Domestic animal endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Relationship among cattle breed and anabolic implant protocol relative to feedlot performance: Growth, temperament, feeding behavior, carcass traits, and economic return","authors":"C.C. Reichhardt ,&nbsp;S.A. Bayles ,&nbsp;R. Feuz ,&nbsp;L.A. Motsinger ,&nbsp;A.F. Alberto ,&nbsp;L.L. Okamoto ,&nbsp;B.L. Brown ,&nbsp;R.K. Briggs ,&nbsp;B.W. Roholt ,&nbsp;B.R. Bowman ,&nbsp;R. Larsen ,&nbsp;M.D. Garcia ,&nbsp;K.J. Thornton","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent research has suggested that different cattle breed types may respond differently to anabolic implant protocols of varying intensity. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to compare anabolic implant protocols in feedlot steers of 2 different breed types. Sixty steers were stratified by weight and breed in a 2 × 3 factorial design examining 2 different breeds: Angus (AN; n=38) or Santa Gertrudis influenced (SG; n=22), and 3 implant strategies: no implant (CON; n=20), a moderate intensity implant protocol (d0 implant: Revalor-G, d56 implant: Revalor-IS, d112 implant: Revalor-S; MI; n=20), or a high intensity implant protocol (d0 implant: Revalor-IS, d56 implant: Revalor-S, d112 implant: Revalor-200; HI; n=20). Steers were randomly placed into pens equipped with GrowSafe bunks to collect dry matter intake and feeding behavior. All animals were fed the same diet. Weight, chute score, exit velocity, serum, rectal temperature, hip height and 12th rib fat thickness were collected approximately every 28 d over a 196 d period. Serum urea nitrogen (SUN) was evaluated as well. Total average daily gain was increased (<em>P &lt; 0.0001</em>) in both the HI and MI steers compared to the CON steers by 29.4% and 26%, respectively. A treatment × breed interaction was observed (<em>P &lt; 0.0001</em>) for hip height, with AN-CON steers being shorter (<em>P &lt; 0.0007</em>) than AN-HI, SG-CON, SG-MI, and SG-HI steers. A breed × treatment interaction was observed (<em>P &lt; 0.004</em>) for chute score and rectal temperature, with SG-HI and SG-MI steers having increased chute scores (<em>P &lt; 0.001</em>) when compared to AN-HI, AN-MI, AN-CON, and SG-CON throughout the course of the trial. Additionally, SG-HI and SG-MI steers had an increased rectal temperature (<em>P &lt; 0.004</em>) compared to AN-HI, AN-MI, AN-CON, and SG-CON steers. A breed effect was observed (<em>P = 0.002</em>) for SUN with AN steers having increased (<em>P = 0.002</em>) SUN concentration compared to SG sired steers, in addition to a treatment effect (<em>P &lt; 0.0001</em>), with CON steers having a higher (<em>P &lt; 0.0001</em>) SUN concentration than MI and HI steers, regardless of breed. The MI implant protocol increased net return per head, on average, by $97.28, regardless of breed, while the HI implant protocol increased net return by only $80.84. Taken together, despite the cattle breed types responding differently to the different anabolic implant protocols at times, a moderate intensity anabolic implant protocol was optimal in this experiment for steers raised in a temperate climate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10083710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA miR-152 can support ovarian granulosa cell functions and modify apigenin actions","authors":"Z. Fabová ,&nbsp;Z. Kislíková ,&nbsp;B. Loncová ,&nbsp;M. Bauer ,&nbsp;A.H. Harrath ,&nbsp;A.V. Sirotkin","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study aimed to evaluate the involvement of apigenin, microRNA (miR)-152, and their interrelationships in the control of basic ovarian granulosa cell functions. The effects of apigenin (0, 10, and 100 µg/mL), miR-152 analogues or miR-152 inhibitor, and their combinations with apigenin on porcine granulosa cells were examined. Expression levels of miR-152, viability, proliferation, apoptosis, steroid hormones, IGF-I, oxytocin, and prostaglandin E2 release were analyzed. Apigenin increased the expression of miR-152, cell proliferation, and estradiol release and reduced apoptosis, progesterone, and IGF-I output. MicroRNA-152 analogues promoted cell viability and proliferation, as well as the release of progesterone, IGF-I, oxytocin, and prostaglandin E2; however, it inhibited apoptosis and estradiol output. miR-152 inhibitor had the opposite effect. Moreover, miR-152 analogues suppressed the effect of apigenin on cell apoptosis and estradiol release. These observations 1) confirm the involvement of apigenin in the control of basic ovarian cell functions; 2) are the first demonstration of importance of miR-152 in the control of these functions; 3) show the ability of apigenin to promote miR-152 expression and the ability of miR-152 to modify apigenin effects on ovarian cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106805"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10017583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hair cortisol concentration in postpartum dairy cows and its association with parameters of milk production","authors":"Winfried Otten ,&nbsp;Susen Heimbürge ,&nbsp;Armin Tuchscherer ,&nbsp;Ellen Kanitz","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is considered as an indicator for a minimally invasive assessment of long-term stress. In dairy cows, in addition to stress influences, changing physiological conditions during gestation and lactation (eg, due to varying energy requirements or fluctuating milk yield) may affect HCCs. Thus, the aim of our study was to investigate HCCs of dairy cows during different stages of lactation and to determine the relationship between milk production traits and hair cortisol levels. Samples of natural hair and regrown hair were collected from 41 multiparous Holstein Friesian cows at 100-d intervals from parturition to 300 d postpartum. All samples were analyzed for cortisol concentration and the association of HCC with milk productions traits was evaluated. Our results show that cortisol concentration in natural hair increased after parturition and was highest 200 d postpartum. Cumulative milk yield from parturition to 300 d showed moderate and positive correlation with HCC in natural hair at 300 d. There was a positive correlation between urea concentration in milk and cortisol levels in regrown hair at 200 d, and between somatic cell count in milk and HCC in natural and regrown hairs 200 d postpartum. Together, these findings suggest that physiological loads during lactation, eg, caused by metabolic stress and/or inflammation, may be associated with increased HCC levels. In addition, the results on hair color confirm previous findings in cattle that black hair has higher cortisol concentrations than white hair. Black hair therefore appears to be more suitable for hair cortisol analysis as it provides higher protection against photodegradation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106792"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10024072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-acting injectable progesterone treatment prior to puberty induction in gilts","authors":"P. Baldessar ,&nbsp;C.R.C. de Brito ,&nbsp;H. Johann ,&nbsp;C. Schultz ,&nbsp;V. Peripolli ,&nbsp;F. Moreira ,&nbsp;T. Lucia Jr. ,&nbsp;R.R. Ulguim ,&nbsp;B.G. Gasperin ,&nbsp;I. Bianchi","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Progesterone (P4) has a pivotal role on female puberty attainment in most farm animals. However, there are no studies evaluating the effect of P4 treatment previously to boar exposure for puberty induction in gilts. Therefore, serum P4 concentration, estrus expression and reproductive performance after boar stimuli were evaluated in gilts intramuscularly treated with long-acting P4 before boar exposure. In Experiment I, prepubertal gilts received either 1 mL of saline (control) or intramuscular (I.M.) P4 treatment (150 mg, 300 mg or 600 mg; <em>n</em> = 6 per treatment). Serum P4 concentration for P4-treated gilts was greater than for control gilts for at least 8 d for P4300 and P4600 groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), but greater until after 16 d only for those treated with 600 mg (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In Experiments II (prepubertal) and III (peripubertal), gilts received either saline (control) or 300 mg P4 I.M. and those showing estrus signs were artificially inseminated (AI), whereas gilts without estrus expression were culled. In prepubertal gilts (Exp. II), estrus expression rate did not differ (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) for control (79.1%; <em>n</em> = 110) and P4-treated gilts (81.5%; <em>n</em> = 108). In peripubertal gilts (Exp. III), although estrus expression did not differ between control (77.6%; <em>n</em> = 106) and P4-treated (69.6%; <em>n</em> = 102) gilts (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), P4-treated gilts presented longer (23.1 ± 1.4 days) interval from treatment to estrus expression than control gilts (17.1 ± 1.3 days; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In Experiments II and III, the proportion of culled gilts with ovarian structures consistent with normal estrous cycles, farrowing rate, and litter size did not differ between treatments (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). In conclusion, I.M. treatment with 300 or 600 mg of long-acting P4 was efficient in maintaining high P4 concentrations in prepubertal gilts for at least 8 days. However, P4 treatment over this time interval did not benefit the reproductive performance of prepubertal and peripubertal gilts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106807"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10026548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental and hormonal regulation of FBN1 and OR4M1 mRNA in bovine granulosa cells","authors":"E.R.S. Maylem ,&nbsp;L.J. Spicer ,&nbsp;I.M. Batalha ,&nbsp;L.F. Schütz","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent studies have reported hormonal regulation of expression of <em>fibrillin 1</em> (<em>FBN1)</em>, the gene that encodes asprosin, in bovine theca cells, however, hormonal regulation of gene expression of <em>FBN1</em> and the asprosin receptor, <em>olfactory receptor 4M1</em> (<em>OR4M1),</em> has not been evaluated in granulosa cells (GC). This study was designed to characterize <em>FBN1</em> and <em>OR4M1</em> gene expression in GC during development of bovine dominant ovarian follicles, and to determine the hormonal regulation of <em>FBN1</em> and <em>OR4M1</em> mRNA expression in GC. GC <em>FBN1</em> mRNA abundance was greater <em>(P</em> &lt; 0.05) in medium (5.1–8 mm) estrogen inactive (EI) follicles than in large (&gt;8.1 mm) or small (1–5 mm) EI follicles. In comparison, GC <em>OR4M1</em> mRNA abundance was greater (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in small EI follicles than in large or medium EI follicles. Abundance of <em>OR4M1</em> mRNA in GC of follicles collected on days 3 to 4 (early growth phase) and on days 5 to 6 (late growth phase) was similar, whereas <em>FBN1</em> mRNA abundance was greater (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) on days 5 to 6 vs days 3 to 4. Hormonal regulators for <em>FBN1</em> mRNA abundance in cultured small-follicle GC were identified: TGFβ1 causing a 2.45-fold increase, WNT3A causing a 1.45-fold increase, and IGF1 causing a 65% decrease. Steroids, leptin, insulin, growth hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, fibroblast growth factor 9 and epidermal growth factor had no effect on <em>FBN1</em> mRNA abundance. Abundance of <em>OR4M1</em> mRNA in GC was regulated by progesterone with 3.55-fold increase, but other hormones did not affect GC <em>OR4M1</em> mRNA abundance. Findings indicate that both <em>FBN1</em> and <em>OR4M1</em> gene expression are hormonally and developmentally regulated in bovine follicles, and thus may affect asprosin production and its subsequent role in ovarian follicular function in cattle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 106791"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10523934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10029071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of FSH stimulation and age on the ovarian and uterine traits and histomorphometry of prepubertal gilts","authors":"V.A.P. Alfradique ,&nbsp;D.L. Souza Netto ,&nbsp;S.V.P. Alves ,&nbsp;A.F. Machado ,&nbsp;C.M. Novaes ,&nbsp;J.M. Penitente-Filho ,&nbsp;M. Machado-Neves ,&nbsp;M.S. Lopes ,&nbsp;S.E.F. Guimarães","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the effect of age and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) treatment on the estradiol (E2) plasma concentration, ovarian follicle development, endometrial histomorphometry, and ultrasonographic parameters of the ovaries and uterus in prepubertal gilts. Thirty-five prepubertal gilts were grouped according to age (140 or 160 d), and within each age, gilts were allotted to receive 100 mg of FSH (treated; G140 + FSH [n = 10] and G160 + FSH [n = 7]) or saline solution (control; G140 + control [n = 10] and G160 + control [n = 8]). The total dose of FSH was divided into 6 similar doses administered every 8 h (days 0–2). Before and after FSH treatment, blood sample was collected, and transabdominal scanning of the ovaries and uterus was performed. Twenty-four hours after the last FSH injection, the gilts were slaughtered and their ovaries and uterus were processed for histological and histomorphometric analysis. The histomorphometric parameters of the uterus differed (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) between prepubertal gilts at 160 d and 140 d of age. Moreover, changes (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in uterine and ovarian ultrasound images occurred between 140 and 160 d of age. Age and FSH treatment did not affect (<em>P &gt;</em> 0.05) E2 plasma concentrations. Follicle stimulating hormone treatment did not affect (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) the early stage of folliculogenesis in the prepubertal gilts; however, the number of early atretic follicles decreased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) after the FSH treatment. Follicle stimulating hormone administration increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) the number of medium follicles and decreased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) the number of small follicles in 140 and 160 d old gilts. In the endometrium, luminal/glandular epithelium height and glandular diameter increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) after FSH treatment. Thus, injections of 100 mg of FSH stimulate the endometrium epithelium and induce follicular growth to a medium follicle size without affecting the preantral stages in prepubertal gilts; also, the uterine macroscopic morphometry does not change from 140 to 160 d of age.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 106786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9577686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between plasma dopamine concentration and temperament in horses","authors":"J. Kim ,&nbsp;H. Jung ,&nbsp;M. Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dopamine (DA) is a neurotransmitter associated with animal behaviors. Along with other neurotransmitters such as oxytocin (OXT) and serotonin (5-HT), DA is also involved in determining the temperament of animals. However, the involvement of DA in horse temperament has not been well elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the correlation between plasma DA concentration and OXT and 5-HT concentrations and behavioral temperament (eg, docility and friendliness, fearfulness, dominance, and trainability) of horses. Blood samples were collected from 31 horses and the concentrations of DA, OXT, and 5-HT were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The temperament of horses was assessed and scored by 3 researchers. The correlation between the plasma concentration of DA and OXT or 5-HT was statistically analyzed using SPSS software and linear regression analysis was performed to determine the association between DA concentration and OXT and 5-HT concentrations. Meanwhile, the DA concentration associated with each type of temperament was analyzed via one-way analysis of variance with LSD <em>post hoc</em> analysis as well as Student's <em>t</em>-test (for trainability). Plasma DA concentration was not found to be correlated with either OXT or 5-HT concentrations. Furthermore, we found no correlation between plasma DA concentration and dominance and trainability. However, our results suggest the possibility of predicting the degree of fearfulness of horses using plasma DA concentrations. We conclude that plasma DA concentration has a potentiality to be used as a biomarker to predict the fearfulness of horses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 106788"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9524566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormonal and immunological responses of Holstein dairy cows from late lactation to the dry period and from the dry period to early lactation","authors":"J. Gao ,&nbsp;T.N. Marins ,&nbsp;J.O.S. Calix ,&nbsp;Z. Qi ,&nbsp;J.K. Bernard ,&nbsp;S. Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Parturition and dry-off are challenging events for dairy cows partially due to changes in endocrine responses. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate blood concentrations of cortisol and prolactin and their effects on proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with or without stimulation by common immune cell mitogens (lipopolysaccharide [LPS], and concanavalin A [ConA]) of multiparous dairy cows from late lactation to the dry period and from the dry period to early lactation. Two groups of cows were enrolled: cows from late lactation to the dry period enrolled at 8 d before dry-off (LTD, n = 6, days in milk at dry-off = 332 ± 41 d) and cows from the dry period to early lactation enrolled at 7 d before expected calving date (DTL, n = 7). Blood was collected on d -8, 3, 7, and 15 relatives to dry-off for LTD cows, and on d -7, 3, 7, and 21 relatives to calving for DTL cows to analyze circulating stress hormones and to isolate PBMC. The PBMC were stimulated in vitro with prolactin (PRL), hydrocortisone (HDC), LPS, ConA, PRL + LPS, PRL + ConA, HDC+LPS, and HDC + ConA to assess proliferative responses. Plasma cortisol and PRL concentrations of LTD and DTL cows were not affected by time. Regardless of time, addition of HDC reduced PBMC proliferation stimulated by LPS, but PRL had no effect. No time effect was observed for proliferation of PBMC collected from LTD cows, but PBMC collected at 21 d after calving had higher proliferative responses to LPS and ConA than those from late dry period or early lactation. In conclusion, results from this experiment confirmed the lower PBMC proliferation during the transition period from the final week of gestation to early lactation and suggested that cows transitioning from late lactation to dry period maintained unchanged cell-mediated immune function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 106790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9527290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irisin in domestic animals","authors":"E. Lai,&nbsp;S. Unniappan","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Irisin is a 112 amino acid peptide hormone cleaved from the fibronectin type III domain-containing protein. Irisin is highly conserved across vertebrates, suggesting evolutionarily conserved common functions among domestic animals. These functions include the browning of white adipose tissue and increased energy expenditure. Irisin has been detected and studied primarily in plasma, serum, and skeletal muscle, but has also been found in adipose tissue, liver, kidney, lungs, cerebrospinal fluid, breast milk, and saliva. This wider tissue presence of irisin suggests additional functions beyond its role as a myokine in regulating energy use. We are beginning to understand irisin in domestic animals. The goal of this review is to provide an up-to-date commentary on irisin structure, tissue distribution, and functions across vertebrates, especially mammals of importance in veterinary medicine. Irisin could be explored as a potential candidate for developing therapeutic agents and biomarkers in domestic animal endocrinology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 106787"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9578158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral administration of domperidone in the first or third week of lactation: Effects on prolactin concentrations and mammary gene expression in sows and piglet growth","authors":"C. Farmer,&nbsp;M.-F. Palin","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The scope of the present study is endocrine and metabolic control of sow lactation. This project aimed to determine the impact of increasing prolactin concentrations via oral administration of the dopamine receptor antagonist domperidone in the first or third week of lactation in sows. Effects on sow hormonal and metabolic status, lactational performance, and gene expression in mammary epithelial cells were determined. Primiparous sows were divided in 3 treatments: 1) 10 mL of vehicle (table syrup) per os twice daily during the first and third weeks of lactation (Control, CTL, n = 23), 2) 0.5 mg/kg of domperidone per os twice daily during the first week of lactation (LACT1, n = 23), or 3) 0.5 mg/kg of domperidone given per os twice daily during the third week of lactation (LACT3, n = 22). Treated sows also received 10 mL of the vehicle twice daily during the other treatment period. Litter size was standardized to 12 ± 1 and piglets were weighed at birth, 24 h, and on d 8, 15, 22 (weaning), 35, and 56. Sow feed intake was recorded daily. Representative milk samples were obtained on d 7 and 21 of lactation for compositional analyses, and milk fat globules were used to measure mRNA abundances of various genes. Jugular blood samples were obtained from sows on d 1, 7, 14, and 21 of lactation to measure concentrations of prolactin, IGF-1, insulin, urea, and FFA. Concentrations of prolactin were increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) at the end of the 7-d treatment period with domperidone, whether imposed in the first (LACT1) or third (LACT 3) week of lactation. No other blood variables were affected by treatments and neither was milk composition (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.10). Sow BW, backfat thickness, or feed intake were not altered by treatments (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.10), but piglet BW tended to be greater in litters from LACT3 compared with CTL sows on d 22 and 35 (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.10). Gene expression of <em>EGF</em> in milk fat globules tended to be (LACT1, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.10) or was increased (LACT3, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) after treatment, and the effect in LACT1 sows was maintained until d 21 of lactation. The mRNA abundance of <em>SPP1</em> was increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in LACT1 vs CTL sows on d 7, and that of 3 major milk proteins tended to be (<em>CSN1S2</em> and <em>WAP, P &lt; 0.10)</em> or was greater (<em>LALBA, P</em> &lt; 0.05) in LACT3 vs CTL sows on d 21 of lactation. Oral administration of domperidone during the first or third week of lactation increased prolactin concentrations and altered mRNA abundances of selected genes in milk fat globules. Yet, only the LACT 3 treatment positively affected piglet performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 106789"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9529769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}