Pharmacological Research - Natural Products最新文献

{"title":"Comprehensive evaluation of essential oil from stemodia viscosa roxb: Chemical composition, antimicrobial, antimycobacterial, antiangiogenic, and anticancer potential with apoptosis and cell cycle analysis","authors":"Alfredi A. Moyo , Trupti B. Yadav , Sneha R. Bhosale , Raphael Matinde , Alphonce Ignace Marealle , Vitus A. Nyigo , Vinod B. Shimpale , Prashant V. Anbhule","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em><strong>Stemodia viscosa</strong></em> <strong>Roxb.,</strong> an aromatic herb, has traditionally been used in the Western Ghats region of India to treat and manage various microbial infections and cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The study aimed to explore the chemical composition, antimicrobial, anti-angiogenic, and anticancer effects of the essential oil and reveal the mechanism of action based on <em>in vitro</em> and <em>ex ovo</em> experimental techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The essential oil was extracted using hydrodistillation and characterized through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were tested using agar well diffusion and microdilution against <em><strong>Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger</strong></em><strong>,</strong> and <em><strong>Aspergillus flavus</strong></em>, while antimycobacterial activity was evaluated against <em>Mycobacterium avium</em> and <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> using the Alamar Blue assay. Anticancer activity was assessed using the MTT assay, while the Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) assay was used to evaluate antiangiogenic effects. Apoptosis and cell cycle analyses were conducted using flow cytometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventy six compounds were identified in the essential oil. The oil demonstrated significant antibacterial activity <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> with zone of inhibition: 16 ± 1.08 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 31.25 µg/mL. <em>Aspergillus flavus</em> was most affected by the oil compared to the other fungi, with a zone of inhibition measuring 17 ± 0.45 mm and a MIC value of 15.63 µg/mL. Moderate antimycobacterial activity was observed against Mycobacterium avium with an inhibition rate of 54.33 %. Strong antioxidant activity was observed, with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 81.25 ± 1.18 μg/mL, while the antiangiogenic effects demonstrated significant suppression of vascularization in the CAM model. The essential oil exhibited potent anticancer activity against lung cancer cells (IC<sub>50</sub> = 49.07 ± 0.74 µg/mL) with high selectivity for cancer cells (SI = 5.34). Mechanist<sub>ic</sub> studies revealed significant cell death by inducing apoptosis and causing cell cycle arrest at the G1 and G2 phases in A549 human lung cancer cells.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>A comparison of the antimicrobial and anticancer results revealed that the essential oil from <em>S. viscosa</em> exhibited significant anticancer activity, with the proposed mechanism involving cell cycle arrest in A549 human lung cancer cells.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Although apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were observed, specific molecular targets or pathways responsible for the observed anticancer effects were not elucidated.</div></div><div><h3>C","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Citral as an anti-inflammatory agent: Mechanisms, therapeutic potential, and perspectives","authors":"Isabelly G. Solon,&nbsp;Wanderson S. Santos,&nbsp;Luiz G.S. Branco","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Citral, a natural monoterpene aldehyde found in plants like lemongrass and lemon balm, has been extensively studied for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. This review aims to comprehensively analyze citral's pathophysiological roles in inflammatory conditions, highlighting its mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential. Citral has been shown to modulate key inflammatory pathways, including the inhibition of COX-2 and NF-κB, reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). These molecular actions support citral’s ability to alleviate inflammation in various systems, including respiratory, gastrointestinal, neuroinflammatory, and orofacial conditions. Traditional uses of citral-rich plants in ethnopharmacology, particularly in Asia, Africa, and South America, have long underpinned its application in managing symptoms of inflammation. Modern research further validates these uses, suggesting that citral may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. Despite its promising benefits, the full therapeutic potential of citral remains underexplored, with limited clinical studies and a lack of clarity regarding its long-term safety and bioavailability. This review discusses current research gaps, future directions, and the potential integration of citral into clinical practices. By bridging traditional knowledge with contemporary pharmacological research, citral stands as a candidate for the development of novel anti-inflammatory treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143921658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical evaluation, safety profile and hepato-renal protective potential of Green Gold Spirulina capsules containing Spirulina platensis in rats","authors":"Monika Bhadauria ,&nbsp;Samrat Rakshit ,&nbsp;Shamli S. Gupte ,&nbsp;Sangeeta Shukla ,&nbsp;Om Prakash Agrawal ,&nbsp;Sadhana Shrivastava ,&nbsp;Satendra Kumar Nirala","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evaluation of major phytochemical constituents and free radical scavenging activity of commercially available Green Gold capsules containing <em>Spirulina platensis</em> (GG <em>Spirulina</em>) was carried out in this investigation. Antioxidant, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective potential of GG <em>Spirulina</em> (125 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, po) was also validated. Acute dose (1 ml/kg, ip) of carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) was administered to induce acute dysfunctions in liver and kidney in rats. Results indicated the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, flavonones and flavonols in GG <em>Spirulina</em> and possess H₂O₂ scavenging activity. Choleretic activity of GG <em>Spirulina</em> at 250 mg/kg dose showed no adverse effects on liver indicating its safe consumption at 250 mg/kg dose. Administration of CCl₄ altered various diagnostic variables. Treatment of GG <em>Spirulina</em> significantly controlled concentration of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, albumin, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea and uric acid in serum and maintained various hematological indices towards control. Treatment of GG <em>Spirulina</em> reduced lipid peroxidation in liver, kidney and microsomes, enhanced glutathione level and prevented from severe alterations in histoarchitecture of liver and kidney. Protective effect of GG <em>Spirulina</em> at doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg was statistically compared to silymarin as positive control and found that effectiveness of 250 mg/kg dose of GG <em>Spirulina</em> was better than 125 mg/kg dose and silymarin in certain parameters, concluding hepato and nephroprotective potential of GG <em>Spirulina</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new insight into the phytochemistry, radical scavenging, and antimicrobial activity of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit grown in different localities","authors":"Pratibha Mishra,&nbsp;Saima Sohrab,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diverse edaphoclimatic conditions remarkably influence the pharmacological potential by affecting the synthetic ability of bioactive secondary metabolites in plants. Present research delves into exploring how the locality specific factors influence the phytochemical profile, antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of the untamed invasive weed, <em>Hyptis suaveolens</em> (L.) Poit. Advanced techniques like FTIR and GC-MS have been employed in order to identify the bioactive compounds present in the methanolic leaf extract of these plants. The therapeutic potential of the methanolic leaf extract was evaluated and compared for radical scavenging activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay and antimicrobial effectiveness employing the disc diffusion method, respectively. The IC₅₀ for radical scavenging and MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) for antimicrobial activities were determined using standard methods. Our results revealed that the methanolic leaf extracts of <em>Hyptis suaveolens</em> from localities Prayagraj (L1) and Shankargarh (L2), showed significant in-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities due to the presence of an array of diverse bioactive secondary metabolites, including unique terpenes and fatty acids such as methyl 11,12-octadieodecanate, 8,9-octadecadienoate, cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid, squalene, beta-caryophyllene and n-hexadecanoic acid synthesized in glandular and non-glandular trichomes of the leaves. These compounds are lipophilic and contain carbonyl and hydroxyl groups, effectively contributing towards these pharmacological effects. The enhanced pharmacological effect observed in L1 plants can be attributed to the presence of additional active compounds like squalene (triterpene) and n-hexadecanoic acid (fatty acid), which were absent in L2 plants. This study underscores the influence of locality specific factors in shaping the pharmacological potential of <em>Hyptis suaveolens</em>, providing valuable insights for effective use in medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticancer and apoptotic effects of orange peel extract and naringin on doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in human esophageal squamous carcinoma cell line","authors":"Mahboubeh Tajaldini ,&nbsp;Firooz Samadi ,&nbsp;Jahanbakhsh Asadi ,&nbsp;Ayoub Khosravi ,&nbsp;Faezeh Samadi","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of bioactive compounds in orange peel, which possess strong antioxidant properties, suggests that they may have pharmacological effects on cancer cells while maintaining low toxicity. This study sought to investigate the anticancer and apoptotic effects of orange peel extract (OPE) and its main flavonoid derivative, naringin (NR), on doxorubicin (Dox)-induced apoptosis in a human esophageal squamous carcinoma cell line (ESCC). The assessment of cytotoxicity and DNA fragmentation was conducted by employing the methylthiazoletetrazolium (MTT) assay and the fluorescent nuclear dye 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) assay, respectively. The levels of Bax, Bcl-2, p21, p53, and caspases 8 and 9 were quantified through the utilization of ELISA to determine the protein expression. A decline in the viability of YM-1 cells treated with OPE, NR, and Dox was observed in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of Dox with OPE and NR demonstrated a protective effect against Dox-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, normal cells exposed to Dox exhibited the lowest viability compared to other treatments, while the combination of Dox with OPE or NR reduced its cytotoxic effects. The interaction between Dox and OPE as well as NR resulted in a decrease in apoptotic bodies. The YM-1 cells subjected to treatments showed an up-regulation of the pro-apoptotic Bax gene. However, the interaction between Dox and OPE as well as NR led to the down-regulation of Bax. Furthermore, the activation of executioner caspases 8 and 9 was found in the YM-1 cell line exposed to Dox and its combination with OPE and NR. The YM-1 cells subjected to the treatments exhibited an overexpression of the anti-tumor genes p21 and p53. Conversely, the interaction between Dox and OPE as well as NR resulted in the down-regulation of the anti-tumor genes P21 and P53. In conclusion, this study suggests that OPE and NR have the potential to induce apoptosis in ESCC through Bax-dependent pathways and could serve as promising agents to mitigate the toxic effects of Dox on ESCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial effect of Vachellia farnesiana (L.) WIGHT & ARN. pod extract against gram positive and gram negative multidrug-resistant strains","authors":"Denise Aline Casimiro Bezerra ,&nbsp;Maria Anésia Sousa de Alencar ,&nbsp;Dárcio Luiz de Sousa Júnior ,&nbsp;Luciene Ferreira De Lima ,&nbsp;Ítalo Mykaell da Silva Benjamim ,&nbsp;Luiz Eduardo Oliveira Teotônio ,&nbsp;Nadghia Figueiredo Leite Sampaio ,&nbsp;Pedro Everson Alexandre De Aquino ,&nbsp;Ítalo Rosal Lustosa ,&nbsp;Joanda Paolla Raimundo e Silva ,&nbsp;Josean Fechine Tavares ,&nbsp;Marcelo Sobral da Silva ,&nbsp;Micheline Azevedo Lima ,&nbsp;Lucas Silva Abreu ,&nbsp;Jaime Ribeiro-Filho ,&nbsp;Francisco Assis Bezerra Da Cunha ,&nbsp;Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotic resistance rates have increased over time, requiring the development of new antimicrobial drugs and the identification of bioactive compounds capable of improving the effectiveness of currently available antibiotics. <em>Vachellia farnesiana</em> (L.) is a species of the Fabaceae family characterized by phenolic compounds and terpenes. Thus, considering the evidence that these compounds have significant biological effects, this study aimed to characterize the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of the ethanolic extract of <em>V. farnesiana</em> pods against standard and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined to assess the antibacterial activity of the extract, as well as to investigate its enhancing the effectiveness of amikacin, gentamicin, and clindamycin against MDR strains. Therefore, the antibiotics were combined with a sub-inhibitory extract concentration (MIC/8). The extract showed significant antibacterial activity against <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>E. coli</em>. In addition, the association of antibiotics with a sub-inhibitory concentration (MIC/8) of the extract significantly reduced the MIC of at least two drugs against different strains, indicating potentiation. Finally, the HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analyses detected the presence of 25 peaks, with the identification of 30 compounds in 22 peaks (88 %) in the extracts of <em>V. farnesiana</em> green pods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the role of luteolin as a promising bioactive for wound healing","authors":"Sandeep Prakash ,&nbsp;Akash Ved ,&nbsp;Shikha Srivastava","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural goods and human health are intimately related. Luteolin (LUT), belonging to polyphenolic flavonoid compound found to be abundant in fruits, vegetables, flowers, and plants. Notably, LUT has a range of advantageous pharmacological characteristics and has a great deal of promise for therapeutic use, especially in the areas of anticancer, anti-convulsion, diabetic management, anti-inflammatory, neuroprection, anti-oxidation, and anti-cardiovascular. The possible mode of action has been partially deciphered, involving the involvement of many mechanisms such as NF-κB, toll-like receptor, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, AMPK/mTOR, and Nrf-2. The goal of the review was to thoroughly compile all pertinent data on LUT's as best source for wound healing and its natural sources, pharmaceutical effects, therapeutic and preventative potential, and possible mechanisms. The purpose of the study was providing a theoretical framework for the ongoing advancement and utilization of LUT for wound healing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofabrication of nano-silver composites from Indian catmint-Anisomeles ovata flower buds extract and evaluation of their potential in-vitro biological applications","authors":"Shashiraj Kariyellappa Nagaraja ,&nbsp;Bidhayak Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Anil H ,&nbsp;Meghashyama Prabhakara Bhat ,&nbsp;Sreenivasa Nayaka","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research examines the phyto-fabrication of silver nanoparticles utilizing the extract from <em>Anisomeles ovata</em> flower buds, along with their potential applications in antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The synthesized AoFb-AgNPs underwent characterisation using a range of bio-analytical techniques. The synthesis was validated via UV-Vis spectrophotometry, revealing an absorption peak at 408 nm. The FTIR analysis confirmed the reduction and capping of AoFb-AgNPs, revealing peaks associated with different functional groups. The examinations conducted using SEM-EDS and TEM indicated that the AoFb-AgNPs exhibited a spherical morphology, while the EDS analysis validated the presence of silver atoms at an energy level of 3 keV. The crystalline structure of AoFb-AgNPs was elucidated through XRD studies. The size and stability of the synthesized AgNPs were determined through DLS and Zeta potential tests, resulting in a measurement of 99.7 nm. The TGA analyses of AoFb-AgNPs exhibited considerable stability across the various tested temperatures, indicating minimal weight loss. AoFb-AgNPs produced through biological synthesis exhibited strong inhibitory effects on various microbial strains. Additionally, the effectiveness of biosynthesized AoFb-AgNPs in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells was evaluated towards the Panc-1 cell line employing the MTT method. The results demonstrated that the viability of cells decreased in a manner that was dependent on the concentration. The flow cytometry analysis revealed significant percentages of cells in both early and late stages of apoptosis. This indicates that the biologically synthesized AoFb-AgNPs have the potential to be used in therapeutics to enhance their effectiveness due to their notable antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties. Additional investigation has the potential to open up new possibilities for the creation of innovative and secure treatments for cancer, utilizing biofabricated AgNPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoglycemic effects of dauricine, possibly through mitochondrial respiratory chain (complex I) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase interaction pathways","authors":"Muhammad Torequl Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Showkot Akbor ,&nbsp;Salehin Sheikh ,&nbsp;Jannatul Ferdous ,&nbsp;Raihan Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Md. Shimul Bhuia ,&nbsp;Irfan Aamer Ansari ,&nbsp;Siddique Akber Ansari ,&nbsp;Na’il Saleh ,&nbsp;Pablo Antonio Maia de Farias ,&nbsp;Henrique D.M. Coutinho ,&nbsp;Md. Amirul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two separate studies indicate that dauricine (DAU), an isoquinoline alkaloid derived from the Asian vine <em>Menispermum dauricum</em>, has shown anti-diabetic effects in laboratory animals. This study emphasizes evaluating the hypoglycemic effect against glucose-induced hyperglycemia animals <em>in vivo</em> along with possible molecular interventions of DAU through <em>in silico</em> studies. For this, adult male <em>Swiss</em> albino mice were treated with DAU (5 and 10 mg/kg) with or without the standard hypoglycemic drug metformin hydrochloride (MET) at 100 mg/kg via oral gavage and checked peripheral blood glucose levels (BGL) up to 3 hours from oral glucose administration (4 g/kg). The molecular docking study of DAU was conducted against MET-target proteins. Findings suggest that DAU dose-dependently and significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) decreased the BGL in animals from 60 minutes. At 180 minutes, it normalized BGL at both doses. With MET, it significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and profoundly reduced the BGL compared to the individually treated groups. The molecular docking studies demonstrate that DAU has a strong binding affinity of –9.9 and −8.3 kcal/mol with the mitochondrial respiratory chain (complex I) receptor and mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase receptor, respectively, whereas the standard drugs MET showed binding affinities between –4.9 and −4.3 kcal/mol for these subunits. Taken together, DAU dose-dependently reduced BGL and enhanced the hypoglycemic effect of MET in animals. We suppose that DAU may show its hypoglycemic effect on mice, possibly through mitochondrial respiratory chain (complex I) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase receptor interaction pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, GC-MS characterization, and antimicrobial activity of leaf and flower extracts of Porophyllum ruderale","authors":"Aaron Dzigbor ,&nbsp;David Neglo ,&nbsp;Clement O. Tettey ,&nbsp;Portia Alormassor","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The entire aerial part of <em>Porophyllum ruderale</em> has been reported to possess biological activities. No study has been undertaken to compare the biological activities of the aerial parts. This study aimed to compare the total phenolic content (TPC) and the biological activities of ethanolic extracts of leaves and flowers of <em>Porophyllum ruderale</em>. TPC was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, and antimicrobial activity was estimated by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the flower and leaf extract tested against test microorganisms. In addition, the interaction effects of combining the extracts with standard antimicrobial drugs were also evaluated. TPC of the flower and leaf extracts of <em>Porophyllum ruderale</em> were 381.00 ± 27.00 and 328.33 ± 49.89 mg GAE/g, respectively. The flower extract recorded significantly higher DPPH antioxidant activity (80.16 ± 5.54 %) than the leaf extract (29.74 ± 4.15 %). GC-MS analysis revealed that the major compounds found in the flower extract included 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (65.38 %), n-hexadecanoic acid (10.04 %), phytol (10.36 %) and alpha-tocopherol (10.21 %) while 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (33.55 %), phytol (22.31), and alpha-tocopherol (24.93 %) were present in the leaf extracts. The MIC of the flower extract ranged between 0.39 and 12.50 mg/mL, while the MIC of the leaf extract ranged between 0.39 and 25.00 mg/mL. The leaf extracts against antibacterial drugs showed predominantly synergistic effects, while that of the flower extract showed either synergistic, additive, or no difference effects. Thus, there are differences in their biological activity, but both extracts showed the potential to be used as antimicrobial agents, either alone or in combination with standard antimicrobial drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}