Communications Materials最新文献_第3页

Orientation dependent resistivity scaling in mesoscopic NbP crystals. 介观NbP晶体中取向相关电阻率缩放。

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-025-00828-w

Gianluca Mariani, Federico Balduini, Nathan Drucker, Lorenzo Rocchino, Vicky Hasse, Claudia Felser, Heinz Schmid, Cezar Zota, Bernd Gotsmann

{"title":"Orientation dependent resistivity scaling in mesoscopic NbP crystals.","authors":"Gianluca Mariani, Federico Balduini, Nathan Drucker, Lorenzo Rocchino, Vicky Hasse, Claudia Felser, Heinz Schmid, Cezar Zota, Bernd Gotsmann","doi":"10.1038/s43246-025-00828-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-025-00828-w","url":null,"abstract":"The scaling of Si transistor technology has resulted in a remarkable improvement in the performance of integrated circuits over the last decades. However, scaled transistors also require reduced electrical interconnect dimensions, which lead to greater losses and power dissipation at circuit level. This is mainly caused by enhanced surface scattering of charge carriers in copper interconnect wires at dimensions below 30 nm. A promising approach to mitigate this issue is to use directional conductors, i.e. materials with anisotropic Fermi surface, where proper alignment of crystalline orientation and transport direction can minimize surface scattering. In this work, we perform a resistivity scaling study of the anisotropic semimetal NbP as a function of crystalline orientation. We use here focused ion beam to pattern and scale down NbP crystallites to dimensions comparable to the electron scattering length at cryogenic temperatures. The experimental transport properties are correlated with the Fermi surface characteristics through a theoretical model, thus identifying the physical mechanisms that influence the resistivity scaling of anisotropic conductors. Our methodology provides an effective approach for early evaluation of anisotropic materials as future ultra-scalable interconnects, even when they are unavailable as epitaxial films.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A quasi-solid-state high-rate lithium sulfur positive electrode incorporating Li₁₀GeP₂S₁₂. 含Li10GeP2S12的准固态高倍率锂硫正极。

IF 9.6

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-025-00901-4

Boyi Pang, Huanxin Li, Yiming Guo, Bochen Li, Feiran Li, Huw C W Parks, Liam R Bird, Thomas S Miller, Paul R Shearing, Rhodri Jervis, James B Robinson

{"title":"A quasi-solid-state high-rate lithium sulfur positive electrode incorporating Li10GeP2S12.","authors":"Boyi Pang, Huanxin Li, Yiming Guo, Bochen Li, Feiran Li, Huw C W Parks, Liam R Bird, Thomas S Miller, Paul R Shearing, Rhodri Jervis, James B Robinson","doi":"10.1038/s43246-025-00901-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-025-00901-4","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium-sulfur batteries offer high theoretical energy density for advanced energy storage, but practical deployment is hindered by the polysulfide shuttle effect and sluggish kinetics in conventional catholytes. Here, we develop a high-rate sulfur cathode by integrating Li₁₀GeP₂S₁₂, a highly ion-conductive solid-state electrolyte, directly into the positive electrode. We systematically investigate the influence of solvent systems and binders on electrochemical performance, while optimising the slurry casting process. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that the addition of Li₁₀GeP₂S₁₂ improved lithium-ion transport, reduced internal resistance, and enhanced reaction kinetics, leading to a high initial capacity of over 1400 mAh g-1. We observe high-capacity retention at high current densities (1 C) with the positive electrode exhibiting a stable capacity of 800 mAh g-1, significantly outperforming control samples fabricated without Li₁₀GeP₂S₁₂. This study confirms that the integration of Li₁₀GeP₂S₁₂ into the positive electrode enhances the performance of quasi-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries, offering potential for future improvements based on the optimisation of lithium-ion conducting pathways in the positive electrode.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":"175"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12325082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A light-fueled self-oscillator that senses force. 一个能感知力的光驱动自振器。

IF 9.6

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-025-00903-2

Zixuan Deng, Arri Priimagi, Kai Li, Hao Zeng

{"title":"A light-fueled self-oscillator that senses force.","authors":"Zixuan Deng, Arri Priimagi, Kai Li, Hao Zeng","doi":"10.1038/s43246-025-00903-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-025-00903-2","url":null,"abstract":"Light-responsive materials with intrinsic negative feedback enable self-oscillation in non-equilibrium states. Conventional systems rely on self-shadowing in bending modes but fail when shadowing is constrained. Here, we demonstrate that external mechanical forces can bypass this limitation, enabling sustained oscillations without complete shadowing. Using a vertically suspended light-responsive liquid crystal network (LCN) strip under constant irradiation, a transition from static deformation to continuous oscillation arises when a critical load is applied. This system reveals two key phenomena: (1) oscillation amplitude scales with light intensity, reaching an angular displacement of 300°-significantly surpassing bending-mode oscillators; and (2) oscillation frequency decreases with increasing load, reflecting intrinsic mechanical sensitivity. This force-assisted self-oscillation principle generalizes across diverse deformation modes, including bending, twisting, contraction, and off-axis LCN strips. By mimicking biological mechanosensation based on dissipative mechanism, our findings provide a simplified design for non-equilibrium matter capable of dynamic adaptation to mechanical loads.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":"173"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12325081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

3D printing of self-healing longevous multi-sensory e-skin. 3D打印自愈长寿多感官电子皮肤。

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-025-00839-7

Antonia Georgopoulou, Sudong Lee, Benhui Dai, Francesca Bono, Josie Hughes, Esther Amstad

{"title":"3D printing of self-healing longevous multi-sensory e-skin.","authors":"Antonia Georgopoulou, Sudong Lee, Benhui Dai, Francesca Bono, Josie Hughes, Esther Amstad","doi":"10.1038/s43246-025-00839-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-025-00839-7","url":null,"abstract":"Electrically conductive hydrogels can simulate the sensory capabilities of natural skin, such that they are well-suited for electronic skin. Unfortunately, currently available electronic skin cannot detect multiple stimuli in a selective manner. Inspired by the deep eutectic solvent chemistry of the frog Lithobates Sylvaticus, we introduce a double network granular organogel capable of simultaneously detecting mechanical deformation, structural damage, changes in ambient temperature, and humidity. The deep eutectic solvent chemistry adds an additional benefit: Thanks to strong hydrogen bonding, our sensor can recover 97% of the Young's modulus after being damaged. The sensing performance and self-healing capacity are maintained within a temperature range of -20 °C to 50 °C for at least 2 weeks. We exploit the granular nature of this system to direct ink to write a cm-sized frog and e-skin wearables. We realize selective tactile perception by training recurrent neural networks to achieve sensory stimulus classification between the temperature and strain with 98% accuracy.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":"121"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

3D/4D imaging of complex and deformed microstructures with pink-beam dark field X-ray microscopy. 用粉红束暗场x射线显微镜对复杂和变形的微观结构进行3D/4D成像。

IF 9.6

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-025-00926-9

Can Yildirim, Aditya Shukla, Yubin Zhang, Nikolas Mavrikakis, Louis Lesage, Virginia Sanna, Marilyn Sarkis, Yaozhu Li, Michela La Bella, Carsten Detlefs, Henning Friis Poulsen

{"title":"3D/4D imaging of complex and deformed microstructures with pink-beam dark field X-ray microscopy.","authors":"Can Yildirim, Aditya Shukla, Yubin Zhang, Nikolas Mavrikakis, Louis Lesage, Virginia Sanna, Marilyn Sarkis, Yaozhu Li, Michela La Bella, Carsten Detlefs, Henning Friis Poulsen","doi":"10.1038/s43246-025-00926-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-025-00926-9","url":null,"abstract":"Dark Field X-ray Microscopy (DFXM) has advanced 3D non-destructive, high-resolution imaging of strain and orientation in crystalline materials, enabling the study of embedded structures in bulk. However, the photon-hungry nature of monochromatic DFXM limits its applicability for studying highly deformed or weakly crystalline structures, and constrains time-resolved studies in industrially relevant materials. Here, we present pink-beam DFXM (pDFXM) at the ID03 beamline of ESRF, achieving a 27-fold increase in diffracted intensity while maintaining 100 nm spatial resolution. We validate pDFXM by imaging a partially recrystallized aluminum grain, confirming sufficient angular resolution for microstructure mapping. The increased flux significantly enhances the diffracted signal, enabling the resolution of subgrain structures. Additionally, we image a highly deformed ferritic iron grain, previously inaccessible in monochromatic mode without focusing optics. Beyond static imaging, pDFXM enables real-time tracking of grain growth during annealing, achieving hundred-millisecond temporal resolution. By combining high photon flux with non-destructive, high-resolution 3D mapping, pDFXM expands diffraction-contrast imaging to poorly diffracting crystals, unlocking new opportunities for studying grain growth, fatigue, and corrosion in bulk materials.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":"198"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144945681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discovery of giant unit-cell super-structure in the infinite-layer nickelate PrNiO_2+x. 无限层镍酸盐PrNiO2+x中巨大单体超结构的发现。

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00729-4

Jens Oppliger, Julia Küspert, Ann-Christin Dippel, Martin V Zimmermann, Olof Gutowski, Xiaolin Ren, Xingjiang Zhou, Zhihai Zhu, Ruggero Frison, Qisi Wang, Leonardo Martinelli, Izabela Biało, Johan Chang

{"title":"Discovery of giant unit-cell super-structure in the infinite-layer nickelate PrNiO2+x.","authors":"Jens Oppliger, Julia Küspert, Ann-Christin Dippel, Martin V Zimmermann, Olof Gutowski, Xiaolin Ren, Xingjiang Zhou, Zhihai Zhu, Ruggero Frison, Qisi Wang, Leonardo Martinelli, Izabela Biało, Johan Chang","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00729-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-024-00729-4","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of unconventional superconductivity often triggers significant interest in associated electronic and structural symmetry breaking phenomena. For the infinite-layer nickelates, structural allotropes are investigated intensively. Here, using high-energy grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction, we demonstrate how in-situ temperature annealing of the infinite-layer nickelate PrNiO2+x (x ≈ 0) induces a giant superlattice structure. The annealing effect has a maximum well above room temperature. By covering a large scattering volume, we show a rare period-six in-plane (bi-axial) symmetry and a period-four symmetry in the out-of-plane direction. This giant unit-cell superstructure-likely stemming from ordering of diffusive oxygen-persists over a large temperature range and can be quenched. As such, the stability and controlled annealing process leading to the formation of this superlattice structure provides a pathway for novel nickelate chemistry.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11703755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142945884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maximizing the voltage output of piezoelectric arrays via base layer compatibility. 通过基面层兼容性最大化压电阵列的电压输出。

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-025-00854-8

Muhammad Usaid Memon, Eoin P Hinchy, Sarah Guerin

{"title":"Maximizing the voltage output of piezoelectric arrays via base layer compatibility.","authors":"Muhammad Usaid Memon, Eoin P Hinchy, Sarah Guerin","doi":"10.1038/s43246-025-00854-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-025-00854-8","url":null,"abstract":"Piezoelectric energy harvesting, i.e. the interconversion of electrical and mechanical energy, has the potential to revolutionise how we generate sustainable power for electronic devices. Currently the majority of research into maximising the electrical output of piezoelectrics focuses on the material itself i.e. modulating the electromechanical properties via stoichiometry, crystal engineering, deposition technique, etc. Here we take a different approach, demonstrating that for direct force harvesting the base layer onto which piezoelectrics are mounted has a huge impact on the voltage output of commercial piezoelectric transducers. We almost triple the open-circuit voltage output of a small piezoelectric array from 2.8 to 7.5 Volts by changing the flexibility of the material they are adhered to. As well as conventional base layer materials we use a variety of 3D-printed geometries, which offer a low-cost and efficient method for controlling the dynamics of a piezoelectric-based interface. The goal is that by demonstrating this phenomenon using widely used lead-based piezoelectrics, that it can be utilised for increasing the power output of sustainable alternatives.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":"134"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12221967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crosslinking substrate regulates frictional properties of tissue-engineered cartilage and chondrocyte response to loading. 交联底物调节组织工程软骨的摩擦特性和软骨细胞对负载的反应。

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-025-00781-8

Christoph Meinert, Angus Weekes, Chun-Wei Chang, Karsten Schrobback, Amy Gelmi, Molly M Stevens, Dietmar W Hutmacher, Travis J Klein

{"title":"Crosslinking substrate regulates frictional properties of tissue-engineered cartilage and chondrocyte response to loading.","authors":"Christoph Meinert, Angus Weekes, Chun-Wei Chang, Karsten Schrobback, Amy Gelmi, Molly M Stevens, Dietmar W Hutmacher, Travis J Klein","doi":"10.1038/s43246-025-00781-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-025-00781-8","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogels are frequently used in regenerative medicine due to their hydrated, tissue-compatible nature, and tuneable mechanics. While many strategies enable bulk mechanical modulation, little attention is given to tuning surface tribology, and its impact on cellular behavior under mechanical stimuli. Here, we demonstrate that photocrosslinking hydrogels on hydrophobic substrates leads to significant, long-lasting reductions in surface friction, ideal for cartilage tissue regeneration. Gelatin methacryloyl and hyaluronic acid methacrylate hydrogels photocrosslinked on polytetrafluoroethylene possess more hydrated, lubricious surfaces, with lower friction coefficients and crosslinking densities than those crosslinked on glass. This facilitated self-lubrication via water exudation, limiting shear during biaxial stimulation. When subject to intermittent biaxial loading mimicking joint movement, low-friction chondrocyte-laden neo-tissues formed superior hyaline cartilage, confirming the benefits of reduced friction on tissue development. Finally, in situ photocrosslinking enabled precise hydrogel formation in a full-thickness cartilage defect, highlighting the clinical potential and emphasizing the importance of crosslinking substrate in regenerative medicine.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced energy storage in relaxor (1-x)Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-xBaZr_yTi_1-yO₃ thin films by morphotropic phase boundary engineering. 相变相界工程增强弛豫（1-x）Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-xBaZryTi1-yO3薄膜的能量存储。

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00730-x

Herbert Kobald, Alexander M Kobald, Ivana Panzic, Marco Deluca

{"title":"Enhanced energy storage in relaxor (1-x)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-xBaZryTi1-yO3 thin films by morphotropic phase boundary engineering.","authors":"Herbert Kobald, Alexander M Kobald, Ivana Panzic, Marco Deluca","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00730-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00730-x","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskites at the crossover between ferroelectric and relaxor are often used to realize dielectric capacitors with high energy and power density and simultaneously good efficiency. Lead-free Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 is gaining importance in showing an alternative to lead-based devices. Here we show that (1-x)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 - xBaZr y Ti 1-y O3 (best: 0.94Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 -0.06BaZr0.4Ti0.6O3) shows an increase of recoverable energy density and electric breakdown upon chemical substitution. In thin films derived from Chemical Solution Deposition, we observed that polarization peaks at the morphotropic phase boundary at x = 0.06. While Zr substitution results in reduced polarization, it enhances both efficiency and electric breakdown strength, ultimately doubling the recoverable energy density and the metallization interface by lowering surface roughness. Our dielectric capacitor shows <3% deviation of energy properties over 106 cycles. A virtual device model of a multilayer thin film capacitor (7.25 mJ recoverable energy) was used to compare its performance to already in use multilayer ceramic capacitors.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biocompatible low-voltage electrothermal actuators with biological operational temperature range. 具有生物工作温度范围的生物相容性低压电热致动器。

IF 9.6

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-025-00893-1

Adéla Slavíková, Benjamin C Baker, Marcos Villeda-Hernandez, Annabel Coekin, Julia Kwasniewska, Tim Good, Mina Aleemardani, Heidi Snethen, James P K Armstrong, Charl F J Faul

{"title":"Biocompatible low-voltage electrothermal actuators with biological operational temperature range.","authors":"Adéla Slavíková, Benjamin C Baker, Marcos Villeda-Hernandez, Annabel Coekin, Julia Kwasniewska, Tim Good, Mina Aleemardani, Heidi Snethen, James P K Armstrong, Charl F J Faul","doi":"10.1038/s43246-025-00893-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-025-00893-1","url":null,"abstract":"Muscle loss can severely affect movement and physiological functions, driving interest in artificial muscle development. Although various soft actuators exist, ensuring biocompatibility-especially in terms of heat transfer and non-cytotoxicity-remains a key challenge. To address these issues, here we develop Bio35, a low-voltage (3.6 V) electrothermal actuator that operates at mild hyperthermic temperatures (38.9 °C). Bio35 is synthesized using a one-pot, solvent-free process with Epikote 828, poly(propyleneglycol) bis (2-amino-propyl-ether) (PPG), and 1,4-diamino-diphenyl-sulfone (DDS). It demonstrates high chemical stability, maintaining actuation performance after more than 100 cycles over 200 min. Initial biological tests confirm that these materials are biocompatible and non-cytotoxic. As proof of concept, we demonstrate two systems: a simple gripper capable of holding objects up to 225 mg and a sphincter-like valve, showcasing its potential for use in treating conditions like urinary incontinence, where precise, muscle-like actuation is critical for function.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":"174"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12325083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0