Pharmacological Research - Natural Products最新文献

{"title":"Phytochemistry, antibacterial and toxicity properties of Phyllanthus emblica linn fruit extracts against gastrointestinal pathogens and their interactions with antibiotics","authors":"Gagan Tiwana ,&nbsp;Ian Edwin Cock ,&nbsp;Matthew James Cheesman","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Phyllanthus emblica</em> L. (syn. <em>Emblica officinalis</em> Gaertn.), widely known as amla or Indian gooseberry, holds a significant place in Ayurvedic medicine due to its reputed benefits in promoting longevity, enhancing digestion, and strengthening immunity. Traditionally, its fruits have been used to treat respiratory infections, skin ailments, and gastrointestinal disorders. This research examined the antibacterial activity of <em>P. emblica</em> fruit extracts against the major gastrointestinal bacterial pathogens <em>Bacillus cereus</em>, <em>Shigella flexneri</em>, <em>Shigella sonnei</em>, and <em>Salmonella typhimurium</em>, utilising agar diffusion and broth microdilution assays. Zones of inhibition (10–13 mm) were observed for <em>S. sonnei</em>, <em>S. flexneri</em>, and <em>B. cereus</em> on agar, while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values varied between 185 and 2531 µg/mL. However, the aqueous and methanolic extracts demonstrated weak activity against <em>S. typhimurium</em>, with MIC values ranging from 2956 to 5063 µg/mL and no detectable inhibition on agar plates. The impact of combining the extracts with selected conventional antibiotics was further assessed through the calculation of the sum of fractional inhibition concentration (∑FIC) where 15 additive (∑FIC = 0.5 – 1.0) and 9 antagonistic interactions (∑FIC &gt; 4.0) were observed between extract and antibiotics against the gastrointestinal pathogens. Phytochemical analysis using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) identified noteworthy flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, and tannins. Toxicity evaluation using <em>Artemia</em> nauplii bioassays indicated that all extracts were nontoxic. These findings highlight the antibacterial potential and safety of <em>P. emblica</em> extracts, making them promising candidates for antibiotic development. Their mechanisms of action and detailed phytochemical properties require further study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lutein as a liver guardian: Insights into its hepatoprotective mechanisms, bioavailability, and emerging therapeutic roles","authors":"Akash Vikal ,&nbsp;Rashmi Maurya ,&nbsp;Preeti Patel ,&nbsp;Balak Das Kurmi","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liver diseases, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are significant global health issues that contribute to over two million deaths annually. Conventional treatments, such as liver transplants, often have limitations, including adverse side effects, limited effectiveness, and high costs. Consequently, there has been growing interest in natural compounds like Lutein (LU), a carotenoid recognized for its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic properties. Derived primarily from green leafy vegetables, LU has shown promising hepatoprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and liver fibrosis. This review examines LU's mechanisms of action, including its ability to enhance antioxidant enzyme activity, suppress pro-inflammatory pathways, and regulate lipid metabolism. By targeting key molecular pathways involved in liver protection, LU holds potential as a safer, natural therapeutic option for managing and preventing liver diseases. Furthermore, recent advancements in nanoparticle technology have increased the bioavailability of LU, further enhancing its therapeutic potential. This review highlights the promise of LU as a complementary or alternative approach for liver health, underscoring the need for further research to establish its clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curculigo pilosa (Schumach. & Thonn.) Engl rhizome protects against aluminum chloride - induced neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster model","authors":"Damilola A. Omoboyowa ,&nbsp;Funmilayo E. Ojo ,&nbsp;Modupe Samuel ,&nbsp;Stanley Leleji ,&nbsp;Damilola V. Okeyomi ,&nbsp;Parker E. Joshua","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurotoxic effect of aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) is mediated by pro-oxidants property, <em>Curculigo pilosa</em> rhizome has been reported for its anti-oxidant potential. This study evaluates the ameliorative potential of <em>C. pilosa</em> in AlCl₃-induced neurotoxicity in Harwich strain of <em>Drosophila melanogaster. C. pilosa</em> rhizome was extracted with four solvents. The extracts were subjected to in vitro antioxidant assays using standard procedures. A 30-day survival assay was performed on the most potent extract (EECP) to determine the safe concentration. Flies were exposed to AlCl₃ and/or EECP for 7 days. Oxidative stress markers and mRNA expression of neurological genes were carried out using standard methods. Structural bioinformatics analysis was performed on the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and compounds from EECP using Blastp and Schrodinger suite. The results revealed that, EECP restored protein, thiol imbalance and glutathione peroxidase activity in AlCl₃-induced flies. There was non-significant (P &gt; 0.05) down regulation in the tyrosine hydroxylase (PALE gene) and dopamine receptor genes of EECP exposed AlCl₃-induced flies. Phlorizon and curculigoside showed the best binding affinity and molecular dynamics simulation reveals stability of the hits at the binding domain for 100 ns. Overall, <em>C. pilosa</em> ameliorated AlCl₃-induced toxicity in <em>D. melanogaster</em> resulting from its free radical scavenging potential; therefore, the plant can be explore as therapeutic plant against AlCl₃-induced neurotoxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From root to remedy: Exploring the pharmacological and nanomedical potential of Raphanus sativus","authors":"Dinesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Devesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Vaibhav Kumar ,&nbsp;Sushil Kumar ,&nbsp;Vidhan Chand Bala ,&nbsp;Thakur Gurjeet Singh ,&nbsp;Mohit Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Raphanus sativus</em> (<em>R. sativus</em>), commonly known as radish, has been widely utilised in traditional medicine, particularly in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), due to its numerous medicinal properties. This study thoroughly analyses the pharmacological and therapeutic potential of <em>R. sativus</em>, highlighting its bioactive components, such as glucosinolates, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and isothiocyanates. These phytochemicals have shown various pharmacological actions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antibacterial properties. Recent breakthroughs in nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have enhanced the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of bioactive substances, thereby improved their therapeutic effectiveness and broadened their potential uses in contemporary medicine. However, several challenges remain, including variability in phytochemical composition, a lack of comprehensive clinical studies, and the absence of standardized extraction and formulation protocols. Future investigations should focus on the isolation and characterization of novel bioactive compounds, elucidation of their mechanisms of action, and assessment of their potential synergistic effects with existing pharmaceuticals or medicinal plants. Integrating modern pharmacological approaches with traditional medicinal knowledge holds significant potential for the development of innovative natural therapeutics derived from <em>Raphanus sativus</em>, thereby contributing to the advancement of evidence-based herbal medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Camellia sinensis as a STAT inhibitor in the management and prevention of breast cancer: A review","authors":"Panneerselvam Theivendren ,&nbsp;Parkavi Gopalakrishnan ,&nbsp;Akshaya Sivakumar ,&nbsp;Sudhakar Pachiappan ,&nbsp;Jithendra Chimakurthy ,&nbsp;Anusuya Murugavel","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer represents a significant global health challenge, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic and preventive strategies. The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) signaling pathway, particularly STAT3 and STAT5, plays a pivotal role in breast cancer pathogenesis by regulating cellular proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and immune evasion mechanisms. Dysregulation of this pathway has been implicated in tumor aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance. This review evaluates the therapeutic efficacy of <em>Camellia sinensis</em> (green tea) extracts, particularly epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), in breast cancer management through STAT pathway modulation. Comprehensive analysis of preclinical and clinical evidence demonstrates that EGCG effectively inhibits STAT activation, induces apoptosis, suppresses tumor progression, and prevents metastatic spread. The multifaceted anti-cancer properties of green tea polyphenols are attributed to their potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Despite promising therapeutic outcomes, clinical translation remains challenging due to variability in treatment responses, necessitating further investigation into optimal dosing regimens, bioavailability profiles, and mechanistic pathways. Critical limitations include standardization of <em>Camellia sinensis</em> bioactive compounds, safety assessment protocols, and personalized treatment approaches. In conclusion, <em>Camellia sinensis</em> demonstrates considerable potential as an adjuvant therapeutic agent for STAT pathway modulation in breast cancer treatment. Integration of green tea polyphenols into conventional therapeutic regimens may enhance treatment efficacy while mitigating resistance mechanisms. However, rigorous clinical trials are essential to validate therapeutic benefits and establish evidence-based protocols for optimal breast cancer prevention and management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global trends on Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees (Kalmegh): A multifarious herb","authors":"Vipasha Sharma,&nbsp;Ashun Chaudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>Andrographis paniculata</em> widely referred to as Kalmegh in the Indian subcontinent is a medicinal herb with multifarious pharmacological activities like anti-malarial, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer, etc.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aims to bibliometrically analyse the global trends pertaining to research work on Kalmegh known scientifically as <em>Andrographis paniculata</em> (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees. <em><strong>Methodology:</strong></em></div><div>For this review the database was queried using the keyword “Kalmegh” and the time period from 2000 to 2024 was taken into account. The data acquired from Scopus database was analysed manually and subsequently mapped and plotted utilizing the R-tool’s Biblioshiny app of Bibliometrix package for bibliometric analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We took into consideration 119 sources and 164 documents. Consequently, Bibliometrix exhibited an annual growth rate of 10.07 %, The study identified top 10 in terms of countries, affiliations, sources, authors and their collaborations and networks. The study analyses the overall data and provides the distribution frequency of authors and sources in through Lotka’s and Bradford’s Law, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This bibliometric study illustrates Kalmegh's increasing global importance, with India and Southeast Asia leading in research publication. Even though pharmacological studies continue to dominate; however, new emerging areas of study emphasizes the vast opportunities. More collaboration across disciplines, more robust standards, and more clinical verification is warranted to ensure that traditional knowledge can be deployed in modern therapeutics and there is a need for ongoing exploration and support.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemicals as therapeutic strategy for oral mucositis in cancer patients","authors":"Camila Damásio de Paula ,&nbsp;Pedro Luiz Rosalen ,&nbsp;Patrícia Maria Fernandes ,&nbsp;Camila Manoel Crnkovic ,&nbsp;Ana Sofia Martelli Chaib Saliba ,&nbsp;Severino Matias de Alencar ,&nbsp;Alan Giovanini de Oliveira Sartori","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oral mucositis (OM) is a severe toxicity of cancer therapy that often leads to treatment delays or interruptions, compromising patients’ oral functions, nutrition, quality of life and, ultimately, disease outcome. Although OM is a frequent and limiting condition, there are few approved approaches available and none of them can avoid completely its onset. The primary objective of this review was to critically present findings from randomized controlled clinical trials investigating the use of medicinal plants and bee products as therapeutic strategy for OM induced by radiotherapy or chemotherapy regimens, while evaluating reports on the phytochemical characterization of the products used as well. Analysis revealed that several studies lacked information on the phytochemical composition of the products used, and variations in this composition may influence the outcomes of a clinical trial. This review presents the main bioactive constituents for each natural product investigated in clinical trials for OM alleviation and indicates analytical methods to determine them. A secondary objective of this review was to assess toxicity outcomes of the use of these products. Most studies report toxicity outcomes evasively, highlighting the need for more thorough reporting that may guide the development of safer pharmaceutical forms. Overall, strengths and pitfalls of the reviewed studies are presented and discussed. In conclusion, this review may support future research to strengthen the evidence base for the therapeutic use of medicinal plants and bee products to broaden OM management strategies for cancer patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening, isolation and characterization of bioactive compound from ethanol extract of Maesa indica (Roxb.) Sweet leaf against HepG2 cancer cells","authors":"K.P. Pooja ,&nbsp;H.C. Shrishail ,&nbsp;K.G. Aishwarya","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Maesa indica</em> (Roxb.) Sweet, is an evergreen shrub of the primulaceae family, is used traditionally for medicinal uses, including cancer treatment. However, phytochemical and bioactivity studies on its leaf extract remain limited. This study aims to analyze the phytochemical composition and identify bioactive compounds using LC-Q-TOF-MS, isolate and characterize a pure compound, and to evaluate its cytotoxic efficacy. To characterize the compound, we used HPLC, LCMS, NMR &amp; FTIR techniques. <em>In-vitro</em> cytotoxicity of the leaf crude extract and the isolated compound was determined by MTT assay against the HepG2 cell line. The study revealed the presence of a wide range of phytochemicals. LC-Q-TOF-MS analysis confirmed the presence of 10 bioactive compounds. The isolated compound was identified as hesperetin. The MTT assay exhibited a concentration-dependent effect, with the ethanol extract showing an IC₅₀ value of 122.19 ± 0.44 µg/mL against HepG2 cells. Hesperetin exhibited moderate cytotoxic efficacy with an IC₅₀ value of 66.25 ± 0.96 µg/mL (p &lt; 0.05). The results showed that leaf ethanol extract may contain effective compounds with a broad spectrum of curative applications. This report is the first one on the isolation of hesperetin and the characterization of a compound from the leaf ethanol extract of <em>M. indica</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green-synthesized copper oxide microsponge gel loaded with Ixora coccinea and Rhododendron arboreum for antibacterial wound healing applications","authors":"Pavithra Bharathy ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Rani Edwin ,&nbsp;Jelis priya Nagarajan ,&nbsp;Naveenraaj jeyaprakash ,&nbsp;Punniyakoti Veeraveedu Thanikachalam","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Copper oxide microsponges (CuOMs) synthesized using <em>Ixora coccinea</em> L. and <em>Rhododendron arboreum</em> Sm. flower extracts have shown potential as novel antimicrobial agents. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of these green-synthesized CuOMs and their application in wound care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>CuOMs were fabricated via a quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method using copper nitrate, with plant extracts serving as reducing and stabilizing agents. The synthesized microsponges were characterized using UV, FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, Zeta sizer and LC-MS. The antibacterial activity was assessed using agar well diffusion, time-kill assays and biochemical analyses including protein and cytoplasmic leakage against wound-associated pathogens such as <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The CuOMs incorporated gel exhibited substantial antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones ranging from 14 to 22 mm. LC-MS studies shows presence of quercetin and rutin in both plant extract plays a major role in wound healing. Time-kill assays demonstrated rapid bactericidal effects within 2 h, particularly against <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. Protein and cytoplasmic leakage assays indicate significant disruption of bacterial membranes, confirming the microsponge mechanism of action. Among all the tested pathogens, <em>P. aeruginosa</em> showed the greatest susceptibility.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The biosynthesized CuOMs exhibited strong antibacterial properties and effectively disrupted bacterial cell integrity. The incorporation of these compounds into a topical gel matrix offers a promising strategy for wound healing and infection control. The synergistic effect of copper oxide and bioactive plant compounds supports their potential as safe and effective alternatives for antimicrobial wound therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical profiling and antioxidant potential in the beans of Vanilla borneensis Rolfe – a rare, endemic, and threatened Orchid of Assam, India","authors":"Sneha Hasnu ,&nbsp;Bikash Kumar Kundu ,&nbsp;Beauty Rani Basumatary ,&nbsp;Dikshit Goswami ,&nbsp;Sankar Som ,&nbsp;Mehzabin Rehman ,&nbsp;Bhaben Tanti","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Vanilla borneensis</em> Rolfe, a rare, endemic, and critically endangered orchid native to Assam, India, holds substantial ecological and ethnobotanical value. However, its phytochemical and pharmacological attributes remain largely uncharacterized. In light of increasing efforts to conserve endangered species through value-added utilization, this study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of <em>V. borneensis</em> beans to inform both conservation and bioprospecting strategies. Beans were obtained through controlled hand pollination and subjected to a standardized curing protocol. Methanol and ethanol extracts were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative phytochemical assays, revealing the presence of flavonoids, phenols, diterpenoids, coumarins, alkaloids, sugars, glycosides, phytosterols, and trace tannins. Quantitative profiling indicated higher flavonoid, tannin, and alkaloid content in ethanol extracts. Antioxidant evaluation using DPPH, ABTS, H₂O₂ scavenging, and total antioxidant capacity assays showed superior activity in ethanol extracts, with IC₅₀ values of 86.69 ppm (ethanol) and 99.26 ppm (methanol) in DPPH assays. Notably, both extracts exhibited stronger H₂O₂ scavenging activity compared to ascorbic acid. GC–MS analysis identified 11 major volatiles in ethanol and 17 in methanol extracts, including food- and fragrance-relevant compounds such as N-ethylacetamide, 1,8-cineole, and methyl esters of long-chain fatty acids. Although vanillin was absent, the detected compounds possess industrial applicability in food, cosmetics, and nutraceuticals. These findings underscore the pharmacological and conservation relevance of <em>V. borneensis</em>, offering a scientific foundation for its sustainable utilization and protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}