Pharmacological Research - Natural Products最新文献

{"title":"Hydrophilic fraction of Selaginella convoluta (Arn.) Spring shoots extract: Chemical characterization and embryotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","authors":"Luiz Fernando Rodrigues de Souza ,&nbsp;Fernanda Priscila Santos Reginaldo ,&nbsp;João Luiz Bronzel Júnior ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Luchiari ,&nbsp;Raquel Brandt Giordani","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As part of our ongoing efforts to better comprehend the species <em>Selaginella convolute</em> (Arn.) Spring, a desiccation-tolerant plant native to the semiarid Caatinga biome, this study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and safety of the hydrophilic fraction (SHF) derived from their shoots extract using the embryotoxicity test in an <em>in vivo</em> model. UPLC-MS/MS analysis revealed an array of phenolic compounds, such as biflavonoids, selaginellins and hydroxycinnamic derivatives. Some, such as selaginpulvilin A and seladoeflavone, are being reported for the first time in <em>S. convoluta</em>. Embryos exposed to concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/ml of the SHF exhibited no signs of toxicity or teratogenicity to zebrafish embryos during the observation period. No mortality was observed among embryos exposed to any concentration of the SHF. However, continuous exposure at a concentration of 10 mg/ml resulted in mortality after 4 hours, with a survival rate below 50 % at 16 hours. The study confirmed the low toxic potential of the SHF during acute exposure and the absence of teratogenic effects across the tested concentrations. A hundred metabolites were detected and just 6.5 % could be annotated regarding online and in-house database. The intriguing chemo diversity of the SHF makes it a promising resource for discovering new chemical entities and developing novel drugs. Moreover, the fraction demonstrates a low toxic potential upon acute exposure <em>in vivo</em>, enhancing its potential for pharmaceutical applications which could drive a biomonitorated isolation to achieve an unequivocal structural assignment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis of pectin and its vital role in the bioavailability of phytochemicals associated with therapeutic properties","authors":"Venkatesh Kumar R.,&nbsp;Devika Srivastava,&nbsp;Abhishek Verma,&nbsp;Akash Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pectin is a complex and multifunctional heteropolysaccharide that plays a significant role in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. This review comprehensively explores the biosynthesis of pectin, highlighting its formation in plants and subsequent digestion in the form of fermentation, primarily through fermentation by the gut microbiome. Furthermore, the role of pectin in enhancing the bioavailability of plant-derived nutraceuticals is discussed, emphasizing its potential as a delivery vehicle for bioactive compounds. The paper also examines the wide-ranging biological activities of pectin, including its anticancer, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. By integrating current research, this review provides a holistic understanding of pectin's multifaceted roles in human health, positioning it as a promising functional food ingredient and therapeutic agent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the antidiabetic potential of Ceiba pentandra bark powder: Chemical characterization and bioactivity of a new stigmastane","authors":"Jounda Nadège Nelly ,&nbsp;Nouga Bissoué Achille ,&nbsp;Assiéné Agamou Julien Armel ,&nbsp;Happi Nguefa Emmanuel","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ethnopharmacological relevance: The management of diabetic patients (DP) with conventional drugs is increasingly being replaced by plant extracts. Among these plants, the bark of <em>Ceiba pentandra</em> (CP) is known for its antidiabetic activities due to its bioactive compounds (BC), the chemical characteristics of which are not fully identified. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical and structural characteristics of the compounds isolated from CP bark powder extracts, as well as those exhibiting the best antidiabetic activity. The bark of CP was harvested and processed into powders. The structures of the chemical compounds isolated from the methanolic extracts of CP bark powder were determined, and the inhibitory activities against digestive enzymes (alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase) and antioxidant activities of the extracts and chemical compounds were evaluated. It was found that of the eight identified BC, seven are known and one, belonging to the stigmastane class (phytosterol), with a chemical structure corresponding to stigmastane-1,3,5-triol, is a new compound. This new compound, unlike the extracts of CP, exhibited a higher antihyperglycemic potential than others, including acarbose, and a higher antioxidant activity linked to iron-reducing power (FRAP) than vitamin C. The knowledge of the antidiabetic potential of stigmastane-1,3,5-triol is important in the use of CP bark powders for the management of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients and may contribute to the development of an improved traditional medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lutein abates doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity via modulation of Beclin-1/mTOR signaling pathway mediating inhibition of apoptosis, inflammation and oxidonitrergic stress","authors":"Jennifer Efe Jaiyeoba-Ojigho ,&nbsp;Jerome Ndudi Asiwe ,&nbsp;Blessing Zeinab Ovili-Odili ,&nbsp;Taniyohwo Mamerhi Enaohwo ,&nbsp;Lilian Ebele Chris-Ozoko ,&nbsp;Alexander Obidike Naiho ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Ikechukwu Okolie ,&nbsp;Blessing Ngozi Nwanneka ,&nbsp;Mercy Jesuovotekevwe Aghale ,&nbsp;David Osaze Isehrenhren ,&nbsp;Greatman Nelson Akotonou ,&nbsp;Annie Aiweruosuoghene Ogboru","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Doxorubicin (DOX) is a medication utilized in several solid tumor treatment. However, using it raises the possibility of serious dose-dependent injury to non-target organs such as the testis. Meanwhile, research has shown that the naturally occurring carotenoid lutein, has androgenic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It is unclear, though, if lutein can lessen the damage that doxorubicin causes on the testicles. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine how lutein ameliorated doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity in male Wistar rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Animals were randomly assigned to four groups and treated with 10 ml, of saline, 15 mg/kg of doxorubicin, 40 mg/kg of lutein and DOX with lutein, respectively. Treatment waas done intraperitoneally for 28 days. Hormonal assay, androgenic enzyme quantification accompanied with antioxidant, apoptotic players, pro-inflammatory cytokine and autophagy mediator assays were done using UV/VIS spectrophotometry, ELISA and histological techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that doxorubicin caused a dysfunctional pituitary-testicular hormonal axis accompanied with low sperm count and semen quality. Also, oxidative stress leading to activation of autophagy which was accompanied with inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis were all associated with doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity. However, treatment with lutein significantly abated these changes and restored normal testicular functions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Lutein abated doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity via modulation of Beclin-1/mTOR signaling pathway mediating inhibition of apoptosis, inflammation and oxidonitrergic stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of antihypertensive and hypocholesterolemic effect of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.): A review","authors":"Kibur Hunie Tesfa ,&nbsp;Asrat Tadele Ewunetie ,&nbsp;Chernet Desalegn Gebeyehu","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lupine is a legume that is the main source of plant-derived protein in human nutrition. The high protein content of the lupine seed is a foundation of bioactive peptides. The biological actions of lupine protein and peptides include hypocholesterolemic, hypoglycemic, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects. <em>Lupinus albus L.</em> seeds induce vasorelaxation by stimulating the endothelial nitric oxide synthase-nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway and directly inhibiting voltage-dependent calcium channels. By acting on the renin-angiotensin system, blood pressure is regulated. And, peptides with this potential are called angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides. Lupine protein hydrolysate induces complementary cholesterol-lowering effects by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase activity, the contact between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and the low-density lipoprotein receptor. This dual influence controls both the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 and the low-density lipoprotein receptor signaling pathways. This facilitates hypocholesterolemic effects of lupine peptides and inhibits the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase leading to upregulation of the low-density lipoprotein receptor protein levels by activation of the sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 pathways. In this article, we attempt to address various health benefits that lupine brings and the mechanistic pathway by which lupine protein takes action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiinflammatory efficacy of n-Hexadecanoic acid from a mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha L. through in silico, in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Ramamoorthy Purushothaman,&nbsp;Ganapathy Vishnuram,&nbsp;Thirugnanasambandam Ramanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The various parts of <em>Excoecaria agallocha L.</em> have been scientifically evaluated for their role in inflammatory reactions. This study aimed to validate the potent anti-inflammatory efficacy of n-Hexadecanoic acid (HDA) isolated from <em>Excoecaria agallocha</em> using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches. GC-MS and NMR analyses were employed for compound identification, revealing 30 phytochemical constituents. Molecular docking studies demonstrated strong inhibitory interactions between HDA and key inflammatory mediators, cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). In vitro, assays confirmed a dose-dependent anti-inflammatory response, including protein denaturation, hypotonicity-induced hemolysis, and heat-induced hemolysis tests. Furthermore, in vivo evaluation using a carrageenan-induced Wistar rat model showed significant attenuation of paw edema in HDA-treated groups compared to the control. These findings collectively establish the potent anti-inflammatory properties of n-Hexadecanoic acid and its potential as a therapeutic candidate for inflammation-related disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunomodulatory effect of a polyherbal formulation (Febrojith) on CD4+/CD8+ T cells and associated inflammatory cytokines in experimental animal model","authors":"Svenia P. Jose ,&nbsp;S. Sheethal ,&nbsp;M. Ratheesh ,&nbsp;A. Sindhu ,&nbsp;S. Sandya ,&nbsp;Aditya Asish ,&nbsp;Sony Rajan","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herbal medicines have been in the mainstay of alternative system of medicine, effectively employed for thousands of years to modulate immune system functions. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory action of a polyherbal formulation febrojith (FB), on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed rats. For this study, rats were treated with 10 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide (Cy) orally for 30 days. Levamisole (Std) was used as the standard drug. The animals were divided into four groups: Group 1: Normal control (NC); Group 2: Cy treated; Group 3: Cy + Std (50 mg/kg bwt); Group 4: Cy + FB (100 mg/ kg bwt). The experimental duration was 30 days. The immunomodulatory effects of FB were evaluated by analyzing various parameters associated with humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. The results showed that the FB treatment in immunosuppressed rats alleviated significant changes in organ index and haematological markers. Furthermore, FB treatment significantly balanced Th1 type cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-2) and Th2 type cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) levels and thereby regulating and restoring immune functions. FB also enhanced the humoral immune response. Additionally, FB normalized antioxidant enzymes levels compared to the Cy treated group, thereby protecting the normal functioning and architecture of spleen and thymus. Flow cytometry analysis of T-cells subsets (CD 3+, CD4+ and CD 8+) revealed that FB treated group significantly improved the progression of immune cells compared to the Cy- treated group. Histopathological analysis further confirmed that FB treatment reversed Cy induced pathological alterations and protected immune organs. These findings demonstrate that FB can serve as an effective phytotherapeutic agent with potent immunomodulatory action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Ocimum gratissimum L. (BASIL) and its toxicity against Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Carlos Alonso Leite dos Santos ,&nbsp;Raimundo Luiz da Silva Pereira ,&nbsp;Luís Pereira-de-Morais ,&nbsp;George Joaquim Garcia Santos ,&nbsp;Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho ,&nbsp;Francisco Assis Bezerra da Cunha ,&nbsp;Fabiola Fernandes Galvão Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Dárcio Luiz de Sousa Júnior ,&nbsp;Julio Cesar Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research dedicated to investigating the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants encompasses a variety of species, with the use of plant extracts emerging as a highly relevant alternative for disease prevention. In this context, <em>Ocimum gratissimum</em> L., commonly known as basil, has been widely studied for its remarkable antibacterial properties. In this specific study, we evaluated the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of <em>Ocimum gratissimum</em> L. (EEOg) and its interaction with the antibiotics ampicillin, amikacin, norfloxacin, and penicillin. Our research included the broth microdilution technique for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration, analysis of combined activity with antibiotics, and assessment of EEOg supplementation in food to evaluate the impact on mortality and geotaxis in the <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> model after 48 hours of exposure. The results showed that <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> exhibited notable sensitivity to the extract when combined with the antibiotic amikacin, with low toxicity observed at a concentration of 25 mg/mL. These findings indicate the potential use of this extract in drug development for treating infections caused by these bacteria. However, further studies are necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and ensure the safety of this extract in therapeutic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acalypha indica: A comprehensive review of its natural compounds, and traditional medicine applications in COVID-19 management","authors":"Soumya Ghosh ,&nbsp;Jovana Vunduk ,&nbsp;Norfaizah Mahmud ,&nbsp;Nur Ardiyana Rejab ,&nbsp;Nur Kusaira Khairul Ikram ,&nbsp;Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar ,&nbsp;Swagata Ghosh ,&nbsp;Samar Sami AlKafaas ,&nbsp;Sundus Nsaif Al huchaimi ,&nbsp;Yusufjon Gafforov ,&nbsp;Helen Onyeaka","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indian Copperleaf (<em>Acalypha indica</em>) is a medicinal plant known for its therapeutic potential and applications in disease treatment, including COVID-19. Its medicinal properties stem from bioactive compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins, which exhibit anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, wound-healing, and antioxidant effects. Recent studies have also highlighted its antimicrobial and immune-boosting properties, suggesting its possible role in managing COVID-19 symptoms. This review explores the medicinal applications of <em>A</em>. <em>indica</em>, its potential in alleviating COVID-19 symptoms, and its limitations, particularly in the Malaysian healthcare setting. Research indicates that <em>A</em>. <em>indica</em> is effective in preventing microbial infections, modulating immune responses, and treating various ailments, especially when combined with other herbs, metals, and minerals. Since COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory system, traditional remedies such as <em>A</em>. <em>indica</em> tinctures may help relieve dry cough and lung congestion. Additionally, clinical trials involving <em>A</em>. <em>indica</em> powder have reported reductions in cough, throat pain, and sputum production. Although <em>A. indica</em> has not been proven to cure COVID-19, its antiviral and immune-modulating properties suggest it may aid in symptom relief and infection prevention. In regions where traditional medicine is widely used, <em>A</em>. <em>indica</em> could serve as a complementary treatment. However, further scientific validation through well-structured clinical trials is needed to confirm its efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action. Unlocking the full therapeutic potential of <em>A</em>. <em>indica</em> could contribute to the development of novel herbal treatments for respiratory and viral infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial efficacy of ethyl acetate extract-derived Fraction (FE1) from Ficus exasperata Vahl Leaf","authors":"Joy Cecilia Atawodi ,&nbsp;Jonathan Ilemona Achika ,&nbsp;Sunday Ene-Ojo Atawodi ,&nbsp;Rachael Gbekele-Oluwa Ayo","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing prevalence of microbial resistance and oxidative stress-related diseases has driven the search for natural compounds with therapeutic potential. <em>Ficus exasperata</em> Vahl, commonly used in traditional medicine, is believed to possess bioactive properties worth investigating. This study aimed to identify the chemical constituents of <em>Ficus exasperata</em> leaf extract and evaluate its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, focusing on a key ethyl acetate-derived fraction (FE1). <em>Ficus exasperata</em> leaves were sequentially extracted using methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and hexane. Fraction FE1, isolated from the methanolic extract, was characterized using UV, FT-IR, and GC-MS techniques. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging and ferric-ion-reducing power assays. Antimicrobial efficacy was tested against <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Proteus mirabilis</em>, and <em>Candida tropicalis</em> using the agar well diffusion method. The UV and FT-IR analyses of FE1 identified hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, suggesting the presence of bioactive fatty acids. GC-MS confirmed hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid) as the major component, along with nonadecane and 2-pentadecanone. The FE1 exhibited moderate antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 87.623 ± 0.65 μg/mL) and strong antimicrobial effects, particularly against <em>E. coli</em> (35 mm), <em>P. mirabilis</em> (30 mm), and <em>C. tropicalis</em> (25 mm). The FE1 from <em>Ficus exasperata</em> shows significant antimicrobial and antioxidant potential, making it a promising candidate for novel therapeutic development. Further research should explore its mechanisms of action and possible applications in combination therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}