Pharmacological Research - Natural Products最新文献

{"title":"Antioxidant activity and identification by HPLC-DAD-MS of 3-deoxyanthocyanins in the husks of Sorghum caudatum (L.) Moench grains from Burkina Faso","authors":"Ousséni Sawadogo ,&nbsp;Dominique Saga Kaboré ,&nbsp;Mahamadi Ouedraogo ,&nbsp;Arrounan Noba ,&nbsp;Rémy K. Bationo ,&nbsp;Hermine Zime Diawara ,&nbsp;Eloi Palé","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As indicated by the World Health Organisation (WHO), the resurgence of chronic diseases is projected to account for 70 % of deaths and 56 % of illnesses globally by 2030. In response, authorities are allocating resources towards prevention through the use of substances with natural or synthetic antioxidant properties. However, the safety of synthetic antioxidants is constrained by the limited number of molecules they can be derived from and the necessity for intricate and costly testing to substantiate their safety. In light of this, the scientific community has set itself the objective of identifying new potential sources of natural antioxidants with the more effective capacity in prevetion of these chronic diseases. Anthocyanins, particularly 3-deoxyanthocyanins are cited as one antioxidant molecules with preventive efficacy. The objective of this study is to contribute to the discovery of new sources of 3-deoxyanthocyanins. In order to achieve this objective, a concentrated extract of 3-deoxyanthocyanins was first prepared by maceration of the husks of <em>Sorghum caudatum</em> grains in acidified ethanol, followed by precipitation in acidified distilled water.The Folin-Ciocalteu and differential pH methods were then employed to determine the total phenolic compound content and the total 3-deoxyanthocyanin content of the extract, respectively. The antioxidant potential of the extract was evaluated by determining its free radical scavenging activity using the ABTS method, its reducing power of ferric ions using the FRAP method, and the percentage of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) scavenging. Using physico-chemical and physical methods (PC, HPLC, UV–vis and MS), the 3-deoxyanthocyanins present in the extract from the husks of <em>Sorghum caudatum</em> grains were identified. The results of these analyses demonstrated that the total phenolic compound content was 237.73 ± 2.12 mg GAE/g extract, while the 3-deoxyanthocyanin content was 99.33 ± 4.16 mg EApi/g extract and 110.05 ± 4.33 mg ELt/g extract. The extract demonstrated notable antioxidant activity, with an CI₅₀ of 62.59 µg/mL as determined by the ABTS method, a content of 77.35 ± 0.17 mg TE /g extract as quantified by the FRAP method, and an H₂O₂ scavenging percentage of approximately 72.29 %. The extract was found to contain five distinct compounds, namely luteolinidin, 7-<em>O</em>-methylluteolinidin, 5-<em>O</em>-methylluteolinidin, apigeninidin and 7-<em>O</em>-methylapigeninidin. The grain husks of <em>Sorghum caudatum</em> represent a novel source of 3-deoxyanthocyanins. Consequently, they offer a promising avenue for the extraction of natural antioxidants, natural colouring agents and nutraceuticals for the food industry, thereby enhancing the economic value of agricultural waste and augmenting the profitability of <em>Sorghum</em> cultivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological evaluation of selected phytochemicals as a multi-targeted antitumor, antiproliferative and apoptotic agents in cancer","authors":"Habiba Khan ,&nbsp;Zeeshan Arif","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cancer is one of the most challenging and complex diseases to treat. It is currently the primary cause of mortality globally. Even with the advances in modern medicine and therapies, there is no significant progress in the overall survival rate. Thus, many efforts are continued to find new strategies and preventive agents to improve efficiency in cancer therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Naturally occurring components isolated from plants known as phytochemicals, serve as a vital source for cancer prevention and treatment. The majority of approved anti-cancer medications are isolated from natural sources. Phytochemicals exert complementary and overlying mechanisms of action to slow down multistep carcinogenesis. The specific mechanisms of phytochemicals include an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), a decrease in proliferation rate, inactivation of carcinogens, induction of phase arrest in the cell cycle and apoptosis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review highlights the comprehensive therapeutic effects of phytochemicals against several forms of cancer with special focus on Rhein, Karanjin, 6-Gingerol, 10-Gingerol and their proapoptotic, antiproliferative, antimetastatic and antiangiogenic effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical screening, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal properties of the Cymbopogon citratus methanolic extract","authors":"Salah Neghmouche Nacer ,&nbsp;Lakhdari Wassima ,&nbsp;Walid Boussebaa ,&nbsp;Abderrezzak Abadi ,&nbsp;Ibtissem Benyahia ,&nbsp;Djawahir Mouhoubi ,&nbsp;Amel Ladjal ,&nbsp;Hamida Hammi ,&nbsp;Hakim Bachir ,&nbsp;Abderrahmene Dehliz ,&nbsp;Younes Moussaoui","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the aerial parts of <em>Cymbopogon citratus</em>, harvested in Algeria, were analyzed as potential sources of biologically active compounds. The phytochemical composition, the content of total phenols and flavonoids in the methanolic extract of this plant, as well as its antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal capacities, were evaluated. The methanolic extract had phenolic compounds and flavonoids, with levels of 92.82 µg GAE/mg Dry weight and 58.98 µg QE/mg Dry weight, respectively. Furthermore, the methanolic extract exhibited moderate antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2′azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) disodium salt radical), and β-carotene tests, while its antimicrobial activity was tested against four bacterial strains. Thus, a MBC/MIC ratio of 2 indicates that the extract exhibits bactericidal activity against <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Additionally, the extract exhibited antifungal activity against <em>Thielaviopsis paradoxa</em>, <em>Alternaria</em> sp., and <em>Fusarium solani</em>, with inhibition rates ranging from 50.59 % to 70.20 %. LC-MS analysis identified a variety of components, including chlorogenic acid (17.40 %), catechin (34.64 %), salicin (9.55 %), and curcumin (8.97 %), which are likely responsible for the observed activities. This study demonstrated that the aerial parts of <em>Cymbopogon citratus</em> offer a cost-effective source of natural compounds with bactericidal and antifungal activity, offering potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GC-MS profiling of the leaf extract of Garcinia pedunculata, molecular docking, ADME/drug likeness predictions and toxicity analysis","authors":"Rajesh Kumar Shah ,&nbsp;Modhumita Karmakar ,&nbsp;Mouchurisha Deori ,&nbsp;Leeza Das","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Medicinal plants have long been valued for their efficacy, cultural acceptance and lower side effects. Amidst rising concerns about multidrug-resistant bacteria, there is an increasing push to identify novel plant-based drugs with unique mechanisms of action. <em>Garcinia pedunculata</em>, commonly used as food and traditional medicine among tribal communities in North Eastern India, was investigated for its potential medicinal properties. The study involved analyzing the phytoconstituents of the methanolic leaf extract using GC-MS (Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry), which identified 30 compounds. These compounds were further evaluated through <em>in silico</em> studies, including drug-likeness assessments and molecular docking. Molecular docking results indicated that the compounds strongly interacted with Penicillin Binding Protein 4 (PBP4) of <em>Staphylococcus aureus (S aureus)</em>, a well-known drug target. Notably, ethane-1,1-diol dipropanoate demonstrated favorable drug-like properties, meeting four out of five drug filters and exhibiting promising physiochemical characteristics, lipophilicity, solubility and pharmacokinetic profiles with minimal toxicity. This suggests its potential for development into novel antimicrobial formulations. Further research using animal models is underway to validate these findings in vivo.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating type 2 diabetes: Scientific validation of Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC. and Mimosa pudica L. as substitutes for Cassia mimosoides L. in ayurvedic medicine","authors":"Abdul Rahim Muhammed Jasim ,&nbsp;Sivaji Yuvaranjani ,&nbsp;Alaganandam Kumaran","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ayurvedic concept of 'pratinidhi dravya' (substitute drugs) offers a systematic approach to replaces scarce ingredients in traditional formulations with botanically or pharmacologically similar alternatives. This practice aims to maintain therapeutic efficacy and safety while preventing adulteration. However, scientific validation of these substitutes is essential. This study investigates the substitution of the rare species <em>Cassia mimosoides</em> L. (CM) with two more readily available species recommended in Ayurveda: <em>Biophytum sensitivum</em> (L.) DC. (BS) and <em>Mimosa pudica</em> L. (MP). The research focuses on their potential use in the popular antidiabetic Ayurvedic medicine Katakakhadiradi Kashayam, specifically examining their antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. Our findings revealed that the substituted species, BS and MP, exhibit a remarkable richness in phenolic and flavonoid content compared to the species CM, indicating their potent antioxidant capabilities (IC₅₀ values: CM: 19.55 μg/ml, BS: 60.38 μg/ml, MP: 39.49 μg/ml). LC-MS/MS profiling and quantification indicate a significant amount of different pharmacologically active polyphenols in the three species. Among the identified compounds, orientin (CM-EA: 44.362 mg/kg, BS-EA: 20.528 mg/kg, MP-EA: 34.094 mg/kg) and isoorientin (CM-EA: 85.022 mg/kg, BS-EA: 25.168 mg/kg, MP-EA: 45.035 mg/kg) were the major compounds present in substantial quantity in all three species. Additionally, shikimic acid and chlorogenic acid were present in higher concentrations in the BS-EA and MP-EA extracts. Furthermore, these species demonstrated significant activity against α-glucosidase in various solvent extracts, with IC₅₀ values of 16.44 μg/ml for CM, 56.65 μg/ml for MP, and 69.25 μg/ml for BS, suggesting their promising role in managing diabetes mellitus. These findings support the efficacy of BS and MP as substitutes for CM in managing diabetes and oxidative stress, emphasizing the importance of scientific validation in herbal medicine substitution and adulteration prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the therapeutical potential of Tupistra clarkei in diabetic neuropathic pain on Wistar albino rats: A Himalayan Gem","authors":"Pramod Rai ,&nbsp;Manodeep Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Devid Chutia ,&nbsp;Nihar Ranjan Bhuyan","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Diabetic neuropathy is a long-existing painful neuronal error associated with high sugar levels, hyperalgesia, and slowed motor nerve conduction. Therefore, the study aims to investigate the efficacy of the methanolic extract of <em>Tupistra clarkei</em> (METC) against diabetes-inducing neuropathy in Wistar albino rats. The potential of these findings to inspire hope for improved treatment strategies for diabetic neuropathy is significant and inspiring, offering a promising outlook for the future.</p></div><div><h3>Method and results</h3><p>Phytochemical and acute toxicity screening were carried out using METC. Then, Streptozotocin induces hyperglycaemia followed by neuropathy was carried out in five groups of animals such as the normal control (NC), Diabetic control (DC), The standard control (Std), The low-dose (100 mg/kg), the high-dose group (200 mg/kg). After regular observation of motor nerve conduction, neuropathic assays, and inflammatory mediators for the 8th week, animals were sacrificed using ketamine hydrochloride. The sciatic nerve was isolated, then subjected to histopathological analysis using an Olympus binocular microscope at 45X, and subjected to antioxidant study. METC reported the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids. The results of the LC-MS analysis of the METC samples detected at peak <em>m/z</em> 371.1100 could be responsible for the antidiabetic property of <em>Tupistra clarkei</em>. In addition, the results indicate significant restoration of oxidative stress, nerve conduction, inflammatory pain, elevated blood glucose levels related to hyperalgesia, motor nerve conduction, and reversible curing of cellular injury.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>METC controls and prevents diabetes-induced neuropathic pain and related complications such as nerve conduction, raised temperature threshold, and extended latency in hyperalgesia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiolytic-like effect of daidzin possibly through GABAA receptor α2 and α3 subunits interaction pathway: In vivo and in silico studies","authors":"Md. Torequl Islam ,&nbsp;Abdullah Al Shamsh Prottay ,&nbsp;Md. Showkot Akbor ,&nbsp;Md. Shimul Bhuia ,&nbsp;Md. Amirul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Saifiuzzaman","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The soy plant-derived isoflavone daidzin (DZN) has diverse biological activities, including neuroprotective (e.g., memory-enhancing and antiepileptic) effects. This study emphasizes evaluating the anxiolytic effect of DZN on mice. Additionally, <em>in silico</em> investigations were also carried out to check the potential molecular mechanisms for the anxiolytic effect of DZN. For this, adult male <em>Swiss</em> albino mice were intraperitoneally (i.p.) treated with DZN (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) with or without the standard GABAergic agonist drug diazepam (DZP: 2 mg/kg) and/or antagonist drug flumazenil (FLU: 0.1 mg/kg) and checked for different locomotor behaviors using various mouse models. The molecular docking study of DZN was conducted against GABA_A receptor subunits. Findings suggest that DZN dose-dependently and significantly (<em>p</em> &lt;0.05) increased locomotor activities such as the number of field crosses, hole crosses, swings, grooming, and light residence time while decreasing the rearing of the animals. With DZP, it significantly (<em>p</em> &lt;0.05) reduced the test parameters, while altering these parameters with FLU. Our molecular docking studies demonstrate that DZN has a strong binding affinity of −7.4 and −6.9 kcal/mol for α2 and α3 subunits of the GABA_A receptor, respectively, whereas the standard drugs DZP and FLU showed binding affinities between −6.0 and −6.7 kcal/mol for these subunits. Taken together, DZN augmented the anxiolytic effect of DZP while reducing the effect of FLU in mice. We suppose that DZN may show anxiolytic-<em>like</em> effects on <em>Swiss</em> mice, possibly through α2 and α3 subunits of the GABA_A receptor interaction pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the application and efficacy of phytochemicals of medicinal plants for the treatment of COVID-19","authors":"Sahar Naveed ,&nbsp;Abiodun Oladipo ,&nbsp;Peter Olusakin Oladoye ,&nbsp;Mahak Naveed ,&nbsp;Mohammed Kadhom ,&nbsp;Adewale Akanni Tella Taleat ,&nbsp;Naveed Anjum","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paucity of targeted medications and vaccines, coupled with the coronaviruses (COVID-19) outbreak brought by SARS-CoV-19, forced scientists to look for novel antiviral formulations. The absence of a specific treatment for COVID-19, designing new drugs and considering the use of plant-based products is crucial in the search for an effective remedy to target this deadly virus. Phytochemical medicines are faster and more cost-effective compared to conventional treatment methods. The potential use of plant extracts in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 may have its start with the abundance of naturally occurring chemicals obtained from plants. Coronavirus enzymes, which are necessary for virus infection and replication, can be inhibited by antiviral polyphenolic medications. Flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenes and terpenoids and many more are categorized as naturally occurring compounds that may be important in the development of antiviral treatments that block viral proteases. In this review, we presented up-to-date studies with special attention on challenges and side effects of medication and traditional plant-based therapies for respiratory problems. It also highlights the importance of plant-based antiviral compounds, particularly in the development of a broad-spectrum medication against coronaviruses like SARS-CoV-2.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigation of methylglyoxal-induced hepatotoxicity by Boerhavia diffusa L. aerial extract: Insights from cellular and animal models","authors":"Debrupa Dutta ,&nbsp;Nikita Khandelwal ,&nbsp;Ashutosh Behera ,&nbsp;Snehal Dongare ,&nbsp;Bireswar Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Soumi Sukla","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><em>Boerhavia diffusa</em> (Punarnava), is a perennial herb with a long-standing reputation for its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, dating back to ancient times. Methylglyoxal is an advanced glycation end-product, known to be toxic in liver cell line as well as in mice model. Our objective is to illustrate the protective action of punarnava aerial extracts in methylglyoxal-induced hepatotoxicity in cell line and mice model.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Punarnava aerial parts were collected and different solvent extracts were prepared in methanol, dichloromethane and hexane by maceration followed by their LCMS/MS characterization, determination of total phenolic, total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity by DPPH reagent. Cell viability of the extracts and methylglyoxal was assessed using different cell lines. <em>In vitro</em> protective effect of punarnava methanolic extract (PME) against methylglyoxal was evaluated by cell migration assay, NO and ROS production assays and Oil Red O staining in HepG2 cell line. BALB/c mice were pretreated with Punarnava methanolic extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) for seven days followed by 290 mg/kg methylglyoxal administration for 6 hrs to induce hepatotoxicity. Serum glucose, AST, ALT, ALP and GSH level were checked and liver histopathological damages were identified.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the three Punarnava extracts, PME possessed maximum antioxidant, total phenolic and flavonoid content as well as least cytotoxic to liver cell line. Methylglyoxal showed maximum toxicity in HepG2 cells with IC₅₀ (50 % inhibitory concentration) 3 µM. PME confers protection against methylglyoxal-induced cytotoxicity by decreasing ROS, promoting cell migration and preventing loss of cell viability. No significant change was observed in NO production and Oil Red O staining. PME-treated mice showed decrease in liver ALP levels and glucose with intact cellular morphology compared to hepatocyte steatosis and nuclear degeneration in methylglyoxal-treated group.</p></div><div><h3>Discussions</h3><p>Indigenous herb Punarnava is effective in protecting liver cells from damage induced by the glycolytic byproduct, methylglyoxal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiparasitary potential of Sarcomphalus joazeiro (Mart.) Hauenschild (Rhamnaceae)","authors":"Camila Aparecida P. Silva ,&nbsp;Nara Juliana S. Araújo ,&nbsp;Ana Raquel P. da Silva ,&nbsp;Maria do Socorro Costa ,&nbsp;Juliete B. Soares ,&nbsp;Yedda Maria L.S. de Matos ,&nbsp;José Weverton A. Bezerra ,&nbsp;Viviane B. da Silva ,&nbsp;Erlânio O. de Souza ,&nbsp;Maria Celeste V. Gomez ,&nbsp;Míriam Rolóm ,&nbsp;Cathia Coronel ,&nbsp;Jaime Ribeiro-Filho ,&nbsp;José Maria Barbosa Filho ,&nbsp;Davi Antas e Silva ,&nbsp;Lucia Raquel de Lima ,&nbsp;Irwin R.A. Menezes ,&nbsp;Henrique D.M. Coutinho ,&nbsp;Jacqueline C. Andrade-Pinheiro","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2024.100085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Leishmaniasis and American trypanosomiasis are part of a set of diseases characterized by the World Health Organization as neglected diseases caused by infectious and parasitic agents in populations in situations of poverty and poor sanitation. Pharmaceutical industries neglect such diseases, which have limited treatments, mainly due to few drug options and significant toxicity. Therefore, it is essential to search for new substances that have the potential to replace these medications. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activity of the ethanolic extract of the leaves and bark of <em>Sarcomphalus joazeiro</em> (Mart.) Hauenschild. These extracts were prepared by maceration with cold extraction. When carrying out the susceptibility tests, the extracts were tested in four different concentrations against the epimastigote forms of the CL-B5 parasite strains of <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em> and promastigote forms of <em>Leishmania braziliensis</em> and <em>Leishmania infantum</em>, both tests were carried out \"in vitro\" in plates 96-well microdilution system, with nifurtimox and metronidazole as reference medicine. The cytotoxicity assay was performed with mammalian fibroblast lines from the NCTC 929 clone. The results indicate that the ethanolic extract of the bark of the stem of <em>S. joazeiro</em> (EBSJ) presented a more significant antiparasitic effect when compared to the ethanolic extract of the leaves of <em>Sarcomphalus joazeiro</em> (ELSJ) particularly against <em>L. braziliensis</em> and <em>L. infantum</em>. Regarding cytotoxicity, EBSJ and ELSJ presented moderate and low degrees, respectively. Based on the data obtained, further investigations into the properties of the bark extract are necessary, mainly due to its leishmanicidal potential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}