Mario Figueiró Vargas ,&nbsp;Fernanda Brião Menezes Boaretto ,&nbsp;Jaqueline Nascimento Picada ,&nbsp;Elizandra Braganhol ,&nbsp;Gilsane Lino von Poser ,&nbsp;Helder Ferreira Teixeira","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Species of <em>Pterocaulon</em> (Asteraceae) genus have been used in folk medicine to treat skin diseases of different origins. However, only few studies evaluated the toxicity of species of this genus. This study aims to evaluate the safety and irritability of <em>Pterocaulon balansae</em> extracts intended for topical application. Three extracts of <em>P. balansae</em> - aqueous, hydroalcoholic and CO₂ supercritical - were prepared and standardized in coumarins by ultra-fast liquid chromatography. The toxicity profile and cell death mechanism were evaluated in keratinocytes and fibroblasts, the irritability through the hen's egg test on the chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM), and the mutagenicity by <em>Salmonella</em>/microsome test. The coumarin profile was similar in all extracts with a higher coumarin content for the supercritical CO₂ extract. Whatever the extract, a reduction in viability and proliferation was observed in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (MRC5) by MTT and SRB at the concentrations of coumarins &gt;12.5 μg/mL. Flow cytometry with annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining indicated necrosis as the main mechanism of cell death. The HET-CAM assay showed that extracts were non-irritating at concentrations up to 25 μg/mL of coumarins, but the CO₂ supercritical extract was highly irritating at 100 μg/mL. Such extract also exhibited the highest mutagenicity in the Ames test, even after metabolic activation, which may be related to its elevated levels of two key coumarins: 5-methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxy coumarin and 5,6-dimethoxy-7-(2′,3′-epoxy-3′-methylbutyloxy) coumarin. These findings suggest that the concentration and composition of coumarins in <em>P. balansae</em> extracts influence their toxicity, providing insights regarding its safety for developing coumarin-based skin treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144110126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial for the special issue “100th birthday of Fitoterapia”","authors":"Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106628","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical profile of bioactive Siraitia grosvenorii root fraction and its potential against nonsmall cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Yulu Wei ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Jiang ,&nbsp;Jingru Song ,&nbsp;Xiaojie Yan ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Fei Dong ,&nbsp;Dianpeng Li ,&nbsp;Hongwei Liu ,&nbsp;Fenglai Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Siraitia grosvenorii</em> (Swingle) C. Jeffrey (SG) is an edible medicinal plant traditionally used to alleviate pulmonary and intestinal diseases in China. Rising demand for SG has led to significant generation of discarded SG roots (SGRs), while previous studies have shown that SGR extract possesses antiproliferative activity against cancer cells. However, its therapeutic potential for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and underlying molecular mechanisms remain uncharacterized. In this study, liquid chromatography ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis identified 26 constituents from the active fraction of SGR (SGR2), predominantly categorized as cucurbitane or nor-cucurbitane triterpenoids and their glycosides. SGR2 inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In a xenograft tumor model, low-dose SGR2 treatment significantly suppressed tumor growth while exhibiting no observable adverse effects. RNA-seq analysis revealed that SGR2 impacted multiple targets and key pathways relevant to cancer therapy, notably including the JAK/STAT pathway. Western blotting analysis confirmed that SGR2 inhibited the JAK2/STAT3 pathway by reducing phosphorylation expression of JAK2 and STAT3 in both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> models, and molecular docking studies demonstrated strong binding affinities between active compounds and key target proteins. These findings underscore the remarkable efficacy of SG byproducts and demonstrate their potential applications in NSCLC treatment. The results also contribute to the enhanced productivity and sustainability of SG cultivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial efficacy of viridicatol derived from P. crustosum S14 against MRSA: Mechanistic insights from a comprehensive multi-omics analysis","authors":"Jiwen Wang ,&nbsp;Yajing He ,&nbsp;Mengqun Liu ,&nbsp;Hanxiang Jiang ,&nbsp;Dong Feng ,&nbsp;Xinna Liu ,&nbsp;Junbiao Yang ,&nbsp;Xuzhe Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhilong An ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Lu ,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Jia ,&nbsp;Chun Ge ,&nbsp;Ying Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) presents a formidable challenge to public health, necessitating alternative strategies to address the superbug-related infections. This study systematically evaluates the antibacterial efficacy of Viridicatol, a compound isolated from the fermentation products of <em>Penicillium crustosum</em> derived from marine. Special emphasis was placed on its potent activity against MRSA USA300. Through a comprehensive suite of morphological, biophenotypic, genomic, and metabolomic analyses, we elucidate the mechanisms of action of this agent. Our findings reveal that Viridicatol exhibits significant bactericidal effects, primarily through the disruption of bacterial structural integrity and the induction of severe intracellular metabolic disturbances. These effects were further corroborated in an animal full-thickness wound infection model. Our study provides both a foundational understanding and mechanistic insight into Viridicatol, while also shedding light on the clinical control and management of MRSA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106622"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zanthoxylum alkylamides improves hepatic glucose metabolism by regulating gut microbiota in STZ-induced T2DM rats","authors":"Xiaowei Peng ,&nbsp;Bing Yang ,&nbsp;Xunyu Wei ,&nbsp;Lu Wang ,&nbsp;Jianquan Kan","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The observed beneficial impact of <em>Zanthoxylum</em> alkylamides (ZA) in addressing Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suggests a potential association with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and gut microbial composition. This study systematically investigated the influence of ZA on the organ index, c-peptide and lipid levels, gut microbiota composition, SCFAs production, and hepatic glucose metabolism in T2DM rats. The results indicate the success of ZA in treating T2DM rats characterized by hepatomegaly, nephromegaly, elevated blood lipids, and suppressed c-peptide levels. Following ZA intervention, the capacity of T2DM rats to produce SCFAs was not only restored but exceeded normal levels. Additionally, there was an augmentation in gut bacteria diversity, with a heightened abundance of <em>Proteobacteria</em> and an elevated <em>Firmicutes</em>/<em>Bacteroidetes</em> ratio. Conversely, a reduction in <em>Actinobacteria</em> abundance was noted. Importantly, ZA demonstrated the ability to regulate insulin activity and alleviate T2DM by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in the liver of rats. In summary, our research reveals promising avenues for managing T2DM, encompassing diagnostic, therapeutic, monitoring, and drug discovery methodologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ganoderma lucidum extract reduces skin aging by reducing mitochondrial stress and controlling mitochondrial numbers","authors":"Han Wang ,&nbsp;Meiling Tai ,&nbsp;Wanzhao Li ,&nbsp;Yawen Li ,&nbsp;Zhimeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongli Zhang ,&nbsp;Lishe Gan ,&nbsp;Junhao Li ,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Song ,&nbsp;Honghong Qiu ,&nbsp;Manmei Li ,&nbsp;Heyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the important signs of cellular and even individual aging. <em>Ganoderma lucidum</em> is a common edible and medicinal mushroom, widely used as a functional food in Asia. This study investigated the potential anti-aging effects of <em>Ganoderma lucidum</em> extract (GLE). Our results demonstrated that GLE alleviated cellular oxidative stress, reduced the abnormal increase of mitochondrial ROS in aging cells, and maintained mitochondrial membrane integrity and inner membrane potential. Additionally, GLE affected mitochondrial biogenesis in aging cells. In a murine photoaging model, GLE treatment mitigated UVA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction while markedly attenuating UVA-triggered epidermal thickening and dermal protein depletion. These properties may be interrelated with the presence of abundant triterpenoids identified by LC-MS analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined network pharmacology and metabolomics reveal that Rubia cordifolia L. ameliorates exhaustive exercise-induced myocardial injury in rats via the BCAA degradation pathway","authors":"Xueyu Niu ,&nbsp;Jia Deng ,&nbsp;Yan Zhao ,&nbsp;Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Ziqi Wang ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Kan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Rubia cordifolia</em> L. (RCL) is a widely used medicinal with a long history. It exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and prevents apoptosis. While there is growing evidence that exhausted exercise (EE) might cause cardiac damage, RCL has been shown to provide cardioprotective effects. The effects and mechanisms of RCL on exercise-induced myocardial injury remain unclear. In this study, we tested the RCL extract using a rat model of exhausted swimming. We evaluated the therapeutic effect of RCL on exercise-induced myocardial damage using PCR, ELISA, hematoxylin-eosin (H&amp;E) staining, DHE staining, and other methods. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was employed to identify the components of the RCL extract and its blood-entry components, and network pharmacology was constructed. LC-MS was utilized to investigate left ventricular metabolomics. These two approaches were combined to predict the possible metabolic pathways regulated by RCL. Finally, the targets of the metabolic pathway were verified using molecular docking and western blot analysis. The findings suggest that rubioncolin B, 4-hydroxy-2-carbexyanthraquinone, and 9-Oxo-9H-xanthene-4-carboxylic acid may be the primary active compounds of RCL. RCL promotes the degradation pathway of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), including valine, leucine, and isoleucine, regulates the proteins BCAT2 and BCKDK, reduces pathological injuries, inflammation, oxidative stress, and collagen deposition, and mitigates the effects of exhaustion-induced myocardial injuries by influencing the key target AKR1C1 and the metabolite L-Valine. This study provides a foundation for the development of RCL as a sports supplement to alleviate EE-induced myocardial injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106617"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WITHDRAWN: Integrating serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology to explore the potential mechanisms of Xianshen formula in the prevention of exercise-induced fatigue.","authors":"Qiwen Xuan, Yi Ruan, Zifei Yin, Wei Gu, Changquan Ling","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor due to an error in the publishing process. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies-and-standards/article-withdrawal.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":" ","pages":"106621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiviral activity against HSV-1 of triterpene saponins from Anagallis arvensis is related tothe fusion-inhibitory activity of desglucoanagalloside B","authors":"Nica Classen ,&nbsp;Jandirk Sendker ,&nbsp;Diana Ulrich ,&nbsp;Michael Schöfbänker ,&nbsp;Eike R. Hrincius ,&nbsp;Stephan Ludwig ,&nbsp;Alexander Weng ,&nbsp;Matthias Melzig ,&nbsp;Joachim Kühn ,&nbsp;Andreas Hensel","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The identification of antiviral natural products as new lead structures has become a major task in medical science. Especially saponins have gained high interest for their antiviral activity. Antiviral effects of the saponin-containing plant <em>Anagallis arvensis</em>, widely used in traditional medicine, have been described, while mode of action or detailed phytochemical and functional investigations are still missing. A saponin enriched extract (AAS) from the aerial material of <em>A. arvensis</em> was characterized in detail by LC-HRMS, indicating the presence of a complex mixture of triterpene saponins and flavonoid glycosides. Plaque assays with <em>Herpes simplex</em> virus 1 (HSV-1) on Vero cells indicated strong inhibition of viral spread after infection of the host cells, resulting in reduced plaque size. The strongest effect was achieved by treating host cells post infection, which points towards an interference with the viral post-entry step. Using a specific HSV-1 fusion assay, AAS was shown to inhibit HSV-1 glycoprotein-mediated cell fusion at &gt;2 μg/mL. Bioassay-guided fractionation of AAS yielded one active subfraction, which significantly reduced HSV-1 plaque size on Vero cells. The membrane-fusion inhibiting effect was correlated to the presence of desglucoanagalloside B <strong>9</strong>. Interestingly, this compound was also detected in relevant amounts in herbal preparations from traditional medicine, which again could rationalize the use of <em>A. arvensis</em> as antiviral remedy in folk medicine. Relevant antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 was not detected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}