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{"title":"IEEE Sensors Council","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3474635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3474635","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"24 20","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10720573","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Numerical Analysis for the Detection of Water Salinity Concentration Using Long-Range Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor With TMDCs-Teflon/Cytop","authors":"Rajeev Kumar;Shivam Singh;Lalit Garia;Bhargavi Chaudhary;Maneesh Kumar Singh;Santosh Kumar","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3471636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3471636","url":null,"abstract":"A novel approach is suggested to enhance imaging sensitivity and refine the figure of merit (FoM) through the utilization of a long-range surface plasmon resonance (LRSPR) biosensor for the detection of water salinity concentration. This design integrates Teflon, copper (Cu), and a transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) layer. By incorporating this composite coating, the biosensor aims to inhibit oxidation, boost biomolecule adsorption, and elevate imaging sensitivity, detection accuracy (DA), and FoM. Using MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2 with the Teflon layer, the maximum achieved imaging sensitivities are 27651/RIU, 26501/RIU, 28059/RIU, 27209/RIU at 0% and 33245/RIU, 31458/RIU, 32424/RIU, 30472/RIU at 30%, water salinity concentration, respectively. Further, with the TMDCs layer, the maximum attained DA and FoM values with MoS2 are 33.33/° and 519.13/RIU, with MoSe2 are 50/° and 758.2/RIU, with WS2 are 50/° and 713.12/RIU, and with WSe2 are 50/° and 725.41/RIU, respectively. Additionally, the penetration depth (PD) of 566.12, 566.24, 493.77, and 508.3 nm at 0% and 700.14, 624.35, 570.28, and 569.94 nm at 30% salinity concentration is achieved. The numerical findings are compared to Teflon/Cytop layer-based LRSPR and conventional SPR (cSPR) sensors. We believe that this approach will have valuable applications in biological detection, medical diagnostics, and chemical analysis. While this work is solely based on simulations, we plan to conduct experimental studies in subsequent phases to further validate and refine the obtained numerical results.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 8","pages":"3136-3144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Glare Hazard Analysis of Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) Based Frontsheet for Flexible Photovoltaic Applications","authors":"K. P. Sreejith;Vijay Venkatesh;Govind Padmakumar;Arno H. M. Smets","doi":"10.1109/JPHOTOV.2024.3463961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2024.3463961","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoltaic (PV) panel installations in buildings and transportation hubs pose additional safety challenges as the glare from the panels can impose adverse impacts like flash blindness in human eyes. This study substantiates that polymer encapsulated thin film modules offer significantly low glare levels that are essential for building integrated and transport hub installations. In this work, the glare hazard potential associated with matt ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE)-based polymer sheet used as the frontsheet for the production of flexible thin amorphous silicon (a-Si) PV modules is studied and compared with standard PV glass used in crystalline silicon (c-Si) PV panels. The specular reflectance extracted from the measured total and diffuse reflectance for an angle of incidence (AOI) of 8\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 and the angular intensity distribution (AID) of specular reflectance measured for AOI ranging from 10\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 to 80\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 are utilized for glare assessment of the frontsheets. The mean value of specular reflectance extracted from the measured total and diffused reflectance is as low as \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$&lt; $</tex-math></inline-formula>\u00000.5% for the polymer frontsheet and is \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$&gt;$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u00004% for glass. The AID measurements suggest that the reflection from the polymer frontsheet is highly diffusive in nature in contrast to glass and the measured specular reflectance is always close to a magnitude lower than that from glass for all AOI. With the increase in AOI, the specular AID reflectance increases exponentially for glass to become as high as 40%, which is almost 20 times less than that from the polymer frontsheet for an AOI of 80\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000. Further, the c-Si test structure with glass and thin a-Si PV module with matt ETFE-based polymer as frontsheet showed similar specular reflectance trends as that of glass and the polymer frontsheet, respectively.","PeriodicalId":445,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics","volume":"14 6","pages":"930-936"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142517861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"808 nm Laser Power Converters for Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer","authors":"Yongji Chen;Zhiqiang Mou;Jun Wang;Lihong Zhu;Yudan Gou;ZhengMing Sun","doi":"10.1109/JPHOTOV.2024.3423764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2024.3423764","url":null,"abstract":"808 nm ten-junction laser power converters (LPCs) with different areas were designed and grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The I–V characteristics of the chips under three different testing conditions were compared to reveal the effect of heat accumulation on the performance of the LPCs. At the same time, the chip size effect was studied. In addition, the temperature of the LPCs was estimated based on its linear relationship with open-circuit voltage (\u0000<italic>V</i>\u0000_oc\u0000). Finally, the experiment of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) was conducted to study the limitations on the performance of SWIPT based on the laser. A power transmission of 1.59 W and a data transmission rate of 200 kbit/s was achieved simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":445,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics","volume":"14 6","pages":"890-900"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142517909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joint Resource Allocation and UAV Trajectory Design for Data Collection in Air-Ground Integrated IoRT Sensors Network With Clustered NOMA","authors":"Shichao Li;Zhiqiang Yu;Lian Chen","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3476289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3476289","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with the terrestrial network, the air-ground integrated network composed of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and high-altitude platforms (HAPs) has the advantages of large coverage, high capacity, and seamless connectivity, which can provide effective communication services for the Internet of Remote Things (IoRT) sensors. In this article, considering two transmission modes for two types of data with different delay requirements, and the limited battery capacity of UAV, we formulate a joint resource allocation and UAV trajectory design problem in clustered nonorthogonal multiple access (C-NOMA) air-ground integrated IoRT sensors network to maximize the data collection efficiency. For the formulated nonconvex problem, the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) method can solve it. However, the DDPG method has the Q-value overestimation problem; in order to alleviate the problem, the twin-delayed DDPG (TD3) method with a double critic network is applied, and a TD3-based resource allocation algorithm is proposed to solve the primal problem. Simulation results verify that the proposed algorithm has better performance in terms of improving the data collection efficiency than other benchmark methods.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"24 22","pages":"38540-38550"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameter Optimization for an All-Time Star Sensor Based on Field of View Gated Technology","authors":"Shaoyuan Zhong;Xinguo Wei;Jie Jiang;Jian Li;Gangyi Wang;Guangjun Zhang;Liang Fang","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3476311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3476311","url":null,"abstract":"The intense atmospheric background in near-earth space has huge interference on the star detection for all-time star sensors. To observe and track stars, traditional all-time star sensors with narrow field of view (FOV) must be installed on turntable platforms, which cannot achieve autonomous celestial attitude measurement. The innovative all-time star sensor based on FOV-gated technology controls the microshutter and microlens array, enabling rapid switching to subdivide the wide FOV and gate a narrow FOV. This system ensures the detection of multiple stars simultaneously by suppressing atmospheric background radiation, thereby achieving autonomous attitude determination. For the all-time star sensor, the accuracy of attitude measurement is not only related to system parameters but also to atmospheric radiation and transmission. Current parameter optimization methods are constrained by specific observation conditions, limiting their applicability across diverse scenarios and temporal variations. To overcome these limitations, we developed an analytical model that accounts for the distribution of spatiotemporal observation conditions, including the probability distribution of the solar zenith angle. Based on this model, the attitude accuracy of the star sensor under all spatiotemporal conditions is weighted and employed as the global optimization objective. An optimal design scheme was provided through optimization, leading to the fabrication of an actual optical lens, which was subsequently used to assemble a prototype. A ground-based experiment was conducted to validate the accuracy of the star detection model, followed by a simulation that confirmed the proposed design satisfies the requirements in the entire celestial sphere.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"24 22","pages":"38015-38024"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bismuth-Immobilized Optical Fiber-Based SPR Nanosensor for Detection of Zinc Nitrate Contamination in Aquaculture Industry","authors":"Yesudasu Vasimalla;Nasih Hma Salah;Baljinder Kaur;Hogr M. Rasul;Chella Santhosh;Ramachandran Balaji;S.R. Srither;Santosh Kumar","doi":"10.1109/OJNANO.2024.3479869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJNANO.2024.3479869","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc nitrate, a toxic substance usually found in industrial waste and agricultural residues, poses a serious threat to the aquaculture industry due to the poor water quality and harmful aquatic life. Effective monitoring of zinc nitrate contamination is essential to protect aquatic ecosystems and also ensures the safety of aquaculture products. This study presents a bismuth-immobilized optical fiber-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for the rapid detection of zinc nitrate contamination. The sensor design incorporates a ZBLAN core, NaF cladding, silver (Ag) as a plasmonic metal, and bismuth (Bi) to enhance detection sensitivity. In our work, we compared the sensor performance of the proposed bismuth-immobilized SPR biosensor with the conventional Ag-based sensor design. The performance of the proposed Ag-Bi sensor model is compared with the conventional Ag-based sensor. To improve the sensitivity and FOM, Ag layer thickness is varied between 50 and 80 nm with respect to the zinc nitrate concentrations of 0%, 1%, and 5%. Using the angular interrogation method, the resonance wavelength shifts are correlated to changes in refractive index (RI). The Bi-immobilized Ag layer achieved a maximum sensitivity of 5680 nm/RIU at 5% zinc nitrate concentration and an FOM of 95.2381 RIU\u0000⁻¹\u0000 at 1%. While conventional Ag-based sensors attained a maximum sensitivity of 5240 nm/RIU and an FOM of 90.345 RIU\u0000⁻¹\u0000 at 80 nm Ag thickness. The above results demonstrate that the Ag-Bi layer SPR biosensor is highly suitable for simultaneously detecting zinc nitrate and other heavy metal contaminants in water, providing a cost-effective solution for heavy metal contamination detection in aquatic industry.","PeriodicalId":446,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"5 ","pages":"80-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10715639","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Reliable Virtual Sensing Architecture With Zero Additional Deployment Costs for SHM Systems","authors":"Chong Zhang;Ke Lei;Xin Shi;Yang Wang;Ting Wang;Xin Wang;Lihu Zhou;Chuanhui Zhang;Xingjie Zeng","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3474678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3474678","url":null,"abstract":"Structural health monitoring (SHM) serves to safeguard the operational safety of building structures; however, the high cost of SHM nodes limits its large-scale applications. In this article, we propose a novel computational model that integrates the physical model of SHM sensing to generate “virtual” sensor nodes with reliable data output at zero additional deployment cost, thereby enabling cost-efficient sensing for SHM systems. To achieve this, we build a generative adversarial network (GAN) combined with the physical model and design a discriminator to ensure that the generated virtual sensor node data aligns with the authentic physical characteristics. The generator employs a 1-D convolutional layer in a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a bi-long short-term memory network (LSTM) model to capture spatial-temporal correlations, along with a weighted smoothing algorithm to reduce noise while preserving data integrity. To support the model, we design a spatial-channel attention mechanism to enhance robustness. We conduct tests on the real-world dataset of the Belgian railway bridge KW51, and the results indicate that our system can generate virtual sensor nodes with 98.2% accuracy toward the ground truth without the need to deploy new devices (with no additional deployment cost). Hence, with its reliable sensing and cost-efficient features, we believe that our system could be helpful in facilitating the large-scale application of SHM systems, thereby providing effective safety monitoring for a wider range of buildings.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"24 22","pages":"38527-38539"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four-Port Probe for Simultaneous Measurement of Electric and Magnetic Fields in Near-Field Scanning","authors":"Lei Wang;Quan Huang;Tao Zhang;Wenxiao Fang;Zhangming Zhu","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3472568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3472568","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a symmetric probe with four ports is proposed for ultrawideband and simultaneous near-field measurement of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${H} _{x}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 and \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${H} _{y}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 (along the horizontal direction of the probe) and \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${E} _{z}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 (along the normal direction of the probe) components from 0.01 to 15 GHz. The probe incorporates four meticulously designed symmetrical loops, created from vias and traces within a four-layer printed circuit board (PCB), which serve the purpose of detecting radio frequency (RF) electric and magnetic fields. Due to the symmetric design, three orthogonal electromagnetic field components (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${H} _{x}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${H} _{y}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, and \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${E} _{z}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000) can be extracted by common and differential calculation of the four signal outputs of the probe. A near-field scanning apparatus, integrated with a microstrip line, is used to characterize the performance of the electromagnetic field probe in application. To further verify the ultrawideband and simultaneous near-field measurement of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${H} _{x}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${H} _{y}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, and \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${E} _{z}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, the near-field scanning is meticulously executed on a Z-type microstrip interconnect, meticulously capturing the three-surface electric and magnetic fields. The measurement results are validated in simulation. Therefore, the designed ultrawideband probe has excellent features in wideband operation, multicomponent measurement (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${H} _{x}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${H} _{y}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, and \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${E} _{z}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000), and electric-field suppression in near-field scanning, which can improve testing efficiency and reduce rotational measurement errors in actual electromagnetic interference (EMI) identification.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"24 22","pages":"37859-37868"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AC Bridge Pressure Sensor With Temperature Compensation for High Temperature and Pressure Composite Environment","authors":"Boshan Sun;Jijun Xiong;Yingping Hong;Wenping Zhang;Kun Bi;Miaomiao Zheng;Chen Li","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3475211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3475211","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a high-temperature resistant ac bridge pressure sensor is designed for the application of high temperature and pressure combined environment. The temperature drift error compensation of the pressure sensor is realized by designing and arranging the structure of temperature-sensitive and pressure-sensitive capacitors connected with the bridge. In particular, the sensor alumina ceramic substrate is prepared by the lamination postsintering process of green tapes, and the silver paste is tightly integrated on the alumina ceramic surface by the inkjet printing postsintering process. Among them, the high-temperature and pressure-sensitive compact cavity is formed by the creative carbon film filling process before the multilayer green tapes lamination. Finally, three sets of high temperature and temperature-pressure composite test platforms were built and the comprehensive performance of the sensor was tested. The results show that the sensor can work at a high temperature of not less than \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$700~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000C and can complete the combined high temperature and high pressure test at a high temperature of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$23~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000C–\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$400~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000C, in which the test error at \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$400~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000C is less than 3.3%.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"24 22","pages":"36579-36586"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}