Effect of Low-Intensity Electrical Stimulation on External Apical Root Resorption and Periodontal Indices Following En-Masse Retraction of Upper Anterior Teeth in Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI:10.1002/cre2.70188

Rashad I. Shaadouh, Mohammad Y. Hajeer, Mohammad Khursheed Alam, Samer T. Jaber

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate external apical root resorption (EARR) and periodontal indices during en-masse retraction of maxillary anterior teeth stimulated with low-intensity electrical currents.

Trial Design

A two-arm randomized controlled trial.

Methods

Young adult patients who visited the Department of Orthodontics at Damascus University between November 2023 and March 2024 and met predefined inclusion criteria were randomly allocated into two groups using block randomization. The study included 34 patients, with 17 assigned to the electrically stimulated en-masse retraction (ESER) group and 17 to the conventional en-masse retraction (CER) group. The force for the en-masse retraction technique in both groups was 250 g per side. The force was applied through bilateral closed-coil nickel-titanium springs anchored to an orthodontic mini-screw on each side. In the ESER group, each upper anterior tooth was subjected to a continuous electrical stimulation of 15–20 µA for 5 h daily, utilizing an intraoral removable electrical stimulation device. EARR was assessed using digital panoramic radiographs. Four periodontal indices were also used to assess periodontal status. Blinding was confined to data analysis.

Results

Thirty-four patients (26 females and 8 males) were analyzed with a mean age of 21.12 ± 2.41 years. At the end of the en-masse retraction phase, no significant difference in EARR was observed between the two groups (p > 0.05). The observed root resorption in the ESER and CER ranged between 0.27 and 0.64 and 0.32 and 0.71 mm, respectively. Also, insignificant differences were found in all periodontal indices studied at all measurement points between the two groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Low-intensity electrical stimulation had no significant effect on root resorption during the en-masse retraction of the six upper anterior teeth. Both groups exhibited comparable slight root resorption without any significant difference between them. Additionally, low-intensity electrical stimulation did not affect the periodontal status during en-masse retraction.

Trail Registration

Clinical Trials database (NCT06873490).

Abstract Image

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低强度电刺激对青年前牙大规模内收后外根尖吸收和牙周指数的影响：一项随机对照试验

目的评价低强度电流刺激下上颌前牙大面积内缩时的外根尖吸收及牙周指标。试验设计：两组随机对照试验。方法将2023年11月至2024年3月在大马士革大学正畸科就诊的符合预定纳入标准的年轻成人患者采用分组随机法随机分为两组。该研究包括34例患者，其中17例被分配到电刺激大规模牵开（ESER）组，17例被分配到常规大规模牵开（CER）组。两组的大规模内收术力均为每侧250 g。力是通过双侧封闭线圈镍钛弹簧施加的，弹簧固定在每侧的正畸微型螺钉上。在ESER组，每颗上前牙接受15-20µa的连续电刺激，每天5小时，使用口内可移动电刺激装置。采用数字全景x线片评估EARR。四项牙周指标也用于评估牙周状况。盲法仅限于数据分析。结果34例患者，女性26例，男性8例，平均年龄21.12±2.41岁。在大规模牵回期结束时，两组间的EARR无显著差异（p > 0.05）。ESER和CER的根吸收分别在0.27 ~ 0.64 mm和0.32 ~ 0.71 mm之间。两组各测点牙周指标差异均无统计学意义（p > 0.05）。结论低强度电刺激对6颗上前牙整体后缩时牙根吸收无明显影响。两组均表现出相当轻微的牙根吸收，两组间无显著差异。此外，低强度电刺激不影响牙周状态。临床试验数据库（NCT06873490）。

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来源期刊

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

5.60%

发文量

165

审稿时长

26 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical and Experimental Dental Research aims to provide open access peer-reviewed publications of high scientific quality representing original clinical, diagnostic or experimental work within all disciplines and fields of oral medicine and dentistry. The scope of Clinical and Experimental Dental Research comprises original research material on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of oro-facial, oro-pharyngeal and maxillofacial tissues, and functions and dysfunctions within the stomatognathic system, and the epidemiology, aetiology, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of diseases and conditions that have an effect on the homeostasis of the mouth, jaws, and closely associated structures, as well as the healing and regeneration and the clinical aspects of replacement of hard and soft tissues with biomaterials, and the rehabilitation of stomatognathic functions. Studies that bring new knowledge on how to advance health on the individual or public health levels, including interactions between oral and general health and ill-health are welcome.