Communications Materials最新文献_第10页

Low excess noise and high quantum efficiency avalanche photodiodes for beyond 2 µm wavelength detection 用于 2 µm 以上波长检测的低过量噪声和高量子效率雪崩光电二极管

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00627-9

Hyemin Jung, Seunghyun Lee, Xiao Jin, Yifan Liu, Theodore. J. Ronningen, Christopher. H. Grein, John. P. R. David, Sanjay Krishna

{"title":"Low excess noise and high quantum efficiency avalanche photodiodes for beyond 2 µm wavelength detection","authors":"Hyemin Jung, Seunghyun Lee, Xiao Jin, Yifan Liu, Theodore. J. Ronningen, Christopher. H. Grein, John. P. R. David, Sanjay Krishna","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00627-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00627-9","url":null,"abstract":"The rising concentration of greenhouse gases, especially methane and carbon dioxide, is driving global temperature increases and exacerbating the climate crisis. Monitoring these gases requires detectors that operate in the extended short-wavelength infrared range (~2.4 µm), covering methane (1.65 µm) and carbon dioxide (2.05 µm) wavelengths. Here, we present a high-performance linear mode avalanche photodetector (APD) with an InGaAs/GaAsSb type-II superlattice absorber and an AlGaAsSb multiplier, matched to InP substrates. This APD achieves a room temperature gain of 178, an external quantum efficiency of 3560% at 2 µm, low excess noise (less than 2 at gains below 20), and a small temperature coefficient of breakdown (7.58 mV/K·µm). These results indicate that a manufacturable semiconductor material-based APD could significantly advance high-sensitivity receivers for greenhouse gas monitoring, potentially enabling their commercial production and widespread use. Photodetectors for monitoring greenhouse gas emissions must cover the extended short-wavelength infrared range. Here, antimonide-based materials on a InP substrate enable a high-performance avalanche photodiode with detectivity beyond 2 µm wavelength.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00627-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fast low-temperature irradiation creep driven by athermal defect dynamics 热缺陷动力学驱动的快速低温辐照蠕变

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00655-5

Alexander Feichtmayer, Max Boleininger, Johann Riesch, Daniel R. Mason, Luca Reali, Till Höschen, Maximilian Fuhr, Thomas Schwarz-Selinger, Rudolf Neu, Sergei L. Dudarev

{"title":"Fast low-temperature irradiation creep driven by athermal defect dynamics","authors":"Alexander Feichtmayer, Max Boleininger, Johann Riesch, Daniel R. Mason, Luca Reali, Till Höschen, Maximilian Fuhr, Thomas Schwarz-Selinger, Rudolf Neu, Sergei L. Dudarev","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00655-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00655-5","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of high stress concentrations in reactor components is a still intractable phenomenon encountered in fusion reactor design. Here, we observe and quantitatively model a non-linear high-dose radiation mediated microstructure evolution effect that facilitates fast stress relaxation in the most challenging low-temperature limit. In situ observations of a tensioned tungsten wire exposed to a high-energy ion beam show that internal stress of up to 2 GPa relaxes within minutes, with the extent and time-scale of relaxation accurately predicted by a parameter-free multiscale model informed by atomistic simulations. As opposed to conventional notions of radiation creep, the effect arises from the self-organisation of nanoscale crystal defects, athermally coalescing into extended polarized dislocation networks that compensate and alleviate the external stress. The creep behavior of actively cooled alloys exposed to neutron irradiation in fusion reactors is expected to critically affect the operation of reactor components. Here, experiments and simulations of a 16 μm thick tungsten wire exposed to low-temperature irradiation reveal stress relaxation rates far exceeding those associated with thermal creep.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00655-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decylammonium sulfate post-treatment for efficient hole-conductor-free printable perovskite solar cells with reduced voltage loss 硫酸癸基铵后处理用于高效无空穴导体可印刷型过氧化物太阳能电池，可降低电压损耗

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00643-9

Zexiong Qiu, Jiale Liu, Chuanzhou Han, Chaoyang Wang, Junwei Xiang, Ziwei Zheng, Minhao Xia, Yang Zhou, Anyi Mei, Hongwei Han

{"title":"Decylammonium sulfate post-treatment for efficient hole-conductor-free printable perovskite solar cells with reduced voltage loss","authors":"Zexiong Qiu, Jiale Liu, Chuanzhou Han, Chaoyang Wang, Junwei Xiang, Ziwei Zheng, Minhao Xia, Yang Zhou, Anyi Mei, Hongwei Han","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00643-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00643-9","url":null,"abstract":"Hole-conductor-free printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (p-MPSCs) have attracted widespread attention for their low cost, up-scalability, and exceptional stability. However, the high defect density of perovskite and the absence of interfacial barrier layer between perovskite and carbon electrode cause profound open-circuit voltage (VOC) loss, which results in uncompetitive power conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, an anion-cation synergy of decylammonium sulfate (DA2SO4) is utilized for suppressing VOC loss of p-MPSCs via a facile post-treatment method. DA+ cations transform the perovskite adjacent to carbon electrode into wide-bandgap 2D perovskite for blocking electrons, while the SO42− anions interact with undercoordinated lead centers for reducing defect density. As a result, the modified device delivers an enhanced PCE from 17.78% to 19.59%, with an improved VOC from 0.98 V to 1.06 V. Meanwhile, the modified device without any encapsulation exhibits excellent moisture stability with the PCE remained almost 99% of the initial value after 528 h aging in 75% RH air at room temperature. Open-circuit voltage loss is an issue faced by hole-conductor-free printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells. Here, a facile decylammonium sulfate post-treatment reduces the voltage loss via an anion-cation synergy, and increases the power conversion efficiency from 17.8% to 19.6%.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00643-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discussing MXenes with Yury Gogotsi 与尤里-戈戈齐讨论 MXenes

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00650-w

引用次数: 0

Josephson coupling across magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 跨磁性拓扑绝缘体 MnBi2Te4 的约瑟夫森耦合

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00649-3

Thies Jansen, Ekaterina Kochetkova, Anna Isaeva, Alexander Brinkman, Chuan Li

{"title":"Josephson coupling across magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4","authors":"Thies Jansen, Ekaterina Kochetkova, Anna Isaeva, Alexander Brinkman, Chuan Li","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00649-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00649-3","url":null,"abstract":"Topological superconductors hosting Majorana zero modes are of great interest for both fundamental physics and potential quantum computing applications. In this work, we investigate the transport properties of the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 (MBT). In normal transport measurements, we observe the presence of chiral edge channels, though with deviations from perfect quantization due to factors such as non-uniform thickness, domain structures, and the presence of quasi-helical edge states. Subsequently, we fabricate superconducting junctions using niobium leads on MBT exfoliated flakes, which show an onset of supercurrent with clear Josephson coupling. The interference patterns in the superconducting junctions reveal interesting asymmetries, suggesting changes in the magnetic ordering of the MBT flakes under small applied magnetic fields. Moreover, the modulation of the critical current by magnetic field reveals a SQUID-like pattern, suggesting the presence of supercurrent through the quasi-helical edge states. Topological superconductors hosting Majorana zero modes are of great interest for both fundamental physics and potential quantum computing applications. Here, the intrinsic and Josephson junction transport properties of magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 are investigated, revealing superconducting interference patterns that suggest the presence of supercurrent through quasi-helical edge states.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00649-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Constructing matched sub-nanometric cobalt clusters with multiple oxidation and metallic states for efficient propane dehydrogenation 构建具有多种氧化态和金属态的匹配亚纳米钴簇，实现高效丙烷脱氢

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00656-4

Weihua Deng, Dedong He, Dingkai Chen, Zijun Huang, Jiguang Deng, Yongming Luo

{"title":"Constructing matched sub-nanometric cobalt clusters with multiple oxidation and metallic states for efficient propane dehydrogenation","authors":"Weihua Deng, Dedong He, Dingkai Chen, Zijun Huang, Jiguang Deng, Yongming Luo","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00656-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00656-4","url":null,"abstract":"Modulating unique microenvironment including both oxidation and metallic states on sub-nanocluster metal catalysts remains challenging, since designing heterogeneous catalysis within controllable oxidation state is necessary for achieving optimum performance. Here we construct stable sub-nano-Co clusters, which shows different microenvironment with the reported sub-nanocluster catalysts and reported Co-based catalysts. The coexistence of both ionic bonds of Co-O and metallic bonds of Co-Co shows features of multiple oxidation and metallic states, which changes the electronic orbital configuration of the individual Co atom in clusters. The specific microenvironment within low oxidation state and high electron density promotes combination of empty and filled host orbitals to yield high electron transfer between metal and propane, which exhibits higher reactivity than the reported Co-based and other non-noble metals catalysts. The desired reactivity offers the possibility for the exploitation of highly efficient non-noble metal catalysts for propane dehydrogenation in industrial applications. Designing heterogeneous catalysts with modulated microenvironments is important for optimum performance. Here, cobalt sub-nanoclusters with Co-O and Co-Co bonds show multiple oxidation and metallic states for propane dehydrogenation.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00656-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Ascorbyl palmitate nanofiber-reinforced hydrogels for drug delivery in soft tissues 作者更正：用于软组织给药的抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯纳米纤维增强水凝胶

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00663-5

Yasmeen Shamiya, Aishik Chakraborty, Alap Ali Zahid, Nicholas Bainbridge, Jingyuan Guan, Biao Feng, Dominic Pjontek, Subrata Chakrabarti, Arghya Paul

引用次数: 0

Recyclable sulfur cured natural rubber with controlled disulfide metathesis 可回收硫磺硫化天然橡胶与受控二硫化物的偏析反应

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00651-9

Anureet Kaur, Meet M. Fefar, Thomas Griggs, Keizo Akutagawa, Biqiong Chen, James J. C. Busfield

{"title":"Recyclable sulfur cured natural rubber with controlled disulfide metathesis","authors":"Anureet Kaur, Meet M. Fefar, Thomas Griggs, Keizo Akutagawa, Biqiong Chen, James J. C. Busfield","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00651-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00651-9","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, sulfur-cured natural rubber compounds exhibit limited recyclability due to a significant drop in mechanical performance after reprocessing. Maintaining physical and chemical properties after recycling of a cross-linked polymer is an essential requirement for the global rubber industry to become more sustainable. Here, we demonstrate that tuning the curing process to favour a reversible cross-linked network based on disulfide and polysulfide bonds enables recyclability. We use a sulfur-based vulcanization system optimized with copper (II) methacrylate at concentrations of 2.47, 4.94, and 9.89 phr to control disulfide metathesis at low temperatures and enhance recyclability. Mechanical characterization identifies 2.47 phr as optimal for maintaining mechanical properties after initial moulding and full recovery after recycling. Additionally, we demonstrate that copper (II) methacrylate can be incorporated into existing rubber waste streams to promote recyclability. Cross-linked polymers must maintain physical and chemical properties after recycling to improve sustainability. Here, tuning the curing process to favour a reversible cross-linked network using disulfides and polysulfides bonds retains mechanical performance.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00651-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wearable mechanical and electrochemical sensors for real-time health monitoring 用于实时健康监测的可穿戴机械和电化学传感器

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00658-2

Ziao Xue, YanSong Gai, Yuxiang Wu, Zhuo liu, Zhou Li

{"title":"Wearable mechanical and electrochemical sensors for real-time health monitoring","authors":"Ziao Xue, YanSong Gai, Yuxiang Wu, Zhuo liu, Zhou Li","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00658-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00658-2","url":null,"abstract":"Wearable sensors provide a good solution for real-time monitoring of human health, and great progress has been made in miniaturization, flexibility, low power consumption and intelligence in recent years. Here, we introduce the principles of wearable sensors and their applications in disease surveillance. Physiological signals mainly include physical signals and biochemical signals. Among various sensors used to monitor physiological signals, we have introduced the basic working principles of mechanical sensors and electrochemical sensors. We summarize the examples of the clever integration of sensors with daily wearable products, and introduce cases of disease monitoring applied to the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, nervous system, musculoskeletal system and metabolic system. In view of the current situation of wearable sensors in terms of materials, structure, technology and energy, we discuss challenges and solutions of wearable mechanical and electrochemical sensors, and look forward to the application prospects of wearable sensors. Wearable sensors can expedite personalized medicine by integrating sensors into our daily lives. This Perspective discusses mechanical and electrochemical sensors, including their operating principles, device synthesis, and examples of their use in monitoring disease, and cardiovascular, nervous and musculoskeletal systems","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00658-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying synthetic variables influencing the reproducible microfluidic synthesis of ZIF nano- and micro-particles 确定影响 ZIF 纳米和微颗粒可重复性微流控合成的合成变量

IF 7.5

Communications Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-024-00644-8

Xiangjiang Yu, Subhajit Dutta, Jacopo Andreo, Stefan Wuttke

{"title":"Identifying synthetic variables influencing the reproducible microfluidic synthesis of ZIF nano- and micro-particles","authors":"Xiangjiang Yu, Subhajit Dutta, Jacopo Andreo, Stefan Wuttke","doi":"10.1038/s43246-024-00644-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43246-024-00644-8","url":null,"abstract":"The reproducible synthesis of nano- and -micro particles is a critical step in multiple synthetic and industrial processes. Microfluidic synthesis offers numerous advantages for development of precise, reliable, and industrially useful synthesis protocols. However, the influence of different synthetic variables on reproducibility in microfluidic synthesis is underexplored. In this work, we systematically study the influence of key synthetic parameters on the microfluidic synthesis of four Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs): ZIF-7, ZIF-8, ZIF-9, and ZIF-67. Utilizing a coiled tube microfluidic setup, we explore the influence of key synthetic parameters such as reagent concentration, stoichiometry, aging time, and nine modulators (pH-altering agents, surfactants, and polar polymers). Most importantly, we evaluate the impact of these variables in combination with the role of mixing, using the Dean flow model. Lastly, we focus on the reproducibility problems that a coiled reactor presents at specific flowrates and how these problems can be recognized and avoided. Overall, the insights collected from this work inform the design of synthetic protocols and enhance material reproducibility and control in microfluidic nano- and micro-particle synthesis. Microfluidic synthesis is an important protocol in multiple synthetic and industrial processes. Here, the influence of key synthetic parameters on the microfluidic synthesis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks is evaluated, with recommendations given for reproducible synthesis.","PeriodicalId":10589,"journal":{"name":"Communications Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00644-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0