Pharmacological Research - Natural Products最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing tetracycline, ceftazidime, and amoxicillin efficacy with hydroethanolic extracts of Mammea africana (Calophyllaceae) and Baillonella toxisperma (Sapotaceae) against clinically relevant drug-resistant enteric bacteria","authors":"Armel Jackson Seukep ,&nbsp;Bobga Francine Mbu ,&nbsp;Helene Gueaba Mbuntcha ,&nbsp;Valaire Yemene Matieta ,&nbsp;Eleonore Ngounou ,&nbsp;Arnaud Fondjo Kouam ,&nbsp;Victor Kuete ,&nbsp;Benjamin D. Thumamo Pokam","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Medicinal plants are essential in our battle against drug-resistant bacteria, serving as rich sources of antibacterial agents and modifiers of antibiotic resistance. This study examined the antibacterial efficacy of hydroethanolic extracts from the leaves of <em>Mammea africana</em> (MA) and <em>Baillonella toxisperma</em> (BT) and their interactions with tetracycline, ceftazidime, and amoxicillin on a panel of clinically relevant bacterial strains and clinical isolates of <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Salmonella sp.</em>, <em>Shigella sp.</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. Broth microdilution was used for antibacterial testing, while the checkerboard assay was employed to study interactions. The qualitative phytochemical analysis adhered to established protocols. Both extracts exhibited noteworthy antibacterial activity, with MICs ranging from 8 to 1024 µg/mL. MA was the most potent, demonstrating MICs &lt; 100 µg/mL against six pathogens, including impressively low MICs (&lt;10 µg/mL) for <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>S. enteritidis</em>, exceeding those of the reference antibiotic (tetracycline). MA also showed bactericidal effects against most drug-resistant strains tested. The combination revealed significant synergistic (fractional inhibitory concentrations, FICi = 0.281–0.5) and additive effects (FICi = 0.625–1), reducing the antibiotic MICs by 2–32-fold. Both extracts worked synergistically with amoxicillin against <em>S. typhi</em> ST-RHB. Additionally, MA demonstrated synergy with all antibiotics on <em>S. aureus</em> SA-RHB. Notably, no antagonistic effects were observed. The primary phytochemicals identified in the extracts included phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, anthocyanins, terpenoids, and saponins, all known for their antibacterial properties. The findings support the traditional use of these plants and the practice of complementing herbal preparations with conventional antibiotics. Further research is needed to identify the bioactive components and evaluate their safety and mechanisms of action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring hydrophilic and lipophilic components of Ceterach officinarum Willd. in calcium oxalate crystal transformation for renal protection","authors":"Roberta De Bellis ,&nbsp;Luca Giorgi ,&nbsp;Mariano Stornaiuolo ,&nbsp;Carmen Formisano ,&nbsp;Andrea Gorassini ,&nbsp;Mauro Formica ,&nbsp;Eleonora Macedi ,&nbsp;Tatjana Stefanovic ,&nbsp;Laura Chiarantini","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the aqueous extract of <em>Ceterach officinarum</em> (Co-AE) for its potential to regulate calcium oxalate crystallization, a key factor in kidney stone formation. Fractionation of Co-AE into hydrophilic and lipophilic components revealed their synergic roles in inhibiting calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystal formation while promoting calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) crystals. Time-resolved light scattering revealed that high molecular weight fractions (Co-CONC) were highly effective in inhibiting COM formation, achieving an EC₅₀ of 0.3 ± 0.1 µg/mL. Conversely, low molecular weight fractions (Co-UF) demonstrated limited efficacy. Analytical techniques including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectrometry identified key active components, including polysaccharides and lipids. Polysaccharides and lipids, particularly waxes and phthalates, displayed significant activity in reducing crystal size and inducing COD formation influencing crystal morphology. Additionally, Co-AE and its fractions exhibited robust antioxidant and iron-chelating capacities, as demonstrated by DPPH and ORAC assays. The iron-chelating activity of phenolic compounds, including chlorogenic acid, may further contribute to reducing oxidative stress and modifying crystal growth pathways. This research highlights the synergistic effects of polysaccharides and lipids in Co-AE, providing new insights into its mechanistic role in kidney stone prevention. The findings suggest that Co-AE holds promise as a natural therapeutic agent, with further studies needed to explore its clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the therapeutic potential of anti-obesity peptides in cancer prevention","authors":"Nidia del Carmen Quintal Bojórquez ,&nbsp;Maira Rubi Segura Campos","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Overweight and obesity are significant risk factors for cancer development, accounting for approximately 20 % of all cancer cases. Numerous studies have highlighted the potential of bioactive peptides derived from functional foods in preventing and treating noncommunicable diseases such as obesity and cancer. This study aims to analyze the role of bioactive peptides in preventing and treating obesity and the consequent reduction in cancer risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected from peer-reviewed journals and statistical information regarding cancer and obesity was sourced from relevant Global Observatories.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Reducing obesity and overweight significantly lowers the risk of cancer. Bioactive peptides have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy, offering benefits without the adverse effects of conventional drugs. These peptides act mainly by modulating lipid metabolism, inflammation, adipogenesis, and digestive enzymes linked to obesity progression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The ongoing research into bioactive peptides should motivate increased investment and research efforts towards developing effective anti-obesity therapies, which, in turn, may contribute to cancer prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurobehavioral effect of ethanol extract of Calyptrochilum emarginatum leaves in male Swiss mice","authors":"Stella Afolakemi Adeyemo ,&nbsp;Kehinde Joshua Ogundeyi ,&nbsp;Omowunmi Femi-Akinlosotu ,&nbsp;Adewale Ganiyu Bakre","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Calyptrochilum emarginatum</em> is a medicinal plant used in traditional African medicine to address conditions such as convulsive fever, memory loss, malaria, dysmenorrhea, TB, and cough. This study aimed to look into the central effects of the ethanol extract of <em>C. emarginatum</em> leaves in mice.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Ethanol extract of <em>C. emarginatum</em> leaves (EECEL) was obtained by macerating the dried, pulverized leaves in 70 % ethanol for 72 h, followed by filtration and concentration. Acute toxicity was assessed according to OECD guideline 423. Thirty male Swiss mice (18–22 g) were randomly assigned into five groups (n = 6): distilled water (10 mL/kg, p.o.), EECEL (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg, p.o.), and diazepam (5 mg/kg, i.p.). The following behavioral tests were conducted: open field test (novelty-induced rearing and grooming, locomotor activity), hole board test (sedative effect), Y-maze (working memory), and elevated plus maze (anxiety). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test in GraphPad Prism 8.4.2, with results expressed as Mean ± SEM.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The administration of EECEL (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o) resulted in a significant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.005) increase in rearing &amp; grooming [F (4, 40) = 6.537; <em>p</em> = 0.0004], and locomotion [F (4, 20) = 114.2; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001] compared to the control groups. EECEL (50–200 mg/kg) significantly [F (4, 20) = 9.317; <em>p</em> = 0.0002] increased head-dipping behavior in the hole board test compared to the control groups. EECEL (100–200 mg/kg) had a significant effect [F (4, 20) = 9.317; <em>p</em> = 0.0002] on working memory in the Y-maze, resulting in a significant increase compared to the control group. However, EECEL (50 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) had a significant effect (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001) on the index of open arm avoidance in the elevated plus maze.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The present findings suggest that the ethanol extract of <em>C. emarginatum</em> leaves (EECEL) may exert central stimulatory effects, as evidenced by increased novelty-induced rearing, grooming, head-dipping, and locomotor activity. These behavioral outcomes are indicative of heightened central excitability and exploratory drive. The study thus provides preliminary empirical support for the neurobehavioral relevance of <em>C. emarginatum</em>, a plant hitherto underexplored in neuropharmacological literature. Further investigative efforts are, however, required to delineate its mechanistic pathways, including potential interactions with specific neurotransmitter systems, as well as to evaluate sex-based responses to its administration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cassane diterpenoids and derivatives isolated from Caesalpinia pulcherrima with selective cytotoxic activity against multiple myeloma cells","authors":"Osayemwenre Erharuyi ,&nbsp;Scott Simanski ,&nbsp;Osasumwen F. Osemwota ,&nbsp;Esele D. Erharuyi ,&nbsp;Vincent O. Imieje ,&nbsp;Kennedy O. Ogbeide ,&nbsp;Abiodun Falodun","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Caesalpinia pulcherrima</em> is used ethnomedicinally for a variety of ailments. To further evaluate the biological significance of this plant, we investigated the cancer cell cytotoxic effects of the cassane diterpenoids (<strong>1</strong> – <strong>10</strong>) previously isolated from the root bark of the plant. The cytotoxic effects of the diterpenoids were evaluated on three cancer cell lines; cervical cancer (HeLa), lung cancer (A549), multiple myeloma (MM.1S) and the normal human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cells using the CellTitre-Glo assay. Compounds <strong>4</strong>, <strong>9</strong>, and <strong>10</strong> were active against the three cancer cell lines (HeLa, A549, and MM.1S), and toxic to HEK293T cells, but possess the most potent activity against multiple myeloma cells. Compounds <strong>1</strong>, <strong>2, 8,</strong> and <strong>10</strong> were active against A549 and MM.1S cells while compound <strong>7</strong> was active against MM.1S cells only. Compound <strong>10</strong> was highly selective against MM.1S with IC₅₀ of 1.07 ± 0.07 µM and 7.54 ± 0.16 µM against MM.1S and HEK293T cells, respectively. In addition, compound <strong>10</strong> showed a significant synergistic effect with bortezomib. The present study has shown a potential of the cassane diterpenoids and their derivatives as cytotoxic agents against cancer cells particularly against multiple myeloma cells either as a single therapeutic agent or in combination with known cytotoxic drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sub-acute toxicity of ethanol extract of Motandra paniculata (Poir) I.M. Turner (Apocynaceae) leaves in rats and antiproliferative activity of its bioactive compounds","authors":"Joseph O. Oiseoghaede ,&nbsp;Abimbola A. Sowemimo ,&nbsp;Olukemi A. Odukoya ,&nbsp;Peculiar F. Onyekere ,&nbsp;Chun-Tao Che","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Motandra paniculata</em> (Poir.) I.M. Turner (Apocynaceae) is used traditionally in Africa and Nigeria to manage abscesses and abnormal growths. However, the bioactive constituents responsible and its toxicity profile are unknown. The aim was to isolate and characterise bioactive chemical compounds from <em>M. paniculata</em> dried leaves, assess its antiproliferative activity on ovarian cancer and skin melanoma cell lines as well as determine the sub-acute toxicity profile of crude ethanol leaf extract (EEMP) of the plant. Chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques were employed to isolate and characterise compounds from the ethyl acetate fraction of the <em>M. paniculata</em> (MPEA). The antiproliferative activity (IC₅₀) of the isolated compounds was evaluated on ovarian cancer (OVCAR-3) and melanoma (MDA-MB-435) cells using proliferation assays, as well as a cytotoxicity assay on Vero cells. Lethality of EEMP on brine shrimp nauplii was carried out. Sub-acute toxicity profile of EEMP (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) in Sprague-Dawley rats was investigated. Biochemical, haematological, histopathological and antioxidant parameters were obtained from blood and tissue samples of the animals. Five megastigmane-type terpenes (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>5</strong>) and a phenolpropane (<strong>6</strong>) were isolated from the plant for the first time. Compounds <strong>1</strong> - <strong>4</strong> displayed modest antiproliferative activity on OVCAR-3 and MDA-MB-435. Toxicity resulted in vascular congestion in kidney and brain rat tissues on oral administration of high doses of EEMP. EEMP displayed dose-dependent short-term toxicity in rats while compounds isolated from MPEA exhibited antiproliferative activity against human cancer cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro evaluation of anticancer activity of Oxalis corniculata L., by harnessing exosome for effective drug delivery against hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Shabana Begum ,&nbsp;Pranab Behari Mazumder ,&nbsp;Anupam Das Talukdar","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer is one of the serious diseases of concern affecting humanity. Among them, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or primary hepatic cancer, is one of the leading causes of cancer associated fatalities globally. Treatment recommendations for HCC include radiation, chemotherapy, and surgical tumor excision; however, the risk of recurrence of hepatomas or developing new hepatomas remains very significant. The widespread use of medicinal plants can be attributed to their numerous benefits, including their cost-effectiveness, lower risk of side effects, higher safety margins, and long-lasting effects. One such plant that has been utilized since ancient times to prevent and treat various ailments and holds significant ethnomedicinal value is <em>Oxalis corniculata</em>. The herb has been used to cure several diseases, including fever, diarrhea, dysentery, skin disorders, and digestive problems. The present investigation attempts to isolate and assess the anticancer activity of the total polyphenols of <em>Oxalis corniculata</em> Linn., both independently and in combination with exosome-mediated drug delivery. The results of the investigations demonstrated that the polyphenols exert cytotoxic activity against cancerous cells, such as HuH7 cell lines through the increased apoptotic gene expression and that the exosomes can increase as well as improve the delivery and efficacy of the polyphenols, as revealed from the <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxicity investigations using MTT test and apoptotic investigations. Therefore, it can be concluded that the polyphenols of <em>Oxalis corniculata</em> L. are bioactive against cancerous cells and that the use of advanced biotechnological techniques with natural products can uncover novel therapeutics in cancer therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144489580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arbutin in Alzheimer’s disease: A network-based approach to uncover drug targets through molecular mapping","authors":"Deenathayalan Uvarajan,&nbsp;Manish Ravikumar,&nbsp;Brindha Durairaj","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a leading cause of dementia, is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Current treatments, including cholinesterase and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) inhibitors, provide symptomatic relief but are often associated with adverse effects. This has driven interest in natural compounds like arbutin, an endogenous molecule, for their therapeutic potential in AD. This study employs a network pharmacology approach to explore arbutin’s molecular mechanisms and pathways. Arbutin targets were retrieved from SwissTargetPrediction and PharmMapper, while AD-related targets were obtained from DisGeNET and GeneCards. After merging and removing duplicates, 37 common targets were identified. Gene ontology and KEGG enrichment analyses, performed using ShinyGO, revealed key biological processes associated with AD, including phosphorus metabolic regulation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative response, and abiotic stress. Among the top five biological processes, nine out of ten hub genes were enriched. KEGG analysis highlighted ten significant pathways, with AD and cancer being the most predominant based on gene count. The Maximal Clique Centrality method in the CytoHubba plugin of Cytoscape identified the top ten hub genes. Molecular docking studies using PyRx and Discovery Studio revealed that AKT-1 exhibited the highest binding affinity with arbutin (-7.2 kcal/mol). These findings suggest that arbutin plays a crucial role in modulating key pathways associated with AD, offering potential therapeutic benefits. Targeting these pathways could reduce AD progression, highlighting arbutin as a promising candidate for further drug development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on Chamaecostus cuspidatus and its botanical aspects, therapeutic potentials, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties and future prospects","authors":"Twahira Begum,&nbsp;Anindita Gogoi,&nbsp;Tanmita Gupta,&nbsp;Mohan Lal","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Chamaecostus cuspidatus</em> commonly referred to as the ‘insulin plant’, is a member of Costaceae family, is commonly used as an anti-diabetic herbal treatment. There have been various reports about the species possessing potential to lower the blood glucose level. Morphologically, <em>Chamaecostus cuspidatus</em> species stand proudly at heights ranging from 2 to 4 feet, adorned with elegant flower heads crowning their slender stalks. The shrub is characterized by its rhizomatous nature revered for its medicinal properties, which includes fever, rash, asthma, bronchitis, intestinal worms, and various afflictions affecting the eyes, stomach, neck, jaws, tongue, and mouth. Biochemical analysis revealed that the species is affluent in alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, lignins, saponins, steroids, tannins, and phytosterol particularly with triterpenes. The data on the species was searched online in various scientific databases and platforms such as Google Scholar, Scopus Sci-finder, Science Direct, Springer, PubMed and Wiley from 1922 till February 2024. The various pharmacological activities of the species are hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic activity against calcium oxalate urolithiasis, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Among all the other pharmacological activities, antidiabetic potential of <em>Chamaecostus cuspidatus</em> species have got lots of attention as it is affecting people at an alarming rate and the drugs used for its treatment are synthetic and possess side effects. Hence, the full potential of this species can be exploited and used for the development of a safer plant-based drug for lowering blood glucose level. <em>Chamaecostus cuspidatus</em> species have been considered medically important due to its various pharmacological aspects but all the scientific evidences regarding the pharmacological aspects have not been well compiled yet, hence this review article will provide well compiled morphology, taxonomy, pharmacology, and toxicity of <em>Chamaecostus cuspidatus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144489633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring kaempferol’s pharmacological potential in mitigating clinical biophysiological and pathological impacts of Naja haje venom on respiratory organ in animal model","authors":"Babafemi Siji Ajisebiola ,&nbsp;Omoshalewa Catherine Adebisi ,&nbsp;Rachael Oluwafunmilayo Oyegunle ,&nbsp;Akindele Oluwatosin Adeyi","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Respiratory paralysis is one of the severe consequences of cobra envenoming, primarily resulting from the actions of the venom toxins on the respiratory organs. Kaempferol, a bioactive compound, has protective properties against venom-induced organ toxicities. However, kaempferol’s potential to mitigate venom-induced respiratory toxicity remained largely unexplored. Using the lung as the target organ in a rat model, the ameliorative potential of kaempferol was investigated against <em>Naja haje</em> (<em>N. haje</em>) venom-induced respiratory toxicity. In this study, <em>N. haje</em> venom induced oxidative stress in the lungs of envenomed untreated rats by significantly (p &lt; 0.05) elevating the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite (NIT), while key antioxidant, glutathione (GSH), and antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), substantially decreased. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were significantly upregulated in the lungs of envenomed untreated rats. The observed inflammatory response was substantiated by severe pathohistological changes observed in the lung tissues. However, treatment of envenomed rats with varying doses of kaempferol significantly (p &lt; 0.05) reduced the levels of stress biomarkers and substantially enhanced the antioxidant activities in the lungs of the envenomed treated rats. Additionally, kaempferol treatment effectively suppressed venom-induced inflammatory responses in the lungs of envenomed treated rats. The severe morphological damages noticed in the lung tissues of envenomed untreated rats were ameliorated post-kaempferol treatment. Results suggest that kaempferol possesses pharmacological potential to mitigate respiratory toxicity resulting from cobra envenoming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}