Pharmacological Research - Natural Products最新文献

{"title":"Phytochemical study and biological activity of Morettia philaeana (Delile) DC","authors":"Amel H.I. Elfaky ,&nbsp;Gihan O.M. El hassan ,&nbsp;Saad M. Howladar ,&nbsp;Sakina Yagi","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Morettia phillaeana</em> (Delile) DC. (family Brassicaceae) is used in Sudan traditionally to treat some skin and digestive tract diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical profile of the root, stem, leaf, flower and fruit of <em>M. phillaeana</em> and to evaluate their cytotoxicity, antibacterial, antigiardial, antimalarial and antioxidant activities. Extracts were prepared by sequential maceration of powder of each organ in acetone and methanol. Cytotoxicity was tested against normal Vero cell line. Antibacterial activity was determined by the disc diffusion method. Antimalarial and antigiardial activities were determined by microplate assay against the K1 parasite strain of <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> and <em>Giardia duodenalis</em> respectively. The DPPH and ABTS assays were adopted to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenes and saponins as metabolites. The stem, fruit and leaf accumulated the highest total phenolic (3903.85 GAE mg/g), flavonoids (1078.37 mg QE/g) and tannins (1009.05 TAE mg/g) contents respectively. Results of biological activity revealed that the plant possessed mainly significant antigiardial and antibacterial activities. The highest antigiardial effect was recorded from the acetone and ethanol extracts of the leaf (IC₅₀ 4.40 and 4.49 and µg/mL, <em>p</em> ≥ 0.05) and the highest antibacterial activity was obtained against <em>Escherichia coli</em> from the ethanolic extracts of leaf (inhibition zone = 23.2 mm). The acetone extract of the fruit displayed moderate ABTS radical scavenging activity (66.7 %). All organs’ extracts exerted weak antimalaria activity (IC₅₀ 172.2–238.5 µg/mL). All extracts, except the acetone extract of the stem (IC₅₀ 43.48 µg/mL), were not toxic (IC₅₀ ≥ 222.09 µg/mL). In conclusion, it is worth mentioning that the present study demonstrates for the first time the cytotoxicity, antigiardial and antimalarial properties of <em>M. phillaeana</em> and the results obtained partly supported its traditional uses. The plant could be a promising source of bioactive molecules for different pharmaceutical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saussurea costus (falc.) lipsch: A promising ally against cancer","authors":"Rakesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Shailesh Kumar Patel ,&nbsp;Abhishek Verma ,&nbsp;Gaurav Santoshrao Joshi ,&nbsp;Harsh Krishnakumar Bisen ,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar Asrani ,&nbsp;Jigyasa Rana ,&nbsp;Ankush Kiran Niranjan ,&nbsp;Nikhil K. C ,&nbsp;Megha Katare Pandey","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Saussurea costus (S. costus)</em> is a traditional medicinal plant found in the Himalayan region. It has notable ethnopharmacological properties and has been used in scientific studies to treat various ailments such as respiratory problems, body aches, headaches, epilepsy, gastritis, bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral infections. Various <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> studies, and scientific literature strongly support the anti-carcinogenic potential of the chemical constituents present in <em>S. costus</em>. Previous studies showed that <em>S. costus</em> has minimal or no side effects and might be used as a therapeutic and preventive drug against cancer. Despite the vast variety of constituents present in <em>S. costus</em> dehydrocostus lactone and costunolide are the most important sesquiterpenes phytochemicals to execute the anti-neoplastic action. To summarize the various medical benefits of <em>S. costus</em> and provide detailed information on its chemical constituents and anticancerous properties the data has been collected from previously published studies associated with <em>S. costus.</em> This study incorporates information sourced from diverse outlets including traditional knowledge, research papers, reviews, books, magazines, international databases, Red data books, abstracts and scientific reports. To extract the current information, web search engines such as Web of Science and Google Scholar were used. Moreover, databases like Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, PubMed, and Taylor and Francis were also utilized in the study.</div><div>To date, minimal scientific information on the <em>in vivo</em> or therapeutic potential of <em>S. costus</em> against cancers is available. The over-exploitation of <em>S. costus</em> has highlighted an alarming threat towards the extinction of this wonderful medicinal plant. In this article only a few <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> studies referenced that are accessible to substantiate the anti-carcinogenic properties of <em>S. costus</em>. The potential anti-carcinogenic effects signify the need for the conservation of this plant and its use at the clinical level against several deadly ailments like cancers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of milk casein on the pharmacokinetics of rutin","authors":"Ravindra Semwal ,&nbsp;Ankit Kumar ,&nbsp;Ruchi Badoni Semwal ,&nbsp;Ashutosh Chauhan ,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar Joshi ,&nbsp;Kumud Upadhyaya ,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar Semwal","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rutin, often referred to as vitamin P, possesses numerous pharmaceutical applications, yet its market availability is restricted due to poor bioavailability. Recent interest has focused on exploiting rutin's therapeutic potential, prompting efforts to enhance its bioavailability. This study aimed to enhance the bioavailability of rutin by formulating tablet dosage forms using cow milk casein as a matrix-forming agent. Tablet formulations containing rutin and milk casein were prepared, and their physicochemical properties were evaluated through in vitro tests, including hardness, friability, and dissolution. Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted using Wistar rat models, analyzing plasma drug concentrations and urine excretion. Stability studies were also performed to assess the tablets' shelf life under various conditions. The results of the study revealed that the incorporation of milk casein significantly improved the bioavailability of rutin, both in vitro and in vivo. Physicochemical evaluations demonstrated satisfactory tablet properties, while pharmacokinetic studies indicated enhanced plasma drug concentrations and reduced urine excretion of rutin with milk casein formulations. Stability studies further supported the suitability of the formulated tablets for long-term storage. In conclusion, milk casein proved effective as a matrix-forming agent for improving the bioavailability of rutin. The formulated tablets exhibited favorable physicochemical properties and enhanced drug absorption characteristics, suggesting the potential utility of milk casein in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of rutin formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling phytochemicals and antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities from the leaves of Dalbergia stipulacea (Roxb.)","authors":"Md. Jamal Hossain ,&nbsp;Khandokar Nabila Sultana Amee ,&nbsp;Md. Shohel Hossen ,&nbsp;Afrin Rohoman ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ibrahim Mondol ,&nbsp;Mahfuza Afroz Soma ,&nbsp;Mohammad A. Rashid","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study was aimed to conduct phytochemical investigation and assess the <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of crude methanol extract of <em>Dalbergia stipulacea</em> leaf and its various extractives. All the fractions contain quinines, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, resins, glycosides, and flavonoids, while crude methanol, petroleum ether, and ethyl acetate fractions contain saponins and steroids in qualitative phytochemical analysis. In GC-MS/MS technique, a total of 44 phytoconstituents were identified and characterized, where 3-O-Methyl-D-glucose (22.80 %), 8,11,14-Docosatrienoic acid, methyl ester (19.86 %), pentadecanoic acid, methyl ester (14.17 %), 13-docosenamide (6.62 %), nonadecanoic acid, methyl ester (4.62 %), and phytol (3.04 %) were most prominent. In addition, some promising bioactive constituents, such as pantolactone, aromandendrene, D-allose, loliolide, neophytadiene, dibutyl phthalate, kolavenol, and squalene are present in the leaf of <em>D. stipulacea</em> plant species. Petroleum ether soluble fraction (PESF) of the plant had the highest phenolic content (27.34 mg of GAE/gm) and showed the most effective DPPH free radical scavenger with a half maximal inhibitory concentration <strong>(</strong>IC₅₀) value of 3.87 μg/mL. The PESF also exhibited cytotoxicity with median lethal dose (LC₅₀) value of 2.76 μg/mL compared to the standard medication vincristine sulfate (LC₅₀ = 0.45 μg/mL) in brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Compared to streptokinase (63.34 %), aqueous soluble fraction (AQSF) displayed the highest percentage of clot lysis (38.61 %). The PESF exhibited the most significant suppression of heat-induced hemolysis (32.61 %) and hypotonic solution-induced hemolysis (33.86 %), respectively, revealing promising anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, the methanol extract and its fractions exerted promising antibacterial properties with notable zone of inhibition (6–25 mm) compared to ciprofloxacin (17–37 mm). The current evidence supports the traditional medicinal applications of the plant, particularly its ability to act as an antioxidant, cytotoxic, thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial agent. However, further phytochemical isolation and <em>in vivo</em> screening is necessary to discover new drugs from the leaf of <em>D. stipulacea</em> plant species based on the current evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the phytochemical and pharmacological insights of the plant Dolichandrone falcata","authors":"Suhas Dhaswadikar ,&nbsp;Tanveer Shaikh ,&nbsp;Yogesh Nikam ,&nbsp;Natasha Akojwar ,&nbsp;Rupali Prasad ,&nbsp;Anil Badnale ,&nbsp;Satish Meshram ,&nbsp;Prakash Itankar ,&nbsp;Satyendra Prasad","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Dolichandrone falcata</em> Seem. belonging to Bignoniaceae family is found in Malawi, Tanzania, South Africa, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and India. In Indian states, it is found in Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, and Bihar. This plant's anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, pain-relieving (analgesic), estrogen-blocking (antiestrogenic), antimicrobial, and pain-suppressing (antinociceptive) properties, antibacterial, anti-hemorrhoidal, and immunomodulatory qualities have been traditionally utilized in India to treat a variety of ailments. This plant contains a variety of phytochemicals, including steroids, amino acids, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols, terpenoids, and cardiac glycosides. This review aims to provide comprehensive and up-to-date information on the traditional applications, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of the plant in order to better understand its phytochemistry and pharmacological effects. For this review, online databases such as ScifFnder, Scopus, Springer, ScienceDirect, Wiley, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar as well as a local library for relevant articles were searched. We discovered dolichandroside A, chrysin, chrysin-7-rutinoside, rutin, pinocembrin, α-Lapachone, lapachol, verbascoside, β-sitosterol, fatty acids, etc. during the plant's phytochemical analysis. Its anti-diabetic, anti-hemorrhoidal, anti-ulcer, anti-mycobacterial, anti-hyperlipidemic, antifungal, antimicrobial, antifertility, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive properties have also been demonstrated. This review has not only shed light on the latest scientific advancements related to this plant but has also underscored the pressing issue of its dwindling availability. The significance of this plant, particularly for its potential health benefits, cannot be overstated. Further, the information desiminated through this review may act as a knowledge source for researchers who wish to scientifically explore this plant</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current trends in herbal medicines targeting to renal cell metabolic pathways in the treatment of cancer","authors":"Ashish Majumdar ,&nbsp;Surendra Saraf ,&nbsp;S.Prakash Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer, accounting for approximately 85 % of all malignant kidney tumors. Despite advances in targeted therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors, the treatment of RCC remains challenging due to drug resistance, toxicity, and recurrence. These treatments, while effective initially, often lose efficacy over time and can lead to significant side effects, limiting their long-term use. Additionally, late-stage RCC is difficult to manage, and survival rates remain low for advanced cases. As the limitations of current treatments highlight the need for safer and more sustainable options, natural products have emerged as promising alternatives in RCC therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For this article, authors used PubMed, PubMed Prime, Science direct, Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar to obtain and screen the most recent literature on natural compounds having anti-renal-cancer characteristics. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to summarise the known phytochemistry and current state of the chosen plant species.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Molecular mechanisms by which renal cell carcinoma evades the immune system are a topic of intense interest at the moment. Both basic and applied studies on RCC indicate that natural products have positive effects, such as inducing apoptosis, inhibiting tumour metabolism, motility, and active the progress of autophagy. One of the primary mechanisms is the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which is crucial for tumor cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism. Compounds like curcumin and silibinin inhibit this pathway, leading to reduced cancer cell growth and increased apoptosis. Another significant mechanism is the induction of apoptosis through modulation of proteins such as Bcl-2, Bax, and caspases. Several phytoconstituents have demonstrated potential against kidney cancer. These include kahweol acetate, honokiol, englerin A, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate. As a result, natural products may be more useful in the fight against kidney cancer and RCC than was previously thought.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The promising anticancer effects of natural products in RCC highlight their potential as adjunctive or alternative therapies to conventional treatments. Their ability to target multiple pathways, including apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis, offers a comprehensive approach to cancer management while minimizing toxicity. However, further clinical research is necessary to establish their efficacy and safety in long-term use for RCC patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allium cepa bioactive phytochemicals as potent ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) inhibitors and therapeutic agents against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A computational study","authors":"Md. Sakib Al Hasan ,&nbsp;Emon Mia ,&nbsp;Noshin Tasnim Yana ,&nbsp;Imam Hossen Rakib ,&nbsp;Md. Shimul Bhuia ,&nbsp;Raihan Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Salehin Sheikh ,&nbsp;Muhammad Torequl Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors go after and stop the ALK protein, which is very important for cancer growth, especially in ALK-positive cancers like non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung cancer, particularly ALK-positive NSCLC prone to metastasis, is treated with ALK inhibitors targeting the cancer-driving ALK protein. This study explored the potential of onion (<em>Allium cepa</em>) phytochemicals as inhibitors of ALK for NSCLC treatment using computational methods. The <em>in silico</em> study evaluated the binding affinity of all phytochemicals of <em>A. cepa</em> and also predicted pharmacokinetics, ADMET parameters, drug-likeness, anti-carcinogenic properties, and acute toxicity prediction to find reliable and safe ALK inhibitor agents for the treatment of NSCLC. The findings revealed that three phytochemicals, fisetin, quercetin, and tricetin demonstrated promising results with favorable drug-likeness profiles and strong binding affinities for the ALK receptors. Specifically, their binding affinities were –7.6, –7.7, and –7.8 kcal/mol for the 4ANQ receptor; –7.6, –7.6, and –8.0 kcal/mol for the 4ANS receptor, and –7.7, –7.6, and –7.7 kcal/mol for the 6MX8 receptor, respectively. Additionally, these compounds showed hydrogen bond formation, which is crucial for drug discovery against ALK and is comparable to the known ALK inhibitors crizotinib and alectinib. These findings also suggest their potential as therapeutic agents. Further, <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> studies are warranted to validate these results and elucidate their mechanisms of action. This study highlights the potential of natural compounds from <em>A. cepa</em> for the development of novel NSCLC therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconnoitring antiepileptic and anxiolytic effects of Indian herbs: Findings from zebrafish behavioral research","authors":"Srijan Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Debarpan Chatterjee ,&nbsp;Rajdip Goswami ,&nbsp;Bhaskar Pal ,&nbsp;Susanta Paul ,&nbsp;Nilanjan Sarkar ,&nbsp;Mainak Chakraborty","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>In the 21st century, neuropsychological disorders such as anxiety, insomnia, and epilepsy have become increasingly prevalent due to irregular lifestyles, unhealthy food habits, and work pressure. These disorders significantly impact individuals' emotional, mental, and physical well-being, leading to decreased functionality and potential long-term health complications.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The research project utilized zebrafish behavioral studies to investigate the effects of herbal extracts on anxiety-like behavior and stress levels. Specifically, the study focused on four herbal plants, <em>Withania somnifera</em>, <em>Adiantumcapillus-veneris</em>, <em>Marsileaq uadrifolia Linn.</em> and <em>Nardostachys jatamansi,</em> to assess their potential in managing neuropsychological disorders. The zebrafish were exposed to solutions or extracts of these plants, and standard doses of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) were administered to induce seizures for anti-seizure tests. Additionally, six behavioural studies, including the Novel Tank Test and Open Field Test, were conducted to evaluate anxiety-like behaviour. The methods employed in this study aimed to provide insights into the potential anxiolytic and stress-reducing properties of the herbal extracts.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings reveal that <em>Withania somnifera and Marsilea quadrifolia Linn.</em>, demonstrate promising effects in reducing anxiety-like behaviour and stress levels in zebrafish compared to<em>Adiantumcapillus-veneris and Nardostachys jatamansi</em>. These results also show the potential to improve explorative behavior and reduce time spent in dark areas, indicating anxiolytic properties.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study highlights the potential of herbal therapy in managing neuropsychological disorders and emphasizes the importance of exploring alternative treatment approaches. The results provide valuable insights into the potential use of <em>Withania somnifera</em> and <em>Marsilea quadrifolia Linn</em> extracts in alleviating anxiety and stress-related behaviours and mitigating seizures, paving the way for further research and potential therapeutic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnobotanical knowledge and practices of pastoralist communities on plants used as repellents and/or insecticides against insect vectors in the Korahaye zone of the Somali Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"Getu Alemayehu ,&nbsp;Araya Gebresilassie ,&nbsp;Desta Woldetsadik ,&nbsp;Shushay Hagos ,&nbsp;Moa Megersa ,&nbsp;Patrick Van Damme ,&nbsp;Solomon Yared","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Combined efforts to combat both outdoor and indoor transmission of malaria parasites are hampered by emerging vector resistance in a wide range of endemic malaria settings in Ethiopia and the rest of the world, stressing the need to develop and implement alternative control measures. This study aimed to document indigenous pastoralist knowledge on the use of repellent and insecticidal plant species against insect vectors in a number of kebeles in the Somali Regional State, eastern Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected by interviewing a total of 120 participants (105 men and 15 women) through face-to-face interviews guided by a semi-structured questionnaire, observing information on the preparation method, and performing a guided field walk with a guide to collect plant specimens. The ethnobotanical survey was carried out from 5 May 2018–12 April 2019. Medicinal plant specimens were collected following a standard approach, and voucher specimens were deposited in the National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, preference rankings, paired comparisons and direct matrix rankings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 52 voucher specimens belonging to 47 genera and 31 families were obtained. Of these, 42 were reported to be repellents against mosquitoes or insects in general. Among the plant families recorded, Fabaceae had the highest number of plant species, at 6 (11.5 %). The most represented life forms were herbs (21, 40.38 %), followed by shrubs (17, 32.69 %). Leaves were the most commonly used plant part for remedy preparation and accounted for 14 (26.92 %) of the total plants. Among the repellent plant species documented, 57.68 % were reported to be burned to produce in-house smoke, 20.37 % were mashed, and the paste was applied on the human skin to repel insects. The plants that were commonly mentioned by respondents were <em>Amaranthus sparganiocephalus</em> (27, 22.5 %), <em>Phytolacca dodecandra</em> (18, 15 %), and <em>Commiphora rostrata</em> (26, 21.66 %) for repellent, insecticidal, and both repellent and insecticidal uses, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The present study showed that pastoralist communities have valuable indigenous knowledge and practices related to the use of plants as repellents. This knowledge should be validated and confirmed experimentally and possibly promoted as a sustainable and ecosystem-friendly insect vector control tool<em>.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142650824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical compositions, antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antibacterial properties of Clerodendrum thomsoniae Balf.f. leaves: In vitro and in silico analyses","authors":"Shubham Bhattacharyya ,&nbsp;Sovan Samanta ,&nbsp;Mayukh Hore ,&nbsp;Samir Barai ,&nbsp;Sandeep Kumar Dash ,&nbsp;Subhrajyoti Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>Clerodendrum thomsoniae</em> Balf.f. (Family: Lamiaceae) is an ornamental plant with a high polyphenol content that has been extensively studied in traditional medicinal systems of several countries for a variety of important pharmacological properties. Present study is aimed to investigate the chemical constituents, and antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antibacterial properties of methanolic leaf extract of <em>Clerodendrum thomsoniae</em> (MECT) using <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> methods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The phytochemical characterization of the crude methanolic leaves extract of <em>Clerodendrum thomsoniae</em> (MECT) was investigated using FT-IR and GC-MS studies. The biological evaluation of MECT was conducted using DPPH and β-carotene bleaching assays, acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory properties. The antibacterial effectiveness of the MECT was assessed against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em> using MIC, MBC, and disc agar diffusion techniques. The bioactive compounds that were identified by GC-MS were subjected to docking studies with several proteins associated with antioxidants, anticholinesterase, and antibacterial properties.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>DPPH radical scavenging and β-carotene bleaching assays demonstrated significant antioxidant activities (IC₅₀ values: 162.2±2.8 μg/mL and 179.7±5.1 μg/mL, respectively). The anticholinesterase activity of MECT was demonstrated by its efficient acetylcholinesterase- (132.8±2.3 μg/mL) and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory (157.6±6.6 μg/mL) activities. MECT is also found to contain significant amounts of phenolics and flavonoids. Results also showed significant antibacterial capacity of MECT against both Gram-negative (<em>E. coli</em>) and Gram-positive (<em>S. aureus</em>) stains. FT-IR and GC-MS analyses revealed the presence of different functional groups with seven phytocompounds which were further used to evaluate the <em>in silico</em> properties of MECT. Molecular docking analysis revealed that 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-phenol has the highest binding affinities with different proteins. ADMET study including toxicity prediction analysis confirmed that most of the phytochemicals were non-toxic.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggest that MECT possesses potential antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antibacterial properties and may further be investigated as a therapeutic candidate against microbial infections and oxidative stress mediated neurodegenerative conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}