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Fabrication of Gold Nanoparticle-Masked ITO Nanopillars Using Argon Plasma Etching: Utilization and Application in the Thin c-Si Flexible Solar Cell

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2025.3533101

Arijit Bardhan Roy

{"title":"Fabrication of Gold Nanoparticle-Masked ITO Nanopillars Using Argon Plasma Etching: Utilization and Application in the Thin c-Si Flexible Solar Cell","authors":"Arijit Bardhan Roy","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2025.3533101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2025.3533101","url":null,"abstract":"Fabrication procedure and utilization of gold nanoparticles (NPs)-masked indium tin oxide (ITO) nanopillars using argon plasma etching was reported in this article. As we know that due to lack of substrate thickness, some fractions of photons are not absorbed by thin crystalline silicon solar cells. This issue may be answered by reported ITO nanopillar geometry embedded on top of the device provided by multiple bounces and super scattering of light. Further, this type of nanostructuring happened only on top of the anti-reflection coating (ARC), so it will be incapable to add on any surface recombination of generated carriers. In this work, the author applied this nanopillar geometry on top of the thin silicon heterojunction solar cell (p-type crystalline thin substrate with n-type amorphous layer) using Au-masked Argon plasma etching and some noticeable enhancement of short circuit current (approximately 50%) and output efficiency (more than 30%) was achieved compared to flat ITO coated cells. These values established the utilization of ITO nanopillars as an anti-reflective coating on thin c-Si solar cells through this reported study and these results also validated by electric field and integrated reflection-based profiles received from finite element method (FEM)-based simulation studies. Finally, at the end of this study, author prolifically realized thin c-Si-based solar cell with <inline-formula> <tex-math>$20~pm ~5~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> m substrate thickness and an effective light management design offered by ITO nanopillars.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"206-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IEEE Sensors Council

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3528673

引用次数: 0

2024 Index IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology Vol. 23

IF 2.1 4区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1109/TNANO.2025.3537416

引用次数: 0

Sustainable Energy Industry Systems in the United States and Canada Demonstrating the Value of Solar-to-X

IF 2.5 3区工程技术

IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3531043

Gabriel Lopez;Arman Aghahosseini;Dmitrii Bogdanov;Rasul Satymov;Ayobami Solomon Oyewo;Christian Breyer

{"title":"Sustainable Energy Industry Systems in the United States and Canada Demonstrating the Value of Solar-to-X","authors":"Gabriel Lopez;Arman Aghahosseini;Dmitrii Bogdanov;Rasul Satymov;Ayobami Solomon Oyewo;Christian Breyer","doi":"10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3531043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2025.3531043","url":null,"abstract":"The transition to highly sustainable energy industry systems is being driven by significant growth in solar photovoltaics (PV). Despite targets to reach net-zero emissions by 2050, fossil fuels still dominate the energy industry systems in the USA and Canada. Transition pathways are developed and analyzed comparing a complete defossilization of both energy and nonenergy demands with business-as-usual conditions based on government projections. The results demonstrate the benefits of transitioning to 100% renewable energy for all sectors, as excess low-cost electricity from solar PV can be used for power-to-X solutions to produce electricity-based fuels, chemicals, and materials. By 2050, the power sector will only consume 20% of generated electricity, with the remaining used to electrify the heat, transport, and industry sectors. Thus, 86% of all primary energy in the system comes from renewable electricity, as total electricity generation increases from 4394 TWh in 2020 to 20 795 TWh in 2050. Solar PV reaches 78% of all electricity generation, leading to 10.6 TW of installed capacity. The full energy industry sector transition leads to reductions in both levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and levelized cost of final energy (LCOFE). The LCOE sees massive reductions from 72 €/MWh in 2020 to 25 €/MWh in 2050, and the LCOFE decreases from the current 50 to 41 €/MWh in 2050. The strong operational synergies between solar PV and flexible electrolysis enable a transition pathway that demonstrates the viability of a Power-to-X Economy in achieving climate targets of net-zero emissions. The high share of solar PV indicates a Solar-to-X Economy characteristic.","PeriodicalId":445,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics","volume":"15 2","pages":"215-222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10869466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three-Axis Force Plate Using High-Speed Line-Scan Camera and Tilted Pattern for Sampling Moiré Method

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3530770

Yukitake Nakahara;Ohga Nomura;Toshihiro Shiratori;Hidetoshi Takahashi

{"title":"Three-Axis Force Plate Using High-Speed Line-Scan Camera and Tilted Pattern for Sampling Moiré Method","authors":"Yukitake Nakahara;Ohga Nomura;Toshihiro Shiratori;Hidetoshi Takahashi","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3530770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3530770","url":null,"abstract":"Force plates utilizing various principles capable of simultaneously measuring vertical and shear forces have been developed to analyze ground reaction force (GRF) in studies of animal locomotion mechanics. Recently, a triaxial force plate with high accuracy and measurement independence has been proposed using the sampling moiré (SM) method and a prism. The SM method can detect in-plane displacement of a pattern image with significantly higher accuracy than pixel size. However, with implementations using area-scan cameras, it was difficult to achieve both large number of pixels, which determine force resolution, and high frame rate, which affects temporal resolution. Here, we propose an SM method force plate with high accuracy and time resolution using a line-scan camera with a single vertical pixel, high horizontal resolution, and high frame rate. To realize three-axis force measurement from 1-D images, a pair of tilted patterns are utilized for SM method analysis. The fabricated force plate was calibrated and confirmed to have a force resolution of less than 35 mN for each axis and a positional error of less than 3%. Therefore, the proposed force plate can be useful for highly accurate GRF measurement with high frame rate capabilities.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 5","pages":"8085-8092"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Delay and Jitter Characteristics of Fast-Triggered Cold Cathode Switches and Their Discharge Circuits

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3522338

Zhaoxiang Wang;Guisheng Jiang;Yijun Zheng;Hongliang Ma;Yu Liu;Ziren Zhu;Yinhui Yang;Zefan Huang;Lin Chen;Rongqing Tan

{"title":"Delay and Jitter Characteristics of Fast-Triggered Cold Cathode Switches and Their Discharge Circuits","authors":"Zhaoxiang Wang;Guisheng Jiang;Yijun Zheng;Hongliang Ma;Yu Liu;Ziren Zhu;Yinhui Yang;Zefan Huang;Lin Chen;Rongqing Tan","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3522338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3522338","url":null,"abstract":"Based on gas discharge theory incorporating enhanced distorted electric fields, refines the delay calculation formula for three-electrode spark-gap switches, thereby improving the accuracy of theoretical predictions. Additionally, the relationships between the delay and jitter of the spark-gap switch and variations in trigger voltage, operating voltage, gas pressure, and main electrode spacing were comprehensively examined. From the perspective of microscopic particles, the physical mechanisms by which these factors influence breakdown delay and discharge jitter were elucidated. By comparing the magnitude of each factor’s impact, the most critical factors affecting the breakdown delay and jitter of the spark-gap switch under conditions using a TEA CO2 laser as a load were identified, and discharge jitter was further reduced. Experimental results indicate that the rise rates of operating voltage and trigger voltage are the key parameters affecting the delay and jitter of the spark-gap switch, while the influence of other factors is relatively minor. Furthermore, the corrected delay calculation formula aligns well with the experimental results. This research not only provides a reference for delay prediction but also offers a low-jitter solution for laser oscillator-amplifier systems based on synchronized pulse discharge.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"53 2","pages":"276-283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Azimuth Alignment Error Analysis and Process Optimization of Rate-Bias Laser-Gyroscope Inertial Measurement System

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3532257

Yifu Jiang;Zhihong Deng;Yongqing Zhang

{"title":"Azimuth Alignment Error Analysis and Process Optimization of Rate-Bias Laser-Gyroscope Inertial Measurement System","authors":"Yifu Jiang;Zhihong Deng;Yongqing Zhang","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3532257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3532257","url":null,"abstract":"Rate-bias technology, as another way to solve the lock-in threshold problem, eliminates the extra random walk noise resulting from frequent dead-zone crossing of dithered-bias laser gyroscope. Currently, a rate-bias self-alignment method utilizing a forward and backward continuous rotational scheme has been employed to achieve rapid and high-precision north seeking. However, even under conditions of nearly horizontal placement and perfectly symmetrical bidirectional rotation, the scale-factor error along the rotation axis can still lead to significant heading alignment errors. The theoretical analysis in this article indicates that besides the equivalent east gyro bias and change rate of north specific force, the vertical gyro bias also contributes to heading alignment error. It is theoretically deduced and simulation-based validated that the primary error source of the reciprocating rotation rate-bias alignment is the angular velocity measurement error along the rotational axis caused by gyro scale-factor error and triad misalignment. An enhanced rotation scheme capable of error self-compensating instead of the scheme of estimating the scale factor by grating angle measurement is proposed to achieve high-precision alignment under conditions of angular swaying. Static and swaying alignment tests demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme compared to the traditional forward and backward rotational method. The alignment repeatability of the proposed scheme is better than <inline-formula> <tex-math>$21^{prime prime }text {(3}sigma $ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$35^{prime prime }text {(3}sigma $ </tex-math></inline-formula>) under static conditions and sway conditions, respectively.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 5","pages":"8841-8848"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CUDLE: Learning Under Label Scarcity to Detect Cannabis Use in Uncontrolled Environments Using Wearables

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3528030

Reza Rahimi Azghan;Nicholas C. Glodosky;Ramesh Kumar Sah;Carrie Cuttler;Ryan McLaughlin;Michael J. Cleveland;Hassan Ghasemzadeh

{"title":"CUDLE: Learning Under Label Scarcity to Detect Cannabis Use in Uncontrolled Environments Using Wearables","authors":"Reza Rahimi Azghan;Nicholas C. Glodosky;Ramesh Kumar Sah;Carrie Cuttler;Ryan McLaughlin;Michael J. Cleveland;Hassan Ghasemzadeh","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3528030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3528030","url":null,"abstract":"Wearable sensor systems have demonstrated great potential for real-time, objective monitoring of physiological health to support behavioral interventions. However, obtaining accurate labels in free-living environments remains challenging due to limited human supervision and reliance on self-labeling by patients, complicating data collection and supervised learning. To address this, we introduce cannabis use detection with label efficiency (CUDLE), a novel framework that leverages self-supervised learning with real-world wearable sensor data to automatically detect cannabis consumption in free-living environments. CUDLE identifies consumption moments using sensor-derived data through a contrastive learning framework, first learning robust representations via a self-supervised pretext task with data augmentation. These representations are then fine-tuned in a downstream task with a shallow classifier, allowing CUDLE to outperform traditional supervised methods, especially with limited labeled data. To evaluate our approach, we conducted a clinical study with 20 cannabis users, collecting over 500 h of wearable sensor data and user-reported cannabis use moments through ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods. Our analysis shows that CUDLE achieves a higher accuracy of 73.4% compared to 71.1% for the supervised approach, with the performance gap widening as the number of labels decreases. Notably, CUDLE not only surpasses the supervised model while using 75% fewer labels but also reaches peak performance with far fewer subjects, indicating its efficiency in learning from both limited labels and data. These findings have significant implications for real-world applications, where data collection and annotation are labor-intensive, offering a path to more scalable and practical solutions in computational health.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 5","pages":"9093-9100"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DAMNet: A Lightweight Dual-Modal Network for Wi-Fi-Based Human Activity Recognition

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3532444

Liyuan Lin;Jingpeng Yan;Aolin Wen;Shun Zhang;Shuxian Zhao;Leguang Wang;Xin Wang;Qiqi Wang;Weibin Zhou;Yuan Zhou

{"title":"DAMNet: A Lightweight Dual-Modal Network for Wi-Fi-Based Human Activity Recognition","authors":"Liyuan Lin;Jingpeng Yan;Aolin Wen;Shun Zhang;Shuxian Zhao;Leguang Wang;Xin Wang;Qiqi Wang;Weibin Zhou;Yuan Zhou","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3532444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3532444","url":null,"abstract":"Wi-Fi signals have played an important role in human activity recognition (HAR) due to widespread usage and noninvasive nature. Whereas the single-modal feature of channel state information (CSI) is usually used but fails to fully provide the time-frequency characteristics of the Wi-Fi signal, which affects the classification accuracy of HAR. Therefore, this article proposes a lightweight dual-modal network DAMNet, which can extract and fuse the characteristics of the wireless signal in the time domain and frequency domain. The DAMNet enhances the complementarity between different modals to improve the representation ability of the model by constructing an inverted residual coordinate attention block (IRCAB) and local convolutional aggregation structures. Hence, it can more effectively capture the time-frequency characteristics of Wi-Fi signals and enhance the ability to recognize different activities. The experimental results on the ACSID dataset show that the accuracy of the proposed model is 98.10%, which is significantly better than those of the other most advanced models. Meanwhile, the generalization validation on the WiAR and Glasgow datasets is conducted, whose accuracy reaches 95.91% and 95.15%, respectively. It is proved that the method proposed in this article has excellent generalization performance, with important practical value and promotion significance.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 5","pages":"9197-9207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel AlGaN/GaN SBD Thermal Sensor With Ultralow Power, Excellent Linearity, and High Sensitivity

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2025.3532657

Yuhan Sun;Kangyao Wen;Fangzhou Du;Chenkai Deng;Wenmao Li;Jiaqi He;Qiaoyu Hu;Yang Jiang;Robert Sokolovskij;Qing Wang;Yu-Long Jiang;Hong-Yu Yu

引用次数: 0