Domestic animal endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"The effect of an alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist on equine carbohydrate metabolism after intravenous glucose load","authors":"I.A.M. Hallman,&nbsp;M.R. Raekallio,&nbsp;N.P. Karikoski","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vatinoxan is a peripherally acting alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist used in veterinary medicine to attenuate the side effects of alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists. Vatinoxan also increases insulin response and reduces blood glucose (BG) after intravenous glucose in other species. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vatinoxan on BG and insulin concentration in horses after intravenous glucose. The design was an assessor-blind cross-over study. Nine horses were assigned to intravenous vatinoxan (0.2 mg/kg; VAT) or saline (SAL). Horses were administered an intravenous glucose bolus (150 mg/kg) immediately before each treatment. Blood samples were collected until 300 min. Differences between treatments were evaluated with repeated measures analysis of covariance. Change from baseline was used as a response. <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05 was considered significant. After intravenous glucose, BG and insulin increased in all horses. VAT significantly reduced the increase in BG compared with SAL (<em>p</em> = 0.005). Although insulin increased initially significantly more after VAT at 15 min (median 45.7, min-max 20.7–61.6 µIU/mL) compared with SAL (<em>p</em> = 0.04; 28.3, 17.2–44.5 µIU/mL), there was no significant difference in the overall treatment effect. Peak insulin concentration occurred significantly earlier (<em>p</em> = 0.04) after VAT (median T_max 30, min-max 15–60 min) than SAL (median T_max 60, 15–60 min). In conclusion, vatinoxan induced an earlier insulin peak than saline and reduced BG increase after intravenous glucose load. Vatinoxan could potentially modify insulin secretion from the pancreas during hyperglycaemia, but more research is warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 106946"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involvement of cholesterol and ketone bodies in early stages of bovine cystic ovarian disease development","authors":"FM Rodríguez ,&nbsp;ML Cattaneo Moreyra ,&nbsp;NC Gareis ,&nbsp;GJ Hein ,&nbsp;E Angeli ,&nbsp;AF Stassi ,&nbsp;HH Ortega ,&nbsp;NR Salvetti ,&nbsp;F Rey","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cystic ovarian disease (COD), characterized by the presence of persistent follicles, is a major cause of subfertility in dairy cows. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of receptors and enzymes involved in ketone body metabolism, cholesterol regulation, and steroidogenesis within ovarian follicular cells at different stages of persistence. The study was conducted in a model of follicular persistence induced by prolonged progesterone administration in dairy cows, and in cows diagnosed with spontaneous COD. The protein levels of key components, including HMG-CoA reductase, mitochondrial HMG-CoA (mHMG-CoA) synthase, SCOT, LDL-R, SRB-1, CYP17A1, CYP19A1, StAR, and 3βHSD, was assessed in follicles through immunohistochemistry. Additionally, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol concentrations in follicular fluid and plasma were measured using a biochemical autoanalyzer, while β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels were evaluated with reactive strips. Results showed that protein levels of SRB-1 and LDL-R in granulosa cells was higher in cows in late stages of follicular persistence and COD cows than in the control group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In contrast, mHMG-CoA synthase, HMG-CoA reductase and SCOT revealed an opposite pattern (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In granulosa cells, CYP19A1 levels were lower in follicles with 5 days of persistence than in control follicles and 3βHSD levels were higher in late stages of persistence than in controls. These alterations evidenced an imbalance in relevant components of lipid metabolism and steroidogenesis. Changes observed in late persistence or cyst would be a consequence of follicular persistence contributing to subfertility in cattle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 106945"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of moderate (7% on dry matter basis) and high (15% on dry matter basis) fiber diets on glycemic control in dogs with spontaneous insulin deficient diabetes mellitus","authors":"Jacklyn Gross,&nbsp;Joseph Bartges,&nbsp;Stacy Popovici,&nbsp;Larry Cornelius","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of the study was to compare the effects of a moderate fiber (MF, 7 % crude fiber on a dry matter basis, 1.9 g/100 kcal) versus a high fiber (HF, 15 % crude fiber on a dry matter basis, 4.4 g/100 kcal) diet on glycemic control in dogs with spontaneous insulin deficient diabetes mellitus. Eight adult dogs with stable spontaneous insulin deficient diabetes mellitus receiving intermediate-action insulin administered subcutaneously every 12 h completed the study. Dogs were fed MF and HF diets for 12 weeks in a crossover study design. Complete blood counts, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, 24-hour blood glucose curve, mean 24-hour blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) percent were evaluated throughout the study as used to compare the MF and HF diets against the individual dogs’ base diet. A significant difference was not observed in HbA1c percent and mean 24-hour blood glucose concentrations in dogs consuming either MF or HF diets. HbA1c percent and mean 24-hour blood glucose were significantly lower in dogs consuming these MF and HF diets compared to their individual base diets. Based on these data it would be recommended to provide a dog with spontaneous insulin deficient diabetes mellitus a diet containing at least 7 % crude fiber on a dry matter basis (1.9 g/100 kcal) in addition to their injectable insulin requirements to improve their glycemic control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 106944"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the expression pattern of genes affecting the growth and development of mammary tissue in pregnant Saanen goats in response to dietary fats","authors":"Reza Masoudi ,&nbsp;Nader Asadzadeh ,&nbsp;Hasan Sadeghipanah ,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Seyedabadi ,&nbsp;Saeed Smaeilkhanian ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Banabazi ,&nbsp;Alireza Ebadi Tabrizi ,&nbsp;Hoda Javaheri Barfourooshi","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The period from mid-pregnancy to term is a pivotal phase for the growth and development of the mammary glands. Diets containing unsaturated fat may also influence this process.</div><div>This study examined the effects of saturated and unsaturated fat supplements on mammary gland growth in Saanen goats. Forty goats were divided into four groups: C- (negative control, no added fat), <em>C</em>+ (positive control, saturated palm oil), SB (Omega-6, roasted soybean), and FS (Omega-3, extruded flaxseed). Blood parameters, histological data, and the expression of genes related to mammary tissue growth and apoptosis were examined. Our findings showed that the C- group had the highest (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) serum insulin and lowest (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) serum triglyceride concentrations compared with the other groups. Serum cortisol concentration was lower (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) in the <em>C</em>+ group than in the C- and SB groups. Blood glucose concentration was lower (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) in the FS group compared to the C- and <em>C</em>+ groups. The total serum cholesterol concentration was lower (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) in the C- group than in the <em>C</em>+ and SB groups. The percentage of epithelial cells was higher (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) in the FS group, while the percentage of stroma was higher in the <em>C</em>+ group. Additionally, the SB group's alveolar, epithelial, and luminal areas were higher (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) than those in the other groups. The expression of the Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 <em>(IGFBP-5)</em> was the highest for the FS group (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05). However, the expression of Insulin-like growth factor-I, Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (<em>IGFBP-3</em>), Bcl-2 associated X protein (<em>Bax</em>), B-cell lymphoma-2 (<em>Bcl-2</em>), Tumor necrosis factor-α (<em>TNF-α</em>), and the <em>Bax/Bcl-2</em> ratio did not differ between the groups. In conclusion, providing goats with flaxseed during mid-pregnancy can promote mammary epithelial cell growth and development, prolong the lifespan, delay apoptosis, and sustain milk production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 106943"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary oleuropein supplementation affects lipolysis in broilers","authors":"Usman Sulaiman ,&nbsp;Reagan Vaughan ,&nbsp;Paul Siegel ,&nbsp;Dongmin Liu ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Gilbert ,&nbsp;Mark Cline","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oleuropein, a phenolic compound derived from olives, was investigated for its effects on the adipose tissue physiology of broiler chickens during the initial 10 days post-hatch. We hypothesized that oleuropein could modulate the adipose tissue of the chicken due to its known bioactive properties. Sixty-eight day-of-hatch Cobb-Hubbard broilers were randomly divided into treatment groups receiving different amounts of oleuropein (0, 125, 250, or 500 mg/kg of commercial starter diet). Diets were fed ad-lib and on day 10 post-hatch, blood and adipose tissue samples (abdominal and subcutaneous) were collected from 12 broilers in each group. Plasma was collected to measure non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentrations. The mRNA levels of key regulators of adipogenesis and lipolysis were assessed by real-time PCR. At day 10, body weights were lower in the 125 and 250-dose groups. In both adipose tissue depots, lipolytic enzyme adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) mRNA was higher in the 125-dose group compared to other groups. Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) were lower in the 125-dose group relative to other groups. Plasma NEFAs were greater in the 125-dose group than in the other groups. This suggests that oleuropein has pro-lipolytic and anti-adipogenic properties and may provide a means to reduce excessive adipose tissue accumulation in broilers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 106942"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of selenium and zinc nanoparticles supplementations on testicular blood flow, semen, and reproductive hormones in Egyptian native goats subjected to ambient heat stress","authors":"Mohammed S. NasrEldeen ,&nbsp;Refaat S.A. Ragab ,&nbsp;Amal M. Aboelmaaty ,&nbsp;Eltaher M. Saudi","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For exploring the protective effects of selenium (SeNPs) and zinc (ZnNP) nanoparticles on testicular blood flow, morphometry, oxidants-antioxidant status, reproductive hormones, and blood biochemicals of goats subjected to heat stress, bucks (<em>n</em>=15) were equally divided into control, ZnNP (50.0 mg/animal), and SeNPs (0.57 mg/animal) groups. Bucks were supplemented daily for seven weeks during summer. The testicular artery diameter, PSV, EDV, TAMV, Mean V, RI, PI, BFV, testicle length, width, height, epididymal length, and width were determined. Blood samples were collected for measuring LH, testosterone and estradiol, zinc, selenium, NO, MDA, SOD, TAC, CAT, total proteins, albumin, AST, and ALT. Results indicated that testicular volume, mediastinum testes, height, epididymal tail length, and width increased (P&lt;0.0001) in animals supplemented with ZnNPs. Testicular (P&lt;0.05) and epididymal tail (P&lt;0.01) width increased during the supplementation. SeNPs and ZnNPs decreased (P&lt;0.0001) the testicular artery diameter and increased PSV (P&lt;0.05), and V Mean (P&lt;0.01). ZnNPs increased TAMV (P&lt;0.05) and BFV (P&lt;0.01). RI (P&lt;0.01), PI (P&lt;0.05), and BFV (P&lt;0.01) decreased after withdrawing supplementation associated with increased (P&lt;0.05) testicular artery diameter. Sperm mass and individual motility, live sperm %, sperm cell concentration, and SPMI Improved (P&lt;0.0001) in ZnNPs and SeNPs groups during and after the supplementation. ZnNPs and SeNPs decreased CAT (P&lt;0.0001) and testosterone with increasing SOD (P&lt;0.05), globulin, and ALT. SeNPs increased (P&lt;0.0001) estradiol and LH. In conclusion, ZnNPs or SeNPs improved the semen parameters during heat stress by modulating testicular blood flow, testicular thermoregulatory mechanism, and antioxidant status, proving nontoxic to the liver and kidneys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 106941"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current understanding of insulin dysregulation and its relationship with carbohydrate and protein metabolism in horses","authors":"C.M.M. Loos ,&nbsp;K.L. Urschel","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insulin dysregulation (ID) is a common metabolic disorder in horses, characterized by hyperinsulinemia and/or peripheral insulin resistance. The critical role of hyperinsulinemia in endocrinopathic laminitis has driven research into the insulinotropic effects of dietary nutrients and the reciprocal impact of ID on nutrient metabolism. The relationship between ID and carbohydrate metabolism has been extensively studied; however, the effects of ID on protein metabolism in horses remain largely unexplored. This review begins with an overview of the importance of insulin in the regulation of muscle protein synthesis and degradation and then examines the current understanding of the interplay between ID and protein and carbohydrate metabolism in horses. Horses with ID exhibit altered resting plasma amino acid concentrations and shifts in postprandial amino acid dynamics. Recent work illustrated that ID horses had higher levels of plasma amino acids following a protein meal and delayed postprandial clearance from the blood compared to non-ID horses. The postprandial muscle synthetic response does not seem to be diminished in ID horses, but alterations in key cellular signaling molecules have been reported. ID horses display a pronounced hyperinsulinemic response following the consumption of feeds providing a range of protein, non-structural carbohydrate, starch and water-soluble carbohydrate intakes. Recent studies have shown that ID horses have an increased postprandial incretin response, contributing to the observed hyperinsulinemia. To minimize the postprandial insulin response, thresholds for carbohydrate consumption have recently been proposed. Similar thresholds should be established for protein to aid in the refinement of nutritional strategies to manage ID horses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 106940"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectors and predictors of conceptus survival in cattle: What is next?","authors":"Mario Binelli ,&nbsp;Maria Camila Lopez-Duarte ,&nbsp;Angela Gonella-Diaza ,&nbsp;Felipe A.C.C. Silva ,&nbsp;Guilherme Pugliesi ,&nbsp;Thiago Martins ,&nbsp;Cecilia Constantino Rocha","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In cattle, the physiological process of switching from cycling to pregnant is complex. Ultimately, that process relies on endometrial luminal epithelial cells and is based on the paracrine context of the uterine lumen. Cells either release luteolytic pulses of prostaglandin F2 alpha to keep the animal cycling or respond to cues released by the elongated conceptus that block prostaglandin F2 alpha pulses to maintain luteal function and pregnancy. That process, however, is highly regulated and subjected to error that occurs in every 30 to 40 % of attempted bovine pregnancies. This review addresses novel aspects of endometrial cell function, luteal function, intraluminal endometrial-trophoblast communication, heat stress, and artificial intelligence as effectors, predictors, and tools to be explored and employed to reduce pregnancy loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 106939"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into improving embryo survival in sheep","authors":"Karen L. Reader ,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Juengel","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In sheep, embryo loss reduces farm profitability and increases the environmental footprint per kg of sheep meat produced. Additionally, improving embryo survival in assisted reproductive technologies is critical for accelerating genetic gain. However, embryo loss remains hidden, and thus often unrecognized, and our ability to improve embryo survival is limited. To reduce embryo loss, we need to first understand when the loss is occurring during gestation and then delineate the mechanisms that result in failure of the embryo to survive. It is only through using this knowledge that we will be able to improve embryo survival and thereby improve farm profitability and environmental credentials. This review will focus on understanding the role that embryo survival may play in optimizing farm productivity and factors influencing embryo survival in sheep. We present insights gained from both in vivo and in vitro experiments, focusing on the role of steroids and the immune system. We highlight potential new approaches to improving farm productivity within a reduced environmental footprint and key areas of research where additional knowledge may lead to new interventions to improve embryo survival.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 106938"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the relationship between plasma and salivary levels of oxytocin, vasopressin, and cortisol in beagles: A preliminary study","authors":"Youngwook Jung ,&nbsp;Kayoung Yang ,&nbsp;Minjung Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxytocin, vasopressin, and cortisol are widely used as biomarkers to assess the temperament or emotional state of dogs. Typically, these levels are measured in blood; however, this invasive procedure can induce acute pain and stress. Considering the welfare of dogs, it is necessary to replace these procedures with noninvasive methods. Saliva sampling has emerged as a promising, noninvasive alternative for measuring hormonal levels. Nonetheless, it remains unclear whether saliva samples accurately reflect plasma hormonal levels in dogs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlations of oxytocin, vasopressin, and cortisol levels between plasma and saliva samples. We simultaneously collected blood and saliva samples from fifteen beagles, aged six, including eleven females and four sterilized males. Due to the limited availability of saliva samples, each analysis was performed on 5–11 dogs. Hormonal levels were quantified using commercial ELISA kits. Linear regression analysis and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis. Our findings revealed no significant correlation between oxytocin or vasopressin levels in the plasma and salivary samples. However, a significant positive correlation was observed between cortisol levels in plasma and saliva samples. Additionally, oxytocin and vasopressin levels were positively correlated in both plasma and saliva samples. A positive correlation was found between the plasma cortisol and oxytocin levels, whereas no correlation was observed between the salivary cortisol and oxytocin levels. This study provides a foundation for understanding hormonal relationships across different matrices, contributing to the development of alternative sampling methods that prioritize animal welfare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 106937"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}