Clinical and Experimental Dental Research最新文献

{"title":"Antibiofilm Activity of a Thermoformable Material Loaded With Essential Oil Solution","authors":"Alexandra Stähli,&nbsp;Markus Laky,&nbsp;Anton Sculean,&nbsp;Tino Töpper,&nbsp;Sigrun Eick","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70444","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interest in antimicrobial surfaces for dental devices, such as aligners and brackets, is growing. These surfaces are designed to retard biofilm formation. One approach is to load essential oils (EOs) into the material. The focus of this study was the antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and anti-inflammatory activities of an EO solution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The EO solution contained cinnamaldehyde, methyl salicylate, eucalyptol, limonene, and trans-anethole dissolved in distilled water (dH₂O) with polyglycerol-4-laurate/sabacate (basic solution). The positive control was 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX). The antibacterial activity of the EO and the basic solution was tested against selected oral bacteria. Multispecies biofilms were formed on specimens of a cellulose-based (test) material loaded with the EO solution or the basic solution, and on a polyurethane-based (reference) material loaded with CHX. The level of IL-8 released from gingival fibroblasts (GF) exposed to the solutions was measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The EO solution clearly inhibited bacterial growth. However, the basic solution also acted as a growth inhibitor at higher concentrations. The EO solution reduced the metabolic activity of the formed biofilm. In addition, the basic solution decreased biofilm mass and colony-forming unit counts. The basic solution was not inferior to CHX on the reference material. However, only the basic solution, not the EO solution, suppressed the release of IL-8 from GF when stimulated with bacteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Applying essential oils (EOs) to surfaces may be an effective way to inhibit biofilm formation. The basic solution, which is polyglyceryl-laurate-based, exhibits anti-biofilm and anti-inflammatory properties. Further in vitro research should aim to gain a deeper understanding of the solubilizer's mechanisms and optimize the composition of the added essential oils before testing in clinical trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70444","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Color Stability of PEEK and PEKK Dental Materials: A Systematic Review","authors":"Parsa Boustani,&nbsp;Elaheh Beyabanaki,&nbsp;Farnaz Taghavi-Damghani","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70441","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70441","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) are two members of the polyaryletherketone (PAEK) family. PEEK is a high-performance thermoplastic material increasingly used in dental restorations due to its favorable mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, its long-term clinical esthetic success significantly depends on color stability upon exposure to different coloring materials. In this systematic review, we aimed to investigate the present in vitro literature on the color stability of dental PEEK and PEKK materials when exposed to staining agents, artificial aging, and cleaning procedures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive search in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and MEDLINE databases was conducted up to May 15, 2026, following PRISMA guidelines. After evaluation and an updated search, 27 studies met the inclusion criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results indicated that PEEK generally exhibits superior color stability compared to other polymeric materials like polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), composite resins, and polyamide. In direct comparisons, PEKK demonstrated better color stability than PEEK, attributed to its lower water sorption. Turmeric and green tea caused the most severe discoloration (Δ<i>E</i> &gt; 3.3), while coffee, wine, and Cola produced moderate to minimal changes. Thermocycling and thermomechanical aging adversely affected PEEK, especially in ceramic‑filled variants. Surface finishing was critical—specific polishing protocols maintained color stability within clinical thresholds, whereas glazing offered no significant advantage. Cleaning methods varied in efficacy; ultrasonic and Air Flow were more effective than brushing, but sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine caused pronounced discoloration. While PEEK shows acceptable color stability under most conditions, it remains more susceptible to discoloration than ceramics like zirconia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings highlight the importance of material composition, surface treatment, and maintenance protocols in optimizing the esthetic performance of PEEK restorations. The limited evidence on PEKK suggests superior color stability over PEEK, warranting further investigation. Long‑term clinical studies are essential to validate these in vitro findings and to establish maintenance protocols.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70441","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Fracture Resistance of 3D Printed and Milled Zirconia Veneers and Anterior Crowns","authors":"Les Kalman,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Alhotan,&nbsp;Mehrsima Ghavami-Lahiji,&nbsp;Akimasa Tsujimoto","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70440","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70440","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It has recently become possible to prepare monolithic zirconia restorations through 3D printing, in addition to the typical milling technique. In this study, the fracture resistance of anterior crowns and veneers prepared by both techniques was compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Digital files were created for the crown and veneer, and restorations were created by milling (BruxZir Esthetic zirconia) and stereolithography 3D printing (LithaCon 3Y 210). The restorations were cemented to resin abutments and subjected to 50,000 thermal cycles before fracture resistance testing, measuring maximum load at fracture. Fracture resistance was evaluated using a universal testing machine. Data were statistically analyzed at a significance level of α = 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The milled crowns had values of 2318.37 ± 240.91 N, while the printed crowns showed 1988.15 ± 116.14 N (<i>p</i> = 0.009). The milled veneers had values of 1640.95 ± 173.19 N, and printed veneers of 1325.75 ± 130.71 N (<i>p</i> = 0.027).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinically estimated occlusal forces in the anterior region are under 200 N, and so while printed restorations had significantly lower fracture resistance than milled ones, this was still far higher than the forces the materials are expected to encounter.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13519038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Buffered Lidocaine With Sodium Bicarbonate Versus Conventional Lidocaine as Local Anesthetic Solutions for Pain Management in Pediatric Dentistry: A Randomized, Split-Mouth, Crossover, Double-Blind Clinical Trial","authors":"Abolfaz Shiri Varnamkhasti,&nbsp;Sajjad Amiri,&nbsp;Raziyeh Shojaeipour,&nbsp;Milad Mollaali","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70435","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70435","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Managing injection pain is critical for pediatric patient cooperation. The clinical benefit of using 7.5% sodium bicarbonate-buffered lidocaine, compared to its unbuffered counterpart, has not been extensively studied in children using a controlled split-mouth design. Hence, this clinical trial aimed to compare the pain control efficacy of buffered versus conventional lidocaine in pediatric dentistry, assessing pain during injection, anesthetic depth, and anesthetic onset.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A randomized, split-mouth, crossover, double-blind clinical trial was conducted involving 53 healthy children referred to the Kerman Dental School. Children requiring local anesthesia for the same dental procedure on two molars of the same name in one jaw were randomly assigned to Group 1 (first session: conventional 2% lidocaine; second session: buffered 2% lidocaine with 7.5% sodium bicarbonate) and Group 2 (reverse sequence). The two sessions were separated by a 1‑week washout period. Pain during injection was assessed using the SEM (Sound, Eye, Motor) scale and the FPS-R (Facial Pain Scale-Revised), and pulse rate changes were monitored. The SEM scale also assessed both the anesthetic onset and depth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Buffered lidocaine resulted in significantly lower SEM scores during injection (a 17% reduction; Exp(<i>β</i>) = 1.17, 95% CI [1.10, 1.23], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and faster anesthetic onset (a 6% improvement; Exp(<i>β</i>) = 1.06, 95% CI [1.01, 1.11], <i>p</i> = 0.011) compared with conventional lidocaine. These improvements did not extend to subjective pain scores (FPS‑R), where no significant difference was observed. Pulse rate increased similarly after the injection of either local anesthetic formulation, with no treatment‑dependent hemodynamic effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The administration of buffered lidocaine with 7.5% sodium bicarbonate significantly improved objective behavioral outcomes, as evidenced by lower SEM scores and a quicker onset, compared to conventional lidocaine. While these findings did not extend to subjective pain scores, the reduction in physical distress behaviors advocates for its clinical use in pediatric dental procedures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IRCT20241119063775N1.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13506132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148817331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Different Drilling Protocols for Primary Stability at Low-Density Bone Detected by Bone Density Measurement Drill","authors":"Yusuke Morimoto,&nbsp;Reiko Kobatake,&nbsp;Kazuya Doi,&nbsp;Yoshifumi Oki,&nbsp;Kaien Wakamatsu,&nbsp;Tomoko Izumikawa,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Tsuga","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70430","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intraoperative bone assessment is critical for achieving primary implant stability, particularly at low-density bone sites. Drilling torque value (DTV) has been proposed as an indicator of bone density and may help guide drilling preparation protocols to improve primary stability. However, the relationship between DTV and primary stability, especially histological bone parameters in biological bone, remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the influence of different drilling protocols for primary stability at low-density bone detected by DTVs in biological cancellous bones.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancellous bone blocks obtained from bovine ribs were used. A specially designed torque measurement drill was used to assess bone density intraoperatively. Based on the DTVs, low-density bone sites corresponding to Misch D4 and D5 were selected. The dental Implants were placed using either a normal or undersized drilling protocol. The DTVs, insertion torque values (ITVs), and implant stability quotient (ISQ) were recorded. Histological evaluation was performed to assess the bone area fraction (BAF) around the implant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ITVs were lower than the clinically recommended range for primary stability in both groups; however, they were significantly higher in the undersized group than in the normal-sized group. The DTVs positively correlated with the ITVs in both groups. A positive correlation between DTV and ISQ was observed only in the normal-sized group, whereas ITV was positively correlated with ISQ in both groups. Histological analysis revealed no significant difference in BAF between the two groups. BAF positively correlated with DTV, ITV, and ISQ.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DTV reflects the existing bone volume of low-density tissue and is correlated with primary stability. Intraoperative assessment of drilling torque would facilitate the selection of appropriate drilling protocols to achieve primary stability. Bone density evaluation by measuring the DTV may provide a clinically useful method for the intraoperative evaluation at low-density implant sites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70430","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Thickness in the Color Masking Ability of Different Types of Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Ceramics","authors":"Seyede Mohaddeseh Hosseini Kalej,&nbsp;Behnaz Esmaeili,&nbsp;Ghazaleh Ahmadi Zenouz,&nbsp;Hemmat Gholinia","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70438","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tooth discoloration is a major esthetic concern in cosmetic dentistry. This study investigated the color-masking ability of four CAD/CAM ceramics and the influence of material type and thickness on their optical properties.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 120 A1-shade CAD/CAM ceramic specimens were prepared from Vitablocs Mark II, Vita Suprinity PC, Celtra Duo, and Ceramill Zolid FX (<i>n</i> = 30 per material). Each material was fabricated in three thicknesses (0.5, 1, and 1.5 mm; <i>n</i> = 10). Color-masking ability was evaluated using A1 and A5 composite substrates. Translucency of 1-mm specimens was assessed against black and white backgrounds. CIELab values were measured using a spectrophotometer, and color differences (Δ<i>E</i>^∗_ab, Δ<i>E</i>₀₀) and translucency parameters (TP, TP₀₀) were calculated. Data were analyzed using one-way and two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ceramic thickness significantly influenced color differences, with thicker ceramics exhibiting lower color differences and greater masking ability (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Significant differences in translucency parameters and color difference values were also observed among the tested ceramics (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Zolid FX at 1.5 mm showed the highest color-masking ability, whereas Vita Suprinity at 0.5 mm showed the lowest.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study showed that increasing the thickness of ceramic materials significantly improved their ability to mask underlying colors, highlighting the importance of material depth in achieving esthetic results. Furthermore, it was found that a thickness of at least 1 mm is required for zirconia ceramics (ZF) and 1.5 mm for VM ceramics to effectively mask an A5 background shade. In contrast, Celtra (CD) and Vita Suprinity (VS) ceramics did not demonstrate adequate color masking effectiveness at any of the tested thicknesses, indicating their drawbacks for clinical scenarios where optimal esthetic outcomes are essential.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70438","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Dental Treatment of Patients Attending a UK Dental Hospital—A Descriptive Study","authors":"Jing Kang,&nbsp;Chenyi Gao,&nbsp;Nikolaos Donos,&nbsp;Vanessa Muirhead,&nbsp;Sue Pavitt,&nbsp;Jianhua Wu","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70427","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70427","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the clinical characteristics and dental treatment for patients treated at a dental hospital in the United Kingdom.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This descriptive study utilized anonymized routinely collected electronic health record data from dental patients who attended Leeds Dental Institute, collected from 2014 to 2023. Patient characteristics, comorbidities and completion of dental treatment were reported through descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation [SD]; percentage) and by clinic attended.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 109,718 patients were included in this study, of whom 58,964 (54%) were female, and 43,828 (40%) lived in the most deprived areas in England. The most frequently recorded comorbidities were joint or bone problems (<i>n</i> = 4913, 5%), chest or breathing problems (<i>n</i> = 4619, 4%), and heart problems (<i>n</i> = 4455, 4%). Across clinic groups, the proportion of patients with at least one recorded comorbidity was highest among those attending periodontal/restorative clinics (24%) and acute dental care clinics (19%). Less than half of all patients (<i>n</i> = 52,655, 48%) completed their dental treatment. Oral surgery had the highest percentage of patients who completed their treatment (<i>n</i> = 10,459, 71%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics reported in this study reflect a large population of dental patients from Leeds and the surrounding region. The findings of this study are consistent with literature showing sociodemographic trends in dental attendance. Future linkage of dental electronic health records with hospital records could improve understanding of the complexities of oral-systemic associations further.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Health of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease—A Cross-Sectional Survey in Austria","authors":"Kristina Bertl,&nbsp;Arghavan Yari,&nbsp;Anna Riener,&nbsp;Johan Burisch,&nbsp;Nikolaos Pandis,&nbsp;Hady Haririan,&nbsp;Andreas Stavropoulos","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70398","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70398","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional survey aimed to assess oral health in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) living in Austria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data collection was conducted with an online questionnaire, including when possible validated tools, covering general medical history, socioeconomic factors, IBD-related parameters, and various oral health parameters, that is, tooth loss rate, prevalence of severe periodontitis, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), and presence of oral lesions. The questionnaire was disseminated to the members of the Austrian Crohn's Disease/Ulcerative Colitis Association.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analysis included the responses of 327 patients (68% female; average age 46 years), 134 with ulcerative colitis (UC) or IBD unclassified, and 193 with Crohn's disease (CD). Based on self-reported data, about 85% of the patients reported intake of an IBD-related medication and about two thirds of the responders reported some IBD activity in the past 12 months. Approximately 24% of the patients had &lt; 20 remaining teeth, 34% had severe periodontitis, and 7% reported poor OHRQoL. IBD diagnosis did not affect the odds for having &lt; 20 teeth or self-reported severe periodontitis, but patients with CD presented more frequently with poor OHRQoL. In addition, patients with CD received more frequently information from their physician on the possibility of oral lesions due to IBD; however, &gt; 50% of all patients indicated not having any problems with oral lesions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral health remains inadequately addressed in patients with IBD despite the significant need for dental care. Hence, treating physicians should motivate patients with IBD to inform their dentist about their diagnosis and to maintain regular dental checkups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13429031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148653217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the Mechanical and Biofilm Surface Formation of 3D Printed Resins and Milled PMMA Blocks With and Without Inorganic Fillers.","authors":"Indyara Cerutti, Juliana S R de Andrade, Andressa da Silva Barboza, Jaqueline B Machado, Dewey Du-Hyeong Lee, Mateus Bertolini Fernandes Dos Santos","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70433","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Despite the growing number of studies assessing the performance of temporary restorative materials fabricated through CAD/CAM technologies, comparative analyses among 3D printed resins and milled PMMA blocks with differing compositions remain limited. This study compared mechanical and biofilm surface formation of 3D printed resins PMMA blocks with different compositions, using composite resin as control.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Bar‑shaped (25 × 2 × 2 mm) and disc‑shaped (6 × 2 mm) specimens were fabricated. Flexural strength was evaluated by three‑point bending (ISO 4049), and Vickers microhardness was recorded. Multispecies biofilm formation was quantified using CFU/mL and examined morphologically via SEM. Statistical significance was set at α = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 3D printed resins and milled hybrid PMMA showed the lowest flexural strength, with no significant differences between them, while the composite resin achieved the highest and statistically superior values (p < 0.001). 3D printed resin without inorganic fillers showed the lowest Vickers microhardness values (12.66 ± 0.83 HK) while 3D printed resin with inorganic fillers (15.20 ± 1.94 HK) and milled conventional PMMA (16.03 ± 1.35 HK) exhibited higher values. However, none of them differed statistically from the 3D printed resin without inorganic fillers (p = 0.064). Conversely, milled hybrid PMMA (16.67 ± 2.10 HK) demonstrated significantly higher Vickers microhardness than 3 d printed resin with inorganic fillers (p < 0.001). Biofilm formation ranged from 2.26 × 10⁷ to 2.82 × 10⁷ CFU/mL, with no significant differences among materials (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Milled and 3D printed materials demonstrated comparable mechanical behavior while composite resin remained the performance benchmark. Material selection for provisional restorations should account for mechanical behavior and biological interactions, as surface treatment and clinical conditions may influence microbial colonization.</p>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"e70433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Advanced Irrigant Activation Protocols on Hydrogel Removal From Standardized Artificial Lateral Canals: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Alfonso Acerra, Dina Abdellatif, Francesco Giordano, Davide Mancino, Gianrico Spagnuolo, Mariangela Cernera, Alfredo Iandolo","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70442","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare irrigant activation protocols for hydrogel removal from standardized artificial lateral canals.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>One hundred and seventy-six 3D-printed resin blocks reproducing a standardized root canal with two lateral canals were used. The lateral canals were filled with gelatin-hyaluronan hydrogel as an organic-debris surrogate. Blocks were randomized to 16 groups (A1-A8, B1-B8; n = 11/group). Group A protocols used 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), whereas Group B protocols used 3% NaOCl with Dual Rinse HEDP. The primary outcome was net specimen mass loss (W2-W3), determined gravimetrically. Optical microscopy provided descriptive support. Non-parametric analyses were applied to the gravimetric outcome (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Saline controls and conventional syringe-irrigation groups showed no detectable net mass loss at the balance readability of 0.1 mg. Net mass loss increased from sonic and ultrasonic activation to protocols combining internal heating with activation. Groups A7 and B7 produced the greatest median net mass loss (0.60 mg). Descriptive microscopy indicated greater hydrogel removal from the smaller apical lateral canal in Groups A6-A8 and B6-B8 than in Groups A3-A5 and B3-B5, with the greatest removal in A7 and B7. No significant gravimetric differences were detected between corresponding Group A and Group B protocols (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the limitations of this thermosensitive hydrogel model, protocols combining internal heating with manual dynamic, ultrasonic or sonic activation were associated with greater net mass loss and microscopy-based hydrogel removal than conventional irrigation or single-mode activation. Although consistent with the temperature-dependent increase in NaOCl tissue-dissolving activity, chemical dissolution could not be distinguished from thermally induced hydrogel softening and mechanical displacement. No protocol completely removed hydrogel from the smaller apical lateral canal, and the findings should not be extrapolated directly to clinical root canal systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"e70442"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13519040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}