Pharmacological Research - Natural Products最新文献

{"title":"Essential oils in cosmetics: Antioxidant properties and advancements through nanoformulations","authors":"Bongunuri Harsha Vardhan Reddy,&nbsp;Sha Mohammad Sameer Hussain,&nbsp;Mohammad Shahil Hussain,&nbsp;Rajpurohit Narendra Kumar,&nbsp;Jeena Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine the antioxidant properties of essential oils and their nanoformulations when used in cosmetic products, consolidating information from recent scientific studies.</div></div><div><h3>Significance of review</h3><div>Essential oils have gained significant attention in the cosmetics industry due to their natural antioxidant properties and potential benefits for skin health. Understanding their role can help develop innovative and effective cosmetic formulations.</div></div><div><h3>Key findings</h3><div>Essential Oils are volatile aromatic compounds extracted from various plant sources, known for antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. They are rich in phenols, terpenes, and flavonoids that scavenge free radicals and protect against oxidative stress. Their antioxidant activity helps neutralize free radicals, mitigating skin aging, oxidative stress, and damage. Certain essential oils also decrease the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, thus showing significant effects in treating acute and chronic inflammation. They further enhance stability and shelf-life of cosmetic formulations by preventing lipid oxidation and degradation of active ingredients. Nanoformulations of tea tree oil, lavender oil, rosemary oil, and chamomile oil show promising results in reducing oxidative damage, improving skin barrier function, and promoting collagen synthesis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review highlights the significant antioxidant properties of essential oils and the potential of their nanoformulations in improving cosmetic formulations. Further research and development in this area hold promise for creating innovative and effective skincare products to meet modern skincare needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LC-MS profile and in vivo oral acute toxicity, antihypertensive and vascular endothelium protective effects of phenolic compounds of the ethyl acetate fraction of leafy stems of Flemingia faginea Guill. & Perr. in L-NAME induced hypertensive mice","authors":"Windingoudi Rimwagna Christian Ouedraogo ,&nbsp;Lazare Belemnaba ,&nbsp;Mathieu Nitiéma ,&nbsp;Boukaré Kaboré ,&nbsp;Bonéwendé Mohamed Belemlilga ,&nbsp;Moumouni Koala ,&nbsp;Raogo Ouedraogo ,&nbsp;Rasmané Semdé ,&nbsp;Sylvin Ouedraogo","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aimed at evaluating <em>in vivo</em> the antihypertensive and vascular endothelium protection effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of the leafy stem of <em>Flemingia. faginea</em> (EAF) in hypertensive mice with Lῳ- Nitro Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME). <strong>Methods</strong>: Six (06) groups (n = 7) of mice were formed for the study, which lasted five weeks. Groups I, II, and III were administered parenterally with L-NAME (80 mg/kg), NaCl 0.9 % (0.5 mL/kg), and EAF (24 mg/kg) for four weeks, respectively. Mice in groups IV, V, VI, and VII received only L-NAME (80 mg/kg) for two weeks and then received L-NAME plus treatment respectively, captopril 5 mg/kg, 6; 12, and 24 mg/kg for the following two weeks. The acute oral toxicity and phytochemical analysis of EAF were carried out. <strong>Results</strong>: Daily administration of the L-NAME resulted in a significant increase in BP characterized by SBP= 164.32 ± 6.40 mmHg and DBP= 91.00 ± 0.83 mmHg for all groups concerned on day 21 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). A statistically significant decrease in BP was observed from day seven for the hypertensive mice groups treated with 6; 12, and 24 mg/kg of EAF, and Captopril (5 mg/kg) <em>versus</em> L-NAME (80 mg/kg) only. Aortic rings of mice in the L-NAME+EAF 24 mg/kg group (E_max=69.21±2.70 % and EC₅₀=5.08 ± 0.37 ×10⁻⁷ M) showed more effective and potent nitric oxide (NO) endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation than the reference group L-NAME+Captopril 5 mg/kg (E_max=49.64±7.67 %). The 50 % lethal dose of EAF was estimated to be 5000 mg/kg. Phytochemical analysis identified mainly gallic acid glucoside, myricetin rutinoside, quercetin rutinoside, kaempferol rutinoside, and quercetin rhamnoside. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> These results suggest that EAF, a potential drug candidate, could be used preventively and curatively to manage hypertension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acteoside synthesis and biosynthesis regulation: Five years,a breakthrough","authors":"Yanqing Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Verbascoside or acteoside is a kind of main active ingredients in many plants, belonging to phenylethanoid glycosides. It has not only various bioactivities such as neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-epileptic, cardiovascular protective, antihypertensive, antioxidant,antimicrobial, anti-leishmanial, anticancer, anti-aging, anti-depressive, hepatoprotective, memory improvement and anti-osteoporosis, but also slight toxicity, poor bioavailability and good stability and easiness to be absorbed after modified, so it has great medicinal and development value. In order to provide a theoretical basis for acteoside production, utilization and research in future, we review its chemosynthesis, biosynthesis and biosynthesis regulation. Among them, the chemosynthesis has regioselective glycosylation, reduces guard group manipulation,shortens the synthesis route and improves its synthesis efficiency; the biosynthesis includes acteoside biosynthesis pathway elucidation, key gene mining and functional characterization and acteoside production, especially, based on which I establish an integrated complete biosynthesis pathway; biosynthesis regulation focuses on that of both abiotic and transcription factors. Finally, problems and perspectives regarding acteoside synthesis and biosynthesis regulation are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical composition and pharmacological applications of Casuarina equisetifolia Linn.: A comprehensive review","authors":"Nourhene Aroua ,&nbsp;Maher Boukhris ,&nbsp;Fatma Saadi ,&nbsp;Ridha Ben Salem ,&nbsp;Ghayth Rigane","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widely dispersed evergreen tree <em>Casuarina equisetifolia</em> has drawn notice for its variety of bioactive chemicals and possible therapeutic uses. In order to better understand the possible medicinal benefits of <em>Casuarina equisetifolia</em>, this study will conduct a thorough analysis of its chemical composition. This abstract provides an overview of recent research findings on the isolation, characterization, and bioactivities of phenolic compounds from <em>C.equisetifolia</em> extracts it also delves into the intriguing world of essential oils, exploring their composition, benefits, and applications<em>.</em> Numerous studies have reported the presence of various phenolic compounds in different parts of the <em>C.equisetifolia</em> plant, including leaves, stem, fruit, root and seeds. These compounds encompass a wide range of chemical classes, such as flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, and lignans. The extraction and isolation methods employed have allowed for the identification and quantification of these bioactive molecules. Phenolic substances isolated from <em>C.equisetifolia</em> have demonstrated notable antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective activities in preclinical studies. Moreover, synergistic interactions between phenolic compounds and other natural compounds or conventional drugs have been explored to enhance therapeutic efficacy and minimize adverse effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological activity of leaf and callus extracts of Xanthophyllum flavescens Roxb. – A potent medicinal plant of Western Ghat","authors":"C. Mahendra ,&nbsp;R.S. Savitha ,&nbsp;K.N. Ravindra ,&nbsp;A. Nataraju","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biological properties of leaves and leaves-derived callus extracts in various solvents were determined in <em>Xanthophyllum flavescens</em>. A maximum calli induction of 89.25 %, 78.25 % and 69.72 <em>flavescens</em> % in MS medium fortified with 6-Benzyl amino purine (1.5 mg L⁻¹), 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (1.5 mg L⁻¹) and Kinetin (2.0 mg L⁻¹) achieved on MS medium in leaves explants. Phytochemical screening revealed varied secondary metabolites such as phenolics, sterols, triterpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, etc. Overall extracts tested for antimicrobial screening, the callus methanol extract was found to inhibit the growth of <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, <em>E. coli</em>, <em>B. subtilis</em>, <em>S. typhi</em> and <em>S. aureus</em> (MIC; 0.156–0.625 mg mL⁻¹) and <em>F. moniliforme</em>, <em>F. oxysporum</em>, <em>A. flavus</em> and <em>C. albicans</em> (MIC; 0.312–0.625 mg mL⁻¹). Furthermore, live and dead cell assay followed by SEM observations revealed that, the dead cells with the damaged cell wall in <em>E. coli</em> and <em>P. aeruginosa</em> upon treatment with methanol callus extracts active column fractions. All the extracts showed significant total phenolics, and flavonoid contents with a good source of antioxidant properties in a dose-dependent manner in DPPH, nitric oxide, phosphomolybdenum, and reducing power assay. Haemolytic activity of potent crude extracts showed anti-haemolysis of 2.03 % and 2.15 % (500 µg mL⁻¹) against human erythrocytes. This study offers an opportunity to conserve and explore this potent medicinal plant for further pharmaceutical usage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory potential of carotenoids produced by green microalga Asterarcys quadricellulare (K.Behre) E. Hegewald & A. W. F. Schmidt","authors":"Athira C.U.,&nbsp;Krishnakumar K.","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microalgae represents one of the most promising sources of bioactive compounds for the nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food industries. Among the bioactive compounds, carotenoids are highlighted and commercially valuable because of their significant therapeutic potential. In this study, the Chlorophycean microalga <em>Asterarcys quadricellulare</em> was isolated, and cultured, and carotenoid-enriched biomass was produced under nutrient-limited conditions. Carotenoids were analyzed using HPLC, and the major carotenoids identified are β-carotene, astaxanthin, lutein, and canthaxanthin. The carotenoid extracts were tested for possible antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory activities. The antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH assay and the carotenoid extract showed higher radical scavenging activity. <em>In vitro,</em> cytotoxic assay against human cancerous cell lines and noncancerous cell lines was performed using MTT assay. The carotenoid extract showed prominent cytotoxic activity against HeLa (human cervical cancer) and Ht29 (human colon cancer) cell lines. Significant inhibition of cell functions was observed against cancerous cell lines and extract does not promote toxicity to the noncancerous RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. The anti-inflammatory potential of the carotenoids against LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line was performed and the carotenoid extract inhibited the pro-inflammatory mediators such as COX, LOX, iNOS, and MPO. This study denotes the potential of <em>A. quadricellulare</em> as a source of natural carotenoids and their potential use in preventing and treating human diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rutin impedes indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase activity/expression to mitigate heat stress-mediated testicular dysfunction","authors":"Olusanya Olasehinde ,&nbsp;Sharon Oluchi Osawe ,&nbsp;Doris Olachi Alilonu ,&nbsp;Shedrack Ogunwa ,&nbsp;Jacinta Nkechi Obimma ,&nbsp;Azubuike Peter Ebokaiwe","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Testicular heat stress (THS)-induced male reproductive dysfunction is a growing concern due to its link to rising male infertility associated with occupational and lifestyle factors. Rutin, a dietary flavonoid known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, was evaluated for its potential to mitigate THS-mediated testicular damage, while vitamin e was used as a standard drug. Wistar rats exposed to scrotal hyperthermia showed that rutin significantly reduced oxidative-inflammatory damage, preserved testicular architecture, improved sperm parameters, and restored testosterone levels. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that rutin alleviated oxidative stress by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities and reducing lipid peroxidation, as well as suppressing inflammatory responses and downregulated indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity/expression. The results for the first time demonstrate rutin’s dual action of IDO inhibition and oxidative-inflammatory modulation making it a promising therapeutic agent for preventing heat stress-induced male infertility. Using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, rutin was identified as a possible inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). These simulations revealed stable binding interactions between rutin and the active site of IDO1, further accentuating its inhibitory potential, which warrants further studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical composition and in vitro antifungal activity of Wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Lamiaceae and Reindeer lichen (Cladonia stellaris) Cladoniaceae from Yakutia (Russia)","authors":"S. Chimi Fotso ,&nbsp;S.B. Kenmogne ,&nbsp;Marianna I. Soloveva ,&nbsp;Sargylana S. Kuzmina ,&nbsp;NTah à AYon Moise ,&nbsp;F.A.A. Toze","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical composition and the in <em>vitro</em> antifungal activity of the methanolic extracts of two traditional medicinal plant from the South of Arctic Circle: <em>Thymus serpyllum</em> (TS) and <em>Cladonia stellaris</em> (CS). The methanolic extracts of the powders from TS and CS obtained after maceration were used to determine their bioactive potential (phytochemical screening, total polyphenol (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), condensed tannin (CTC) contents, and UHPLC chemical structure identification). It emerged from the phytochemical screening that, both methanolic extracts form (TS) and (CS) contained alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, phenols, terpenoids, steroids and tannins), whilst (TS) extract exhibited the highest TPC, TFC and CTC contents with the values of (174. 50 ± 9. 45 mg EGA/100 g DM), (88. 70 ± 2. 45 mg EQ/100 g DM) (2. 50 ± 0. 50 mg EC/100 g DM), respectively. The antifungal activity was assessed by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using the microdilution method against four fungal species. The results obtained showed that (TS) and (CS) methanolic extracts displayed moderate activities, with MICs varying from 64 to 1024 µg/mL and from 64 to 512 µg/mL respectively, with the best activity observed with (TS) extract against <em>A. niger</em> compared to the tested substances. The UHPLC analysis of the extracts allowed the identification of some potential bioactive compounds, including hitherto described antifungal agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rudraksha attenuates right ventricular dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension induced Wistar rats","authors":"Pamelika Das ,&nbsp;Bhavneesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Manoj L. Yellurkar ,&nbsp;Vani Sai Prasanna ,&nbsp;Sulogna Sarkar ,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Taraphdar ,&nbsp;Devendra Kumar Dhaked ,&nbsp;Satheesh Kumar Nanjappan ,&nbsp;Remya Sreedhar ,&nbsp;Amrita Sahu ,&nbsp;Indrajit Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Sharmistha Sutar ,&nbsp;Ravichandiran Velayutham ,&nbsp;Somasundaram Arumugam","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Right ventricular failure (RVF) due to pressure overload is a life-threatening fate in patients with pulmonary hypertension, chronic cardiac disorders and congenital heart diseases. Although it is frequent in critical care units, limited management options are available for RVF as a primary clinical entity.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Initiated with <em>in silico</em> screening, pulmonary hypertension (PH)-induced RVF was mimicked in male Wistar rats with a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (60mg/kg). Treatment with 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg of hydroalcoholic seed extract of <em>Elaeocarpus angustifolius</em> (synonym: <em>Elaeocarpus ganitrus</em> (rudraksha)) was conducted for four weeks after disease confirmation. Sequential micro-computed tomography (CT) scanning using iodinated contrast media was done in addition to hemodynamic characterization. Blood parameters were assessed after the sacrifice, followed by protein expression, histopathology and gene expression studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Right jugular vein catheterization during hemodynamic assessment showed significant improvement in the right ventricular functions after treatment with rudraksha. Both doses significantly increased the stroke volume, cardiac output, and right ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic pressure, reducing the disease severity and associated liver congestion. Histological studies showed distinct restoration of the cardiac morphology in contrast to lung sections. Rudraksha's antioxidant activities are added to its therapeutic activity. Downregulation of fibrotic and inflammatory markers like α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), galectin-3, C-reactive protein (CRP), troponin I, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) after treatment with rudraksha prompted the beneficial role of this extract in heart failure.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hence, our study provides the basis for an effective formulation that could prevent the progression of pressure overload-induced RVF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive approach to liver cirrhosis treatment: Integrating ayurveda, homeopathy, and allopathy","authors":"Debabrata Dash,&nbsp;Palak Kesharwani,&nbsp;Raj Kumar Koiri","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liver cirrhosis is a progressive condition characterized by necroinflammation and fibrogenesis, resulting in significant structural and functional impairment of the liver. Histologically, it manifests as nodular regeneration encased in fibrotic septa, leading to parenchymal extinction and deformation of hepatic vascular architecture, culminating in portal hypertension and synthetic dysfunction. The two predominant categories of liver disorders contributing to cirrhosis are alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) representing NAFLD's primary manifestations. Pathophysiologically, cirrhosis involves hepatic stellate cell activation, extracellular matrix deposition, and impaired hepatic blood flow. Although advanced cirrhosis leads to irreversible damage, early intervention targeting inflammation and fibrosis can potentially restore liver architecture. Current treatment strategies include allopathic approaches, such as statins, anticoagulants, direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs), and antibiotics like rifaximin, alongside liver transplantation for advanced cases. Complementary therapies, including ayurvedic and homoeopathic remedies, provide holistic and individualized approaches focusing on lifestyle modifications, herbal interventions, and immune enhancement. Herbs such as Bupleurum, liquorice root, milk thistle, and Cordyceps have shown promise in ameliorating cirrhosis-related liver dysfunction. Homeopathic remedies like <em>Bryonia dioica</em>, <em>Lycopodium clavatum</em>, and <em>Chelidonium majus</em> address specific liver-related symptoms, while ayurveda incorporates detoxification, dietary modifications, and stress management practices. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted etiologies, pathophysiology, and diverse therapeutic interventions for liver cirrhosis, emphasizing the integration of conventional and alternative medicine to manage this complex disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}